CN107306876A - A kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar - Google Patents
A kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
It is female parent, first stage with high-quality Soviet Union too pig individual using northeastern wild boar individual as male parent the invention discloses a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar：Northeastern wild boar and Soviet Union too pig are hybridized, and are selected and remain sow in generation institute's postpartum, are constituted the 1st generation sow core group, be designated as F1 generation sow core group；Second stage：Using F1 generation pig core group as female parent, high-quality Landrace is male parent, is hybridized, and generation institute's postpartum is cultivated, the 2nd generation swinery is constituted, is designated as F2 for swinery.Hybridize by the northeastern wild boar as male parent and as maternal Soviet Union too pig, obtain F1 generation, F2 is obtained for swinery with the Changbai mountain wild boar hybridization as male parent in the female parent by the use of the F1 generation, because in F2 generations, contain 25% northeastern wild boar blood lineage, and 50% Landrace blood lineage, the F2 of selection cross had both remained pure wild boar strong adaptability for swinery, resistance to thick feeding and the nutritional advantages with " three high and one low ", the features such as having that hog disposition is docile, reproductive capacity is high, growth is fast again, easily raise.
Description
Technical field
Producer is cultivated the present invention relates to the hybridization of the breeding method of a boar new lines, more particularly to a kind of high-quality wild boar
Method.
Background technology
Pork is always the main source of China's resident's meat product, and critical role is occupied in national economy.In 70 years
In generation, due to being limited by productivity dynamics level and people's living standard, pork was once once turning into topmost in people's meals
High-quality source of animal protein, pork accounts for the 95% of China's meat total output, so far pork Reng Zhan China meat total output
More than 60%.The selection that people consume to meat has a trilogy, i.e.,；Fat meat type → lean meat species → superior flavor type.Rural area
And economically underdeveloped area selects fat meat type to meet demand of the people to energy first in the past, but oneself turns to selection lean meat now
Type；City and developed area, though the general lean meat species of general choice at present, people are to the meat of bacon hogs
It has been to be not added with praise, has had top-grade consumption to superior flavor type development trend.
Excellent pig resources day by day lack both at home and abroad at present, seldom several pig kind strains through cultivation, in occupation of China
The leading position of Swine Production, they while having some good characteristics, also heredity " adaptability, anti-adversity be poor,
Stress reaction is big, reproductive capacity, choice meat, lean meat percentage are relatively low, and especially greyish white, acid, black dull meat is relatively more, and muscle fibre compares
Slightly, fresh and tender degree and taste are not so good as some Native pig breeds "；And using such as " clenbuterol hydrochloride and hormones " raising to fatten live pig can make
Increase many harmful compositions in pork, cause murder by poisoning to consumer, also result in very bad social influence.
Prior art be do not have also in wild pig mating system make the wild boar after breeding can resist cold and can resist oxygen lack, can
Natural fast-growth again can be disease-resistant, and meat quality is good, the report of the mating system of the wild pig of strong environmental adaptability.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, producer is cultivated it is an object of the invention to a kind of hybridization of high-quality wild boar
Method, by northeastern wild boar, the hybridization of Soviet Union too pig and Landrace, can effectively change diet knots of the F2 obtained by hybridization for swinery
Structure, and then improve the meat of the final pork delivered for sale.
The purpose of invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：
A kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar, comprises the following steps：
First stage：
Using the northeastern wild boar individual of high-quality as male parent, it is female parent with high-quality Soviet Union too pig individual, is hybridized, in institute's postpartum
Sow is selected and remain in generation, the 1st generation sow core group is constituted, is designated as F1 generation sow core group；
Second stage：
Using the sow core group of F1 generation as female parent, high-quality Landrace individual is male parent, is hybridized, and generation institute's postpartum is carried out
Cultivate, constitute the 2nd generation swinery, be designated as F2 for swinery, it contains 25% northeastern wild boar blood lineage.
Further, the selection of the F1 generation sow core group is：
Select and remain and to be carried out when 28 ages in days wean for the first time：Select hair black, body weight be more than 5kg, 6 pairs of number of nipples and with
On, rounded, the good sow of constitution；
Select and remain and carried out at 4 monthly age for the second time：Eliminate the speed of growth slowly, the pig of constitution difference；
Third time is selected and remain to be carried out at 7 monthly age：6 monthly age body weight, the back of the body are determined to look sidelong at after thick, calculating wean to 90kg body weight ranks
The daily gain of section, feedstuff-meat ratio, selection more than daily gain 500g, feedstuff-meat ratio are less than 3：1st, below live body thickness of backfat 20mm during 90kg
Sow reserve seed for planting.
Further, the F2 is cultivated for swinery by following steps：
1) the young swine rearing stage：Raised in piglet house using conventional fine fodder, by adding in feed after piglet is born
Plus compound Chinese medicinal preparation improves the resistance of piglet, the temperature of piglet pig house is between 22-28 DEG C；
2) the raising stage of child care phase：Using free choice feeding child care material, from wean to body weight 30kg before；
3) raising of growth phase：Pig feed in free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 30kg-60kg；
4) raising in stage is fattened：The big pig feed of free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 60kg-100kg；
5) deliver for sale：When new hybrid strain reaches the requirement delivered for sale.
Further, the step 2) in, child care material includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn is
52%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.
Further, the step 3) in, middle pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 52%,
Wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.
Further, the step 4) in, big pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 38%,
Wheat bran 6%, rice bran 7%, dregs of beans 6%, pine needle meal 6%, bamboo shoot head 26%, soil 11%.
Further, when temperature is less than 10 DEG C, addition accounts for the 0.2%- of child care material gross mass in the child care material material
0.4% capsicum；The 0.2%-0.4% of pig feed gross mass capsicum during addition is accounted in the middle pig feed；In the big pig feed
The middle capsicum for adding the 0.2%-0.4% for accounting for big pig feed gross mass.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Northeastern wild boar be live in the Northeast's temperature up to subzero 20 DEG C~it is subzero 40 DEG C at wild boar, because production ring
Border, with resistance to thick feeding, premunition is strong, lean meat percentage is high, meat-like flavor is dense, nutritious, fat content is low, containing several amino acids,
The most important and necessary Fatty Acids Linoleic acid of human body is 2.5 times of hog, and the content of vitamin A, E in brawn is significantly higher than
Family's pork, but artificial feeding wild boar survival rate is relatively low.Soviet Union too pig is to be write by Suzhou City of Jiangsu Province Soviet Union too pig breeding center with the world
Name " Taihu pigs " based on, take Foreign blood introduction, traversed by fix, Systematic Breeding, performance measurement, Comprehensive Assessment selection etc. the modern times
Breeding technique measure is cultivated and formed, the features such as both having maintained strong Taihu pigs reproductive capacity, delicious meat, high, raw but also with lean meat percentage
Long speed waits the obvious characteristic of bacon hogs soon.And Changbai mountain wild boar has very high breeding potential and pup survival rate, and its it is anti-
It is inverse that property is strong, disease resistance is strong, it is resistance to it is thick raise, the features such as meat flavor is unique, but the kind is grown there is also being unfavorable for raising
The relatively shortcoming such as slow and meat palatability difference.
Hybridize by the northeastern wild boar as male parent and as maternal Soviet Union too pig, obtain F1 generation, utilizing the F1 generation
The maternal Changbai mountain wild boar hybridization with as male parent obtains F2 for swinery, because F2 generations are containing 25% northeastern wild boar blood lineage, and
50% Landrace blood lineage so that the swinery in F2 generations is provided simultaneously with strong strong stress resistance, disease resistance, resistance to thick feeding, meat flavor uniqueness
The characteristics of, the F2 of selection cross had both remained pure wild boar strong adaptability, resistance to thick word and the nutrition with " three high and one low " for swinery
Advantage (protein, amino acid, linoleic acid content are high, and fat content is low), has docile hog disposition, reproductive capacity height, growth again
The features such as hurry up, easily raise.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, it is necessary to which explanation is, what is do not collided
Under the premise of, new embodiment can be formed between various embodiments described below or between each technical characteristic in any combination.
A kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar, comprises the following steps：
First stage：
Using the northeastern wild boar individual of high-quality as male parent, it is female parent with high-quality Soviet Union too pig individual, is hybridized, in institute's postpartum
Sow is selected and remain in generation, the 1st generation sow core group is constituted, is designated as F1 generation sow core group；
Second stage：
Using the sow core group of F1 generation as female parent, high-quality Landrace individual is male parent, is hybridized, and generation institute's postpartum is carried out
Cultivate, constitute the 2nd generation swinery, be designated as F2 for swinery, it contains 25% northeastern wild boar blood lineage.
Hybridized by hog and wild boar, both remained pure wild boar strong adaptability, resistance to thick feeding and the battalion with " three high and one low "
The advantage of supporting (protein, amino acid, linoleic acid content are high, and fat content is low), has hog disposition docility, reproductive capacity high, raw again
It is long fast, the features such as easily raise.
Further, the selection of the F1 generation sow core group is：
Select and remain and to be carried out when 28 ages in days wean for the first time：Select hair black, body weight be more than 5kg, 6 pairs of number of nipples and with
On, rounded, the good sow of constitution；
Select and remain and carried out at 4 monthly age for the second time：Eliminate the speed of growth slowly, the pig of constitution difference；
Third time is selected and remain to be carried out at 7 monthly age：6 monthly age body weight, the back of the body are determined to look sidelong at after thick, calculating wean to 90kg body weight ranks
The daily gain of section, feedstuff-meat ratio, selection more than daily gain 500g, feedstuff-meat ratio are less than 3：1st, below live body thickness of backfat 20mm during 90kg
Sow reserve seed for planting.
Further, the F2 is cultivated for swinery by following steps：
1) the young swine rearing stage：Raised in piglet house using conventional fine fodder, the temperature of piglet pig house 22-28 DEG C it
Between；
2) the raising stage of child care phase：Using free choice feeding child care material, from wean to body weight 30kg before；
3) raising of growth phase：Pig feed in free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 30kg-60kg；
4) raising in stage is fattened：The big pig feed of free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 60kg-100kg；
5) deliver for sale：When new hybrid strain reaches the requirement delivered for sale.
Further, the step 2) in, child care material includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn is
52%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.
Further, the step 3) in, middle pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 52%,
Wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.
Further, the step 4) in, big pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 38%,
Wheat bran 6%, rice bran 7%, dregs of beans 6%, pine needle meal 6%, bamboo shoot head 26%, soil 11%.
Also it is added with feed in soil, soil and contains various trace elements, new hybrid strain is eaten after soil, premunition
Can strengthen, meat can durable flexible, fat fertilizer and it is oiliness, and lower feeding cost.
Further, when temperature is less than 10 DEG C, addition accounts for the 0.2%- of child care material gross mass in the child care material material
0.4% capsicum；The 0.2%-0.4% of pig feed gross mass capsicum during addition is accounted in the middle pig feed；In the big pig feed
The middle capsicum for adding the 0.2%-0.4% for accounting for big pig feed gross mass.
When temperature is reduced, the resistance of new hybrid strain can decline, and increase risk, and the speed of growth slows down, therefore,
When temperature is less than 10 DEG C, capsicum feeding is added in feed, capsicum energy effective stimulus new hybrid strain digestive function stimulates appetite,
Improve daily gain and feed conversion rate.
The northeastern wild boar blood lineage that F2 contains 25% for swinery is obtained by above-mentioned hybridization breeding method, and 50% length is white
Pig blood is united so that the characteristics of swinery in F2 generations is provided simultaneously with strong strong stress resistance, disease resistance, resistance to thick feeding, meat flavor is unique, simultaneously
Coordinate and use above-mentioned feed formula, the consumption of protein raw materials, reduces aquaculture cost, by adding pine needle meal, take in reduction feed
For various trace elements additive, promote digestion and metabolism, improve efficiency of feed utilization, tachyauxesis development, reduction is raised
Cost, increases economic efficiency, and the new hybrid strain of feed in the feeding present invention, edible safety is reliable, meets people to " green pig
Raw material wide material sources in the requirement of meat ", feed, cost is low.
Embodiment：
A kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar, the northeastern wild boar individual using high-quality is revived as male parent with high-quality
Too pig individual is female parent, first stage：Northeastern wild boar and Soviet Union too pig are hybridized, and sow, composition the 1st are selected and remain in generation institute's postpartum
Generation sow core group, is designated as F1 generation sow core group；It is to the selection of F1 generation sow core group：Selecting and remain for the first time will be
28 ages in days are carried out when weaning：Select hair black, body weight be more than 5kg, 6 pairs of number of nipples and more than, rounded, the good mother of constitution
Pig totally 30；Select and remain and carried out at 4 monthly age for the second time：Eliminate the speed of growth slowly, the pig of constitution difference, totally 5；Third time is selected and remain
Carried out during 7 monthly age：6 monthly age body weight, the back of the body are determined to look sidelong at thickness, calculate the daily gain to the 90kg body weight stages after wean, feedstuff-meat ratio, choosing
Another day weightening more than 500g, feedstuff-meat ratio are less than 3：1st, below live body thickness of backfat 20mm sow is reserved seed for planting during 90kg, totally 20.
Second stage：The 20 sow core groups picked out using F1 generation is female parents, and high-quality Landrace male parent individual 30 enters
Row hybridization, cultivates generation institute's postpartum, constitutes the 2nd generation swinery, be designated as F2 for swinery.
The F2 of gained is raised for swinery according to following steps after hybridization：
1) the young swine rearing stage：Raised in piglet house using conventional fine fodder, the temperature of piglet pig house 22-28 DEG C it
Between；
2) the raising stage of child care phase：Using free choice feeding child care material, from wean to body weight 30kg before；
3) raising of growth phase：Pig feed in free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 30kg-60kg；
4) raising in stage is fattened：The big pig feed of free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 60kg-100kg；
5) deliver for sale：Delivered for sale when new hybrid strain reaches the requirement delivered for sale.
Wherein step 2) in, child care material includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn is 52%, wheat bran 5%,
Rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.Step 3) in, middle pig feed includes following based on weight/mass percentage composition
Component：Corn 52%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.State step 4) in, big pig feed bag
Include the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 38%, wheat bran 6%, rice bran 7%, dregs of beans 6%, pine needle meal 6%, bamboo shoot head
26%, soil 11%.
When temperature is less than 10 DEG C, addition accounts for the peppery of the 0.2%-0.4% of child care material gross mass in the child care material material
Green pepper；The 0.2%-0.4% of pig feed gross mass capsicum during addition is accounted in the middle pig feed；Addition accounts for big in the big pig feed
The 0.2%-0.4% of pig feed gross mass capsicum.When pig average weight reaches 100kg, terminate feeding experiment.
To it is above-mentioned meet deliver the F2 of requirement for sale and select 15 at random for swinery, be divided into 3 groups, three realities of every group of 5 composition
Group is tested, is designated as testing I groups, experiment II groups and experiment III groups respectively, while taking commercially available hog composition control group, carries out following property
Can test.
Slaughter is tested：
Select 3 growing and fattening pigs at random from every group, through being butchered on an empty stomach after 24 hours, determine Slaughter and meat.
Dressing percentage：Carcass weight/Slaughter weight
Lean meat percentage：Lean meat weight/(lean meat+fat+osteoderm)
The Slaughter of table 1 compares tables of data
Control group in preceding live-weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage and lean meat percentage is below experimental group as can be seen from Table 1, leads to
The new hybrid strain Slaughter for crossing the hybridizing method acquisition that the present invention is provided is more preferable.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to limit the scope of protection of the invention with this,
The change and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
First stage：
Using the northeastern wild boar individual of high-quality as male parent, it is female parent with high-quality Soviet Union too pig individual, is hybridized, in generation institute's postpartum
Sow is selected and remain, the 1st generation sow core group is constituted, is designated as F1 generation sow core group；
Second stage：
Using the sow core group of F1 generation as female parent, high-quality Landrace individual is male parent, is hybridized, and generation institute's postpartum is trained
Educate, constitute the 2nd generation swinery, be designated as F2 for swinery, it contains 25% northeastern wild boar blood lineage.
2. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The F1 generation sow
The selection of core group is：
Select and remain and to be carried out when 28 ages in days wean for the first time：Select hair black, body weight be more than 5kg, 6 pairs of number of nipples and more than,
Rounded, the good sow of constitution；
Select and remain and carried out at 4 monthly age for the second time：Eliminate the speed of growth slowly, the pig of constitution difference；
Third time is selected and remain to be carried out at 7 monthly age：6 monthly age body weight, the back of the body are determined to look sidelong at thickness, calculate the day to the 90kg body weight stages after wean
Weightening, feedstuff-meat ratio, selection more than daily gain 500g, feedstuff-meat ratio are less than 3：1st, below live body thickness of backfat 20mm sow stays during 90kg
Kind.
3. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The F2 is for swinery
Cultivated by following steps：
1) the young swine rearing stage：Raised in piglet house using conventional fine fodder, the temperature of piglet pig house is between 22-28 DEG C；
2) the raising stage of child care phase：Using free choice feeding child care material, from wean to body weight 30kg before；
3) raising of growth phase：Pig feed in free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 30kg-60kg；
4) raising in stage is fattened：The big pig feed of free choice feeding, Feeding time section is body weight between 60kg-100kg；
5) deliver for sale：When new hybrid strain reaches the requirement delivered for sale.
4. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 2)
In, child care material includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn is 52%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%,
Pine needle meal 21%, soil 3%.
5. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 3)
In, middle pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 52%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 5%, dregs of beans 14%, pine
Pin powder 21%, soil 3%.
6. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 4)
In, big pig feed includes the following components based on weight/mass percentage composition：Corn 38%, wheat bran 6%, rice bran 7%, dregs of beans 6%, pine needle
Powder 6%, bamboo shoot head 26%, soil 11%.
7. a kind of hybridization breezing and producing method of high-quality wild boar according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：When temperature is less than 10
DEG C when, in the child care material material addition account for child care material gross mass 0.2%-0.4% capsicum；Added in the middle pig feed
Account for the 0.2%-0.4% of middle pig feed gross mass capsicum；Addition accounts for the 0.2%- of big pig feed gross mass in the big pig feed
0.4% capsicum.
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