CN107261189A - 剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法 - Google Patents

剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107261189A
CN107261189A CN201710488413.2A CN201710488413A CN107261189A CN 107261189 A CN107261189 A CN 107261189A CN 201710488413 A CN201710488413 A CN 201710488413A CN 107261189 A CN107261189 A CN 107261189A
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sisal fiber
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warp
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hospital gauze
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CN107261189B (zh
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刘钰馨
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Zhu Tiefeng
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Guangxi Teachers College
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，将经线和纬线相互编织，所述经线为质量比为2:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成，所述纬线为质量比为1:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成。本发明制备的医用纱布能够抗菌、保湿、止血，促进窗口愈合的优点。

Description

剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用敷料技术领域。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法。
背景技术
随着对伤口愈合研究的深入，人们认识到使用敷料的目的远远不只是为了覆盖创面，敷料还必须能够促进伤口愈合。由于损伤或疾病等因素造成皮肤缺损时，常常造成创面水分、电解质及蛋白质丢失，开放的创面还增加了感染的概率，早起有效封闭创面可以减少上述并发症的发生。现有的纱布容易粘结创口的血肉造成粘贴和撕扯，不仅不能有效止血，还有可能造成创口感染细菌。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是解决至少上述问题，并提供至少后面将说明的优点。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其能够抗菌、保湿、止血，促进窗口愈合的优点。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点，提供了一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，将经线和纬线相互编织，所述经线为质量比为2:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成，所述纬线为质量比为1:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成；
所述改性剑麻纤维的制备方法为：将剑麻纤维剪切，用锦纶网过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，浸泡于20wt.％的提取液中，在80℃下保持24h，其中提取液的溶质包括质量比为4:1的过氧乙酸与冰醋酸，过滤、清洗固态物至pH为7，加水制成剑麻纤维分散体系，加入分散剂、渗透剂，搅拌、打浆，形成均匀分散的纤维浆液，浸泡于5wt.％的溶解液中，在50℃下保持30min，其中溶解液的溶质包括质量比为1:15的四甲基哌啶氧化物与亚氯酸钠，然后加入10wt.％的次氯酸钠溶液，保持至少48h，过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，即得；
所述改性剑麻纤维在混纺编制前经过预处理：将质量比为1:1:10的丝瓜络、玉米须与水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，旋蒸至原有体积的1/2，得到浓缩液，将改性剑麻纤维溶解于浓度为5g/L的茶多糖水溶液，超声分散后，加入浓缩液和聚乙烯醇，加热搅拌至稠状，烘干，即得；
所述经线在编织前经过浸渍预处理：将质量比为2:2:1:0.5的鱼腥草、金银花、薄荷、荷叶干燥、粉碎，与10倍质量的水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，得到滤液，将经线在滤液中蒸制至滤液蒸干，然后向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液，烘干，即得；
所述纬线在编织前经过抗菌预处理：配制抗菌液，包括5wt.％的溴氰菊酯、6wt.％的烷基磷酸酯、10wt.％甘油、10wt.％聚乙二醇、0.1wt.％溶葡萄球菌酶、0.5wt.％酯基季铵盐、剩余为水，将抗菌液在距离纬线1m范围内雾化，然后将纬线蒸制30min，烘干，即得。
优选的是，所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，锦纶网规格为40×40cm2、200目，平方米克重30～40g/m2。
优选的是，所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，剑麻纤维分散体系的剑麻纤维的浓度为10wt.％，浴比为400:1。
优选的是，所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，所述经线与所述纬线的预处理均烘干至含水量低于5％。
优选的是，所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，雾化、蒸制在同一密封空间内进行，蒸制时通过高压氮气，保持压力为1MPa。
优选的是，所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液后，停留20min。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果：经线的改性剑麻纤维含量高于纬线，具有更强的韧性；剑麻纤维改性后提高分子取向，以及弹性和断裂伸长率；改性剑麻纤维预处理后大大改善亲水性，不影响创面渗出液流出，使纱布与组织更好贴敷，防止伤口黏连，促进细胞生长；经线浸渍预处理后在创面形成保护膜，抗氧化，改善血液循环，壳聚糖缓释、止血；纬线抗菌预处理后对创面进行抑菌消炎，在体外对临床常见菌株高效杀菌。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现，部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
需要说明的是，下述实施方案中所述实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法，所述试剂和材料，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径获得。
<实施例1>
一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，将经线和纬线相互编织，所述经线为质量比为2:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成，所述纬线为质量比为1:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成；
所述改性剑麻纤维的制备方法为：将剑麻纤维剪切，用锦纶网过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，浸泡于20wt.％的提取液中，在80℃下保持24h，其中提取液的溶质包括质量比为4:1的过氧乙酸与冰醋酸，过滤、清洗固态物至pH为7，加水制成剑麻纤维分散体系，加入分散剂、渗透剂，搅拌、打浆，形成均匀分散的纤维浆液，浸泡于5wt.％的溶解液中，在50℃下保持30min，其中溶解液的溶质包括质量比为1:15的四甲基哌啶氧化物与亚氯酸钠，然后加入10wt.％的次氯酸钠溶液，保持至少48h，过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，即得；
所述改性剑麻纤维在混纺编制前经过预处理：将质量比为1:1:10的丝瓜络、玉米须与水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，旋蒸至原有体积的1/2，得到浓缩液，将改性剑麻纤维溶解于浓度为5g/L的茶多糖水溶液，超声分散后，加入浓缩液和聚乙烯醇，加热搅拌至稠状，烘干，即得；
所述经线在编织前经过浸渍预处理：将质量比为2:2:1:0.5的鱼腥草、金银花、薄荷、荷叶干燥、粉碎，与10倍质量的水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，得到滤液，将经线在滤液中蒸制至滤液蒸干，然后向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液，烘干，即得；
所述纬线在编织前经过抗菌预处理：配制抗菌液，包括5wt.％的溴氰菊酯、6wt.％的烷基磷酸酯、10wt.％甘油、10wt.％聚乙二醇、0.1wt.％溶葡萄球菌酶、0.5wt.％酯基季铵盐、剩余为水，将抗菌液在距离纬线1m范围内雾化，然后将纬线蒸制30min，烘干，即得。
其中，锦纶网规格为40×40cm2、200目，平方米克重30～40g/m2。
其中，剑麻纤维分散体系的剑麻纤维的浓度为10wt.％，浴比为400:1。
其中，所述经线与所述纬线的预处理均烘干至含水量低于5％。
其中，雾化、蒸制在同一密封空间内进行，蒸制时通过高压氮气，保持压力为1MPa。
其中，向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液后，停留20min。
<对比例1>
一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，同实施例1，不同的是，改性剑麻纤维在混纺编制前没有经过预处理。
<对比例2>
一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，同实施例1，不同的是，经线在编织前没有经过浸渍预处理。
<对比例3>
一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，同实施例1，不同的是，纬线在编织前没有经过抗菌预处理。
<剑麻纤维改性研究试验>
对改性剑麻纤维与天然剑麻纤维进行拉伸性能、压缩弹性的测试，结果如表1所示。
表1
表1的结果说明，改性处理后的剑麻纤维的弹性模量下降，断裂伸长率增加，压缩回弹力、回复功百分率增加，说明化学成分、微细结构均有所改善，同时有利于水分子的接近。
<皮肤保湿测试试验>
选取6位健康受试者，年龄为28±2岁，试验前用统一的温和清洁剂清洗左前臂、右前臂，在室温24±1℃环境中静坐20min，然后用数字皮肤水分检测仪检测每个试验部位，分别重复3次，得到平均值，即为该区域皮肤的初始湿度值。然后将6位健康受试者分为3组，每组2位健康受试者，每位健康受试者的左前臂、右前臂均接受测试，3组分别使用实施例1、对比例1制备的纱布、普通医用纱布，每个试验区域为2cm×2cm，在20min、60min、120min分别检测，重复3次，计算平均值，将每次检测的湿度值剪取涂抹前的湿度值即为该时段该部位的适度增加值，结果如表2所示。
表2
由表2可以看出，改性剑麻纤维经预处理后，制备的纱布的皮肤湿度值增加比例明显高于未经预处理的改性剑麻纤维制备的纱布，说明保湿性好，透气性好。
<医用纱布杀菌测试试验>
选取15例有创面细菌感染的患者，进行临床试验，分别观察医用纱布对创面感染菌的杀菌效果和杀菌与创面的粘连性。创面分布较多的菌种为金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC6538)、大肠杆菌(8099)、白色念珠菌(ATCC 10231)、绿脓杆菌，用实施例1、对比例1、对比例3、普通医用纱布浸渍5％磺胺米隆溶液分别于试验前和敷纱布24h后进行创面采样，统计试验后的杀菌率，结果如表3所示。
由表3可以看出，纬线在编织前经过抗菌预处理，制备的纱布的杀菌效果明显优于未经过抗菌处理的纬线制备的纱布以及市售普通医用纱布。
此外，采用实施例1制备的纱布，在创面更换纱布时，纱布并不与创面粘连，病人未感觉到疼痛，采用对比例1制备的纱布，病人均有不同程度的疼痛。
<医用纱布创面愈合测试试验>
选用清洁级大鼠15只，体重200±10g，雄性，随机分为3组，每组5只。将大鼠麻醉，并去除背部的毛，用外科方法剪取2块直径2cm的圆形皮肤形成开放创面，用碘伏棉球消毒止血，分别用实施例1、对比例2、普通医用纱布对3组大鼠进行创面敷设，缝合固定、包扎，单笼饲养，每3d换药1次。
通过肉眼观察，3天时实施例1、对比例2、普通医用纱布组的大鼠创面均有收缩，实施例1收缩较好，肉眼观察创面面积小于对比例2小于普通医用纱布组，7天时实施例1收缩程度明显大于对比例2大于普通医用纱布组，14天时实施例1创面闭合，基本完成创面修复，对比例2创面欠佳，普通医用纱布组明显未闭合。
这里说明的设备数量和处理规模是用来简化本发明的说明的。对本发明的应用、修改和变化对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的实施例。

Claims (6)

1.一种剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，将经线和纬线相互编织，所述经线为质量比为2:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成，所述纬线为质量比为1:1的改性剑麻纤维与脱脂棉纤维混纺编制而成；
所述改性剑麻纤维的制备方法为：将剑麻纤维剪切，用锦纶网过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，浸泡于20wt.％的提取液中，在80℃下保持24h，其中提取液的溶质包括质量比为4:1的过氧乙酸与冰醋酸，过滤、清洗固态物至pH为7，加水制成剑麻纤维分散体系，加入分散剂、渗透剂，搅拌、打浆，形成均匀分散的纤维浆液，浸泡于5wt.％的溶解液中，在50℃下保持30min，其中溶解液的溶质包括质量比为1:15的四甲基哌啶氧化物与亚氯酸钠，然后加入10wt.％的次氯酸钠溶液，保持至少48h，过滤，水洗滤渣、烘干，即得；
所述改性剑麻纤维在混纺编制前经过预处理：将质量比为1:1:10的丝瓜络、玉米须与水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，旋蒸至原有体积的1/2，得到浓缩液，将改性剑麻纤维溶解于浓度为5g/L的茶多糖水溶液，超声分散后，加入浓缩液和聚乙烯醇，加热搅拌至稠状，烘干，即得；
所述经线在编织前经过浸渍预处理：将质量比为2:2:1:0.5的鱼腥草、金银花、薄荷、荷叶干燥、粉碎，与10倍质量的水混合，进行超声波处理，控制超声波功率为120W，保持30min，过滤滤除滤渣，得到滤液，将经线在滤液中蒸制至滤液蒸干，然后向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液，烘干，即得；
所述纬线在编织前经过抗菌预处理：配制抗菌液，包括5wt.％的溴氰菊酯、6wt.％的烷基磷酸酯、10wt.％甘油、10wt.％聚乙二醇、0.1wt.％溶葡萄球菌酶、0.5wt.％酯基季铵盐、剩余为水，将抗菌液在距离纬线1m范围内雾化，然后将纬线蒸制30min，烘干，即得。
2.如权利要求1所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，锦纶网规格为40×40cm2、200目，平方米克重30～40g/m2。
3.如权利要求1所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，剑麻纤维分散体系的剑麻纤维的浓度为10wt.％，浴比为400:1。
4.如权利要求1所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述经线与所述纬线的预处理均烘干至含水量低于5％。
5.如权利要求1所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，雾化、蒸制在同一密封空间内进行，蒸制时通过高压氮气，保持压力为1MPa。
6.如权利要求1所述的剑麻纤维环保医用纱布的制备方法，其特征在于，向经线表面喷洒浓度为5wt.％的壳聚糖溶液后，停留20min。
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