CN107459429A - A kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum Download PDFInfo
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- CN107459429A CN107459429A CN201710831613.3A CN201710831613A CN107459429A CN 107459429 A CN107459429 A CN 107459429A CN 201710831613 A CN201710831613 A CN 201710831613A CN 107459429 A CN107459429 A CN 107459429A
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- base manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum, the raw materials of following mass parts is included：9~12 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20~24 parts of potassium nitrate, 25~32 parts of saleratus, 2~4 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 9~12 parts of magnesium chloride, 2~4 parts of EM bacterium, 11~14 parts of Crop Root stem, 14~16 parts of plant ash, 14~16 parts of argol, 6~8 parts of saccharomycete, also include the inorganic salts of the one or more trace element composition in iron, boron, molybdenum, manganese, its mass parts is 1~2 part.The invention also discloses the preparation method of the charcoal base manure of the raising Quality of Capsicum.Charcoal base manure of the present invention is strengthened the retain water and nutrients ability of soil, strengthens absorbability of the capsicum to nutriment, reduced the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, improve Quality of Capsicum by improved soil structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, and in particular to a kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum.
Background technology
Biomass carbon, refer to plant or after animal body remains carry out high-temperature process under anoxic conditions, part organic matter
It is consumed rear remaining high carbonizable substance.These materials have characteristic loose porous, that specific surface area is big, can pass through improved soil
Structure makes it become loose, makes the gas permeability of soil be improved, while strengthens soil water sorption moisture holding capacity.Biomass carbon is to battalion
Supporting material has very strong absorption affinity, can effectively lock all kinds of nutrition, reduces fertilizer loss, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, and reduction is applied
Fertilizer.
EM bacterium are a kind of CEMs, are a variety of micro- based on photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete and actinomyces
A kind of novel microbial active bacteria formulation that biological compound criteria forms.Beneficial bacterium based environment can be produced, and then suppresses to be harmful to micro- life
Thing is bred, and reduces all kinds of microorganism diseases；Its caused beneficial bacterium based environment can form good growing environment simultaneously, form one
Determine the Nutrient Cycle of degree, reduce Fertilizer application amount, effectively facilitate the metabolism of plant, while improve edaphon knot
Structure, promote to improve the quality of crops, reach low input, the effect of high repayment.
The root system of capsicum is undeveloped, and main root is thick, and root amount is few and slow-growing, therefore it absorbs the limited in one's ability of nutrition, often
Nutrition in rule fertilizer can not be absorbed by crops well.Therefore, it is necessary to study a kind of new-type fertilizer, further conditioned soil is passed through
Earth, soil is become loose and nutriment can be adsorbed, effectively lock nutrition, reduce and be lost in, improve utilization rate of fertilizer.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum, include the raw material of following mass parts：7~14 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, nitric acid
18~28 parts of potassium, 19~37 parts of saleratus, 1~5 part of calcium bicarbonate, 7~16 parts of magnesium chloride, 1~5 part of EM bacterium, Crop Root
10~15 parts of stem, 13~17 parts of plant ash, 13~17 parts of argol, 5~10 parts of saccharomycete.
Preferably, the charcoal base manure formula includes the raw material of following mass parts：9~12 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate 20
~24 parts, 25~32 parts of saleratus, 2~4 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 9~12 parts of magnesium chloride, 2~4 parts of EM bacterium, Crop Root stem
11~14 parts, 14~16 parts of plant ash, 14~16 parts of argol, 6~8 parts of saccharomycete.
Preferably, the charcoal base manure formula includes the raw material of following mass parts：11 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 22 parts of potassium nitrate,
28 parts of saleratus, 3 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 11 parts of magnesium chloride, 3 parts of EM bacterium, 12 parts of Crop Root stem, 15 parts of plant ash, argol
15 parts, 7 parts of saccharomycete.
The Crop Root stem is that crops gather in the rhizome portion stubble thrown aside after agricultural product agricultural product.
The charcoal base manure formula also includes the inorganic salts of the one or more trace element composition in iron, boron, molybdenum, manganese, its
Mass parts are 1~2 part.
A kind of preparation method of foregoing charcoal base manure, is comprised the steps of：
(1) prepared by organic matter fertilizer：
A, argol is carried out into drying ensures thorough drying；
B, composition in step A is thoroughly crushed, added after being well mixed after addition plant ash and saccharomycete in composting device,
The compost fermentation of 2~10 days is carried out, and periodically carries out turning, to ensure humidity and temperature stabilization；
C, after compost fermentation terminates, after compost product is dried, crushing is standby, obtains organic matter fertilizer；
(2) activation of EM bacterium
A：EM bacterium stoste, sucrose and water are taken by 1:1:After 8 ratio mixing, activation fermentation 2~5 days is carried out after sealing,
Keep periodically carrying out fully rocking mixing during this, and discharge fermentation gas, control pH reaches 3~4, obtains activation culture liquid；
B：Activation culture liquid, sucrose and water are taken, by 1:1:After the mixing of 9 ratios, it is again sealed off being enlarged culture, this day
Number is 4~8 days, the same A of remaining fermentation step, and control pH reaches 3~4, and obtained nutrient solution is required EM bacterium annex solutions；
(3) preparation of biomass carbon：
A, thoroughly crushed after Crop Root stem being carried out into preliminary air-dry；
B, the Crop Root stem powder of crushing is dried, control water content is less than 10%；
C, the Crop Root stem powder of drying is subjected to the preheating and drying of 2 hours, continues thereafter with and be warming up to more than 250 DEG C
1~3 hour of charing process is carried out, is taken out after temperature is cooled to room temperature；
D, the Crop Root stem powder after charing process is ground crushing, until reaching the thickness of 70~90 mesh sieves
Degree, biomass carbon as of the present invention；
(4) preparation of finished product fertilizer：
A, by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride and other micro- inorganic salts, mixing arrangement is added by proportioning
In be stirred, it is ensured that powder is thoroughly mixed, and occurs without agglomerating blocking, obtains mineral salt compositions；
B, maintain the temperature at 30~35 DEG C and add EM bacterium annex solution fermentation 2~4 days, obtain mixed fermentation liquid；
C, mixed toward the biomass carbon of preparation in addition step (3) in mixed fermentation liquid, tune pH after being 6~6.5, obtain base
Plinth charcoal base manure；
D, it is mixed into saleratus after finally basic charcoal base manure is air-dried, calcium bicarbonate obtains finished product charcoal base manure.
Composting fermentation process parameter in step (1) B is：Overall process keeps heap temperature in 45~55 DEG C, heap body
Water content is 40~45%.
The drying temperature of Crop Root stem powder in step (2) B should be maintained at 70~90 DEG C.
In step (3) C, before the preheating and drying is carried out, it should be maintained in 0.5~1.5 hour and rise slowly
It is warming up to 200~245 DEG C.
Should be at 300~600 DEG C during charing process in step (3) C, and keep anaerobic environment to carry out.
The present invention has the advantages that：The present invention adds biomass carbon and EM bacterium, energy based on NPK
Soil physics structure and micropopulation structure are effectively improved, effectively strengthens the gas permeability of soil and retain water and nutrients ability；By making soil
Earth is combined with nutriment, so as to make nutritional ingredient be maintained at topsoil, while improves the absorbability of plant root, and two
Person combines the ability that crop absorbs nutrition that can strengthen to a greater extent.The present invention is by improved soil structure, the guarantor for strengthening soil
Water fertilizer-preserving ability, strengthen absorbability of the capsicum to nutriment, reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizer, improve Quality of Capsicum.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to embodiments, the present invention will be described in further detail.
The charcoal base manure embodiment 1~5 of the present invention is formulated, and is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
A kind of embodiment 1-5 charcoal base manure is prepared as follows：
(1) prepared by organic matter fertilizer：
A, argol is carried out into drying ensures thorough drying；
B, composition in step A is thoroughly crushed, added after being well mixed after addition plant ash and saccharomycete in composting device,
Holding heap temperature is 40~45% in 45~55 DEG C, heap body water content, carries out the compost fermentation of 2~10 days, and is periodically entered
Row turning, to ensure humidity and temperature stabilization；
C, after compost fermentation terminates, after compost product is dried, crushing is standby, obtains organic matter fertilizer；
(2) activation of EM bacterium
A：EM bacterium stoste, sucrose and water are taken by 1:1:After 8 ratio mixing, activation fermentation 2~5 days is carried out after sealing,
Keep periodically carrying out fully rocking mixing during this, and discharge fermentation gas, control pH reaches 3~4, obtains activation culture liquid；
B：Activation culture liquid, sucrose and water are taken, by 1:1:After the mixing of 9 ratios, it is again sealed off being enlarged culture, this day
Number is 4~8 days, the same A of remaining fermentation step, and control pH reaches 3~4, and obtained nutrient solution is required EM bacterium annex solutions；
(3) preparation of biomass carbon：
A, thoroughly crushed after Crop Root stem being carried out into preliminary air-dry；
B, the Crop Root stem powder of crushing is dried at 70~90 DEG C, control water content is less than 10%；
C, the Crop Root stem powder of drying is maintained to rise in 0.5~1.5 hour and is to slowly warm up to 200~245 DEG C
The preheating and drying of 2 hours is carried out, continues thereafter with and is warming up at more than 250 DEG C, 300~600 DEG C, and keeps anaerobic environment to carry out,
1~3 hour of charing process is carried out, is taken out after temperature is cooled to room temperature；
D, the Crop Root stem powder after charing process is ground crushing, until reaching the thickness of 70~90 mesh sieves
Degree, biomass carbon as of the present invention；
(4) preparation of finished product fertilizer：
A, by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride and other micro- inorganic salts, mixing arrangement is added by proportioning
In be stirred, it is ensured that powder is thoroughly mixed, and occurs without agglomerating blocking, obtains mineral salt compositions；
B, maintain the temperature at 30~35 DEG C and add EM bacterium annex solution fermentation 2~4 days, obtain mixed fermentation liquid；
C, mixed toward the biomass carbon of preparation in addition step (3) in mixed fermentation liquid, tune pH after being 6~6.5, obtain base
Plinth charcoal base manure；
D, it is mixed into saleratus after finally basic charcoal base manure is air-dried, calcium bicarbonate obtains finished product charcoal base manure.
Two following comparative examples, table 2 specific as follows are provided.
Table 2
In order to verify the fertilizer efficiency of the charcoal base manure of above-described embodiment charcoal base manure and comparative example preparation, following test report has been done：
Experimental cultivar：Prosperous green pepper No. 8
Method：Field plot trial.Using RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 4 treatment groups are designed altogether：(1) processing 1 is not apply fertilizer,
That is blank control group；(2) processing 2 is the charcoal base manure prepared by application embodiment 3；(3) processing 3 is prepared to apply comparative example 1
Fertilizer；(4) processing 4 is fertilizer prepared by comparative example 2.Do not set repetition, totally 4 cells, the arrangement of random district's groups, and each cell it
Between be independent of each other, each plot area is 20m2.Wherein, the planting requirement of capsicum is as common pepper planting requirement.
The method of soil is adopted before plantation using mixing, the soil for gathering 0-30cm carries out basic character detection, following numerical value
The average value tested for cell, as a result such as table 3.
Table 3
2nd, the growing state of capsicum and yield such as table 4 below.
Table 4
The capsicum different parts of 4 treatment groups are under equal conditions dried, grind into powder, weigh dry matter accumulation
Amount, as a result such as table 5 below.
Table 5
| Group | Cauline leaf | Root | Fruit |
| Processing 1 | 11.3 | 3.21 | 17.66 |
| Processing 2 | 17.89 | 5.12 | 30.15 |
| Processing 3 | 16.34 | 4.58 | 26.31 |
| Processing 4 | 16.23 | 4.77 | 24.55 |
Understood with reference to the data analysis of table 4 and table 5：The branch amount for the capsicum that 1 group of space management is 3, plant height and number of bearing fruit
With there is significant difference compared with applying 2 groups of the processing of charcoal base manure, illustrate that the charcoal base manure of the present invention has and promote pepper plant growth
Effect, and then promote capsicum yield, reach good economic benefit；The dry weight measure of capsicum understands that charcoal base manure can be effective
Promote the accumulation of dry chili heavy substance so that product has preferable quality；Handle and lack in 2 groups of fertilizer with 3 groups of preparations of processing
Charcoal and EM bacterium, cause fertilizer efficiency well below handling 2 groups, illustrate that both compositions of charcoal and EM bacterium are to fertilizer in charcoal base manure
Effect has a great influence, and therefore, by multiple formula test, obtains the technical scheme that the present invention protects.
Yield and the relation of fertilizer determine, and are shown in Table 6.
Table 6
| Group | Yield (t/hm2) | Rate of growth % | Fertilizer contribution rate % | Utilization rate of fertilizer % |
| Processing 1 | 1.05 | - | - | - |
| Processing 2 | 1.84 | 75.2 | 44.89 | 15.71 |
| Processing 3 | 1.55 | 47.6 | 30.11 | 11.51 |
| Processing 4 | 1.49 | 41.9 | 29.87 | 8.26 |
As shown in Table 6, the yield of capsicum and the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency are relevant, lack biology in the fertilizer of 3 groups of processing 2 and processing
Charcoal and EM bacterium, cause the utilization rate of fertilizer efficiency low, and the charcoal base manure handled in 2 is based on NPK, adds biomass
Carbon and EM bacterium, can effectively improve soil physics structure and micropopulation structure, effectively strengthen the gas permeability of soil and retain water and nutrients energy
Power；By making soil be combined with nutriment, so as to make nutritional ingredient be maintained at topsoil, while improve plant root
Absorbability, both combine the ability that can strengthen crop absorption nutrition to a greater extent, and then improve the yield and product of capsicum
Matter.
Above-described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Tool described herein
Body embodiment is used only for the parsing present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.It is common based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area
All other embodiment that technical staff is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belong to what the present invention protected
Scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of charcoal base manure for improving Quality of Capsicum, it is characterised in that the charcoal base manure formula includes the raw material of following mass parts：
7~14 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 18~28 parts of potassium nitrate, 19~37 parts of saleratus, 1~5 part of calcium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride 7~16
Part, 1~5 part of EM bacterium, 10~15 parts of Crop Root stem, 13~17 parts of plant ash, 13~17 parts of argol, 5~10 parts of saccharomycete.
2. charcoal base manure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the charcoal base manure formula includes the original of following mass parts
Material：9~12 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 20~24 parts of potassium nitrate, 25~32 parts of saleratus, 2~4 parts of calcium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride 9~
12 parts, 2~4 parts of EM bacterium, 11~14 parts of Crop Root stem, 14~16 parts of plant ash, 14~16 parts of argol, saccharomycete 6~8
Part.
3. charcoal base manure according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the charcoal base manure formula includes the original of following mass parts
Material：11 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 22 parts of potassium nitrate, 28 parts of saleratus, 3 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 11 parts of magnesium chloride, 3 parts of EM bacterium, farming
12 parts of thing rhizome portion, 15 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of argol, 7 parts of saccharomycete.
4. the charcoal base manure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that the Crop Root stem is crops
The rhizome portion stubble thrown aside after harvesting agricultural product agricultural product.
5. the charcoal base manure according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the formula also includes iron, boron, molybdenum, manganese
In one or more trace element composition inorganic salts, its mass parts be 1~2 part.
A kind of 6. method of the charcoal base manure prepared as described in Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that the preparation method include with
Lower step：
(1) prepared by organic matter fertilizer：
A, argol is carried out into drying ensures thorough drying；
B, composition in step A is thoroughly crushed, adds in composting device, carry out after being well mixed after addition plant ash and saccharomycete
The compost fermentation of 2~10 days, and turning is periodically carried out, to ensure humidity and temperature stabilization；
C, after compost fermentation terminates, after compost product is dried, crushing is standby, obtains organic matter fertilizer；(2) activation of EM bacterium
A：EM bacterium stoste, sucrose and water are taken by 1:1:After 8 ratio mixing, activation fermentation 2~5 days is carried out after sealing, in this phase
Between keep periodically carrying out fully rocking mixing, and discharge fermentation gas, control pH to reach 3~4, obtain activation culture liquid；
B：Activation culture liquid, sucrose and water are taken, by 1:1:After the mixing of 9 ratios, it is again sealed off being enlarged culture, this number of days is
4~8 days, the same A of remaining fermentation step, control pH reached 3~4, and obtained nutrient solution is required EM bacterium annex solutions；
(3) preparation of biomass carbon：
A, thoroughly crushed after Crop Root stem being carried out into preliminary air-dry；
B, the Crop Root stem powder of crushing is dried, control water content is less than 10%；
The Crop Root stem powder of drying is carried out to the preheating and drying of 2 hours, continue thereafter with and be warming up to more than 250 DEG C and carry out C,
1~3 hour of charing process, taken out after temperature is cooled to room temperature；
D, the Crop Root stem powder after charing process is ground crushing, until reach the fineness degree of 70~90 mesh sieves,
Biomass carbon as of the present invention；
(4) preparation of finished product fertilizer：
A, by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride and other micro- inorganic salts, add in mixing arrangement and stir by proportioning
Mix mixing, it is ensured that powder is thoroughly mixed, and occurs without agglomerating blocking, obtains mineral salt compositions；
B, maintain the temperature at 30~35 DEG C and add EM bacterium annex solution fermentation 2~4 days, obtain mixed fermentation liquid；
C, mixed toward the biomass carbon of preparation in addition step (3) in mixed fermentation liquid, tune pH after being 6~6.5, obtain basic charcoal
Base manure；
D, it is mixed into saleratus after finally basic charcoal base manure is air-dried, calcium bicarbonate obtains finished product charcoal base manure.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (1) B, the composting fermentation process
Parameter is：Overall process holding heap temperature is 40~45% in 45~55 DEG C, heap body water content.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (3) B, Crop Root stem powder
Drying temperature should be maintained at 70~90 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that in step (3) C, carry out the preheating and drying it
Before, liter in 0.5~1.5 hour should be maintained at and be to slowly warm up to 200~245 DEG C.
10. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that, should during the charing process in step (3) C
At 300~600 DEG C, and anaerobic environment is kept to carry out.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111943765A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-17 | 云南威鑫农业科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of environment-friendly biochar-based fertilizer capable of being continuously produced |
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Application publication date: 20171212 |