CN107272255B - 包含K-Si-F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

包含K-Si-F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN107272255B
CN107272255B CN201611262224.5A CN201611262224A CN107272255B CN 107272255 B CN107272255 B CN 107272255B CN 201611262224 A CN201611262224 A CN 201611262224A CN 107272255 B CN107272255 B CN 107272255B
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liquid crystal
crystal display
display device
resin
light
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CN107272255A (zh
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赵洪烈
曺圭中
南贤哲
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Escape Mcavo Solutions Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及包含K‑Si‑F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置，本发明的液晶显示装置使从光源发出的纯RGB波长最大限度地透射过去，并吸收RGB波长以外的不必要的波长，从而能够提高色纯度。

Description

包含K-Si-F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及通过包含K-Si-F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜而使得色纯度的提高极大化的液晶显示装置。
背景技术
以前，40英寸(")的电视为主流，而现在出现了很多购买50"、进一步为60"电视的消费者。在这种对于尺寸的竞争结束后，开始了对于分辨率的竞争。在一年前全高清(FHD)级别就已经属于高级型号，但是现在超高清(UHD)正在急速扩散到市场上。
最近的显示器市场正在从大屏幕、高分辨率竞争进化为色彩竞争。由于这种原因，对具有优异色彩的显示器的制备方面的竞争呈上升趋势。
液晶显示装置(liquid crystal display，LCD)是利用液晶(liquid cr ystal)的光学特性来显示图像，但由于显示图像的液晶面板为不能自身发光的非发光型元件，因此液晶显示装置具有包含与液晶面板一起在其背面配置有对液晶面板供给光的背光单元(back-light unit)的结构。液晶显示装置作为用于移动设备、电脑的显示屏及高清晰度电视(HDTV)等的显示装置而受到关注，但是在色彩方面与其它显示装置相比有所落后。
此外，最近为了实现高色彩再现显示器而提出的多种解决方案中，最为活跃地进行开发的是将包含K-Si-F类荧光体的红色荧光体用于发光元件封装中的显示器(参见韩国公开专利第2015-0082426号及日本公开专利第2010-93132号)。但是，在为了UHD广播而改变画质规范的实际情况下，通过使用K-Si-F类荧光体的发光元件封装而能够实现的色彩再现水平对于较新的规范来说处于不足的水平。
为此，需要能够将现有的LCD的色纯度跨越性地提高至新的规范水平的新技术。
发明内容
要解决的技术问题
因此，本发明的目的在于，提供通过最大限度地透射从光源发出的纯RGB波长，并阻断RGB波长以外的不必要的波长，从而能够极大化地提高液晶显示装置的色纯度的液晶显示装置。
技术方案
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供包含背光单元及液晶面板的液晶显示装置，所述背光单元包含含有K-Si-F类荧光体的白色发光元件封装；所述背光单元、液晶面板或两者的结构中均具备一个以上的涂层或粘附层，所述一个以上的涂层或粘附层包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料。
发明的效果
根据本发明，通过将吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料导入到液晶显示装置的粘附层或涂层中，并将K-Si-F类荧光体应用于发光元件封装中，从而最大限度地透射从光源发出的纯RGB波长，并阻断RGB波长以外的不必要的波长而提高色域(gamut)，由此能够制造出色纯度得到极大化提高的液晶显示装置。
附图说明
图1为示出本发明一实施方案的液晶显示装置的结构的模式图。
图2a至图2d为分别示出双重亮度增强膜、扩散片、水平棱镜片及反射板的结构的模式图。
图3为示出本发明一实施方案的白色发光元件封装的结构的模式图。
图4为示出作为本发明一实施方案的白色发光元件封装的图3的部分放大图。
图5为示出实施例1的液晶显示装置的结构的模式图。
图6至图8为实施例1、比较例1及比较例2的液晶显示装置的发光光谱的图。
附图标记说明
10：液晶面板 101：上偏光板
102：第一粘附层 103：液晶单元
104：第二粘附层 105：下偏光板
20：背光单元 211：双重亮度增强膜(DBEF)
221：上扩散片 202：水平棱镜片
203：垂直棱镜片 204：下扩散片
205：导光板 206：反射板
221-1：第一珠 221-2：扩散涂层
221-3：扩散片基材 221-4：隐蔽涂层
221-5：第二珠 202-1：棱镜图案层
202-2：棱镜片基材 202-3：背面涂层
202-4：第三珠 206-1：第四珠
206-2：正面涂层 206-3：反射板基材
300：白色发光元件封装 310、320：引线框
330：发光元件 340：电线
350：树脂层 360：外装材料
370：K-Si-F类荧光体 a、b、c：光
具体实施方式
本发明的液晶显示装置包含背光单元及液晶面板，所述背光单元包含含有K-Si-F类荧光体的白色发光元件封装，所述背光单元、液晶面板或两者的结构中均具备一个以上的涂层或粘附层，所述一个以上的涂层或粘附层包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料。
图1中示出了本发明一实施方案的液晶显示装置的结构。
参照图1，液晶面板10以依次层压的形态包含上偏光板101、第一粘附层102、液晶单元(liquid crystal cell)103、第二粘附层104及下偏光板105，背光单元20可以依次包含选自双重亮度增强膜(Double Brig ht Enhancement Film，DBEF)211或上扩散片221、水平棱镜片202、垂直棱镜片203、下扩散片204、导光板205及反射板206中的两种以上。
此外，参照图2a至图2d，双重亮度增强膜211可以具有多层的结构(未图示)，上扩散片221在扩散片基材221-3的一面上可以具有具备第一珠(bead)221-1的扩散涂层221-2，相反面上可以具有具备第二珠221-5的用于防止浸透(wet-out)的珠涂层221-4。进一步地，水平棱镜片202在棱镜片基材202-2的一面上可以具有棱镜图案层202-1，相反面上可以具有具备第三珠202-4的背面涂层202-3。此外，垂直棱镜片203也可以具有与所述水平棱镜片202相同的层结构。此外，下扩散片204可以具有与所述上扩散片221相同的层结构。进一步地，反射板206在反射板基材206-3的一面上可以具有具备第四珠206-1的正面涂层206-2。
但是，本发明的液晶显示装置不限于上述结构，根据需要可以进行多种变形。
观察液晶显示装置的基本原理可知，从光源发出的光经过导光板被引导至液晶面板方向后，通过光扩散片的同时向垂直于面的水平/垂直方向扩散，从而使得光亮度急剧下降，因此将使从光扩散片发出的光通过棱镜片，从而阻挡光从出光面正面以外的方向出去，并提高光定向性而缩小视角，由此增大背光出光面正面方向的亮度。此时，在背光单元中可以使用如双重亮度增强膜等另外的片材，从而能够通过光回收利用(recycling)使亮度增大极大化。
根据本发明，所述背光单元、液晶面板或两者的结构中均具备涂层或粘附层，所述涂层或粘附层包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料。
所述液晶面板依次包含上偏光板、第一粘附层、液晶单元、第二粘附层及下偏光板，所述第一粘附层、第二粘附层或两者均可以包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料。例如，所述粘附层可以在上偏光板及下偏光板的一面或两面上通过湿式涂布来形成。
所述粘附层的厚度可以为2～100μm、5～100μm或15～25μm。
此外，所述粘附层可以包含减压性粘合剂。所述减压性粘合剂可例举如选自丙烯酸类、氨基甲酸乙酯类、环氧类及硅类粘合剂中的一种以上。具体地，所述减压性粘合剂可以为丙烯酸类粘合剂。
所述背光单元可以依次包含选自双重亮度增强膜(DBEF)或上扩散片、棱镜片、下扩散片、导光板及反射板中的两种以上，所述双重亮度增强膜或上扩散片的一面或两面、所述棱镜片的一面或两面、所述下扩散片的一面或两面、所述导光板的一面或两面及所述反射板的一面中的一个以上的位置上具有涂层，所述涂层可以包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料。例如，所述涂层可以在双重亮度增强膜或上扩散片的一面或两面上、棱镜片的一面或两面上、下扩散片的一面或两面上、导光板的一面或两面上或反射板的一面(即导光板的相对面)上通过湿式涂布来形成。
所述棱镜片可以为水平棱镜片、垂直棱镜片或它们的组合。
所述涂层的厚度可以为1～100μm、2～100μm或2～15μm。
所述涂层可以包含粘合剂树脂。所述粘合剂树脂可例举如选自聚酯类、丙烯酸类、聚氨酯类、三聚氰胺类、聚乙烯醇类及恶唑啉类粘合剂树脂中的一种以上的树脂。具体地，所述粘合剂树脂可以为丙烯酸类粘合剂树脂。
将包含所述吸收染料的粘附层及涂层称为色纯度增强膜，根据所述色纯度增强膜的位置，尤其是根据涂层的位置，液晶显示装置的发光色纯度及亮度损失会不同，因此可以根据需要适当调节其位置。
此外，所述吸收染料可以为主吸收波段为RGB以外的波段的吸收染料的至少一种以上的组合。具体地，所述吸收染料可以具有380～430nm、480～510nm或560～600nm的主吸收波段。例如，屏蔽380～430nm的波段的吸收染料可以例举如羟基苯并三唑(Hydroxybenzotriazole，HB)类、三-间苯二酚-三嗪发色团(Tris-Resorcinol-Triazinechromophore，TRTC)类、羟苯基-苯并三唑发色团(Hydroxylphenyl-benzotriazolechromophore，HBC)类吸收染料；屏蔽480～510nm波段的吸收染料可以例举如吡咯次甲基(pyrrole methine，PM)类、若丹明(Rhodamin，RH)类、硼二吡咯亚甲基(BoronDipyrromethene，BODIBY)类吸收染料；屏蔽560～600nm的波段的吸收染料可以例举如四氮杂卟啉(Tetra aza porphyrin，TAP)类、若丹明类，方酸菁(Squarine，SQ)类、花青(Cyanine，CY)类吸收染料。
所述吸收染料可以选自羟基苯并三唑(HB)类、三-间苯二酚-三嗪发色团(TRTC)类、羟苯基-苯并三唑发色团(HBC)类、吡咯次甲基类、若丹明类、硼二吡咯亚甲基类、四氮杂卟啉类、方酸菁类及花青类染料。更具体地，所述吸收染料可以选自羟基苯并三唑类、花青类、吡咯次甲基类及四氮杂卟啉类染料。更具体地，所述吸收染料可以为羟基苯并三唑类、花青类及四氮杂卟啉类染料的组合。
以涂层或粘附层总重量计，可以包含0.01～10重量％的所述吸收染料。具体地，以涂层或粘附层总重量计，可以包含0.05～7重量％的所述吸收染料。
为了阻断紫外光，所述粘附层及涂层可以进一步包含紫外线阻断剂。所述紫外线阻断剂用于吸收(屏蔽)430nm以下的光，例如，可以单独或混合两种以上来使用羟基苯并三唑(HB，hydroxy benzotriazole)类、三-间苯二酚-三嗪发色团(TRTC，tris-resorcinol-triazine chromophore)类或羟苯基-苯并三唑发色团(HBC，hydroxylphenyl-benzotriazole chrom ophore)类紫外线阻断剂。
以粘附层或涂层总重量计，所述粘附层及涂层可以包含0.01～10重量％或0.05～7重量％的紫外线阻断剂。
所述粘附层及涂层的透光率可以根据液晶显示装置的亮度范围来进行调整，具体地，可以具有30～90％或50～90％的可见光透光率。
此外，所述背光单元的白色发光元件封装包含含有K-Si-F类荧光体的树脂层，及发出能够激发所述K-Si-F类荧光体的近紫外线或蓝色光的发光元件。
图3中示出了本发明一实施方式的白色发光元件封装的结构的模式图。在图3中概略地示出了发光元件330，但水平型发光元件或垂直型发光元件均可以利用，例如，其可以为氮化物半导体发光二极管(LED)芯片。
参照图3及图4，所述白色发光元件封装300包含一对引线框310、320和根据电压的施加而发光的发光元件330。
所述发光元件330与引线框310、320是通过电线340进行电连接，发光元件330上通过浇铸(moulding)形成有包含K-Si-F类荧光体的树脂层350。所述树脂层350可以通过浇铸形成在发光元件330的整个周围，但根据需要也可以通过浇铸而部分地形成在发光部位。即，在高输出发光元件的情况下，因发光元件330的大型化而进行整体浇铸时，会不利于分散在透光性树脂中的荧光体370的均匀分散。在这种情况下，在发光部位进行部分浇铸会有利。
所述发光元件330可以发出能够激发K-Si-F类荧光体的近紫外线或蓝色光。具体地，所述发光元件可以发出350～460nm波长区域的蓝色光。
所述树脂层350是通过浇铸形成在所述发光元件上，并可以包含透光性树脂及分散在所述透光性树脂中的K-Si-F类荧光体370(参见图4)。所述透光性树脂可以包含选自环氧树脂、硅树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、尿素树脂及丙烯酸树脂中的一种以上。具体地，可以为环氧树脂或硅树脂。
以透光性树脂100重量份计，所述树脂层可以包含0.01～20重量份的K-Si-F类荧光体。具体地，以透光性树脂100重量份计，可以包含1～10重量份的K-Si-F类荧光体。
所述K-Si-F类荧光体370可以为K2SiF6:Mn红色荧光体。所述K2SiF6:Mn是指掺杂四价锰(即Mn4+)的K2SiF6，其是指一部分作为四价阳离子的硅被锰所取代。具体地，掺杂四价锰的K2SiF6可以显示为K2Si1-mMnmF6，所述m可以为0.001～0.15，详细地，可以为0.01～0.12。
此外，所述树脂层除了K-Si-F类荧光体之外，可以根据需要进一步包含各种绿色荧光体、红色荧光体、琥珀色(amber)荧光体及它们的组合。
此外，树脂层350上可以具备封闭元件整体的外部空间的外装材料360。
所述白色发光元件封装可以发出420～700nm的波长区域的宽波长的白色光。
构成本发明的液晶显示装置的背光单元及液晶面板各个结构层可以具有本领域通常允许的材质、厚度、形态等，且根据需要可以进行多种变形。
如上所述，本发明的包含K-Si-F类荧光体及色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置可以最大限度地透射从光源发出的纯RGB波长，并阻断RGB波长以外的不必要的波长，从而可以提供得到提高的色域及亮度，并且通过自由地移动色纯度增强膜的位置，从而可以根据显示装置的特性来极大化色纯度提高效果。
实施例
下面，将通过下述实施例更详细地说明本发明。但是，下述实施例仅用于例示本发明，本发明的范围并不仅限定于此。
实施例1
混合25重量％的丙烯酸粘合剂树脂(综研化学株式会社(Soken)，GS1000)和75重量％的甲基乙基酮(methylethetylketone，MEK)，从而制备溶液，然后以所述溶液100重量份计，添加0.05重量份的吸收染料(SK化学公司，SK-d593，主吸收波段：560～600nm)，从而制备涂层组合物。
利用迈尔棒(mayer bar)在扩散膜(制造商：爱思开哈斯(SKC-HAAS)，产品名：CH19)的一面上涂布所述涂层组合物，并进行干燥及固化而形成厚度为5μm的涂层(色纯度增强膜)，然后将形成有所述涂层的扩散膜作为下扩散板而导入到液晶面板上，以使涂层朝向导光板，从而制得本发明的液晶显示装置(参见图5)。
此时，使用了背光单元，所述背光单元使用了包含K-Si-F类荧光体(K2SiF6:Mn)的白色发光元件封装。具体地，背光单元使用了依次层压双重亮度增强膜、水平棱镜片、垂直棱镜片、下扩散片、导光板及反射板的结构。
比较例1
在下扩散板的一面上没有形成包含吸收染料的涂层，并且使用的背光单元为使用了包含钇铝石榴石(YAG)荧光体(Y3Al5O12)的白色发光元件封装的背光单元(制备公司：LG电子，产品名：55UB8400)之外，制备了与所述实施例1具有相同结构的液晶显示装置。
比较例2
在下扩散板的一面上没有形成包含吸收染料的涂层外，制备了与上述实施例1具有相同结构的(即，没有改变结构而是与市售的产品相同的结构)液晶显示装置。
实验例1
利用辐射计(radiometer，CS-2000；美能达(Minolta))对所述实施例1、比较例1及比较例2的液晶显示装置进行光谱的变化及特性的测定，并将其结果显示在表1及图6～图8中。色域显示出色彩再现面积。
表1
Figure BDA0001200007150000091
如上述表1中所示，与使用YAG荧光体的液晶显示装置的比较例1相比，使用K-Si-F类荧光体的液晶显示装置的比较例2及实施例1显示出得到提高的色纯度。但是，在使用K-Si-F类荧光体的液晶显示装置上进一步使用色纯度增强膜的实施例1比比较例2显示出得到提高的色纯度。因此，可以期待包含本发明的色纯度增强膜的液晶显示装置能够满足作为UHD标准使用的数字电影系统技术规范(DCI)或超高清电视国际标准(BT.2020)规范。

Claims (10)

1.包含背光单元及液晶面板的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，
所述背光单元包含含有K-Si-F类荧光体的白色发光元件封装；
所述背光单元、液晶面板或两者的结构中均具备一个以上的涂层或粘附层，所述一个以上的涂层或粘附层包含吸收特定波段的一种以上的吸收染料，
所述粘附层的厚度为15～25μm，所述粘附层包含丙烯酸类粘合剂，
所述涂层的厚度为2～15μm，所述涂层包含丙烯酸类粘合剂树脂，
所述一种以上的吸收染料为羟基苯并三唑类、花青类及四氮杂卟啉类染料的组合，
以所述涂层或粘附层总重量计，以0.01～10重量％的量包含所述一种以上的吸收染料，
所述一种以上的吸收染料具有380～430nm、480～510nm或560～600nm的主吸收波段。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板依次包含上偏光板、第一粘附层、液晶单元、第二粘附层及下偏光板；
所述第一粘附层、第二粘附层或两者均包含吸收特定波段的所述一种以上的吸收染料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述背光单元依次包含选自双重亮度增强膜或上扩散片、棱镜片、下扩散片、导光板及反射板中的两种以上；
所述双重亮度增强膜或上扩散片的一面或两面、所述棱镜片的一面或两面、所述下扩散片的一面或两面、所述导光板的一面或两面及所述反射板的一面中的一个以上的位置上具有涂层；
所述涂层包含吸收特定波段的所述一种以上的吸收染料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述一种以上的吸收染料具有RGB以外的主吸收波段。
5.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述白色发光元件封装包含含有K-Si-F类荧光体的树脂层；及发出能够激发所述K-Si-F类荧光体的近紫外线或蓝色光的发光元件。
6.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述树脂层是通过浇铸形成在所述发光元件上，并包含透光性树脂及分散在所述透光性树脂中的K-Si-F类荧光体。
7.根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述透光性树脂为选自环氧树脂、硅树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、尿素树脂及丙烯酸树脂中的一种以上。
8.根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，以透光性树脂100重量份计，所述树脂层包含0.01～20重量份的K-Si-F类荧光体。
9.根据权利要求5所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述K-Si-F类荧光体为K2SiF6:Mn红色荧光体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述发光元件发出350～460nm波长区域的蓝色光，所述白色发光元件封装发出420～700nm波长区域的白色光。
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TWI610117B (zh) 2018-01-01
CN107272255A (zh) 2017-10-20
JP2017187744A (ja) 2017-10-12
JP6486975B2 (ja) 2019-03-20
KR20170112759A (ko) 2017-10-12
US10012787B2 (en) 2018-07-03
US20170285247A1 (en) 2017-10-05
TW201736920A (zh) 2017-10-16

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