CN107409668A - A kind of implantation methods of potato - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107409668A CN107409668A CN201710237944.4A CN201710237944A CN107409668A CN 107409668 A CN107409668 A CN 107409668A CN 201710237944 A CN201710237944 A CN 201710237944A CN 107409668 A CN107409668 A CN 107409668A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of potato；Comprise the following steps：Potato seed processing, plantation, top dressing, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；The potato planting method of the present invention, it is simple to operate, in whole planting process, in the premise for not influenceing yield and quality, the addition of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer is preferably minimized, fundamentally reduces the pollution effect to potato, so as to ensure that the health and safety of potato, so that the potato planted out is more healthy nuisanceless without harmful substance, non agricultural chemical residuums such as nitrite.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of potato.
Background technology
Potato is the fourth-largest cereal crops in the world, potato and its product as many countries in the area such as America and Europe, Africa
Major Foods, enjoy consumer to like, in China, potato is mainly used for eating dish use, starch material, feedstuff raw
Deng, the processing with leisure food such as potato chips, mashed potatoes causes, potato total amount has increased, also cause potato in China
Cultivated area constantly expands.
Potato tubers about contains 20% dry, and dry is mainly made up of starch, also containing a small amount of protein,
Dietary fiber, vitamin, mineral matter etc., the form of potato storage energy is entirely almost starch, and potato protein must ammonia
Base acid content is high, and nutritive value is high, rich in lysine, the defects of this point just can overcome the disadvantages that the staple food grains such as rice, wheat, and potato
Or the extraordinary source of multivitamin and mineral matter, such as vitamin C, folic acid, vitamin B6, potassium, potato tubers
In also contain some small molecule complexes, including polyphenol, flavones, anthocyanidin, alkaloid, carotenoid, in potato tubers also
Containing several protease inhibitors, the activity of trypsase, chymotrypsin and other protease can be suppressed, can be used to losing weight, in advance
Anti- and treatment thrombotic diseases and cancer, have antithrombotic and antineoplastic action, have potential application value, be daily life
The material of medicine-food two-purpose in work.
One of the long-term cropping of potato as Chinese tradition, there is abundant nutrition, be the food that people prefer,
But at present in the plantation of potato, grower is more for the lifting devoted exclusive attention to output, to chemical fertilizer and indiscriminate use of pesticide,
The harmful substance severe overweight such as persticide residue, heavy metal, nitrite seriously is result in, greatly endangers the strong of people
Health, on the premise of the current potato market demand is huge, how on the premise of yield is ensured, plant out non-harmful health
Potato, it is the problem of current strategic point is to be solved.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of implantation methods of potato.
Realized particular by following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
15~20min of saline sook is first used, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 20~30g/ blocks, section is immersed in culture
In liquid, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, mixed with seed dressing, obtain potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Honey 15~20, VC6~12, Quercetin 2~
5th, compound Chinese medicine extract solution 15~20,5- nitroguaiacol sodium salts 12~18, potassium sulfate 10~15, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2~6, more
Dimension 1~3, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 8~12, content be 20~30% glucose solution 45~50,0.065~0.085% salt solution 25~
35；
(2) plant：Take deep 50~60cm on planting site, wide 30~40cm hole, often cheat the bottom for inserting 20~30kg
Material, backfilled with earth cover 3~4cm, and potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2~3 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward,
And backfilled with earth is covered to hole and filled up, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 20~30cm in ridge, 15~20cm of row spacing, pour water penetration；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu 200~300kg of fertilising, treat
Potato seed Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 50~80kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 80~120kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 30~40, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15~
25th, urea 8~12, general calcium 10~15, river silt 12~18, earthworm powder 10~15, fowl and animal excrement 20~30, marc 10~20,
Biogas slurry 40~50, Chinese medicine slag 20~30；
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 20~30, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12~
18th, multidimensional 2~4, more ore deposits 2~4, plant ash infusion 20~30, fowl and animal excrement infusion 15~25, vegetable oil 1~4, fish raw meat
Grass 15~20, peppermint 12~18, kuh-seng 8~12, Mozzie buster 12~18, clay 1~2；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 8~12, pomelo peel 12~
18th, kuh-seng 12~18, Verbena officinalis 8~12, peppermint 15~20, oldenlandia diffusa 6~9, the fruit of summer cypress 5~8, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 2~4, second
Acid 6~12.
Described salt solution, its concentration are 6~8%, and temperature is 28~33 DEG C.
Described compound Chinese medicine extract solution, it is by mass mixings such as the root of kudzu vine, myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbatas, adds water to endure
Boil, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h, reclaim ethanol, obtain residual solution, you can.
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.4~0.6: 0.3~0.5 mass ratio, dries
It is dry, crush, adding 20~40% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality, mixing thoroughly.
Described planting site, before potato seed sowing, by soil deep tillage, at the same by 120~160kg/ mus amount by modifying agent
Add, mix thoroughly, wherein, modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 12~18, land plaster 8~12, tea
Cake 15~25, humic acid 10~15, legume flour 8~12.
Described legume flour, it is after the fruit harvesting by legume, its root is dug out, drying and crushing is made.
Described bed material, it is by 1.5~2.5: 0.3~0.5 by decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil：0.1~0.2:
0.6~0.8 mass ratio mixing.
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, its preparation method, it is by river silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag
Mixing, at 35~40 DEG C, relative humidity is fermented in the environment of being 35~45%, after one week, by fermentation material and potassium sulfate, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, urea and general calcium mixing, are mixed thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, its preparation method, it is to mix cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster, adds water to cook, mistake
Filter, filtrate is concentrated, and adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 12~15h, is reclaimed ethanol, is obtained residual solution, adds sulphur
Sour potassium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, mistake
Filter, filtrate is cooled to normal temperature, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
Described medicament, its preparation method, it is by pomelo peel, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and the fruit of summer cypress
Mixing, is added water to cook, and filters, filter residue is added water to cook, and in triplicate, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, adds concentrate matter
Amount 15~20% hydrochloric acid, stir 35~45min after, regulation pH value be 7~8, add 5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and
Acetic acid, mix thoroughly, load watering can.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：The potato planting method of the present invention, it is simple to operate, whole
In planting process, in the premise for not influenceing yield and quality, the addition of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer is preferably minimized, fundamentally subtracted
The pollution effect to potato is lacked, so as to ensure that the health and safety of potato so that the potato planted out is free of nitrous
The harmful substances such as hydrochlorate, non agricultural chemical residuum are more healthy nuisanceless.
Wherein,
Bed material and soil are effectively mixed, on the one hand required nutrition effectively can be provided for potato,
On the other hand it can also improve the fertilizer of soil, provide nutrition foundation for the product plantation of lower season, adjusted by decomposed fertilizer and fertile soil
Soil acidity or alkalinity, through experimental results demonstrate, PH in 6~7 growths for being advantageous to potato, absorb nutrition, stalk and husk add
Add the space increased in soil, ensure that the oxygen content of soil, effectively facilitate, meanwhile, before plantation, also by modifying agent to soil
Earth is improved, and improves soil fertilizer, moreover it is possible to which the safe and non-toxic worm's ovum by soil is killed, and ensures the peace of potato tubers
Entirely.
2nd, in the selection of potato seed, first with finite concentration saline sook, the worm for being attached to potato epidermis is effectively killed
Ovum, pathogeny is prevented so that the potato of plantation is more nuisanceless, and then, potato is cultivated, first, can promote Ma Ling
The healing of potato section wound, moreover it is possible to the nutrition of abundance is provided for potato, has individual accumulation to nutrition, is effectively promoted the thin of potato seed
Born of the same parents break up, and are advantageous to the development of bud head, then the seed dressing being made up of Chinese medicine and nutrients, stem tuber is dressed seed, ensure that block
The development of stem and plantation safety.
3rd, by applying rhizosphere fertilizer before blooming, Post flowering applies foliar fertilizer and rhizosphere fertilizer, for the battalion needed for potato supplement growth
Material is supported, instead of the way for using chemical fertilizer in different times in the past, avoids the infringement to seedling of applying fertilizer early stage, also can be
Later stage ensures the fertilizer that potato each several part fully absorbs to nutrition, and the present invention uses, using scientific and reasonable n-p-k ratio
Example, and the material that Chinese medicine etc. is nutritious, it is most to instead of traditional fertilizer so that the potato planted out is more healthy
It is nuisanceless.
4th, the present invention sprays medicament to potato, has effectively killed pathogen and infection, protect in different growth periods
The safety growth of potato is demonstrate,proved, meanwhile, the medicament being prepared into using Chinese herbal medicine and a small amount of agricultural chemicals, effect is more obvious, to leaf
Face has prolonged adhesive rate, extends the drug effect of medicament, because the dosage of agricultural chemicals is seldom so that the potato of later stage plantation
There is no residues of pesticides, but possess the effect of good deinsectization sterilization, meanwhile, the beneficiating ingredient in Chinese medicine, such as amino acid, ore deposit
Material etc. can also promote the growth of potato.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited in these realities
Mode is applied, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention
Scope.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
It is 6% with concentration, temperature is 28 DEG C of saline sook 15min, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 20g/ blocks, will cut
Face is immersed in nutrient solution, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, is mixed with seed dressing, is obtained potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is honey 15kg, VC6kg, Quercetin 2kg, compound
Chinese medicine extract 15kg, 5- nitroguaiacol sodium salt 12kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg, multidimensional 1kg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
8kg, glucose solution 45kg, the 0.065% salt solution 25kg that content is 20%；Wherein compound Chinese medicine extract solution, be by the root of kudzu vine,
The mass mixings such as myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h, return
Ethanol is received, obtains residual solution, you can；
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.4: 0.3 mass ratio, dries, crush,
20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality is added, is mixed thoroughly；
(2) plant：Before potato seed sowing, modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 120kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly,
Naturally after placing one week, deep 50cm is taken on planting site, the bed material for inserting 20kg is often cheated in wide 30cm hole, and backfilled with earth covers
3cm is covered, potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled with earth is covered to hole and filled out
It is full, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 20cm in ridge, row spacing 15cm, pour water penetration；
Modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 12kg, land plaster kg, tea cake 15kg, humic
Sour 10kg, legume flour 8kg；Wherein, described legume flour, after being the fruit harvesting by legume, by its root
Dig out, drying and crushing is made；
Described bed material, it is to mix decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil by 1.5: 0.3: 0.1: 0.6 mass ratio
Close；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu fertilising 200kg, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 50kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 80kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 30, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15, urea 8,
General calcium 10, river silt 12, earthworm powder 10, fowl and animal excrement 20, marc 10, biogas slurry 40, Chinese medicine slag 20；By river silt, earthworm powder, poultry
Excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag mixing, at 35 DEG C, relative humidity is fermented in the environment of being 35%, will after one week
Fermentation material mixes with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixes thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg, more
Tie up 2kg, more ore deposit 2kg, plant ash infusion 20kg, fowl and animal excrement infusion 15kg, vegetable oil 1kg, cordate houttuynia 15kg, peppermint
12kg, kuh-seng 8kg, Mozzie buster 12kg, clay 1kg；Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, is filtered,
Filtrate is concentrated, adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 12h, ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, add potassium sulfate, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, filtering, by filtrate
Normal temperature is cooled to, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 8kg, pomelo peel 12kg, hardship
Join 12kg, Verbena officinalis 8kg, peppermint 15kg, oldenlandia diffusa 6kg, fruit of summer cypress 5kg, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 2kg, acetic acid 6kg；By pomelo peel,
Kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and fruit of summer cypress mixing, add water to cook, filter, filter residue is added water to cook, repeat three
It is secondary, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, add 15~20% hydrochloric acid of concentrate quality, after stirring 35~45min, regulation
PH value is 7~8, adds 5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
It is 8% with concentration, temperature is 33 DEG C of saline sook 20min, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 30g/ blocks, will cut
Face is immersed in nutrient solution, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, is mixed with seed dressing, is obtained potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Honey 20kg, VC12kg, Quercetin 5kg, answer
Close Chinese medicine extract 20kg, 5- nitroguaiacol sodium salt 18kg, potassium sulfate 1kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 6kg, multidimensional 3kg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
12kg, glucose solution 50kg, the 0.085% salt solution 35kg that content is 30%；Wherein compound Chinese medicine extract solution, it is by Pueraria lobota
The mass mixings such as root, myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h,
Ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, you can；
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.6: 0.5 mass ratio, dries, crush,
40% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality is added, is mixed thoroughly；
(2) plant：Before potato seed sowing, modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 160kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly,
Naturally after placing one week, deep 60cm is taken on planting site, the bed material for inserting 30kg is often cheated in wide 40cm hole, and backfilled with earth covers
3~4cm of lid, potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2~3 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled with earth covers
Filled up to hole, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 30cm in ridge, row spacing 20cm, pour water penetration；
Modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 18kg, land plaster 12kg, tea cake 25kg, corruption
Grow sour 15kg, legume flour 12kg；Wherein, described legume flour, after being the fruit harvesting by legume, by its root
Portion is dug out, and drying and crushing is made；
Described bed material, it is to mix decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil by 2.5: 0.5: 0.2: 0.8 mass ratio
Close；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu fertilising 300kg, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 80kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 120kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 40kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25kg, urine
Plain 12kg, general calcium 15kg, river silt 18kg, earthworm powder 15kg, fowl and animal excrement 30kg, marc 20kg, biogas slurry 50kg, Chinese medicine slag
30kg；River silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag are mixed, at 40 DEG C, relative humidity is 45% ring
Fermented under border, after one week, fermentation material is mixed with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixed thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 30kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 18kg, more
Tie up 4kg, more ore deposit 4kg, plant ash infusion 30kg, fowl and animal excrement infusion 25kg, vegetable oil 4kg, cordate houttuynia 20kg, peppermint
18kg, kuh-seng 12kg, Mozzie buster 18kg, clay 2kg；Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, mistake
Filter, filtrate is concentrated, and adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 15h, is reclaimed ethanol, is obtained residual solution, add potassium sulfate,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, filtering, it will filter
Liquid is cooled to normal temperature, adds vegetable oil, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 12kg, pomelo peel 18kg, hardship
Join 18kg, Verbena officinalis 12kg, peppermint 20kg, oldenlandia diffusa 9kg, fruit of summer cypress 8kg, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 4kg, acetic acid 12kg；By shaddock
Skin, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and fruit of summer cypress mixing, add water to cook, filter, filter residue is added water to cook, repeat
Three times, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, adds 20% hydrochloric acid of concentrate quality, after stirring 45min, regulation pH value is
8,5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid are added, is mixed thoroughly, loads watering can.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
It is 7% with concentration, temperature is 31 DEG C of saline sook 18min, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 25g/ blocks, will cut
Face is immersed in nutrient solution, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, is mixed with seed dressing, is obtained potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is honey 18kg, VC9kg, Quercetin 3kg, compound
Chinese medicine extract 18kg, 5- nitroguaiacol sodium salt 15kg, potassium sulfate 13kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 4kg, multidimensional 2kg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
10kg, glucose solution 48kg, the 0.072% salt solution 30kg that content is 25%；Wherein compound Chinese medicine extract solution, it is by Pueraria lobota
The mass mixings such as root, myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h,
Ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, you can；
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.5: 0.4 mass ratio, dries, crush,
30% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality is added, is mixed thoroughly；
(2) plant：Before potato seed sowing, modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 140kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly,
Naturally after placing one week, deep 55cm is taken on planting site, wide 35m hole, often cheats the bed material for inserting 25kg, backfilled with earth covering
3~4cm, by potato seed by it is every hole 2~3 pieces density staggeredly be put into hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled with earth cover to
Hole is filled up, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 25m in ridge, row spacing 18cm, pours water penetration；
Modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 15kg, land plaster 10kg, tea cake 20kg, corruption
Grow sour 13kg, legume flour 10kg；Wherein, described legume flour, after being the fruit harvesting by legume, by its root
Portion is dug out, and drying and crushing is made；
Described bed material, it is to mix decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil by 2: 0.4: 0.15: 0.7 mass ratio；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu fertilising 250kg, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 650kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 100kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 35kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 20kg, urine
Plain 10kg, general calcium 13kg, river silt 15kg, earthworm powder 13kg, fowl and animal excrement 25kg, marc 15kg, biogas slurry 45kg, Chinese medicine slag
25kg；River silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag are mixed, at 38 DEG C, relative humidity is 40% ring
Fermented under border, after one week, fermentation material is mixed with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixed thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 25kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15kg, more
Tie up 3kg, more ore deposit 3kg, plant ash infusion 25kg, fowl and animal excrement infusion 20kg, vegetable oil 3kg, cordate houttuynia 1kg, peppermint
15kg, kuh-seng 10kg, Mozzie buster 15kg, clay 1.5kg；Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, mistake
Filter, filtrate is concentrated, and adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 12~15h, is reclaimed ethanol, is obtained residual solution, adds sulphur
Sour potassium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, mistake
Filter, filtrate is cooled to normal temperature, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 10kg, pomelo peel 15kg, hardship
Join 15kg, Verbena officinalis 10kg, peppermint 18kg, oldenlandia diffusa 8kg, fruit of summer cypress 7kg, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 3kg, acetic acid 9kg；By shaddock
Skin, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and fruit of summer cypress mixing, add water to cook, filter, filter residue is added water to cook, repeat
Three times, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, adds 18% hydrochloric acid of concentrate quality, after stirring 40min, regulation pH value is
7,5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid are added, is mixed thoroughly, loads watering can.
Embodiment 4
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
It is 6% with concentration, temperature is 28 DEG C of saline sook 20min, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 30g/ blocks, will cut
Face is immersed in nutrient solution, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, is mixed with seed dressing, is obtained potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is honey 15kg, VC6kg, Quercetin 5kg, compound
Chinese medicine extract 20kg, 5- nitroguaiacol sodium salt 12kg, potassium sulfate 10kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 6kg, multidimensional 3kg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
8kg, glucose solution 50kg, the 0.085% salt solution 25kg that content is 20%；Wherein compound Chinese medicine extract solution, be by the root of kudzu vine,
The mass mixings such as myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h, return
Ethanol is received, obtains residual solution, you can；
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.4: 0.5 mass ratio, dries, crush,
20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality is added, is mixed thoroughly；
(2) plant：Before potato seed sowing, modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 160kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly,
Naturally after placing one week, deep 50cm is taken on planting site, the bed material for inserting 20kg is often cheated in wide 40cm hole, and backfilled with earth covers
3~4cm of lid, potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2~3 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled with earth covers
Filled up to hole, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 30cm in ridge, row spacing 15cm, pour water penetration；
Modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 12kg, land plaster 8kg, tea cake 25kg, humic
Sour 15kg, legume flour 8kg；Wherein, described legume flour, after being the fruit harvesting by legume, by its root
Dig out, drying and crushing is made；
Described bed material, it is to mix decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil by 1.5: 0.3: 0.2: 0.8 mass ratio
Close；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu fertilising 200kg, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 50kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 120kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 30kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15kg, urine
Plain 12kg, general calcium 15kg, river silt 12kg, earthworm powder 15kg, fowl and animal excrement 20kg, marc 10kg, biogas slurry 50kg, Chinese medicine slag
30kg；River silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag are mixed, at 35 DEG C, relative humidity is 35% ring
Fermented under border, after one week, fermentation material is mixed with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixed thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 20kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12kg, more
Tie up 4kg, more ore deposit 2kg, plant ash infusion 20kg, fowl and animal excrement infusion 15kg, vegetable oil 1kg, cordate houttuynia 20kg, peppermint
12kg, kuh-seng 8kg, Mozzie buster 18kg, clay 1kg；Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, is filtered,
Filtrate is concentrated, adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 12h, ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, add potassium sulfate, phosphorus
Acid dihydride potassium, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, filtering, by filtrate
Normal temperature is cooled to, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 8kg, pomelo peel 12kg, hardship
Join 18kg, Verbena officinalis 12kg, peppermint 15kg, oldenlandia diffusa 6kg, fruit of summer cypress 8kg, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 4kg, acetic acid 6kg；By shaddock
Skin, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and fruit of summer cypress mixing, add water to cook, filter, filter residue is added water to cook, repeat
Three times, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, adds 15% hydrochloric acid of concentrate quality, after stirring 35min, regulation pH value is
7,5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid are added, is mixed thoroughly, loads watering can.
Embodiment 5
A kind of implantation methods of potato, comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, the full potato of potato meat,
It is 8% with concentration, temperature is 33 DEG C of saline sook 15min, pulls out and drains, potato is cut into the stem tuber of 20g/ blocks, will cut
Face is immersed in nutrient solution, after stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, is mixed with seed dressing, is obtained potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Honey 20kg, VC12kg, Quercetin 2kg, answer
Close Chinese medicine extract 15kg, 5- nitroguaiacol sodium salt 18kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2kg, multidimensional 1kg, methyl α-naphthyl acetate
12kg, glucose solution 45kg, the 0.065% salt solution 35kg that content is 30%；Wherein compound Chinese medicine extract solution, it is by Pueraria lobota
The mass mixings such as root, myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, after adding ethanol immersion 24h,
Ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, you can；
Described seed dressing, it is to mix stone-like omphalia, cape jasmine and garlic by 1: 0.4: 0.3 mass ratio, dries, crush,
20% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of mixing quality is added, is mixed thoroughly；
(2) plant：Before potato seed sowing, modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 120kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly,
Naturally after placing one week, deep 60cm is taken on planting site, the bed material for inserting 20kg is often cheated in wide 40cm hole, and backfilled with earth covers
3~4cm of lid, potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2~3 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled with earth covers
Filled up to hole, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 30cm in ridge, row spacing 15cm, pour water penetration；
Modifying agent is made up of following raw material by weight：Stone-like omphalia powder 12kg, land plaster 8kg, tea cake 25kg, humic
Sour 15kg, legume flour 10kg；Wherein, described legume flour, after being the fruit harvesting by legume, by its root
Dig out, drying and crushing is made；
Described bed material, it is to mix decomposed fertilizer, powder of straw, husk, fertile soil by 1.5: 0.3: 0.2: 0.7 mass ratio
Close；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu fertilising 300kg, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 80kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 80kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 40kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25kg, urine
Plain 8kg, general calcium 10kg, river silt 18kg, earthworm powder 15kg, fowl and animal excrement 20kg, marc 10kg, biogas slurry 50kg, Chinese medicine slag
30kg；River silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag are mixed, at 35 DEG C, relative humidity is 45% ring
Fermented under border, after one week, fermentation material is mixed with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixed thoroughly.
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 30kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 18kg, more
Tie up 2kg, more ore deposit 3kg, plant ash infusion 30kg, fowl and animal excrement infusion 15kg, vegetable oil 4kg, cordate houttuynia 20kg, peppermint
12kg, kuh-seng 12kg, Mozzie buster 18kg, clay 2kg；Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, mistake
Filter, filtrate is concentrated, and adds the ethanol of 5 times of quality of concentrate, after extracting 12~15h, is reclaimed ethanol, is obtained residual solution, adds sulphur
Sour potassium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash infusion, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, mistake
Filter, filtrate is cooled to normal temperature, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, its
In, do not spray medicament in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 12kg, pomelo peel 18kg, hardship
Join 12kg, Verbena officinalis 8kg, peppermint 20kg, oldenlandia diffusa 9kg, fruit of summer cypress 5kg, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 4kg, acetic acid 12kg；By shaddock
Skin, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and fruit of summer cypress mixing, add water to cook, filter, filter residue is added water to cook, repeat
Three times, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, adds 15% hydrochloric acid of concentrate quality, after stirring 45min, regulation pH value is 7
~8,5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid are added, is mixed thoroughly, loads watering can.
Experimental example
1st, the per mu yield of this season of the potato of 1~5 kind of plant of embodiment is counted, as a result as shown in table 1：
Table 1
2nd, the chemical fertilizer and residues of pesticides of the potato of this season of the potato of 1~5 kind of embodiment plant are measured, with
The potato of conventional method plantation is as control, the power for representing to remain with "+", wherein ,+residual is indicated, ++ represent residual
Amount increases, and by that analogy, arrives +++ ++ when, the agricultural product residual quantity severe overweight is represented, wherein "+" represents to meet country to agriculture
The residue criterion of product, the expression of the above do not meet national standard, as a result as shown in table 2：
Table 2
| Project | Fertilizer residue | Residues of pesticides |
| Embodiment 1 | + | Nothing |
| Embodiment 2 | + | + |
| Embodiment 3 | Nothing | Nothing |
| Embodiment 4 | + | + |
| Embodiment 5 | Nothing | + |
| Control group | +++ | ++ |
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) potato seed is handled：In the potato of previous year harvesting, selection has no mechanical damage, and the full potato of potato meat, first uses
15~20min of saline sook, is pulled out and drains, and potato is cut into the stem tuber of 20~30g/ blocks, section is immersed in nutrient solution,
After stem tuber exposes 2~3 bud heads, mixed with seed dressing, obtain potato seed；
Described nutrient solution, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is honey 15~20, VC6~12, Quercetin 2~5, multiple
Conjunction Chinese medicine extract 15~20,5- nitroguaiacol sodium salts 12~18, potassium sulfate 10~15, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2~6, multidimensional 1~
3rd, methyl α-naphthyl acetate 8~12, the salt solution 25~35 for the glucose solution 45~50,0.065~0.085% that content is 20~30%；
(2) plant：Take deep 50~60cm on planting site, wide 30~40cm hole, often cheat the bed material for inserting 20~30kg, return
Fillered soil 3~4cm of covering, and potato seed is staggeredly put into hole by the density in every 2~3 pieces of hole, by the bud head of stem tuber upward, and backfilled
Soil is covered to hole and filled up, and the ridging centered on hole, the high 20~30cm in ridge, 15~20cm of row spacing, pours water penetration；
(3) top dressing：Including rhizosphere fertilizer, foliar fertilizer, before potato seed is bloomed, apply rhizosphere fertilizer, mu 200~300kg of fertilising, treat potato seed
Post flowering, top dressing rhizosphere fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, wherein rhizosphere fertilizer mu apply 50~80kg, and foliar fertilizer mu applies 80~120kg；
Described rhizosphere fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：Potassium sulfate 30~40, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15~25, urine
Element 8~12, general calcium 10~15, river silt 12~18, earthworm powder 10~15, fowl and animal excrement 20~30, marc 10~20, biogas slurry 40
~50, Chinese medicine slag 20~30；
Described foliar fertilizer, it is made up of following raw material by weight：It is potassium sulfate 20~30, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12~18, more
Dimension 2~4, more ore deposits 2~4, plant ash infusion 20~30, fowl and animal excrement infusion 15~25, vegetable oil 1~4, cordate houttuynia 15~
20th, peppermint 12~18, kuh-seng 8~12, Mozzie buster 12~18, clay 1~2；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：The Seedling Stage in potato growth, tiller phase, knot potato phase spray a medicament respectively, wherein,
Medicament is not sprayed in rice shoot SPRING WHEAT BEFORE AND AFTER FLOWERING 15d；
Described medicament, it is made up of following raw material by weight：5% imidacloprid emulsion 8~12, pomelo peel 12~18, hardship
Ginseng 12~18, Verbena officinalis 8~12, peppermint 15~20, oldenlandia diffusa 6~9, the fruit of summer cypress 5~8, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 2~4, acetic acid 6~
12。
2. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described salt solution, its concentration are 6~8%,
Temperature is 28~33 DEG C.
3. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described compound Chinese medicine extract solution, be by
The mass mixings such as the root of kudzu vine, myrrh, Chinese violet, Sculellaria barbata, add water infusion, filter, filtrate is concentrated, add ethanol immersion 24h
Afterwards, ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, you can.
4. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described seed dressing, be by stone-like omphalia, Cape jasmine
Son and garlic are mixed by 1: 0.4~0.6: 0.3~0.5 mass ratio, are dried, are crushed, and are adding the 20~40% of mixing quality
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mix thoroughly.
5. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described planting site, before potato seed sowing,
Modifying agent is added by soil deep tillage, while by the amount of 120~160kg/ mus, mixed thoroughly, wherein, modifying agent be by it is following by weight
The raw material composition of part meter：Stone-like omphalia powder 12~18, land plaster 8~12, tea cake 15~25, humic acid 10~15, legume flour 8~
12。
6. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described legume flour, be by pulse family
After the fruit harvesting of plant, its root is dug out, drying and crushing is made.
7. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described bed material, be by decomposed fertilizer, stalk
Powder, husk, fertile soil are mixed by 1.5~2.5: 0.3~0.5: 0.1~0.2: 0.6~0.8 mass ratio.
8. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described rhizosphere fertilizer, its preparation method, be
River silt, earthworm powder, fowl and animal excrement, marc, biogas slurry and Chinese medicine slag are mixed, at 35~40 DEG C, relative humidity is 35~45%
In the environment of fermented, after one week, fermentation material is mixed with potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea and general calcium, mixed thoroughly.
9. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described foliar fertilizer, its preparation method, be
Cordate houttuynia, peppermint, kuh-seng and Mozzie buster are mixed, added water to cook, filters, filtrate is concentrated, adds the second of 5 times of quality of concentrate
Alcohol, after extracting 12~15h, ethanol is reclaimed, obtains residual solution, adds potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, multidimensional, more ore deposits, plant ash water logging
Liquid, fowl and animal excrement infusion and clay, after being heated to boiling, filtering, filtrate is cooled to normal temperature, vegetable oil is added, mixes thoroughly, is filled
Enter watering can.
10. the implantation methods of potato as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described medicament, its preparation method, be
Pomelo peel, kuh-seng, Verbena officinalis, peppermint, oldenlandia diffusa and the fruit of summer cypress are mixed, added water to cook, is filtered, by filter residue plus decocting
Boil, in triplicate, filtrate three times is merged, concentration, 15~20% hydrochloric acid of addition concentrate quality, stirring 35~
After 45min, regulation pH value is 7~8, adds 5% imidacloprid emulsion, S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate and acetic acid, mixes thoroughly, loads watering can.
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