CN107304325A - 双组份环氧树脂漆 - Google Patents
双组份环氧树脂漆 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107304325A CN107304325A CN201610242602.7A CN201610242602A CN107304325A CN 107304325 A CN107304325 A CN 107304325A CN 201610242602 A CN201610242602 A CN 201610242602A CN 107304325 A CN107304325 A CN 107304325A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- curing agent
- component
- epoxy
- paint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- -1 wherein Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 16
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005156 substituted alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 128
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 9
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013035 low temperature curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZMBQZWCDYKGVLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1(N)C=CC=CC1N ZMBQZWCDYKGVLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11',12',14',15'-Tetradehydro(Z,Z-)-3-(8-Pentadecenyl)phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZAZXHQSSWRBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4,5,6-tetramethylphenol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O CZAZXHQSSWRBHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Delta8-pentadecenylphenol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 YLKVIMNNMLKUGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(cyclohexylmethyl)cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound C1CC(N)(N)CCC1CC1CCCCC1 DLYLVPHSKJVGLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCC2OC2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OCC1CO1 LCFVJGUPQDGYKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N Cardanol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CC=C)=C1 JOLVYUIAMRUBRK-UTOQUPLUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cardanoldiene Natural products CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 FAYVLNWNMNHXGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000009261 D 400 Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IMYZQPCYWPFTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Mecamylamine Chemical compound C1CC2C(C)(C)C(NC)(C)C1C2 IMYZQPCYWPFTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JMTIXSZQYHAMLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[Zn] Chemical compound [P].[Zn] JMTIXSZQYHAMLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylpiperazine Chemical compound NCCN1CCNCC1 IMUDHTPIFIBORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OTBHHUPVCYLGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-aminopropyl)amine Chemical compound NCCCNCCCN OTBHHUPVCYLGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cardanol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 PTFIPECGHSYQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZQWRZCZEOLZBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)C1 ZQWRZCZEOLZBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007590 electrostatic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODGYWRBCQWKSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-ethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCNCCCN ODGYWRBCQWKSSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005375 organosiloxane group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种双组份环氧树脂漆,其包含:a)环氧树脂组分;和b)用于固化所述环氧树脂组分的胺组分,所述胺组分包含:i)至少一种聚酰胺固化剂;和ii)至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,其中,所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到,并且其中所述脂环族多胺以相对于所述多胺的总量30wt%或更高的量存在,其中,环氧树脂组分a)与胺组分b)的重量比在100∶8至100∶20的范围内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双组份环氧树脂漆,更具体地涉及具有平衡的适用期和干燥速度的双组份环氧树脂漆,特别是双组份环氧树脂底漆。
背景技术
环氧树脂在涂料工业中具有广泛的应用。环氧树脂-胺固化体系(也被称为双组份环氧树脂漆)在固化后可以得到对基材特别是金属具有良好粘性并且具有高机械强度、良好耐化学品性和耐腐蚀性的涂层。因而,环氧树脂漆在实践中被认为是成本效益最好的可用作抗腐蚀涂层的涂料组合物。
环氧树脂漆的适用期(Pot life)和干燥速度是决定环氧树脂漆的应用性的两个重要的参数。通常,希望环氧树脂漆具有尽可能长的适用期和尽可能快的干燥速度,以确保最佳的生产效益。为了实现二者的平衡,固化剂的选择是重要的。除此以外,环氧树脂漆的耐腐蚀性也是决定其应用性的另一个重要参数。良好的耐腐蚀性在市场中是另一个具有竞争力的因素。
因此,现有技术需要具有平衡的适用期和干燥速度同时具有优异的耐腐蚀性的环氧树脂漆。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种双组份环氧树脂漆,其包含:a)环氧树脂组分;和b)用于固化所述环氧树脂组分的胺组分,所述胺组分包含:i)至少一种聚酰胺固化剂;和ii)至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,其中,所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到,并且其中所述脂环族多胺以相对于所述多胺的总量30wt%或更高的量存在,其中,环氧树脂组分a)与胺组分b)的重量比在100∶8至100∶20的范围内。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述胺组分还包含固化促进剂,优选选自由含有酚羟基的叔胺组成的组。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述环氧树脂组分除了环氧树脂以外还包含液体石油树脂。
本发明的发明人惊讶地发现,在环氧树脂漆中,用于固化环氧树脂组分的固化剂包含至少一种聚酰胺固化剂和至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,并且所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由含有至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到,可以获得具有平衡的适用期和干燥速度的环氧树脂漆,而且由此形成的涂层还具有特别优异的耐腐蚀性。
并非希望受缚于任何理论,推测本发明的环氧树脂漆能够实现上述效果的原因如下。作为用于固化环氧树脂的胺组分,聚酰胺固化剂和曼尼期碱固化剂的组合应用,使得环氧树脂漆在环境温度(例如20℃)下发生由活泼胺氢基团引发的初级固化,粘度增长缓慢,因而在该温度下具有较长的适用期;在升高的温度(例如40℃)下发生由烯属不饱和基团(例如碳碳双键)和酚羟基引发的次级固化,从而在该温度下实现快速固化。结果,由此形成的环氧树脂漆可以实现较长的适用期和快速固化的平衡。此外,通过在聚酰胺固化剂和曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种中引入适当量的脂环族基团诸如五元或六元环,不但对胺组分的固化性能没有产生或者产生有限的影响,而且还能使环氧树脂漆方便地获得良好的耐腐蚀性。因此,根据本发明,可以获得具有平衡的长适用期和快速干燥速度的环氧树脂漆,而且由该漆料形成的涂层具有优异耐腐蚀性。
本发明的发明人还惊讶地发现,在环氧树脂漆中,使用本发明的胺组分作为固化剂可以实现对不同种类的环氧树脂的有效固化,从而扩展了环氧树脂组分的选择范围。
本发明的一个或多个实施方案的细节在以下的说明书中阐明。根据说明书和权利要求,本发明其它特征、目的和优点将变得清楚。
定义
在本文中使用时,“一种(a,an)”、“这种(the)”、“至少一种”和“一种或多种”可互换使用。因此,例如包含“一种”添加剂的组分可以被解释为表示该组分包含“一种或多种”添加剂。
在组合物被描述为包括或包含特定组分的情况下,预计该组合物中并不排除本发明未涉及的可选组分,并且预计该组合物可由所涉及的组分构成或组成,或者在方法被描述为包括或包含特定工艺步骤的情况下,预计该方法中并不排除本发明未涉及的可选工艺步骤,并且预计该方法可由所涉及的工艺步骤构成或组成。
为了简便,本文仅明确地公开了一些数值范围。然而,任意下限可以与任何上限组合形成未明确记载的范围;以及任意下限可以与其它下限组合形成未明确记载的范围,同样任意上限可以与任意其它上限组合形成未明确记载的范围。此外,尽管未明确记载,但是范围端点间的每个点或单个数值都包含在该范围内。因而,每个点或单个数值可以作为自身的下限或上限与任意其它点或单个数值组合或与其它下限或上限组合形成未明确记载的范围。
在本文中,“聚酰胺固化剂”是指,具有两个或更多个活泼氨基基团的聚酰胺树脂。例如,所述聚酰胺固化剂可通过使过量的一种或多种多胺与一种或多种脂肪酸二聚体进行反应来制备。
在本文中,“曼尼期碱固化剂”也被称为“酚醛胺固化剂”。例如,所述曼尼期碱固化剂可通过用过量的一种或多种多胺对酚-甲醛加合物进行改性来制备。
术语“烯属不饱和基团”在本文中是指,具有顺式-或反式-构型的反应性碳-碳双键不饱和基团,但不包括芳族不饱和基团、碳-碳三键、碳-杂原子不饱和基团。
术语“酚羟基”在本文中是指与芳族烃直接相连的羟基。
针对双组份环氧树脂漆使用时,“适用期”(pot life)是指,在将环氧树脂漆的两个组分混合完成后,在室温条件下,该体系的粘度达到初始粘度2倍所花费的时间。
当在本文中使用时,术语“底漆”是指这样的涂料组合物,其可被涂覆到金属基材上并且被干燥、交联或以其他方式硬化以形成具有对基材表面的充分粘附性的不发粘的连续膜。
当在本文中使用时,术语“面漆”是指这样的涂料组合物,其可被涂覆到底漆上并且被干燥、交联或以其它方式硬化以形成装饰性或保护性最外侧涂饰物层。进一步地,此类面漆能够经受长期的户外暴露而未显示出可见的令人不满的劣化。
在本文中使用时,术语“中间漆”是指这样的涂料组合物,其可被涂覆在底漆和面漆之间并且被干燥、交联或以其他方式硬化形成介于底漆和面漆之间的一层或多层不发粘的连续膜。
当在本文中使用时,术语“底面合一涂料(DTM)”是指这样的涂料组合物,其可被涂覆到金属基材上并且被干燥、交联或以其他方式硬化以形成具有对基材表面的充分粘附性的不发粘的连续膜,而且由此形成的连续膜能够经受长期的户外暴露而未显示出可见的令人不满的劣化。
当出现在本说明书和权利要求中时,术语“包含”和“包括”及其变体不具有限制性含义。
术语“优选的”和“优选地”是指在某些情况下可提供某些益处的本发明实施方案。然而,在相同或其他情况下,其他实施方案也可能是优选的。另外,一个或多个优选的实施方案的叙述不意味着其他实施方案是不可用的,并且不旨在将其他实施方案排除在本发明范围外。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种双组份环氧树脂漆,其包含:a)环氧树脂组分;和b)用于固化所述环氧树脂组分的胺组分,所述胺组分包含:i)至少一种聚酰胺固化剂;和ii)至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,其中所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到,并且其中所述脂环族多胺以相对于所述多胺的总量30wt%或更高的量存在,其中,环氧树脂组分a)与胺组分b)的重量比在100∶8至100∶20的范围内。
胺组分
根据本发明,胺组分作为固化剂用于固化环氧树脂组分。所述胺组分包含至少一种聚酰胺固化剂和至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,其中所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述聚酰胺固化剂由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述曼尼期碱固化剂由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂二者均由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到。
根据本发明,术语“脂环族多胺”指包含至少一个脂环族基团的多胺。脂环族多胺优选包括具有至少一个环己基、环庚基或环戊基或其组合的脂环族多胺。作为脂环族多胺的例子,可以使用1,4-二氨基环己烷、4,4′-二氨基二环己基甲烷、1,3-二氨基环戊烷、4,4′-二氨基二环己基砜、4,4′-二氨基-二环己基-丙烷、4,4′-二氨基-二环戊基-丙烷、3,3′-二甲基-4,4′-二氨基二环己基甲烷或3-氨基甲基-3,3,5-三甲基环己基胺(即异佛尔酮二胺)。
合适的脂环族胺固化剂可以商品名ANCAMINE 2264、ANCAMINE2280、ANCAMINE 2286(得自Airproduct and Chemical Inc,Allentown,PA,USA)或BAXXODUR EC 331(BASF,Ludwigshafen,Germany)或VERSAMINE C31(得自Cognis,Monheim,Germany)或EPICURE3300(得自Momentive Specialty Chemicals,Inc,Columbus,Ohio,USA)商购获得。
根据本发明,多胺还包含脂肪族多胺、芳香族多胺或其组合。示例性脂肪族多胺包括多亚乙基胺(例如二亚乙基三胺、三亚乙基四胺、四亚乙基五胺、五亚乙基六胺)、1,6-己二胺、3,3,5-三甲基-1,6-己二胺、3,5,5-三甲基-1,6-己二胺、2-甲基-1,5-戊二胺(可以商购)、二-(3-氨基丙基)胺、N,N’-二-(3-氨基丙基)-1,2-乙二胺、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺、N,N-乙基-1,3-丙二胺、氨基乙基哌嗪或其组合。此外,作为脂肪族多胺,也可以使用聚醚多胺,诸如以商品名Jeffamine由Huntsman Corporation购买的聚(亚烷基氧)二胺和三胺。示例性实例包括但不限于D-230、D-400、D-2000、D-4000、T-403、EDR-148、EDR-192、C-346、ED-600、ED-900、ED-2001等或其组合。
示例性的芳香族多胺的实例包括邻-甲苯二胺、间-甲苯二胺、间-苯二胺、亚甲基桥连二(亚苯基)胺混合物或其组合。
根据本发明,多胺包含相对于所述多胺的总量30wt%或更高的脂环族多胺,更优选40wt%或更高的量的脂环族多胺,还要更优选50wt%或更高的量的脂环族多胺。脂环族多胺的用量的上限没有明确限制,作为例子,优选不超过90wt%,更优选不超过80wt%,还要更优选不超过70wt%。通过使用包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺在聚酰胺固化剂和/或曼尼期碱固化剂中引入适当量的脂环族基团,使得由其配制的环氧树脂漆具有较长的适用期和快速固化的平衡同时还具有良好的耐腐蚀性。
本发明的发明人惊讶地发现,与在包含聚酰胺固化剂和曼尼期碱固化剂的固化剂组分中直接混入脂环族多胺来配制的双组份环氧树脂漆相比,由本发明的胺组分配制的双组份环氧树脂漆在提供良好的耐腐蚀性的同时仍保持较长的适用期和快速固化的平衡。
本文所公开的聚酰胺固化剂可以具有100mg KOH/g固化剂的胺值,优选120mg KOH/g固化剂的胺值,更优选150mg KOH/g固化剂的胺值。考虑到实际应用,所述聚酰胺固化剂的胺值不超过300mg KOH/g固化剂,优选不超过250mg KOH/g固化剂,更优选不超过200mg KOH/g固化剂。所述胺值可以根据标准GB/T 6365-2006测定。业已观察到,聚酰胺固化剂具有过高的胺值,例如300mg KOH/g固化剂或更高,对双组份环氧树脂漆的适用期带来不利的影响。
聚酰胺固化剂还包含,相对于所述聚酰胺固化剂的总重,1wt%或更高的烯属不饱和基团。优选地,烯属不饱和基团的含量,相对于所述聚酰胺固化剂,为2wt%或更高、4wt%或更高、5wt%或更高或8wt%或更高。根据本发明,聚酰胺固化剂具有较高浓度的烯属不饱和基团是优选的,但是考虑到实际条件,烯属不饱和基团的浓度,相对于聚酰胺固化剂的总重,小于15重量%。上述聚酰胺固化剂中的烯属不饱和基团的浓度可由下式确定:
CC=C(重量%)=n×MC=C/W聚酰胺固化剂
其中:
CC=C表示烯属不饱和基团的浓度;
n表示用于制备聚酰胺固化剂的原料中的烯属不饱和基团的总摩尔数;
MC=C表示碳-碳双键的摩尔质量;
W聚酰胺固化剂表示所制备的聚酰胺固化剂的总重量。
落在上述范围内的烯属不饱和基团的含量足以使,所述聚酰胺固化剂在升高的温度例如40℃下发生反应,提高了双组份环氧树脂漆的干燥性能。
优选地,所述聚酰胺固化剂在25℃下具有2000mPa.s或更高的粘度,优选2500mPa.s@25℃或更高、更优选3000mPa.s@25℃或更高的粘度。从实际应用考虑,聚酰胺固化剂的粘度不宜过高,例如不超过5000mPa.s@25℃。所述粘度采用Brookfield粘度计,使用3号锭子并且在约20rpm的转速下测定。业已观察到,聚酰胺固化剂具有过高的粘度,例如5000mPa.s@25℃,其固化性能不利。
根据本发明,聚酰胺固化剂可通过使过量的一种或多种多胺与一种或多种脂肪酸二聚体进行反应来制备。脂肪酸二聚体是本领域公知的。聚酰胺固化剂的制备方法在例如刘登良主编的《涂料工艺》,第四版,2010,第258-302页中公开了,其公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
本文所公开的曼尼期碱固化剂可以具有150mg KOH/g固化剂或更高的胺值,优选180mg KOH/g固化剂或更高的胺值,更优选200mg KOH/g固化剂或更高的胺值。考虑到实际应用,所述聚酰胺固化剂的胺值不超过300mg KOH/g固化剂,优选不超过250mg KOH/g固化剂。所述胺值可以根据标准GB/T 6365-2006测定。业已观察到,曼尼期碱固化剂具有过高的胺值,例如300mg KOH/g固化剂,会对双组份环氧树脂漆的适用期带来不利的影响。
曼尼期碱固化剂还包含,相对于所述曼尼期碱固化剂的总重,1wt%或更高的酚羟基。优选地,酚羟基的含量,相对于所述曼尼期碱固化剂,为2wt%或更高、4wt%或更高、5wt%或更高或6wt%或更高。根据本发明,曼尼期碱固化剂具有较高浓度的酚羟基是优选的,但是考虑到实际条件,酚羟基的浓度,相对于曼尼期碱固化剂的总重,小于10重量%。上述曼尼期碱固化剂中的酚羟基基团的浓度可由下式确定:
COH(重量%)=n×MOH/W曼尼期碱固化剂
其中:
COH表示酚羟基基团的浓度;
n表示用于制备曼尼期碱固化剂的原料中的酚羟基的总摩尔数;
MOH表示酚羟基的摩尔质量;
W曼尼期碱固化剂表示所制备的曼尼期碱固化剂的总重量。
落在上述范围内的酚羟基的含量足以使,所述曼尼期碱固化剂在升高的温度例如40℃下发生反应,提高了双组份环氧树脂漆的干燥性能。
优选地,所述曼尼期碱固化剂在25℃下具有2000mPa.s或更高的粘度,优选2500mPa.s@25℃或更高、更优选3000mPa.s@25℃或更高的粘度。从实际应用考虑,聚酰胺固化剂的粘度不宜过高,例如不超过5000mPa.s@25℃。所述粘度采用Brookfield粘度计,使用3号锭子并且在约20rpm的转速下测定。业已观察到,聚酰胺固化剂具有过高的粘度,例如6000mPa.s@25℃或更高,会对其固化性能产生非常不利的影响。
根据本发明,曼尼期碱固化剂可通过用过量的一种或多种多胺对酚-甲醛加合物进行改性来制备。酚是本领域公知的。例如,可以使用可选被取代的苯酚,诸如苯酚或烷基取代苯酚,如腰果酚。曼尼期碱固化剂的制备方法在例如刘登良主编的《涂料工艺》,第四版,2010,第258-302页中公开了,其公开内容通过引用并入本文中。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述曼尼期碱固化剂与所述聚酰胺固化剂的重量比在10∶90至90∶10的范围内,优选在20∶80至80∶20的范围内。
根据本发明,胺组分还包含固化促进剂。在本文中,“固化促进剂”是指自身不含活泼胺氢原子,但能够促进环氧基与其他活泼胺氢原子反应的化合物。优选地,固化促进剂选自由含有酚羟基的叔胺组成的组,优选选自三-(二甲氨基甲基)苯酚。固化促进剂的实例,可以使用任何适当的可商购产品,诸如购自常州三峰化学有限公司的DMP-30。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,固化促进剂的用量可由本领域普通技术人员通过常规实验确定。优选地,胺组分可以包含相对于所述胺组分的总重约0.5重量%至约2重量%、优选约0.6重量%至约1.8重量%、更优选约0.8重量%至约1.6重量%的固化促进剂。
环氧树脂组分
在本发明中,环氧树脂组分是指构成由本发明的环氧树脂漆形成的涂层的主体的树脂组合物,其包含环氧树脂、液体石油树脂、填料包以及任选的附加添加剂。
本文中,术语“环氧树脂”指每个分子中含有两个或更多个环氧基团的聚合物或低聚物。优选地,环氧树脂中的每个分子可以包含至多四个环氧基团。优选地,环氧树脂中的每个分子可以包含两个或三个环氧基团。
环氧树脂可以具有0.1当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高、优选0.2当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高、更优选0.3当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高、还要更优选0.4当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高、最优选0.5当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高的环氧值,其中环氧值指100g环氧树脂中含有的环氧基团的摩尔数。
环氧树脂在约23℃的室温下是液体,具有10,000mPa.s@25℃或更低、优选8,000mPa.s@25℃或更低、更优选6,000Pa.s@25℃或更低、或小于2,500mPa.s@20℃的粘度。所述粘度采用Brookfield粘度计,使3号锭子并且在20rpm的转速下测定。
适当的环氧树脂包括,例如多元酚的二缩水甘油醚,诸如间苯二酚的二缩水甘油醚、邻苯二酚的二缩水甘油醚、对苯二酚的二缩水甘油醚、双酚A的二缩水甘油醚、双酚F的二缩水甘油醚、双酚S的二缩水甘油醚、四甲基双苯酚的二缩水甘油醚;多元醇的二缩水甘油醚,诸如脂族二醇的二缩水甘油醚和聚醚二醇的二缩水甘油醚,例如C2-24亚烷基二醇的二缩水甘油醚、聚(环氧乙烷)二醇的二缩水甘油醚或聚(环氧丙烷)二醇的二缩水甘油醚;酚醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚,诸如苯酚-甲醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚、烷基取代的苯酚-甲醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚、苯酚-羟基苯甲醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚或甲酚-羟基苯甲醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚;或其组合。
根据本发明,环氧树脂优选是多元酚的二缩水甘油醚,特别优选具有如下结构式(I):
其中,D表示-S-、-S-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-CO2-、-CO-、-O-或具有1至10个、优选1至5个、更优选1至3个碳原子的二价烷基,诸如-CH2-或-C(CH3)2-;
每个Y独立地是卤素,诸如F、Cl、Br或I,或可选被取代的一价C1-C10烃基,诸如可选被取代的甲基、乙基、乙烯基、丙基、烯丙基或丁基;
每个m独立地是0、1、2、3或4;和
n是0至4的整数,诸如0、1、2、3或4。
更优选地,环氧树脂是具有结构式(I)的双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚S型环氧树脂或双酚F型环氧树脂,其中,D分别表示-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-或-CH2-,m表示0,n是0至4的整数。
最优选地,环氧树脂是具有结构式(I)的双酚A型环氧树脂,其中,D各自表示-C(CH3)2-,m表示0,n是0至4的整数。
以上公开的环氧树脂例如可以采用本领域普通技术人员所熟知的环氧氯丙烷技术制成。或者,作为环氧树脂的实例,可以使用任何适当的可商购产品,诸如购自上海开平树脂有限公司的E55、E51、E44、E20。
根据本发明,环氧树脂被用于为环氧树脂组分提供树脂组分。一方面,这种树脂组分作为粘合剂,用于提供涂层与基材的粘附性,并且使环氧树脂组分中的各组分(诸如填料)保持在一起并赋予封闭涂层一定的内聚强度。另一方面,这种树脂组分与胺组分固化剂具有良好的反应性,从而实现具有高机械强度的涂层。
优选地,所述环氧树脂组分,相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重,包含约10重量%至约85重量%、优选约25重量%至约65重量%的环氧树脂。具体地,所述环氧树脂组分,相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重,包含约30重量%、约35重量%、约40重量%、约45重量%、约50重量%、约55重量%的环氧树脂。
本发明的环氧树脂组分还包含液体石油树脂。在本发明中,“液体石油树脂”是石油裂解产物与醛类进行共聚合而得到的热塑性树脂。根据本发明,液体石油树脂具有小于150℃、优选小于135℃、更优选小于120℃的软化点。优选地,所述石油裂解产物具有2,000g/mol或更低的分子量,优选1,500g/mol或更低的分子量。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,使用C9石油树脂。在本发明的一个实施方式中,使用C5石油树脂。在本发明的一个特别优选实施方式中,使用C9石油树脂作为液体石油树脂。作为液体石油树脂的实例,可以使用任何适当的可商购产品,诸如购自濮阳市新天化工公司的C9石油树脂。
本发明的发明人发现,液体石油树脂的引入改善了树脂组分对基材特别是金属基材的润湿性,并且形成了具有更高耐水性的涂层。本发明的发明人还惊讶地发现,上述引入还改善了涂层对基材的粘附性和耐腐蚀性,特别是耐盐雾性,这是预料不到的。
优选地,所述环氧树脂组分,相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重,包含约1重量%至约20重量%、优选约5重量%至约15重量%的液体石油树脂。具体地,所述环氧树脂组分,相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重,包含约7重量%、约9重量%、约11重量%或约13重量%的液体石油树脂。
适当的环氧树脂组分可以进一步包含填料包。本文使用的术语“填料”指适用于环氧树脂组分的任何体积增量剂,其可以是无机的例如颗粒形式。对颗粒的形状没有特殊限制,其可以具有任何适当的形状。填料的平均粒径可以在宽范围内变化,例如在约10纳米至约50微米的范围内变化。一些填料除了起到体积增量剂的作用以外还赋予组合物和/或由该组合物形成的涂层一种或多种所需性质。例如,一些填料可以赋予组合物以及由该组合物得到的涂层所需颜色。在这种情况下,这种填料也被称为“颜料”。一些填料可以改善化学和/或物理性质,特别可以改善由该组合物得到的涂层的机械性质。在这种情况下,这种填料也被称为“增强填料”。
在本发明的实施方式中,填料包例如包含硅酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、或二氧化硅。适当的示例性填料包括例如高岭土、硅灰石、碳酸钙、硅藻土、滑石、硫酸钡、硅酸镁铝、氧化硅及其任意组合。
在优选的实施方式中,填料包,相对于所述填料包的总重,包含5-40重量%的一种或多种硅酸盐,例如硅灰石或滑石;10-40重量%的一种或多种硫酸盐,例如硫酸钡;0-25重量%的一种或多种碳酸盐,例如碳酸钙;和0-20重量%的一种或多种二氧化硅。在更优选的实施方式中,填料包,相对于所述填料包的总重,包含15-25重量%的硫酸钡、3-6重量%的滑石和3-6重量%的硅灰石。业已发现,以上填料组合导致降低的吸油性并且更好的涂层平滑性。
根据本发明,填料包还包含防锈剂。在本文中,“防锈剂”是可以防止金属基材锈蚀的试剂。在一个实施方式中,所述防锈剂可以是磷酸锌、离子交换的二氧化硅类防锈剂或其组合。作为防锈剂的实例,可以使用任意适当的可商购产品,诸如上海格黄颜料厂苏州分厂的磷锌白409-1;诸如英国的Grace公司的的离子交换的二氧化硅AC-3。在优选的实施方式中,填料包,相对于所述填料包的总重,包含1至5重量%、优选1至3重量%的防锈剂。
根据本发明,填料包的总量可以在宽范围内变化,例如其总量相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重为约5重量%至约70重量%,优选为约15重量%至约65重量%。
在本发明的实施方式中,所述环氧树脂组分可以进一步包含常用在环氧树脂漆中的附加添加剂。适当的附加添加剂可以包括润湿分散剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、颜料、流平剂、溶剂或其任意组合中的一种或多种。
适当的润湿分散剂可以包括离子型润湿分散剂、非离子型润湿分散剂或多官能团型润湿分散剂。作为离子型润湿分散剂的实例,可以使用购自德国Tego公司的Dispers 715W。作为非离子型润湿分散剂的实例,可以使用购自德国Tego公司的Dispers 740W。作为多官能团润湿分散剂的实例,可以使用购自德国Tego公司的Dispers 760W。
适当的消泡剂包括有机硅氧烷类消泡剂、聚醚类消泡剂、聚醚改性的有机硅类消泡剂或其任意组合。作为有机硅氧烷类消泡剂的实例,可以使用购自德国BYK公司的BYK 024。作为聚醚类消泡剂的实例,可以使用购自德国BYK公司的BYK-1660。作为聚醚改性的有机硅类消泡剂的实例,可以使用购自EVONIK公司的TEGO foamex 810。
适当的增稠剂包括聚氨酯类增稠剂、纤维素醚类增稠剂或其任意组合。作为聚氨酯类增稠剂的实例,可以使用购自美国Rohm&Hass的RM-8W增稠剂。作为纤维素醚类增稠剂的实例,可以使用购自荷兰AkzoNoble的Bermocoll EBS 451FQ。
适当的流平剂包括聚硅氧烷流平剂、聚丙烯酸类流平剂或其任意组合物。作为聚硅氧烷流平剂的实例,可以使用购自德国BYK公司的1660。
适当的溶剂包括本领域已知的任何适用于涂料组合物的溶剂,其包括但不限于脂肪烃溶剂、芳香烃溶剂、萜烯类溶剂、醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醇醚及酯醚类溶剂、取代烃类溶剂或其任意组合。优选地,所述溶剂包括酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂或其任意组合,更优选地包括醋酸丁酯、乙醇或其任意组合。
根据需要的涂层的颜色,适当的颜料可以包括氧化铁、碳黑、氧化铅、碳酸铅、氧化锌、氧化钛、深海蓝、铬绿或氧化铬中的一种或多种或其组合。在本发明的优选实施方式中,氧化钛被用作颜料。
各个可选成分的含量足以起到其意欲达到目的,但优选地,这样的含量不会不利地影响涂层组合物或由其得到的固化涂层。根据本发明,附加添加剂的总量相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重在约0.1重量%至约15重量%的范围内。
本发明的环氧树脂组分的制备可以采用本领域普通技术人员所熟知的任何适当的混合方法来实现。例如环氧树脂组分可以通过如下制成:将环氧树脂、液体石油树脂、填料包和附加添加剂(如果有的话)添加到容器中,然后将所得混合物搅拌均匀。
根据本发明,胺组分与环氧树脂组分的重量比可以在8∶100至20∶100的范围内变化。一般而言,当胺组分与环氧树脂组分的重量比小于8∶100时,所得涂层的固化性能不良。一般而言,当胺组分与环氧树脂组分的重量比大于20∶100时,那么所得环氧树脂漆的操作性能以及/或者所得涂层的机械性质可能会下降。根据实际需要,可以在胺组分和/或环氧树脂组分的制备期间添加额外的不会对以上胺组分和环氧树脂组分的反应性造成影响的惰性稀释剂,以例如降低各组分的粘度。因而,胺组分与环氧树脂组分的重量比并不局限于上述范围,可以根据实际需要调整。
根据本发明,双组份环氧树脂漆可以通过如下制备:应用前,将环氧树脂组分与胺组分以预定重量比在混合装置中进行简单混合。混合的环氧树脂漆可使用本领域技术人员熟悉的各种方法来涂覆,包括喷涂(例如,空气辅助、无空气或静电喷涂)、刷涂、辊涂、溢涂和浸渍。在本发明的一个实施方式中,混合的环氧树脂漆通过喷涂来进行涂覆。环氧树脂漆可被涂成各种湿膜厚度。在本发明的实施方式中,湿膜厚度优选地提供约13至约260μm(约0.5至约10密耳)的干膜厚度,且更优选地是约25至约75μm(约1至约3密耳)。可以通过使涂覆的涂层风干或通过使用本领域技术人员熟悉的各种干燥装置(例如,烘箱)加速固化来使其固化。用于固化环氧树脂漆的优选加热温度是约30℃至约50℃,且更优选地是约35℃至约55℃,且优选的加热时间是至少三分钟至小于60分钟、小于45分钟、小于40分钟。加热时间将倾向于随温度增加或气流增加而减少。
下述实施例更具体地描述了本发明公开的内容,这些实施例仅仅用于阐述性说明,因为在本发明公开内容的范围内进行各种修正和变化对本领域技术人员来说是明显的。除非另有声明,以下实施例中所报道的所有份、百分比、和比值都是基于重量计,而且实施例中使用的所有试剂都可商购并且可直接使用而无需进一步处理。
测试方法
适用期:将本发明的环氧树脂漆的两个组分混合,然后在20±1℃的室温条件下静置,测定该体系的粘度达到初始粘度2倍所花费的时间。
低温固化时间:将本发明的环氧树脂漆涂覆到基材上,然后测定在5℃下,漆膜铅笔硬度达到2B的时间,其中所述漆膜铅笔硬度根据GB/T6739测定。
高温固化时间:将本发明的环氧树脂漆涂覆到基材上,然后测定在40℃下,漆膜硬度铅笔达到H的时间,其中所述漆膜硬度根据GB/T 6739测定。
盐雾测试:是一种用于测定涂覆到金属表面上的涂层的耐腐蚀性的标准化方法。这个测试在盐雾箱中进行,其中盐溶液(通常5%NaCl)被雾化,然后喷到其上涂覆有50μm干膜厚的本发明的双组份环氧树脂漆的喷砂板的表面上。该面板由此保持在高腐蚀性环境的盐雾中。根据ASTMB117(用于操作盐雾装置的标准实践)使用测试参数。
然后,通过划叉粘附测试的起泡评级,来分析经受盐雾测试的面板的耐腐蚀性。根据GB/T 1771标准,将涂层的起泡性能分成0~10级,其中0级代表小于10面积%的涂层起泡,10级代表几乎100面积%的涂层起泡,6级表示60面积%以上但低于70面积%的涂层起泡。涂层起泡面积越大,耐盐雾腐蚀性越差。
各实例中使用的原料列在如下表1中。
实施例1
聚酰胺固化剂的制备
在室温下,将150g重量比为1∶1∶1的1,4-二氨基环己烷、乙二胺和间苯二胺的混合物与100g的商购自Union Camp公司14号二聚酸添加到安装有温度计、顶部搅拌器、气体入口和蒸馏装置的四口烧瓶中。将反应混合物加热至100-120℃。通过共沸蒸馏,从反应混合物中去除反应所生成的水。当没有反应水生成时,停止反应。所得产物为聚酰胺固化剂。
经测试,所述聚酰胺固化剂的胺值为150mg KOH/g固化剂并且在25℃下具有2500mPa.s的粘度。
曼尼期碱固化剂的制备
在室温下,将150g重量比为1∶1∶1的1,4-二氨基环己烷、乙二胺和间苯二胺的混合物与100g的甲醛与苯酚的1∶1加合物添加到安装有温度计、顶部搅拌器、气体入口和蒸馏装置的四口烧瓶中。将反应混合物加热至100-105℃。通过共沸蒸馏,从反应混合物中去除反应所生成的水。当没有反应水生成时,停止反应。所得产物为曼尼期碱固化剂。
经测试,所述曼尼期碱固化剂的胺值为200mg KOH/g固化剂并且在25℃下具有2000mPa.s的粘度。
固化组分的制备
在混合容器中,以1∶1的重量比混合上述合成的聚酰胺固化剂和曼尼期碱固化剂,然后向所得到的混合物中添加1%的DMP 30,从而得到胺组分。
环氧树脂组分的制备
将45.5kg的双酚A环氧树脂、15kg的液体石油树脂、35kg的填料包(包含1-3%的磷酸锌、3-6%的滑石粉、0.6-1.3%的离子交换型二氧化硅、15-25%的沉淀硫酸钡和3-6%的硅灰石)和0.5kg的附加添加剂(包括0.1-5%的聚醚改性有机硅、95-99.9%的醋酸丁酯和乙醇)添加到混合容器中并混合,然后在800-1000rpm下搅拌至均匀,从而得到环氧树脂组分。
双组份环氧树脂漆的制备
在使用前,将由此制备的环氧树脂组分与胺组分以100∶12的重量比混合,并测定其适用期。经测试,在20℃下,本发明的双组份环氧树脂漆具有6小时的适用期。
涂层的形成
将适当量的上述双组份环氧树脂漆涂覆在喷砂板上,从而形成干膜厚度为约50微米的涂层。
根据测试部分所述,测定该涂层的在5℃下的低温固化时间、在40℃下的高温固化时间和耐盐雾性。结果示于下表2中。
对比例A-聚酰胺固化剂
将本发明的环氧树脂组分与商购的聚酰胺固化剂以100∶12的重量比混合,并测定其适用期。经测试,在20℃下,本发明的双组份环氧树脂漆具有10小时的适用期。
将适当量的上述双组份环氧树脂漆涂覆在喷砂板上,从而形成干膜厚度为约50微米的涂层。根据测试部分所述,5℃下测定该涂层的表干时间、实干时间和耐盐雾性。结果示于下表2中。
对比例B-曼尼期碱固化剂
将本发明的环氧树脂组分与商购的曼尼期碱固化剂以100∶12的重量比混合,并测定其适用期。经测试,在20℃下,本发明的双组份环氧树脂漆具有7小时的适用期。
将适当量的上述双组份环氧树脂漆涂覆在喷砂板上,在5℃下从而形成干膜厚度为约50微米的涂层。根据测试部分所述,测定该涂层的表干时间、实干时间和耐盐雾性。结果示于下表2中。
表2
Note:锈蚀长度是指,以划叉线为基准,一定时间之后锈蚀部分与该基准之间的距离。
由以上结果可见,本发明得到了具有平衡的适用期和干燥速度同时具有优异的耐腐蚀性的双组份环氧树脂漆。
尽管本发明参照大量实施方式和实施例进行描述,但是本领域普通技术人员根据本发明公开的内容能够认识到可以设计其它实施方式,这并未脱离本发明的保护范围和精神。
Claims (17)
1.一种双组份环氧树脂漆,其包含:
a)环氧树脂组分;和
b)用于固化所述环氧树脂组分的胺组分,所述胺组分包含:
i)至少一种聚酰胺固化剂;和
ii)至少一种曼尼期碱固化剂,
其中,所述聚酰胺固化剂和所述曼尼期碱固化剂中的至少一种由包含至少一种脂环族多胺的一种或多种多胺衍生得到,并且其中所述脂环族多胺以相对于所述多胺的总量30wt%或更高的量存在,
其中,环氧树脂组分a)与胺组分b)的重量比在100∶8至100∶20的范围内。
2.如权利要求1所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述脂环族多胺以相对于所述多胺的总量40wt%或更高的量存在。
3.如权利要求1至2中任意一项所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述脂环族多胺包括具有至少一个环己基、环庚基、环戊基或其组合的多胺。
4.如权利要求1所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述曼尼期碱固化剂与所述聚酰胺固化剂的重量比在10∶90至90∶10的范围内。
5.如权利要求1所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述聚酰胺固化剂具有100mg KOH/g固化剂或更高的胺值,并且包含相对于所述聚酰胺固化剂的总重,1wt%或更高的烯属不饱和基团。
6.如权利要求5所述的双组分环氧树脂漆,其中,所述聚酰胺固化剂在25℃下具有2000mPa.s或更高的粘度。
7.如权利要求1所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述曼尼期碱固化剂具有150mg KOH/g固化剂或更高的胺值,并且包含相对于所述曼尼期碱固化剂的总重,1wt%或更高的酚羟基。
8.如权利要求7所述的双组分环氧树脂漆,其中,所述曼尼期碱固化剂在25℃下具有2000mPa.s或更高的粘度。
9.如权利要求1所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述胺组分还包含固化促进剂,所述固化促进剂优选选自由含有酚羟基的叔胺组成的组。
10.如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述环氧树脂组分包含,相对于所述环氧树脂组分的总重,
10-85重量%的环氧树脂;
1-20重量%的液体石油树脂;和
5-70重量%的填料包,
0-15重量%的附加添加剂,所述附加添加剂包括润湿分散剂、消泡剂、增稠剂、流平剂、溶剂、颜料或其任意组合。
11.如权利要求10所述的双组分环氧树脂漆,其中,所述环氧树脂具有0.1当量/(100g环氧树脂)或更高的环氧值,其中环氧值指100g环氧树脂中含有的环氧基团的摩尔数。
12.如权利要求10所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述环氧树脂在25℃下具有10,000mPa.s或更低的粘度。
13.如权利要求10所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述环氧树脂包括,多元酚的二缩水甘油醚;多元醇的二缩水甘油醚;酚醛树脂的多缩水甘油醚;或其任意组合。
14.如权利要求13所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述环氧树脂为具有如下结构式(I)的多元酚的二缩水甘油醚:
其中,
D表示-S-、-S-S-、-SO-、-SO2-、-CO2-、-CO-、-O-或二价C1-C10亚烷基,
每个Y独立地表示卤素,或可选被取代的一价C1-C10烃基,
每个m独立地表示0、1、2、3或4,
n是0至4的整数。
15.如权利要求10所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述液体石油树脂具有2000g/mol或更低的分子量。
16.如权利要求10所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其中,所述填料包包含,相对于所述填料包的总重,
1-5重量%的一种或多种防锈剂;
5-40重量%的一种或多种硅酸盐;
10-40重量%的一种或多种硫酸盐;
0-25重量%的一种或多种碳酸盐;和
0-20重量%的一种或多种二氧化硅。
17.如权利要求1至16中任意一项所述的双组份环氧树脂漆,其为底漆、面漆、中间漆或底面合一涂料。
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