CN107371694A - A kind of cultural method of potato - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371694A CN107371694A CN201710586478.0A CN201710586478A CN107371694A CN 107371694 A CN107371694 A CN 107371694A CN 201710586478 A CN201710586478 A CN 201710586478A CN 107371694 A CN107371694 A CN 107371694A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method of potato, is related to technical field of vegetable cultivation, the cultural method of potato comprises the following steps：(1) variety selection；(2) potato seed is handled；(3) presoaking and germinating；(4) selection of land site preparation；(5) sow；(6) field management；(7) harvest.The present invention solves the problems, such as the potato of the cultivation method of existing potato there is incidence of disease height, poor quality and yielded poorly.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of potato.
Background technology
The plantation history of potato is more long, but the potato yield for planting out with traditional planting technology is averagely every
The problems such as pest and disease damage is more, quality is bad be present, cause in mu 3000kg or so, the potato planted with existing implantation methods in addition
Potato yield is difficult to obtain new breakthrough, further, since potato seed, chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals input it is larger, not only economic benefit is low, and
And also make soil deterioration, destroyed ecological environment.
Therefore, there is the incidence of disease is high, poor quality and yields poorly for the potato of the cultivation method of existing potato
Problem, turn into the problem of in the urgent need to address in the cultivation of current potato.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the potato of the cultivation method of existing potato there is incidence of disease height, poor quality and yield poorly
The problem of, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of potato, pass through the horse of the cultivation method of the potato
Bell potato has the advantages of disease resistance is strong, quality better and yield are high.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of cultural method of potato, comprises the following steps：
(1) variety selection：Selection should select the detoxification that precocity, good quality and high output, wide adaptability, disease resistance are strong, commodity is good
Potato Cultivars；
(2) potato seed is handled：Potato seed is subjected to warm seeds, is kept for 15-20 DEG C, grows bud point through 20-30d potato seeds, warm seeds are terminated
Kind can be cut, kind of requirement is cut and is carried out under the conditions of ventilation, shady and cool, dry, without sunlight exposure environment, carrying out stripping and slicing with cutting knife causes
Monolithic weight is 20-25g, against eye edge, potato wedge is cut into triangle, every piece of guarantee has 1-2 eye, switches to disease potato
When to reject；
(3) presoaking and germinating：Potato wedge is immersed in 0.002-0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5-15g70% agricultures immediately after cutting kind
It is watered with streptomysin in the aqueous solution that 50kg is mixed, is picked up after 5-6s.
(4) selection of land site preparation：The soil that the soil is porous for selection, good permeability, moistening and organic matter are abundant, every mu of application are decomposed
Organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 90-100kg, plough deeply and rake, then every mu applies soil conditioner 30-
40kg is shallow to plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
Zeolite powder 3-5 parts, ferrous sulfate 4-5 parts, medical stone powder 15-20 parts, ground phosphate rock 4-5 parts, perlite 3-5 parts, shrimp
Shell powder 3-4 parts, peat 2-3 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate 1-2 parts, astragalus polyose 0.1-0.2 parts, bumps
Rod soil 3-7 parts, turf 6-10 parts, cow dung 15-19 parts, rice straw powder 5-9 parts, peanut dregs of fat 3-9 parts, powdered rice hulls 5-23 parts,
Bentonite 3-11 parts and water 15-23 parts；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner,
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed, zeolite powder and medical stone powder is added, is heated to 70-80 DEG C, continue to be stirred to
Water is done, and adds other raw materials in addition to astragalus polyose, and 4-5h is stacked in mixing at room temperature, adds astragalus polyose, stirs,
Drying, it is granulated, produces soil conditioner；
(5) sow：Full film double-furrow sowing planting is used using artificial dibbling, row spacing is ditched for 70cm, ditch depth 10-12cm,
Organic fertilizer and insecticide in ditch, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, depth of planting 9-11cm, it is desirable to sow, earthing, suppression are worked continuously；
(6) field management：Seedling, topdressing and watering are put including rupture of membranes and change control；
(7) harvest：In most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, then reaching withered and yellow, underground stem tuber reaches physiological maturity state,
Recovery process is carried out, the harvesting selection fine day morning is carried out, and used tool will clean, be hygienic, be pollution-free.
Preferably, cutting knife with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings, avoids in step (2) the potato seed processing
The propagation of disease.
Preferably, the potato wedge picked up in step (3) presoaking and germinating need to also dry moisture in 1h, prevent potato wedge from becoming
Matter.
Preferably, step (6) field management also includes artificial weeding, reduces weeds to sunlight, moisture and nutrition member
The absorption of element, safeguard the nutrient supply of potato.
Preferably, field inspection is carried out before when rupture of membranes puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9 in step (6) field management
Look into, timely rupture of membranes, avoid scalding seedling, if table soil is dried, should water in time, in order to avoid influence emergence.
Preferably, topdressing and watering is timely in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil, humidity deficit in step (6) field management
Moisturizing, 8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings after emergence, every mu is applied Modified Urea 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, after seed deeplying and cover shallowlying watering
Grown with seedling and carry out cultivation and banking, whole growing process is unable to water shortage, pays attention to that ridge top can not be overflow during watering, 5-7d stops before harvest
Only water, topdressing and watering is to provide the nutrient needed for growth for potato.
Preferably, it is in squaring period to change control in step (6) field management, bud is extractd in time, to excessive growth trend
Field, every mu with 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, is watered 40-50kg sprayings, Spindling control.
Preferably, it is granulated during step (4) the selection of land site preparation to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, flat-die squeezes
Pressing the mach granular material of granulation to have, any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength height, rounding
The characteristics of uniform balling-up moisture is low.
Preferably, soil pH 6-6.5 in step (4) the selection of land site preparation, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%, horse
Bell potato can preferably grow in the present context, and the potato grown has the advantages of yield height and quality better.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the potato of potato culture method of the present invention cultivation has that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and the advantages of quality better.
2nd, cutting knife with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings, is kept away in heretofore described step (2) potato seed processing
Exempt from the propagation of disease.
3rd, the potato wedge picked up in heretofore described step (3) presoaking and germinating need to also dry moisture in 1h, prevent potato
Block goes bad.
4th, heretofore described step (6) field management also includes artificial weeding, reduces weeds to sunlight, moisture and nutrition
The absorption of element, safeguard the nutrient supply of potato.
5th, field is carried out before when rupture of membranes puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9 in heretofore described step (6) field management
Between check, timely rupture of membranes, avoid scald seedling, if table soil dry, should water in time, so as not to influence emergence.
6th, topdressing and watering is in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil, humidity deficit in heretofore described step (6) field management
Timely moisturizing, 8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings after emergence, every mu is applied Modified Urea 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, is seed deeplyed and cover shallowly and is poured
Grown after water with seedling and carry out cultivation and banking, whole growing process is unable to water shortage, pays attention to overflowing ridge top during watering, 5- before harvest
7d stops watering, and topdressing and watering is to provide the nutrient needed for growth for potato.
7th, it is in squaring period to change control in heretofore described step (6) field management, to extract bud in time, excessive growth is become
The field of gesture, every mu with 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, is watered 40-50kg sprayings, Spindling control.
8th, it is granulated to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, puts down during heretofore described step (4) selection of land site preparation
The granular material of mould extruder grain machining have any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength it is high,
The characteristics of uniform balling-up moisture of rounding is low.
9th, soil pH 6-6.5 in heretofore described step (4) selection of land site preparation, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%,
Potato can preferably grow in the present context, and the potato grown has the advantages of yield height and quality better.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of potato, comprises the following steps：
(1) variety selection：Selection should select the detoxification that precocity, good quality and high output, wide adaptability, disease resistance are strong, commodity is good
Potato Cultivars；
(2) potato seed is handled：Potato seed is subjected to warm seeds, is kept for 15-20 DEG C, grows bud point through 20-30d potato seeds, warm seeds are terminated
Kind can be cut, kind of requirement is cut and is carried out under the conditions of ventilation, shady and cool, dry, without sunlight exposure environment, carrying out stripping and slicing with cutting knife causes
Monolithic weight is 20-25g, against eye edge, potato wedge is cut into triangle, every piece of guarantee has 1-2 eye, switches to disease potato
When to reject；
(3) presoaking and germinating：Potato wedge is immersed in 0.002-0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5-15g70% agricultures immediately after cutting kind
It is watered with streptomysin in the aqueous solution that 50kg is mixed, is picked up after 5-6s.
(4) selection of land site preparation：The soil that the soil is porous for selection, good permeability, moistening and organic matter are abundant, every mu of application are decomposed
Organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 90-100kg, plough deeply and rake, then every mu applies soil conditioner 30-
40kg is shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4 parts of zeolite powder, 4.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 17.5 parts of medical stone powder, 4.5 parts of ground phosphate rock, 4 parts of perlite, shrimp shell meal
3.5 parts, 2.5 parts of peat, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.15 part of astragalus polyose, 5 parts of attapulgite,
19 parts of 8 parts of turf, 17 parts of cow dung, 7 parts of rice straw powder, 6 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 14 parts of powdered rice hulls, 7 parts of bentonite and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water mix, and add zeolite powder and medical stone powder, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, continue to be stirred to water and do,
Other raw materials in addition to astragalus polyose are added, 4-5h is stacked in mixing at room temperature, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, drying,
It is granulated, produces soil conditioner；
(5) sow：Full film double-furrow sowing planting is used using artificial dibbling, row spacing is ditched for 70cm, ditch depth 10-12cm,
Organic fertilizer and insecticide in ditch, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, depth of planting 9-11cm, it is desirable to sow, earthing, suppression are worked continuously；
(6) field management：Seedling, topdressing and watering are put including rupture of membranes and change control；
(7) harvest：In most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, then reaching withered and yellow, underground stem tuber reaches physiological maturity state,
Recovery process is carried out, the harvesting selection fine day morning is carried out, and used tool will clean, be hygienic, be pollution-free.
Cutting knife avoids the propagation of disease with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings in step (2) potato seed processing.
The potato wedge picked up in step (3) presoaking and germinating need to also dry moisture in 1h, prevent potato wedge from going bad.
Step (6) field management also includes artificial weeding, reduces absorption of the weeds to sunlight, moisture and nutrient, dimension
Protect the nutrient supply of potato.
Field examination is carried out before when rupture of membranes puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9 in step (6) field management, it is broken in time
Film, avoid scalding seedling, if table soil is dried, should water in time, in order to avoid influence emergence.
Topdressing and watering is in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil, the timely moisturizing of humidity deficit, after emergence in step (6) field management
8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings, every mu is applied Modified Urea 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, seed deeply and cover shallowly watering after with seedling grow into
Row cultivation and banking, whole growing process are unable to water shortage, pay attention to that ridge top can not be overflow during watering, 5-7d stops watering before harvest, chases after
Fertilizer watering is to provide the nutrient needed for growth for potato.
It is in squaring period to change control in step (6) field management, to extract bud in time, to the field of excessive growth trend, every mu
With 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, 40-50kg sprayings, Spindling control are watered.
It is granulated during step (4) selection of land site preparation to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, flat-die Squeezinggranulator adds
The granular material of work have any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up of rounding
The characteristics of moisture is low.
Soil pH 6-6.5 in step (4) selection of land site preparation, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%, and potato is in the environment
Under can preferably grow, the potato grown has yield high and the advantages of quality better.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of potato, comprises the following steps：
(1) variety selection：Selection should select the detoxification that precocity, good quality and high output, wide adaptability, disease resistance are strong, commodity is good
Potato Cultivars；
(2) potato seed is handled：Potato seed is subjected to warm seeds, is kept for 15-20 DEG C, grows bud point through 20-30d potato seeds, warm seeds are terminated
Kind can be cut, kind of requirement is cut and is carried out under the conditions of ventilation, shady and cool, dry, without sunlight exposure environment, carrying out stripping and slicing with cutting knife causes
Monolithic weight is 20-25g, against eye edge, potato wedge is cut into triangle, every piece of guarantee has 1-2 eye, switches to disease potato
When to reject；
(3) presoaking and germinating：Potato wedge is immersed in 0.002-0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5-15g70% agricultures immediately after cutting kind
It is watered with streptomysin in the aqueous solution that 50kg is mixed, is picked up after 5-6s.
(4) selection of land site preparation：The soil that the soil is porous for selection, good permeability, moistening and organic matter are abundant, every mu of application are decomposed
Organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 90-100kg, plough deeply and rake, then every mu applies soil conditioner 30-
40kg is shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
3 parts of zeolite powder, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of medical stone powder, 4 parts of ground phosphate rock, 3 parts of perlite, 3 parts of shrimp shell meal, rotten plant
Soil 2 parts, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.1 part of astragalus polyose, 3 parts of attapulgite, 6 parts of turf, 15 parts of cow dung,
15 parts of 5 parts of rice straw powder, 3 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3 parts of bentonite and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water mix, and add zeolite powder and medical stone powder, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, continue to be stirred to water and do,
Other raw materials in addition to astragalus polyose are added, 4-5h is stacked in mixing at room temperature, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, drying,
It is granulated, produces soil conditioner；
(5) sow：Full film double-furrow sowing planting is used using artificial dibbling, row spacing is ditched for 70cm, ditch depth 10-12cm,
Organic fertilizer and insecticide in ditch, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, depth of planting 9-11cm, it is desirable to sow, earthing, suppression are worked continuously；
(6) field management：Seedling, topdressing and watering are put including rupture of membranes and change control；
(7) harvest：In most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, then reaching withered and yellow, underground stem tuber reaches physiological maturity state,
Recovery process is carried out, the harvesting selection fine day morning is carried out, and used tool will clean, be hygienic, be pollution-free.
Cutting knife avoids the propagation of disease with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings in step (2) potato seed processing.
The potato wedge picked up in step (3) presoaking and germinating need to also dry moisture in 1h, prevent potato wedge from going bad.
Step (6) field management also includes artificial weeding, reduces absorption of the weeds to sunlight, moisture and nutrient, dimension
Protect the nutrient supply of potato.
Field examination is carried out before when rupture of membranes puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9 in step (6) field management, it is broken in time
Film, avoid scalding seedling, if table soil is dried, should water in time, in order to avoid influence emergence.
Topdressing and watering is in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil, the timely moisturizing of humidity deficit, after emergence in step (6) field management
8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings, every mu is applied Modified Urea 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, seed deeply and cover shallowly watering after with seedling grow into
Row cultivation and banking, whole growing process are unable to water shortage, pay attention to that ridge top can not be overflow during watering, 5-7d stops watering before harvest, chases after
Fertilizer watering is to provide the nutrient needed for growth for potato.
It is in squaring period to change control in step (6) field management, to extract bud in time, to the field of excessive growth trend, every mu
With 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, 40-50kg sprayings, Spindling control are watered.
It is granulated during step (4) selection of land site preparation to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, flat-die Squeezinggranulator adds
The granular material of work have any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up of rounding
The characteristics of moisture is low.
Soil pH 6-6.5 in step (4) selection of land site preparation, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%, and potato is in the environment
Under can preferably grow, the potato grown has yield high and the advantages of quality better.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of potato, comprises the following steps：
(1) variety selection：Selection should select the detoxification that precocity, good quality and high output, wide adaptability, disease resistance are strong, commodity is good
Potato Cultivars；
(2) potato seed is handled：Potato seed is subjected to warm seeds, is kept for 15-20 DEG C, grows bud point through 20-30d potato seeds, warm seeds are terminated
Kind can be cut, kind of requirement is cut and is carried out under the conditions of ventilation, shady and cool, dry, without sunlight exposure environment, carrying out stripping and slicing with cutting knife causes
Monolithic weight is 20-25g, against eye edge, potato wedge is cut into triangle, every piece of guarantee has 1-2 eye, switches to disease potato
When to reject；
(3) presoaking and germinating：Potato wedge is immersed in 0.002-0.006g gibberellin pulvis and 5-15g70% agricultures immediately after cutting kind
It is watered with streptomysin in the aqueous solution that 50kg is mixed, is picked up after 5-6s.
(4) selection of land site preparation：The soil that the soil is porous for selection, good permeability, moistening and organic matter are abundant, every mu of application are decomposed
Organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 90-100kg, plough deeply and rake, then every mu applies soil conditioner 30-
40kg is shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
5 parts of zeolite powder, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of medical stone powder, 5 parts of ground phosphate rock, 5 parts of perlite, 4 parts of shrimp shell meal, rotten plant
3 parts of soil, 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0.2 part of astragalus polyose, 7 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of turf, cow dung 19
Part, 9 parts of rice straw powder, 9 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 23 parts of powdered rice hulls, 11 parts of bentonite and 23 parts of water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water mix, and add zeolite powder and medical stone powder, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, continue to be stirred to water and do,
Other raw materials in addition to astragalus polyose are added, 4-5h is stacked in mixing at room temperature, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, drying,
It is granulated, produces soil conditioner；
(5) sow：Full film double-furrow sowing planting is used using artificial dibbling, row spacing is ditched for 70cm, ditch depth 10-12cm,
Organic fertilizer and insecticide in ditch, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, depth of planting 9-11cm, it is desirable to sow, earthing, suppression are worked continuously；
(6) field management：Seedling, topdressing and watering are put including rupture of membranes and change control；
(7) harvest：In most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, then reaching withered and yellow, underground stem tuber reaches physiological maturity state,
Recovery process is carried out, the harvesting selection fine day morning is carried out, and used tool will clean, be hygienic, be pollution-free.
Cutting knife avoids the propagation of disease with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings in step (2) potato seed processing.
The potato wedge picked up in step (3) presoaking and germinating need to also dry moisture in 1h, prevent potato wedge from going bad.
Step (6) field management also includes artificial weeding, reduces absorption of the weeds to sunlight, moisture and nutrient, dimension
Protect the nutrient supply of potato.
Field examination is carried out before when rupture of membranes puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9 in step (6) field management, it is broken in time
Film, avoid scalding seedling, if table soil is dried, should water in time, in order to avoid influence emergence.
Topdressing and watering is in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil, the timely moisturizing of humidity deficit, after emergence in step (6) field management
8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings, every mu is applied Modified Urea 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, seed deeply and cover shallowly watering after with seedling grow into
Row cultivation and banking, whole growing process are unable to water shortage, pay attention to that ridge top can not be overflow during watering, 5-7d stops watering before harvest, chases after
Fertilizer watering is to provide the nutrient needed for growth for potato.
It is in squaring period to change control in step (6) field management, to extract bud in time, to the field of excessive growth trend, every mu
With 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, 40-50kg sprayings, Spindling control are watered.
It is granulated during step (4) selection of land site preparation to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator, flat-die Squeezinggranulator adds
The granular material of work have any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength is high, the uniform balling-up of rounding
The characteristics of moisture is low.
Soil pH 6-6.5 in step (4) selection of land site preparation, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%, and potato is in the environment
Under can preferably grow, the potato grown has yield high and the advantages of quality better.
The cultural method of the potato of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and the cultural method of traditional potato are entered
Row compares, and has advantages below：
As seen from the above table, compared with conventional method, the cultural method of potato of the present invention have quality better, yield high and
The advantages of pest and disease damage incidence is low.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristic
God any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the scope of the protection with principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method of potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) variety selection：Selection should select the detoxification Ma Ling that precocity, good quality and high output, wide adaptability, disease resistance are strong, commodity is good
Potato kind；
(2) potato seed is handled：Potato seed is subjected to warm seeds, is kept for 15-20 DEG C, grows bud point through 20-30d potato seeds, warm seeds are terminated
Kind is cut, kind of requirement is cut and is carried out under the conditions of ventilation, shady and cool, dry, without sunlight exposure environment, carrying out stripping and slicing with cutting knife causes monolithic
Weight is 20-25g, and against eye edge, potato wedge is cut into triangle, and every piece of guarantee has 1-2 eye, is wanted when switching to disease potato
Reject；
(3) presoaking and germinating：Potato wedge is immersed in 0.002-0.006g gibberellin pulvis and the agricultural chains of 5-15g70% immediately after cutting kind
Mycin is watered in the aqueous solution that 50kg is mixed, and is picked up after 5-6s.
(4) selection of land site preparation：The soil that the soil is porous for selection, good permeability, moistening and organic matter are abundant, every mu of application is decomposed to be had
Machine fertilizer 3000-4000kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 90-100kg, ploughs deeply and rakes, then every mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow
Plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
Zeolite powder 3-5 parts, ferrous sulfate 4-5 parts, medical stone powder 15-20 parts, ground phosphate rock 4-5 parts, perlite 3-5 parts, shrimp shell meal
3-4 parts, peat 2-3 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 parts, sodium tripolyphosphate 1-2 parts, astragalus polyose 0.1-0.2 parts, attapulgite
3-7 parts, turf 6-10 parts, cow dung 15-19 parts, rice straw powder 5-9 parts, peanut dregs of fat 3-9 parts, powdered rice hulls 5-23 parts, swelling
Native 3-11 parts and water 15-23 parts；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water mix, and add zeolite powder and medical stone powder, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, continue to be stirred to water and do,
Other raw materials in addition to astragalus polyose are added, 4-5h is stacked in mixing at room temperature, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, drying,
It is granulated, produces soil conditioner；
(5) sow：Full film double-furrow sowing planting is used using artificial dibbling, row spacing is ditched for 70cm, ditch depth 10-12cm, in ditch
Interior organic fertilizer and insecticide, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, depth of planting 9-11cm, it is desirable to sow, earthing, suppression are worked continuously；
(6) field management：Seedling, topdressing and watering are put including rupture of membranes and change control；
(7) harvest：In most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, then reach withered and yellow, underground stem tuber reaches physiological maturity state, carries out
Recovery process, the harvesting selection fine day morning are carried out, and used tool will clean, be hygienic, be pollution-free.
2. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Cut in step (2) the potato seed processing
Knife with cutting another piece again after 10-20% alcohol disinfectings.
3. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Dragged in step (3) presoaking and germinating
The potato wedge risen need to also dry moisture in 1h.
4. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (6) field management is also wrapped
Include artificial weeding.
5. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Broken in step (6) field management
Field examination is carried out before when film puts Miao Wei every morning in seeding stage 9, timely rupture of membranes, if table soil is dried, should be watered in time.
6. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Chased after in step (6) field management
Fertilizer watering is that the timely moisturizing of humidity deficit, 8-10d Nitrogen Top Dressings after emergence, every mu is applied modified urine in emergence fore-and-aft observing soil
Plain 20-30kg or carbon ammonium 50-100kg, seed deeply and cover shallowly and grow progress cultivation and banking with seedling after watering, whole growing process can not
Water shortage, pay attention to during watering that ridge top can not be overflow, 5-7d stops watering before harvest.
7. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Change in step (6) field management
Control in squaring period, to extract bud in time, to the field of excessive growth trend, every mu with 10-15% paclobutrazol 20-25g, is watered
40-50kg sprays.
8. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mistake of step (4) the selection of land site preparation
It is granulated in journey to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator.
9. the cultural method of potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is native in step (4) the selection of land site preparation
Earth pH6-6.5, total soil phosphorus are not higher than 0.35%.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110100676A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-08-09 | 云南归根农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of konjaku |
| CN113475340A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-08 | 山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所(山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所) | High-yield potato planting method and potato culture rack |
-
2017
- 2017-07-18 CN CN201710586478.0A patent/CN107371694A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110100676A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-08-09 | 云南归根农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of konjaku |
| CN113475340A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-10-08 | 山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所(山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所) | High-yield potato planting method and potato culture rack |
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