CN107256902A - 一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107256902A
CN107256902A CN201710400445.2A CN201710400445A CN107256902A CN 107256902 A CN107256902 A CN 107256902A CN 201710400445 A CN201710400445 A CN 201710400445A CN 107256902 A CN107256902 A CN 107256902A
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许婷
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法,所述太阳能电池背板膜由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶12‑20份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 20‑32份、双丙甘醇4‑10份、聚酯胶粉12‑24份、聚丙烯酸钠2‑8份、苯扎氯铵4‑10份、聚苯乙烯磺酸20‑30份、二氧化硅8‑14份、聚醚酰亚胺6‑10份、2,6‑二叔丁基‑4‑甲基苯酚2‑8份、羧甲基纤维素钠6‑12份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉1‑7份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.2‑0.8份、受阻胺光稳定剂1‑5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6‑1.8份;本发明所得的太阳能电池背板膜能够有效的延长太阳能背板使用寿命,增强太阳能背板耐热、耐老化、抗水蒸气透过性能,具有较高的击穿电压性能,并且能够与基材完整的粘合在一起,不易剥离;应用前景广阔。

Description

一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法
本申请为申请号:2016108117741,申请日:2016年09月08日,发明名称:一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能电池材料制备技术领域,具体是一种太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
地球环境污染和能源短缺问题日趋严重,太阳能电池发电是解决这两个问题的最有效途径之一;太阳能发电是利用硅等半导体的量子效应原理直接把太阳的可见光转变为电能,但是由于其面对恶劣的天气,我们需要一种材料来保护太阳能电池硅片,面对太阳直射的一面我们一般采用玻璃来保护硅片,而反面则需要采用太阳能电池背膜来保护;太阳能电池组件的背膜位于太阳能电池板的背面,对电池片起到保护和支撑作用,太阳能电池组件的背膜对电池使用寿命、输出功率、安全可靠性起到关键作用;而现有技术的背膜耐候性、阻水性、绝缘性和耐老化性比较差,无法保证电池可靠、稳定、长时间安全使用,影响性能和使用寿命,增加维护成本,因此,迫切需要提出新的太阳能电池背板膜技术,以解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种成本低廉、工艺简单、耐候性、阻水性、耐老化性能好的太阳能电池背板膜及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶12-20份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 20-32份、双丙甘醇4-10份、聚酯胶粉12-24份、聚丙烯酸钠2-8份、苯扎氯铵4-10份、聚苯乙烯磺酸20-30份、二氧化硅8-14份、聚醚酰亚胺6-10份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚2-8份、羧甲基纤维素钠6-12份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉1-7份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.2-0.8份、受阻胺光稳定剂1-5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6-1.8份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶14-18份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 24-28份、双丙甘醇6-8份、聚酯胶粉16-20份、聚丙烯酸钠4-6份、苯扎氯铵5-9份、聚苯乙烯磺酸23-27份、二氧化硅10-12份、聚醚酰亚胺7-9份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚4-6份、羧甲基纤维素钠8-10份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉3-5份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.4-0.6份、受阻胺光稳定剂2-4份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1-1.4份。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:所述太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶16份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 26份、双丙甘醇7份、聚酯胶粉18份、聚丙烯酸钠5份、苯扎氯铵7份、聚苯乙烯磺酸25份、二氧化硅11份、聚醚酰亚胺8份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚5份、羧甲基纤维素钠9份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉4份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.5份、受阻胺光稳定剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1.2份。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为120-160℃,搅拌速度为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为60-80min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:所述步骤2)中,搅拌过程中向反应釜中充入惰性气体,使物料在惰性气体保护下搅拌。
作为本发明再进一步的方案:所述步骤3)中,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明的太阳能电池背板膜成本低廉、制备工艺简单,具有优异的防水气效果及耐候性,抗腐蚀效果好;能够与基材完整的粘合在一起,附着能力强,背板膜不易变形或者脱层,不易剥离,能够有效的延长太阳能背板使用寿命,降低维修维护成本,增强了太阳能背板耐热、耐老化、抗水蒸气透过性能,延展性高,击穿电压强度高,局部放电电压高,具有极强的应用前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶12份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 20份、双丙甘醇4份、聚酯胶粉12份、聚丙烯酸钠2份、苯扎氯铵4份、聚苯乙烯磺酸20份、二氧化硅8份、聚醚酰亚胺6份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚2份、羧甲基纤维素钠6份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉1份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.2份、受阻胺光稳定剂1份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6份。
所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中在惰性气体保护下搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为120℃,搅拌速度为200r/min,搅拌时间为60min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
实施例2
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶20份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF32份、双丙甘醇10份、聚酯胶粉24份、聚丙烯酸钠8份、苯扎氯铵10份、聚苯乙烯磺酸30份、二氧化硅14份、聚醚酰亚胺10份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚8份、羧甲基纤维素钠12份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉7份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.8份、受阻胺光稳定剂5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1.8份。
所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中在惰性气体保护下搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为130℃,搅拌速度为220r/min,搅拌时间为65min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
实施例3
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶14份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF24份、双丙甘醇6份、聚酯胶粉16份、聚丙烯酸钠4份、苯扎氯铵5份、聚苯乙烯磺酸23份、二氧化硅10份、聚醚酰亚胺7份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚4份、羧甲基纤维素钠8份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉3份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.4份、受阻胺光稳定剂2份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1份。
所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中在惰性气体保护下搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为140℃,搅拌速度为240r/min,搅拌时间为70min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
实施例4
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶18份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF28份、双丙甘醇8份、聚酯胶粉20份、聚丙烯酸钠6份、苯扎氯铵9份、聚苯乙烯磺酸27份、二氧化硅12份、聚醚酰亚胺9份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚6份、羧甲基纤维素钠10份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉5份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.6份、受阻胺光稳定剂4份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1.4份。
所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中在惰性气体保护下搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为150℃,搅拌速度为260r/min,搅拌时间为75min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
实施例5
一种太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶16份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF26份、双丙甘醇7份、聚酯胶粉18份、聚丙烯酸钠5份、苯扎氯铵7份、聚苯乙烯磺酸25份、二氧化硅11份、聚醚酰亚胺8份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚5份、羧甲基纤维素钠9份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉4份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.5份、受阻胺光稳定剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1.2份。
所述的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中在惰性气体保护下搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为140℃,搅拌速度为250r/min,搅拌时间为70min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
对比例1
采用实施例5的配方,不同的是配方中无聚三甲基二氢喹啉和聚丙烯酸钠,其制备方法与步骤均与实施例5相同。
对比例2
采用实施例5的配方,不同的是配方中无双丙甘醇和硫代二丙酸二月桂酯,其制备方法与步骤均与实施例5相同。
对比例3
采用实施例5的配方,不同的是配方中无聚酯胶粉和苯扎氯铵,其制备方法与步骤均与实施例5相同。
对比例4
采用实施例5的配方,不同的是配方中无羧甲基纤维素钠、聚三甲基二氢喹啉和硫代二丙酸二月桂酯,其制备方法与步骤均与实施例5相同。
实验例1
对实施例1-5和对比例1-4所得到的太阳能背板膜进行关于拉伸强度、断裂伸长度、剥离强度、局部放电、以及变黄指数的性能测试,测试结果如下表1所示:
表1
从上表1中可知实施例5所制得的太阳能电池背板膜在所有实施例中测试的各项数据均为最优,在与对比例1-4相比较时可得出实施例5的配方制备得到的太阳能电池背板膜性能最优,其配方最为合理,具有显著的性能提高,在拉伸强度、断裂伸长度、剥离强度、局部放电、以及变黄指数各项性能中均具有明显优势。
实验例2
以本发明实施例1-5所得的太阳能电池背板膜为实验组,以市面上普通的背板膜为对照组,分别进行水蒸气透过、人工辐射和热变形实验,所得的结果如下表2所示:
表2
由上表可知本发明实施例1-5所得的产品在水蒸气透过、人工辐射和热变形实验方面均显著优于市面上普通的太阳能电池背板膜;本发明的太阳能电池背板膜成本低廉、制备工艺简单,具有优异的防水气效果及耐候性,抗腐蚀效果好;能够与基材完整的粘合在一起,附着能力强,背板膜不易变形或者脱层,不易剥离,能够有效的延长太阳能背板使用寿命,降低维修维护成本,增强了太阳能背板耐热、耐老化、抗水蒸气透过性能,延展性高,击穿电压强度高,局部放电电压高,具有极强的应用前景。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (1)

1.一种的太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的太阳能电池背板膜,由以下重量份的原料制成:丁基橡胶16份、聚偏氟乙烯PVDF 26份、双丙甘醇7份、聚酯胶粉18份、聚丙烯酸钠5份、苯扎氯铵7份、聚苯乙烯磺酸25份、二氧化硅11份、聚醚酰亚胺8份、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚5份、羧甲基纤维素钠9份、聚三甲基二氢喹啉4份、硫代二丙酸二月桂酯0.5份、受阻胺光稳定剂3份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯1.2份;
所述太阳能电池背板膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配料:按配方称取各原料备用;
2)搅拌混合:将称取好的原料加入到反应釜中搅拌混合均匀,搅拌温度为120-160℃,搅拌速度为200-300r/min,搅拌时间为60-80min,得到混合物;
3)挤出造粒:将步骤2)中所得的混合物放入造粒机中,分四段温度挤出造粒,第一段温度为200-210℃,第二段温度为210-220℃,第三段温度为220-240℃,第四段温度为230-250℃;得到成膜母料;
4)吹膜收卷:将步骤3)中得到的成膜母料采用塑料吹膜机挤出吹膜,得到太阳能电池背板膜,收卷、入库。
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