CN107254250B - 一种高光泽水性uv聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高光泽水性uv聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107254250B CN107254250B CN201710558638.0A CN201710558638A CN107254250B CN 107254250 B CN107254250 B CN 107254250B CN 201710558638 A CN201710558638 A CN 201710558638A CN 107254250 B CN107254250 B CN 107254250B
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- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法，该水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体包括以下重量份的组成原料：水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体30～60份；有机胺0.8～3份；亲水扩链剂II1～4.5份；去离子水30～70份；其中，所述水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体包括以下重量份的组成原料：聚酯多元醇10～20份；小分子扩链剂1～10份；二异氰酸酯15～40份；亲水扩链剂13～12份；催化剂II0.05～0.3份；阻聚剂0.1～1.0份；羟基丙烯酸酯单体2～40份；环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物6～30份；有机溶剂15～50份。该分散体具有高光泽、高硬度、附着力优异、分散稳定期长等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水性UV固化涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们环保意识的提高以及各国对挥发性有机化合物含量的限制，开发绿色环保、节能减排的环境友好型涂料产品已经成为大家的共识。水性光固化涂料继承和发展了传统的油性光固化涂料技术和水性涂料的优点，具有环保、应用面广、安全、施工相对简单等优越的性能优势，近几年在欧美等发达国家发展较快；随着国内消费电子品的崛起，水性UV光固化涂料也受到越来越多人们的青睐。
为满足消费电子品表面防护与装饰的高要求，须先得到综合性能良好的水性UV树脂，特别需保证其高光泽、高硬度、优异附着力及长期分散稳定性。
然而，目前报道的水性光固化树脂普遍存在以下问题：(1)一般水性光固化树脂的固含量为30％～50％，如果固含升高会导致黏度急剧增加，树脂涂膜的硬度、附着等性能急剧降低，但在此固含量下，体系的高水含量会降低涂料的干燥及固化速率，为保证涂料的正常施工就必须增大能耗，因此，如何在不降低漆膜硬度、附着力等性能的情况下，保证光固化速度，降低能耗，提高施工效率成为亟需解决的问题；(2)涂料水分散体系水溶性较差，储存稳定期较短；(3)难以同时保证具有优异的机械性能和长期分散稳定性。因此，亟需开发一种硬度大，附着力优好，分散稳定期长，综合性能优异的水性光固化树脂，以满足现实需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，克服以上背景技术中提到的不足和缺陷，提供一种高光泽、高硬度、附着力优异、分散稳定期长的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，并且相应的提供了一种上述材料的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出的技术方案为：
一种高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，包括以下重量份的组成原料：水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体30～60份、有机胺0.8～3份、亲水扩链剂II1～4.5份、去离子水30～70份、其中，所述水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体包括以下重量份的组成原料：聚酯多元醇10～20份、小分子扩链剂1～10份、二异氰酸酯15～40份、亲水扩链剂I3～12份、催化剂II0.05～0.3份、阻聚剂0.1～1.0份、羟基丙烯酸酯单体2～40份、环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物6～30份、有机溶剂15～50份。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物包括以下重量份的组成原料：环氧树脂60～90份；丙烯酸单体10～30份；阻聚剂0.1～1.0份；催化剂I0.5～2.0份。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述环氧树脂为缩水甘油醚类双酚A型或双酚F型环氧树脂，选自E-44、E-51、E-20、CYDF-170、CYDF-180、NPEF-170、YDF-170、EP-4901、EP-4930、EP-4950、RE-303S、RE-404S、YL983U中的一种或多种；所述丙烯酸单体为具有至少一个羧基和一个双键的丙烯酸单体化合物，选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸中的一种或多种，丙烯酸单体与环氧树脂的质量比为1∶(2～50)。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述阻聚剂为酚类阻聚剂，选自对苯二酚、对甲氧基苯酚、对羟基苯乙醚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、二叔戊基对苯二酚、二硝基对甲酚、二硝基仲丁基苯酚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、二叔丁基对乙基苯酚中的一种或多种；所述催化剂I为三苯基膦、三乙胺、二甲基乙醇胺、二甲基甲酰胺、三乙醇胺中的一种或多种；所述聚酯多元醇为聚己二酸新戊二醇、聚碳酸酯二元醇、聚己内酯二元醇、聚醚二元醇中的一种或多种，聚酯多元醇的分子量为500～2000。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述小分子扩链剂为小分子二醇，选自环己烷二甲醇、新戊二醇、甲基丙二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇中的一种或多种，小分子扩链剂与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.1～0.6)∶1。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述二异氰酸酯为具有至少一个异氰酸酯反应性基团的化合物，选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、环己烷二异氰酸酯、二异氰酸根合二苯基甲烷、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种，所述二异氰酸酯与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(1.5～20)∶1。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述亲水扩链剂I为阴离子羧酸型亲水扩链剂，选自二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、酒石酸、含羧基半酯二元醇、N，N-二羟基单马来酰胺酸、二氨基苯甲酸中的一种或多种，所述亲水扩链剂I与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.2～0.6)∶1；所述催化剂II为有机锡类催化剂，选自二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、二丁基二氯化锡中的一种或多种。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，优选的，所述羟基丙烯酸酯单体为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、2-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、3-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、4-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、环己烷二甲醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、单甲基丙烯酸甘油酯中的一种或多种，所述羟基丙烯酸酯单体与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.2～3.0)∶1；所述有机溶剂为可与水互溶的有机溶剂，选自丙酮、丁酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种；所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.6～2.0)：1；所述有机胺为三乙胺、二甲基乙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺中的一种或多种；所述亲水扩链剂II为阴离子型含氨基磺酸盐的亲水扩链剂，选自乙二氨基乙磺酸盐、二氨基苯磺酸盐、二胺基丙磺酸盐中的一种或多种。
作为一个总的技术构思，本发明另一方面提供了一种高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配比将聚酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂加入反应瓶中，搅拌均匀后，加入二异氰酸酯，以及部分的催化剂II，缓慢升温至60℃，然后在60℃～65℃下保温反应3.0h～4.0h，并加入有机溶剂降粘，检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量达到理论值时，加入亲水扩链剂I和部分的催化剂II，在65℃～70℃下保温反应2.0h～3.0h，取样检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量达到理论值时，加入阻聚剂和羟基丙烯酸酯单体，在60℃～70℃下反应1.0h～2.0h，再加入环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物以及剩余配方量的催化剂II，在60℃～70℃下反应2.0h～3.0h，检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量接近理论值时，加入有机溶剂控制粘度，降温至45℃～50℃，得水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体；
(2)按配比将有机胺加入到步骤(1)所得水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体中进行中和反应15min～20min，然后将反应体系转移到高速分散设备中，加入亲水扩链剂II的水溶液，高速分散，然后加入去离子水，进行高速剪切乳化0.5h～1.0h，蒸出溶剂，即得高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体。
上述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法，优选的，步骤(1)中，所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物通过如下方法制备得到：
按配比将环氧树脂、丙烯酸单体、阻聚剂和催化剂I加入反应容器中，升温至90℃～95℃，搅拌反应1.0h～2.0h；继续升温至105℃，保温反应2.0h～4.0h，取样检测酸值，当酸值低于2.0mg KOH/g时停止反应，降温出料，即得环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：本发明的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体通过将丙烯酸开环后的环氧树脂接枝到聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体的主链结构中，另外在分散乳化过程中引入氨基磺酸盐基团(亲水扩链剂II)。水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体中含有以下三种化学结构的链段：二异氰酸酯形成的氨基甲酸酯嵌段、多元醇形成的主链、丙烯酸酯和环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物形成的链端。氨基甲酸酯的存在，使聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体具有优异的综合性能，丙烯酸酯和环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物的双重封端保证了光固化速度和施工效率，且引入的环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物赋予漆膜光泽稳定性、硬度、附着力，氨基磺酸盐则赋予体系优异的水分散性与强稳定性。
总的来说，本发明的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，固含量在35％～50％，不仅具有高光泽、高硬度、优异附着力、分散稳定期长等突出性能，而且光固化速度快、施工效率高，适用于塑胶清漆、家具罩光清漆等；可在UV或可见光条件下固化，在减少大气污染及节省能源方面均有极佳效果，可以满足大规模、高速连续化生产的需要，符合当前涂料行业绿色环保的发展要求。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下文将结合较佳的实施例对本发明作更全面、细致地描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体的实施例。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
除非另有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。
实施例1：
本发明高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法的一种实施例。该高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物的制备：
将55.5g的E-51、21.3g的丙烯酸以及0.15g的对羟基苯甲醚加入250mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入0.7g的三苯基膦，然后升温至95℃，反应1.0h，继续升温至105℃，保温反应3.0h，取样测酸值，当酸值低于2.0mg KOH/g时停止反应，降温出料，得到环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物，备用。
(2)水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体的制备：
将31.3g的聚碳酸酯二元醇(PCDL1000)、5.4g的环己烷二甲醇加入500mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入55.7g的二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯，缓慢滴加0.04g的二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至65℃，搅拌反应3.0h，同时加入25.0g丙酮调节粘度；当NCO％达到理论值时，加入8.4g的二羟甲基丙酸、0.05g的二月桂酸二丁基锡在65℃下保温反应3.0h；当NCO％(100g试样所含的异氰酸酯(-NCO)基团的质量)达到理论值时，加入0.5g的对羟基苯甲醚、40.6g的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯，在65℃下保温反应1.0h，然后加入25.6g步骤(1)制备的环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物、0.05g的辛酸亚锡，在70℃下保温反应2.5h；当NCO％接近理论值时，加入15.0g的丙酮，调节预聚体粘度在6000mPa·s/60℃～10000mPa·s/60℃，降温至45℃，得到水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体。
(3)高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备：
将6.6g三乙胺加入到步骤(2)制备的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体中，在45℃下搅拌进行中和反应15min，然后将反应体系转移到1L的不锈钢分散杯中，在1200r/min的速度下加入8.8g的质量分数为50％的氨基磺酸钠水溶液，提高转速至2600r/min，加入190g的去离子水，高速剪切乳化1.0h，最后用旋转蒸发仪蒸出丙酮，即得到固含量为45％的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体。
以合成的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体为主体树脂，按比例添加活性稀释剂、光引发剂、去离子水、其他助剂配成罩光清漆，用ABS板喷涂，对其光泽度、硬度、附着力、耐水性等性能进行测试：依据GB/T 9754-2007使用光泽度仪测定60°光泽度；依据GB/T 6739-2006使用铅笔硬度测试仪测定硬度；依据GB/T 9286-1998使用百格刀测定附着力；依据GB/T 1733-1993测定漆膜在25°下的耐水性；依据GB/T 4893.1-2005测定漆膜25°下对85％乙醇溶液的耐性；依据GB/T 9274-1988测定漆膜耐10％稀盐酸溶液的性能。具体测试结果如表1所示。
实施例2：
本发明高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法的一种实施例。该高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物的制备：
将95.0g的E-20、16.4g的甲基丙烯酸以及0.21g的对甲氧基苯酚加入250mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入0.8g的三乙胺，然后升温至90℃，反应2.0h，继续升温至105℃，保温反应4.0h，取样测酸值，当酸值低于2.0mg KOH/g时停止反应，降温出料，得到环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物，备用。
(2)水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体的制备：
将45.0g的聚己二酸新戊二醇、4.7g的新戊二醇加入500mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入66.1g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯，缓慢滴加0.04g的辛酸亚锡，升温至60℃，搅拌反应4.0h，同时加入32.0g丙酮调节粘度；当NCO％达到理论值时，加入11.8g的二羟甲基丙酸、0.08g的辛酸亚锡在65℃下保温反应3.0h；当NCO％达到理论值时，加入0.56g的对甲氧基苯酚、15.4g的甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯，在70℃下保温反应1.0h，然后加入57.2g步骤(1)制备的环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物、0.06g的二月桂酸二丁基锡，在70℃下保温反应2.0h；当NCO％接近理论值时，加入15.0g的丙酮，调节预聚体粘度在6000mPa·s/60℃～10000mPa·s/60℃，降温至45℃，得到水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体。
(3)高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备：
将7.8g二甲基乙醇胺加入到步骤(2)制备的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体中，在45℃下搅拌进行中和反应15min，然后将反应体系转移到1L的不锈钢分散杯中，在1200r/min的速度下加入10.6g的质量分数为50％的氨基磺酸钠水溶液，提高转速至2600r/min，加入180g的去离子水，高速剪切乳化1.0h，最后用旋转蒸发仪蒸出丙酮，即得到固含量为50％的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体。
以合成的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体为主体树脂，按比例添加活性稀释剂、光引发剂、去离子水、其他助剂配成罩光清漆，用ABS板喷涂，对其光泽度、硬度、附着力、耐水性等性能进行测试，测试方法与实施例1相同，具体测试结果如表1所示。
实施例3：
本发明高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体及其制备方法的一种实施例。该高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法包括以下步骤：
(1)环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物的制备：
将79.8g的E-44、25.6g的丙烯酸以及0.2g的对甲氧基苯酚加入250mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入0.75g的三苯基膦，然后升温至95℃，反应1.5h，继续升温至105℃，保温反应3.0h，取样测酸值，当酸值低于2.0mg KOH/g时停止反应，降温出料，得到环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物，备用。
(2)水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体的制备：
将35.0g的聚己内酯二元醇、3.5g的甲基丙二醇加入500mL的三口烧瓶中，搅拌15min，加入41.5g的甲苯二异氰酸酯，缓慢滴加0.04g的二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至60℃，搅拌反应3.0h，同时加入30.0g丙酮调节粘度；当NCO％达到理论值时，加入9.4g的二羟甲基丁酸、0.05g的二丁基二氯化锡在65℃下保温反应3.0h；当NCO％达到理论值时，加入0.5g的对叔丁基邻苯二酚、41.2g的季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯，在70℃下保温反应2.0h，然后加入28.9g步骤(1)制备的环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物、0.04g的二丁基二氯化锡，在70℃下保温反应2.0h；当NCO％接近理论值时，加入20.0g的丙酮，调节预聚体粘度在6000mPa·s/60℃～10000mPa·s/60℃，降温至45℃，得到水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体。
(3)高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备：
将6.8g三乙胺加入到步骤(2)制备的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体中，在45℃下搅拌进行中和反应15min，然后将反应体系转移到1L的不锈钢分散杯中，在1200r/min的速度下加入9.1g的质量分数为50％的氨基磺酸钠水溶液，提高转速至2600r/min，加入235g的去离子水，高速剪切乳化1.0h，最后用旋转蒸发仪蒸出丙酮，即得到固含量为40％的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体。
以合成的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体为主体树脂，按比例添加活性稀释剂、光引发剂、去离子水、其他助剂配成罩光清漆，用ABS板喷涂，对其光泽度、硬度、附着力、耐水性等性能进行测试，测试方法与实施例1相同，具体测试结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1～3的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的性能测试结果
由表1可见，本发明的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体在成膜固化后，其漆膜具有高光泽(＞96°)、高硬度(＞2H)、优异的耐水性、耐乙醇性和耐酸性，满足市场使用要求；特别是，实施例1所制备的水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其性能更为突出，光泽度高达98°，且附着力优良，可作为性能优异的塑胶罩光清漆。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的组成原料：
其中，所述水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体包括以下重量份的组成原料：
2.根据权利要求1所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物包括以下重量份的组成原料：
3.根据权利要求2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂为缩水甘油醚类双酚A型或双酚F型环氧树脂，选自E-44、E-51、E-20、CYDF-170、CYDF-180、NPEF-170、YDF-170、EP-4901、EP-4930、EP-4950、RE-303S、RE-404S、YL983U中的一种或多种；所述丙烯酸单体为具有至少一个羧基和一个双键的丙烯酸单体化合物，选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述阻聚剂为酚类阻聚剂，选自对苯二酚、对甲氧基苯酚、对羟基苯乙醚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、二叔戊基对苯二酚、二硝基对甲酚、二硝基仲丁基苯酚、对叔丁基邻苯二酚、二叔丁基对乙基苯酚中的一种或多种；所述催化剂I为三苯基膦、三乙胺、二甲基乙醇胺、二甲基甲酰胺、三乙醇胺中的一种或多种；所述聚酯多元醇为聚己二酸新戊二醇、聚碳酸酯二元醇、聚己内酯二元醇中的一种或多种，聚酯多元醇的分子量为500～2000。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述小分子扩链剂为小分子二醇，选自环己烷二甲醇、新戊二醇、甲基丙二醇、乙二醇、丁二醇、己二醇中的一种或多种，小分子扩链剂与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.1～0.6)：1。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述二异氰酸酯为具有至少一个异氰酸酯反应性基团的化合物，选自异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、环己烷二异氰酸酯、四亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述亲水扩链剂I为阴离子羧酸型亲水扩链剂，选自二羟甲基丙酸、二羟甲基丁酸、酒石酸、含羧基半酯二元醇、N,N-二羟基单马来酰胺酸、二氨基苯甲酸中的一种或多种，所述亲水扩链剂I与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.2～0.6)：1；所述催化剂II为有机锡类催化剂，选自二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、二丁基二氯化锡中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体，其特征在于，所述羟基丙烯酸酯单体为甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、2-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、3-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、4-羟基正丁基甲基丙烯酸酯、环己烷二甲醇单甲基丙烯酸酯、单甲基丙烯酸甘油酯中的一种或多种，所述羟基丙烯酸酯单体与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.2～3.0)：1；所述有机溶剂为可与水互溶的有机溶剂，选自丙酮、丁酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种；所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物与聚酯多元醇的质量比为(0.6～2.0)：1；所述有机胺为三乙胺、二甲基乙醇胺、甲基二乙醇胺中的一种或多种；所述亲水扩链剂II为阴离子型含氨基磺酸盐的亲水扩链剂，选自乙二氨基乙磺酸盐、二氨基苯磺酸盐、二氨基丙磺酸盐中的一种或多种。
9.一种如权利要求1～8中任一项所述的高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配比将聚酯多元醇、小分子扩链剂加入反应瓶中，搅拌均匀后，加入二异氰酸酯，以及部分的催化剂II，缓慢升温至60℃，然后在60℃～65℃下保温反应3.0h～4.0h，并加入有机溶剂降粘，检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量达到理论值时，加入亲水扩链剂I和部分的催化剂II，在65℃～70℃下保温反应2.0h～3.0h，取样检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量达到理论值时，加入阻聚剂和羟基丙烯酸酯单体，在60℃～70℃下反应1.0h～2.0h，再加入环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物以及剩余配方量的催化剂II，在60℃～70℃下反应2.0h～3.0h，检测NCO％含量，当NCO％含量接近理论值时，加入有机溶剂控制粘度，降温至45℃～50℃，得水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体；
(2)按配比将有机胺加入到步骤(1)所得水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚体中进行中和反应15min～20min，然后将反应体系转移到高速分散设备中，加入亲水扩链剂II的水溶液，高速分散，然后加入去离子水，进行高速剪切乳化0.5h～1.0h，蒸出溶剂，即得高光泽水性UV聚氨酯丙烯酸酯分散体。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，所述环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物通过如下方法制备得到：
按配比将环氧树脂、丙烯酸单体、阻聚剂和催化剂I加入反应容器中，升温至90℃～95℃，搅拌反应1.0h～2.0h；继续升温至105℃，保温反应2.0h～4.0h，取样检测酸值，当酸值低于2.0mgKOH/g时停止反应，降温出料，即得环氧树脂丙烯酸酯低聚物。
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