CN107459490B - 吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物及其应用 - Google Patents

吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN107459490B
CN107459490B CN201710585069.9A CN201710585069A CN107459490B CN 107459490 B CN107459490 B CN 107459490B CN 201710585069 A CN201710585069 A CN 201710585069A CN 107459490 B CN107459490 B CN 107459490B
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吴清来
秦川
李俊凯
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Abstract

本发明提供一种吩嗪‑1‑甲酰胺类化合物及其应用,属于化学领域,该类化合物的通式具有如下结构:
Figure DDA0001353302270000011
其中:R为C4‑C10的烷基,C3‑C10的烯基,C3‑C10的炔基,C3‑C10的酯基,酰胺基,氰基,醛基,酮基以及含有一个或多个饱和或不饱和烃基、烷氧基、卤素、含氟甲基、硝基、氰基、酯基、酮基、醛基取代的苯基,取代的吡啶基,取代的呋喃基,取代的吡唑基,取代的噻唑基,取代的噻吩基;R’为氢、甲基、乙基、乙酸乙酯基;n为0‑10的任一数值。本发明的具有新颖结构的吩嗪‑1‑甲酰胺类化合物,可用于防治农作物上的病害。

Description

吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于化学领域,特别涉及一种吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物的合成方法及其应用。
背景技术
天然产物吩嗪-1-羧酸(PCA)(式一)具有独特的化学结构和优良的农用杀菌活性,对水稻纹枯病、西瓜枯萎病、辣椒疫病、小麦全蚀病、西瓜炭疽病、油菜菌核病等病原菌的具有广谱性农用抗菌活性,对人畜和环境无害,是一种安全、高效、环境友好的微生物源绿色农药。以吩嗪-1-羧酸为先导化合物,进行高活性新农药创制研究也正在兴起,其中吩嗪-1-羧酸酰胺类化合物是其高活性类似物中的佼佼者,如李荣秀等(Bioorganic&MedicinalChemistry Letters,2010,20,7369.)报道了11个吩嗪-1-羧酸酰胺类似物的合成,活性研究发现部分化合物的对水稻纹枯菌的杀菌活性是吩嗪-1-羧酸的2~5倍。本课题组前期合成的系列吩嗪-1-羧酸氨基酸酯耦合物,活性研究发现大部分化合物显示出高于吩嗪-1-羧酸的杀菌活性(Bioorganic&Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2016,26,5384.)。
Figure BDA0001353302260000011
但是吩嗪-1-羧酸几乎在所有的溶剂中溶解性都很差,在剂型加工方面难度较大,而且目前为止,基于吩嗪-1-羧酸(PCA)的结构改造和修饰来进行新农药创制的研究工作还很少。因此对吩嗪-1-羧酸进行合理的结构改造和修饰,改善其理化性质,使其更有利于农业使用,就显得非常有意义。我们采用活性亚结构拼接的方法,将吩嗪-1-羧酸与具有良好杀菌活性的化合物进行拼接,设计并合成了一系列吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物,发现该类化合物具有良好的杀菌活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物,它可应用于防治农作物上的病虫害。如通式(Ⅰ)所示:
Figure BDA0001353302260000021
其中:
R为C4-C10的烷基,C3-C10的烯基,C3-C10的炔基,C3-C10的酯基,酰胺基,氰基,醛基,酮基以及含有一个或多个饱和或不饱和烃基、烷氧基、卤素、含氟甲基、硝基、氰基、酯基、酮基、醛基取代的苯基,取代的吡啶基,取代的呋喃基,取代的吡唑基,取代的噻唑基,取代的噻吩基,R’为氢、甲基、乙基、乙酸乙酯基。
n为0-10的任一数值。
优选情况下,通式(Ⅰ)中n为0,R选自C4-C10的烷基、乙烯基、乙炔基、卤代烃基,C3-C10的酯基,氰基;R’为氢、甲基、乙基、乙酸乙酯基;
通式(Ⅰ)中n为1-2,R选自氰基、三氟甲基、卤代烷氧基、硝基取代的苯基(A),取代的吡啶基(B),取代的噁唑基(C),R’为氢、甲基、乙基、乙酸乙酯基。
所述的A、B、C的结构如下:
Figure BDA0001353302260000022
优选情况下,R1、R2、R3、R3、R3选自氰基、三氟甲基、卤代烷氧基、硝基。
可以用下列表1中列出的化合物来说明本发明的吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物,但不限定本发明。
表1化合物表
Figure BDA0001353302260000023
Figure BDA0001353302260000031
Figure BDA0001353302260000041
Figure BDA0001353302260000051
Figure BDA0001353302260000061
Figure BDA0001353302260000071
Figure BDA0001353302260000081
Figure BDA0001353302260000091
Figure BDA0001353302260000101
Figure BDA0001353302260000111
Figure BDA0001353302260000121
Figure BDA0001353302260000131
Figure BDA0001353302260000141
Figure BDA0001353302260000151
Figure BDA0001353302260000161
Figure BDA0001353302260000171
Figure BDA0001353302260000181
Figure BDA0001353302260000191
Figure BDA0001353302260000201
Figure BDA0001353302260000211
Figure BDA0001353302260000221
Figure BDA0001353302260000231
Figure BDA0001353302260000241
Figure BDA0001353302260000251
Figure BDA0001353302260000261
Figure BDA0001353302260000271
Figure BDA0001353302260000281
本发明的另一目的是提供一种杀菌组合物:将通式(Ⅰ)的化合物与载体混合。这个组合物可以含本发明通式(Ⅰ)中的一种化合物或几种化合物的混合物。
本发明杀菌组合物中的载体系满足下述条件的物质:它与活性成分配制后便于施用于待处理的位点,例如可以是植物、种子或土壤;或者有利于贮存、运输或操作。载体可以是固体或液体,包括通常为气体但已压缩成液体的物质,通常在配制杀虫、杀菌组合物中所用的载体均可使用。
合适的固体载体包括:天然或合成的粘土和硅酸盐,例如硅藻土、滑石、硅镁土、高岭土、蒙脱石和云母;碳酸钙;硫酸钙;合成的氧化硅、硅酸钙和硅酸铝;元素如碳或硫;天然的或合成的树脂如苯并呋喃树脂;聚氯乙烯和苯乙烯聚合物或共聚物;固体多氯苯酚;沥青;蜡如蜂蜡或石蜡。
合适的液体载体包括:水;醇如乙醇或异丙醇;酮如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丙基酮或环己酮;醚;芳烃如苯、甲苯、二甲苯或溶剂油;石油馏分如煤油或矿物油;生物材油;通常,这些液体的混合物也是合适的。
杀虫杀菌组合物通常加工成浓缩物的形式并以此用于运输,在施用之前由使用者将其稀释。少量表面活性剂的存在有助于稀释过程。这样,本发明的组合物中至少有一种载体优选是表面活性剂。例如组合物可含有至少两种载体,其中至少一种是表面活性剂。
本发明的组合物的实例是可湿性粉剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、泡腾片剂或溶液,可乳化的浓缩剂、乳剂、悬浮浓缩剂、气雾剂或烟雾剂。
本发明的化合物同时具有广谱的杀虫、杀菌活性,可用于防治在各种作物上由卵菌纲、担子菌纲、子囊菌和半知菌等多种病菌引起的病害。
具体实施方式
本发明的吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物的合成方法包括以下步骤:
Figure BDA0001353302260000282
下面结合具体的实例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下面实例中未注明具体实施条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按质量计算。
下面以N-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺等为例,阐述本发明的吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物的合成方法。
实例1:N-(2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
1)吩嗪-1-甲酰氯的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000291
于100ml单口反应瓶中加入2.5克(11.2mmol)吩嗪-1-羧酸,二氯甲烷30毫升,滴1~2滴DMF,缓慢加入3.0克草酰氯(以防冲料),然后加热回流反应,至吩嗪-1-羧酸完全消失,继续回流反应2~3小时,于旋蒸仪上将溶剂脱干,加入少量二氯甲烷溶解,再旋干,尽量将过量的草酰氯带走干净,然后加入一定量的二氯甲烷溶解,用于下步使用。
2)吩嗪-1-甲酸的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000292
于100mL三口瓶中加入2-氯-4-三氟甲基苯胺2.0g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯的二氯甲烷溶液(11.2mmol),滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.8g。收率94%。m.p.201.5~203.1℃,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ13.50(s,1H),9.15(s,1H),9.09-9.01(m,1H),8.47-8.41(m,1H),8.41-8.34(m,1H),8.32-8.25(m,1H),8.02-7.97(m,1H),7.96-7.88(m,2H),7.61(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.38(dd,J=8.2,1.2Hz,1H).HRMS calcd for C20H11N3OF3Cl(M+H)+:402.0617,found:402.0616.
实例2:N-(3-氯吡啶-4-基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000293
于100mL三口瓶中加入3-氯-4-氨基吡啶1.3g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.15g。收率94%。m.p.206.2~208.1℃,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:13.52(s,1H),9.12(dd,J=8.4,1.8Hz,1H),9.05(dd,J=7.2,1.2Hz,1H),8.53-8.38(m,2H),8.36-8.26(m,1H),8.21(dd,J=4.8,1.8Hz,1H),8.07-7.86(m,3H),7.37(dd,J=8.4,4.8Hz,1H).HRMS calcd for C18H11N4OCl(M+H)+:335.0695,found 335.0694.
实例3:N-甲基-N-(2-氟苯基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000301
于100mL三口瓶中加入N-甲基-2-氟苯胺1.3g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.1g。收率93%。m.p.120.1~122.6℃,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.35(t,J=7.6,1H),8.17(t,J=9.6,1H),8.12(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.98-7.80(m,3H),7.70(t,J=15.2Hz,1H),6.94(dd,J=78.4,8.4Hz,3H),6.52(dd,J=14.8,8.0Hz,1H),3.66(s,3H).HRMS calcd for C20H14N3OF(M+H)+:332.1193,found:332.1194.
实例4:N-(3-氯苯甲基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000302
于100mL三口瓶中加入间氯苄胺1.4g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.25g。收率94%。m.p.159.3~160.8℃。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ11.59(s,1H),9.03(dd,J=7.2,1.6Hz,1H),8.39(dd,J=8.8,1.6Hz,1H),8.26(m,1H),8.24-8.13(m,1H),8.04-7.79(m,3H),7.79-7.58(m,1H),7.58-7.38(m,1H),7.38-7.20(m,2H),4.99(d,J=6.0Hz,2H).HRMS calcd for C20H14N3OCl(M+H)+:348.0896,found348.0898.
实例5:N-(3-苯基丙基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000311
于100mL三口瓶中加入苯丙胺1.35g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.3g。收率97%。m.p.124.0~125.6℃。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:11.08(s,1H),9.04(dd,J=7.2,1.6Hz,1H),8.41(dd,J=8.8,1.6Hz,1H),8.36-8.28(m,1H),8.22(m,1H),8.02-7.92(m,3H),7.33-7.29(m,4H),7.25-7.18(m,1H),3.76(dd,J=12.4,6.8Hz,2H),2.92(t,J=15.44,2H),2.23-2.14(m,2H).HRMScalcd for C22H19N3O(M+H)+:342.1596,found342.1601.
实例6:N-(2-氯苯基乙基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000312
于100mL三口瓶中加入2-氯苯乙胺1.55g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.25g。收率90%。m.p.110.5~112.4℃1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ11.03(s,1H),9.03(dd,J=7.2,1.6Hz,1H),8.38(dd,J=8.8,1.6Hz,1H),8.25(dd,J=8.4,1.0Hz,1H),7.97(dd,J=8.4,7.2Hz,1H),7.86(m,2H),7.69-7.63(m,1H),7.43-7.26(m,3H),4.05(dd,J=12.4,6.4Hz,2H),3.12(t,J=6.8Hz,2H).HRMS calcd.for C21H16ClN3O(M+H)+:361.1441,found 361.1444.
实例7::N-(5-甲基异恶唑-3-基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000321
于100mL三口瓶中加入3-氨基-5-甲基异恶唑1.0g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺2.85g。收率95%。m.p.>250℃,1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:13.88(s,1H),9.07(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),8.50(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.45(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.32(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),8.12–7.89(m,3H),6.98(s,1H),2.51(s,3H).HRMS calcd for C17H12N4O2(M+H)+:305.1032,found.305.1033.
实例8:N-(4,5,6,7-四氢苯并噻吩-3-甲酸甲酯-2-基)吩嗪-1-甲酰胺的合成:
Figure BDA0001353302260000322
于100mL三口瓶中加入2-氨基-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并噻吩-3-甲酸甲酯2.1g(10.0mmol),二氯甲烷30ml,冰水浴冷却至0~5℃,滴加1)步中制备好的吩嗪-1-甲酰氯(11.2mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,保温0~5℃反应1h后,点板监测,反应完全。脱溶剂,加入50ml二氯甲烷溶解,用5%的盐酸水溶液充分洗涤有机层,分出有机层,再用5%的氢氧化钠水溶液洗涤有机层,分出有机层,用无水硫酸钠干燥1小时,抽滤,滤液脱溶剂得上述酰胺3.26g。收率78%。m.p.199.1-200.6℃,1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:14.91(s,1H),9.15-9.01(m,2H),8.47(dd,J=8.8,1.6Hz,1H),8.34-8.25(m,1H),8.03-7.92(m,3H),4.03(s,3H),2.88(t,J=4.8Hz,2H),2.76(t,J=4.8Hz,2H),1.93-1.78(m,4H).HRMS calcd forC23H19N3O3S(M+H)+:418.1216,found.418.122.
其他化合物参照上述方法合成。
用本发明合成的化合物对多种真菌病害进行了杀菌活性测试。实验方法如下:化合物用丙酮或二氯甲烷或DMSO溶解制备成2000μM的母液。在无菌操作条件下,把配制好的2000μM母液用培养基稀释成200μM的含毒培养基平板,实验设不含药剂处理的空白对照,各重复3次。
按照中华人民共和国农业行业标准(NY/T 1156.2-2006),采用菌丝生长速率法进行测定。将培养好的各种病原菌,在无菌操作条件下用直径5mm的灭菌打孔器,自菌落边缘切取菌饼,用接种器将菌饼接种于含药平板中央,菌丝面向下,盖上皿盖,置于25℃培养箱中培养。
根据空白对照培养皿中菌落的生长情况调查病原菌菌丝生长情况,待空白对照中的菌落充分生长后,以十字交叉法测量各处理的菌落直径,采用下面公式计算菌落增长直径,取其平均值。
菌落增长直径=菌落直径-菌饼直径
测定结果用下列方法计算,以空白对照菌落增长直径和药剂处理的菌落增长直径计算各药剂处理对各种病原菌的菌丝增长抑制率(参见下面公式)。
菌丝生长抑制率(%)=[(对照菌落增长直径-药剂处理菌落增长直径)/空白对照菌落增长直径]×100
部分化合物测试结果如表2所示(其中化合物编号对应表1中的编号):
表2:部分化合物的杀菌活性测试结果
Figure BDA0001353302260000331
Figure BDA0001353302260000341
用本发明合成的化合物制备了杀菌组合物,各组合物中各组分均为重量百分含量,其配置方法如下:
实施例9 55%可湿性粉剂
Figure BDA0001353302260000342
各组分混合在一起,在粉碎机中粉碎,直到颗粒达到标准。
实施例10 45%乳油
Figure BDA0001353302260000343
将化合物158、PEO-10及乙氧基化甘油三酸酯溶于生物柴油中,得到透明的溶液。
实施例11 40%的水悬浮剂
Figure BDA0001353302260000344
将化合物1166与70%的应加入水量以及十二烷基苯磺酸钠在球磨机中粉碎,其他组分溶解在其余水中,搅拌加入,混合均匀得水悬浮剂。

Claims (3)

1.一种吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物,其特征在于:该类化合物的通式具有如下结构:
Figure FDA0002823346880000011
其中:所述R的结构如下:
Figure FDA0002823346880000012
所述的n、R’、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5具体如下:
编号 n R R’ R<sub>1</sub> R<sub>2</sub> R<sub>3</sub> R<sub>4</sub> R<sub>5</sub> 46 0 (A) CH<sub>3</sub> CF<sub>3</sub> H H H H 545 1 (B) H Cl H Cl H 590 1 (B) CH<sub>3</sub> H C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> H H 702 2 (A) H H H t-Bu H H 838 2 (A) CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> H H C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub> H H 872 2 (B) H CF<sub>3</sub> Cl H H 941 2 (B) C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub> NO<sub>2</sub> H H H 1179 3 (B) H CN H H H
2.一种吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物的应用,其特征在于:该类化合物可制成杀菌组合物,所述杀菌组合物由权利要求1所述化合物及载体混合而成。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种吩嗪-1-甲酰胺类化合物的应用,其特征在于:该类化合物可防治由卵菌纲、担子菌纲、子囊菌和半知菌真菌引起的病害。
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