CN107337898A - 汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布 - Google Patents

汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布 Download PDF

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CN107337898A
CN107337898A CN201710736111.2A CN201710736111A CN107337898A CN 107337898 A CN107337898 A CN 107337898A CN 201710736111 A CN201710736111 A CN 201710736111A CN 107337898 A CN107337898 A CN 107337898A
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layer
sunshade
fiber
cloth
heat insulation
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CN107337898B (zh
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刘钰馨
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Shandong Yuma Sun-Shading Technology Co ltd
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Guangxi Teachers College
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，自上至下依次包括：防水层、第一遮阳层、基布层、隔热层、以及第二遮阳层；所述基布层的厚度为0.6mm，由预处理后的剑麻纤维织布制成；预处理后的剑麻纤维的制备方法为：将剑麻纤维依次进行以下操作，放入硫酸溶液浸泡、蒸汽爆破预处理装置、放入速冻机速冻和醋酸钠溶液浸泡速升温3次、放入修饰液中超声处理、放入离子液体中浸泡，最后进行煮练处理，得到预处理后的剑麻纤维。本发明的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布具有防水效果好、结构强度高、隔热、耐寒、防晒的优点。

Description

汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布
技术领域
本发明涉及布料领域。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布。
背景技术
汽车是现今最常使用的代步工具，夏季时，当汽车停放于无遮蔽的户外空间并经过阳光的暴晒后，汽车内部会产生高温和有害气体，而且汽车的零部件也会由于高温而损坏，而如果此时需要使用汽车，使用者需将冷气与所有窗户开启，待车内空间散热降温后，方能进入车内；冬季，由于天气寒冷，经常会下雪或霜冻，使汽车的前挡风玻璃上霜盖一层冰霜或雪，无论是清扫、擦抹或使用车内暖风都不能在很短的时间内处理干净，给人们开车出行带来不变。为此，汽车使用者通常需要将一隔热遮阳遮雨布放置于车体上，以阻挡日晒和雨雪对汽车的伤害。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是解决至少上述问题，并提供至少后面将说明的优点。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其具有防水效果好、结构强度高、隔热、耐寒、防晒的优点。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点，提供了一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，自上至下依次包括：防水层、第一遮阳层、基布层、隔热层、以及第二遮阳层；
所述防水层的厚度为0.3mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：酚醛树脂20份、环氧树脂17份、环氧乙酰亚麻油酸甲酯3份、三甲基锡0.1份、脂肪酸锌0.1份、防水粉4.5份；所述防水粉的制作方法为：将甘油酸酯、二甲聚硅氧烷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、水按质量比5:3:0.2:50混合，在45℃下进行乳化反应30min，然后加入占水质量1/3的纳米陶瓷粉，在50℃温度下进行混炼2h，然后收集固态物，烘干即得；
所述第一遮阳层的厚度为0.4mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：炭黑粉10份、氯丁橡胶12份、特氟隆5份、纳米银颗粒1份、纳米氧化铜颗粒0.8份、紫外线吸收剂1.2份；
所述隔热层的厚度为0.4mm，所述隔热层为聚氨酯泡沫层；
所述第二遮阳层的厚度为0.3mm，所述第二遮阳层由70％的PBT塑料和30％的二氧化钛粉末组成；
所述基布层的厚度为0.6mm，由预处理后的剑麻纤维织布制成；其中，预处理后的剑麻纤维的制备方法为：
S1、将剑麻纤维放入质量分数为1.5％的硫酸溶液中，浸泡3h，然后取出放入蒸汽爆破预处理装置中在2.5MPa的压力下处理5min，然后烘干至含水量低于8％，得第一纤维；
S2、将第一纤维放入速冻机中在-18℃温度下冷冻10min，然后取出放入35℃温度的醋酸钠溶液中，3min内持续加热速升温醋酸钠溶液至50℃，然后停止加热继续浸泡2min后取出第一纤维，继续重复速冻机速冻和醋酸钠溶液浸泡速升温步骤3次，得到第二纤维；
S3、将质量比2:1:120的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、异氰酸酯、以及无水乙醇混合均匀得第一混合液，然后加入占第一混合液质量0.2％的乙二醇、0.1％的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物制得修饰液，然后将第一纤维放入修饰液中在25℃温度下进行超声处理15min，取出后放入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体中浸泡5h，得到第三纤维；
S4、将质量比5:1:0.8:150的远红外陶瓷粉、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、柠檬酸酯、以及水搅拌均匀，制成第二混合液，然后将S3中第三混合纤维放入第二混合液中混合搅拌均匀，调节第二混合液pH至6.5，然后进行煮练处理，煮练温度为45℃，煮练时间为4h，煮练期间持续搅拌煮练液，煮练完成后过滤，烘干处理，即得到预处理后的剑麻纤维。
优选的是，紫外线吸收剂为邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯。
优选的是，二氧化钛粉末的粒径不大于5μm。
优选的是，隔热层与基布层之间通过胶黏剂形成粘接。
优选的是，S4中调节第二混合液pH的溶剂为醋酸。
优选的是，S4中烘干处理为在50℃温度下的真空干燥机中进行干燥处理。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果：本发明使用甘油酸酯、二甲聚硅氧烷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、水进行乳化反应后加入纳米陶瓷粉混炼，制得防水粉，然后与酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、环氧乙酰亚麻油酸甲酯、三甲基锡制成防水层，具有优秀的防水效果，同时还能防止紫外线，延长树脂的使用寿命；将剑麻纤维使用硫酸溶液浸泡、蒸汽爆破预处理能提高剑麻纤维的力学性能和表面电性能，使得剑麻纤维的表面结构发生松动，然后通过多次速冻和速升温，使剑麻纤维的纤维素分子内氢键受到一定程度的破坏，纤维素链的可动性增加，有利于纤维素向有序结构变化，同时，纤维素分子链的断裂，使纤维素链更容易再排列，改善纤维的的力学性能，剑麻纤维表面的-OH基团数目减少，因而剑麻纤维的拉伸强度和弹性模量均会明显提高，从而提高基布层的韧性和强度。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解，本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不配出一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
需要说明的是，下述实施方案中所述实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法，所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径获得。
<实施例1>
一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，自上至下依次包括：防水层、第一遮阳层、基布层、隔热层、以及第二遮阳层；
所述防水层的厚度为0.3mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：酚醛树脂20份、环氧树脂17份、环氧乙酰亚麻油酸甲酯3份、三甲基锡0.1份、脂肪酸锌0.1份、防水粉4.5份；所述防水粉的制作方法为：将甘油酸酯、二甲聚硅氧烷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、水按质量比5:3:0.2:50混合，在45℃下进行乳化反应30min，然后加入占水质量1/3的纳米陶瓷粉，在50℃温度下进行混炼2h，然后收集固态物，烘干即得；
所述第一遮阳层的厚度为0.4mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：炭黑粉10份、氯丁橡胶12份、特氟隆5份、纳米银颗粒1份、纳米氧化铜颗粒0.8份、紫外线吸收剂1.2份；
所述隔热层的厚度为0.4mm，所述隔热层为聚氨酯泡沫层；
所述第二遮阳层的厚度为0.3mm，所述第二遮阳层由70％的PBT塑料和30％的二氧化钛粉末组成；
所述基布层的厚度为0.6mm，由预处理后的剑麻纤维织布制成；其中，预处理后的剑麻纤维的制备方法为：
S1、将剑麻纤维放入质量分数为1.5％的硫酸溶液中，浸泡3h，然后取出放入蒸汽爆破预处理装置中在2.5MPa的压力下处理5min，然后烘干至含水量低于8％，得第一纤维；
S2、将第一纤维放入速冻机中在-18℃温度下冷冻10min，然后取出放入35℃温度的醋酸钠溶液中，3min内持续加热速升温醋酸钠溶液至50℃，然后停止加热继续浸泡2min后取出第一纤维，继续重复速冻机速冻和醋酸钠溶液浸泡速升温步骤3次，得到第二纤维；
S3、将质量比2:1:120的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、异氰酸酯、以及无水乙醇混合均匀得第一混合液，然后加入占第一混合液质量0.2％的乙二醇、0.1％的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物制得修饰液，然后将第一纤维放入修饰液中在25℃温度下进行超声处理15min，取出后放入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体中浸泡5h，得到第三纤维；
S4、将质量比5:1:0.8:150的远红外陶瓷粉、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、柠檬酸酯、以及水搅拌均匀，制成第二混合液，然后将S3中第三混合纤维放入第二混合液中混合搅拌均匀，调节第二混合液pH至6.5，然后进行煮练处理，煮练温度为45℃，煮练时间为4h，煮练期间持续搅拌煮练液，煮练完成后过滤，烘干处理，即得到预处理后的剑麻纤维；
紫外线吸收剂为邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯；
二氧化钛粉末的粒径不大于5μm；
隔热层与基布层之间通过胶黏剂形成粘接；
S4中调节第二混合液pH的溶剂为醋酸；
S4中烘干处理为在50℃温度下的真空干燥机中进行干燥处理。
<对比例1>
一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，层结构同实施例1，不同的是，防水层中未添加防水粉。
<对比例2>
一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，层结构同实施例1，不同的是，剑麻纤维未做预处理。
<对比例3>
一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，层结构同实施例1，不同的是，不含有第二遮阳层。
<剑麻纤维预处理研究试验>
对预处理后的剑麻纤维与天然剑麻纤维进行拉伸性能、压缩弹性的测试，结果如表1所示。
表1
表1的结果说明，改性处理后的剑麻纤维的弹性模量下降，断裂伸长率增加，压缩回弹力、回复功百分率增加，说明化学成分、微细结构均有所改善。
<紫外线性能测试试验>
将实施例1、对比例3以及市售汽车遮阳布进行紫外线性能测试(用紫兰光照射)，其中，UPF为紫外线防护系数，T(UVA)为紫外线A波段透射比，T(UVB)为紫外线B波段透射比。
表2
表2的结果说明，实施例1的隔热遮阳遮雨布随着时间的推移，面料的防紫外线性能主要评定参数UPF、UVA、UVB基本保持不变，相较于对比例3、市售汽车遮阳布的不同程度的衰退，实施例1的隔热遮阳遮雨布的防紫外线性能更稳定。
<防水性能测试试验>
将帐篷表面抗湿性沾水度分为五级，其评定标准如下：
5级，受淋表面没有润湿，在表面也未沾有小水珠；
4级，受淋表面没有润湿，但在表面沾有小水珠；
3级，受淋表面仅有不连接的小面积润湿；
2级，受淋表面有一半润湿，通常是指小块不连接的润湿面积的总和；
1级，受淋表面全部润湿。
将实施例1、对比例1的隔热遮阳遮雨布进行防水性能测试。向隔热遮阳遮雨布表面喷淋流水持续10min，测试得到实施例1的沾水度为5级，对比例1为2级。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的细节。

Claims (6)

1.一种汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，自上至下依次包括：防水层、第一遮阳层、基布层、隔热层、以及第二遮阳层；
所述防水层的厚度为0.3mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：酚醛树脂20份、环氧树脂17份、环氧乙酰亚麻油酸甲酯3份、三甲基锡0.1份、脂肪酸锌0.1份、防水粉4.5份；所述防水粉的制作方法为：将甘油酸酯、二甲聚硅氧烷、脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物、水按质量比5:3:0.2:50混合，在45℃下进行乳化反应30min，然后加入占水质量1/3的纳米陶瓷粉，在50℃温度下进行混炼2h，然后收集固态物，烘干即得；
所述第一遮阳层的厚度为0.4mm，包括以下重量份数的原料：炭黑粉10份、氯丁橡胶12份、特氟隆5份、纳米银颗粒1份、纳米氧化铜颗粒0.8份、紫外线吸收剂1.2份；
所述隔热层的厚度为0.4mm，所述隔热层为聚氨酯泡沫层；
所述第二遮阳层的厚度为0.3mm，所述第二遮阳层由70％的PBT塑料和30％的二氧化钛粉末组成；
所述基布层的厚度为0.6mm，由预处理后的剑麻纤维织布制成；其中，预处理后的剑麻纤维的制备方法为：
S1、将剑麻纤维放入质量分数为1.5％的硫酸溶液中，浸泡3h，然后取出放入蒸汽爆破预处理装置中在2.5MPa的压力下处理5min，然后烘干至含水量低于8％，得第一纤维；
S2、将第一纤维放入速冻机中在-18℃温度下冷冻10min，然后取出放入35℃温度的醋酸钠溶液中，3min内持续加热速升温醋酸钠溶液至50℃，然后停止加热继续浸泡2min后取出第一纤维，继续重复速冻机速冻和醋酸钠溶液浸泡速升温步骤3次，得到第二纤维；
S3、将质量比2:1:120的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、异氰酸酯、以及无水乙醇混合均匀得第一混合液，然后加入占第一混合液质量0.2％的乙二醇、0.1％的脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物制得修饰液，然后将第一纤维放入修饰液中在25℃温度下进行超声处理15min，取出后放入1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体中浸泡5h，得到第三纤维；
S4、将质量比5:1:0.8:150的远红外陶瓷粉、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、柠檬酸酯、以及水搅拌均匀，制成第二混合液，然后将S3中第三混合纤维放入第二混合液中混合搅拌均匀，调节第二混合液pH至6.5，然后进行煮练处理，煮练温度为45℃，煮练时间为4h，煮练期间持续搅拌煮练液，煮练完成后过滤，烘干处理，即得到预处理后的剑麻纤维。
2.如权利要求1所述的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，紫外线吸收剂为邻羟基苯甲酸苯酯。
3.如权利要求1所述的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，二氧化钛粉末的粒径不大于5μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，隔热层与基布层之间通过胶黏剂形成粘接。
5.如权利要求1所述的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，S4中调节第二混合液pH的溶剂为醋酸。
6.如权利要求1所述的汽车隔热遮阳遮雨布，其特征在于，S4中烘干处理为在50℃温度下的真空干燥机中进行干燥处理。
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