CN107242046B - Functional laminated rice seedling raising plate - Google Patents
Functional laminated rice seedling raising plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107242046B CN107242046B CN201710462638.0A CN201710462638A CN107242046B CN 107242046 B CN107242046 B CN 107242046B CN 201710462638 A CN201710462638 A CN 201710462638A CN 107242046 B CN107242046 B CN 107242046B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The utility model aims to discloses a functional laminated rice seedling raising plate which comprises a seed layer, a medicinal powder layer and a nutrient layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the seed layer is formed by mixing seeds and a mixture, the medicinal powder layer is formed by mixing biomass materials and bactericides, and the nutrient layer is formed by mixing soil and fertilizers. The utility model can effectively improve the seedling rate, and the seedling raising plate has light weight, good molding, uneasy breakage, extrusion resistance and easy long-distance transportation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a functional laminated rice seedling raising plate, and belongs to the rice seedling raising technology.
Background
At present, the south rice machine transplanting seedling raising carrier in China has various types such as slurry, commodity matrixes, straw powder, sawn wood ash, self-made nutrient soil and the like, the slurry seedling raising is firstly applied to a seedling bed, the rice root system is fused conveniently and safely, the machine transplanting is quick in field turning, the effect is good, but a human tool or a machine is required to beat slurry, the workload of removing stones, roots and stems and weeds is large, and the labor cost is high; commercial substrate seedling raising is lighter than mud, can be operated in a pipelining mode in a seedling raising factory, is easy to work and high in efficiency, but commercial substrates on the market at present are different in standard and relatively high in price, 30-50 yuan is needed for raising seedlings in a mu of field, in addition, the root system of the substrate seedling raising rice is not fused with the seedling raising rice, and the seedling raising rice is inserted into the seedling raising rice to float by a large amount of Tian Yi and is relatively slow to turn green; the straw dust and the sawn timber ash overcome the defect of high matrix cost, but the difficulty of fertilizer preparation, acid adjustment and pest control is high, and the risk of seedling raising is high; homemade nutrient soil is used for raising seedlings, namely, the soil is dug in winter, stones, weeds and roots of plants are removed through screening, fertilizer is mixed for storage, commodity matrixes are replaced, the production line can be arranged, the seedling raising effect is good, but the labor required for soil taking, airing, crushing, soil screening and fertilizer mixing is large, and the soil is stored in a household in winter. In addition, the carriers are all required to be arranged in a seedling tray for forming, the tray arranging, the tray collecting and the tray washing are troublesome, the seedling raising time for one year is short, the seedling tray utilization rate is low, the storage space is occupied, and the cost is high.
In recent years, seedling raising plates made of straw scraps and waste paper Zhang Jia adhesive are used for raising seedlings, so that seedling trays are omitted, but waste paper and the adhesive contain a large amount of chemical raw materials, so that the growth of seedlings is harmful, and the grain safety is adversely affected.
The Chinese patent application 201510079236.3 discloses a rice seedling raising plate using straw as raw material, a manufacturing method and special equipment thereof, wherein the rice seedling raising plate using straw as raw material has the width of 300mm, the length of 600mm and the thickness of 4-8mm. The seed pits are distributed vertically and horizontally. The manufacturing method is that the straw is divided into two components after being crushed, one component is rich in plant growth hormone, and the seedling culture substrate is obtained after processing; the other component is rich in fiber, and is pulped to form the bonding agent for seedling plate formation. The straw seedling raising plate is made of pure straw as a raw material, and no other materials are added. The method essentially provides an improved seedling throwing tray, the material of the seedling throwing tray is changed into biological material-straw, and complicated operation procedures such as tray loading and tray arranging in the seedling raising process are not simplified fundamentally, soil taking is difficult, and the operation procedures of raising seedlings are complicated.
Chinese patent application 201520302874.2 discloses a soilless seedling raising plate for mechanically transplanted rice. The seedling raising plate comprises four layers, namely black woven non-woven fabrics, rice hulls, woven non-woven fabrics, non-porous mulching films and seedling plates from top to bottom. However, the seedling raising plate needs to be added with nutrient solution to provide nutrients in the later growth and development period.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a functional laminated rice seedling raising plate which can effectively improve the seedling rate, has light weight, good forming, is not fragile, is extrusion-resistant and is easy to transport in a long distance, so as to simplify the complicated technical links in the existing mechanical transplanting and seedling raising process and realize lazy seedling raising.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the functional laminated rice seedling raising plate is structurally characterized by comprising a seed layer, a medicinal powder layer and a nutrient layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the seed layer is formed by mixing seeds and a mixture, the medicinal powder layer is formed by mixing biomass materials and bactericides, and the nutrient layer is formed by mixing soil and fertilizers.
According to the growth process of the root system of the rice seedling, firstly, the growth of the seed root mainly plays a role in absorbing moisture and nutrition in the seedling stage, and the mixture in the seed layer and the nutrient layer are utilized to provide nutrition to guide the seed root to grow downwards, secondly, the chicken feet root (when the seedling root is planted in the soil, the seed root is pricked into the soil downwards until the first complete leaf is extracted, five adventitious roots grow from the tooth sheath node in sequence, and are similar to chicken feet in shape, so the chicken feet root) is grown, at the moment, the rice seedling has a strong nutrient requirement, the nutrient layer in the laminated rice seedling raising plate has an induction effect, the root system is induced to grow downwards, and the root system is concentrated in the nutrient layer, so that the requirement of the rice seedling on the nutrient is met, and the seedling plate packing root is facilitated, and the seedling plate is rolled up for the follow-up transplanting operation link without free play of foundation. The seedling plate structure of the utility model has the medicinal powder layer in the middle, and can exert the medicinal effect to the greatest extent.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the utility model can be further optimized, and the following technical scheme is formed after the optimization:
in order to ensure uniform emergence of seedlings, the weight ratio of the seeds to the mixture is 1:1.0-1.5.
In order to better ensure the sterilization effect, the mixing ratio of the biomass material to the active ingredients of the bactericide is 100-150:1.
Preferably, the thickness of the seed layer is 0.5-1.5cm; and/or the thickness of the powder layer is 0.5-1.5cm; and/or the thickness of the nutrient layer is 2-4cm. Therefore, by reasonable design of the thickness of three layers, the weight of the seedling raising plate is reduced and the transportation is convenient on the premise that seeds have enough nutrients and higher emergence rate.
Preferably, the total thickness of the functional laminated rice seedling raising plate is 3-7cm.
In order to better provide nutrients for seeds, the mixture is cow dung and/or paper pulp; preferably the pulp is straw pulp. The utility model utilizes the good water absorption capability of cow dung in the seed layer and the nutrient provided in the nutrient layer to guide the seed root to grow downwards.
In order to ensure that the seedling raising plate is not loose during carrying, a supporting layer is arranged at the bottom of the nutrient layer, and preferably the supporting layer is made of starch paper, non-woven fabric or woven cloth. The supporting layer is convenient to automatically degrade after seedling raising is completed.
In order to provide sufficient nutrients for seed seedling, and at the same time provide breathing gaps for the seeds, the biomass material is crop straw and/or chaff.
Preferably, the bactericide is powder and/or aqueous emulsion of broad-spectrum bactericide; preferably hymexazol, chlorothalonil, carbendazim or prochloraz.
Preferably, the fertilizer is a bio-organic fertilizer and/or an inorganic fertilizer; preferably, the number of the probiotics community of the bio-organic fertilizer is more than 10 8 Individual/g; preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer or slow release fertilizer which mainly contains nitrogen and potassium elements.
By means of the structure, the utility model simplifies the complicated technical links in the existing mechanical transplanting and seedling raising process, sets the seed layer with the water-retaining effect, the medicinal powder layer with the sterilization and disinfection functions and the nutrition layer for providing nutrients according to the growth and development rules of rice seedlings, sequentially meets the requirements of the rice seedlings on moisture and nutrition in the growth process from the time course, simultaneously provides sterilization and disinfection in the whole process, lightens the fine management intensity of the seedling bed and realizes lazy seedling raising.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1) Various links of the seedling raising process are simplified, and one-time operation of factory seedling raising trays and sowing is realized;
2) Based on the growth and development characteristics of seedlings, different functional layers are scientifically and orderly laminated, so that the seedlings can grow quickly in early stage and emerge to form seedlings, and the nutrients in later stage are sufficiently supplied;
3) The seedling raising plate is light in weight, well formed, not fragile and extrusion-resistant, convenient for industrial production and easy for long-distance transportation;
4) The functional laminated distribution simplifies the field management in the seedling raising process, and realizes lazy seedling cultivation;
5) The popularization of the seedling raising plate is beneficial to the standardized seedling raising process, a plastic hard disk or a soft seedling tray is not used, the environmental pollution is reduced, the economic benefit is improved, and at least 30 hard seedling trays are needed for seedling accounting for 1 mu of field:
the seed cost of the traditional seedling raising mode is 50 yuan, the seedling tray cost is 45 yuan, the matrix cost is 60 yuan, the labor input is 150 yuan, and the total cost is about 305 yuan.
The seed cost of the factory seedling raising mode is 50 yuan, the seedling tray cost is 45 yuan, the matrix cost is 60 yuan, the labor input is 50 yuan, and the total cost is about 205 yuan.
The seed cost of the factory seedling raising mode is 50 yuan, the matrix cost is 60 yuan, the labor input is 50 yuan, and the total cost is about 160 yuan.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
A functional laminated rice seedling raising plate is divided into a seed layer, a medicinal powder layer and a nutrient layer from top to bottom, wherein the nutrient layer is stuck with starch paper, non-woven fabrics or woven fabrics. Wherein:
the seed layer is composed of paper pulp, cow dung and rice seeds, the thickness of the layer is 0.5-1.5cm, the paper pulp is preferably grass paper pulp, and the weight ratio of the rice seeds to the paper pulp to the cow dung is 1:1.0-1.5.
The medicinal powder layer is prepared by mixing biomass material and bactericide at a certain ratio, and has a layer thickness of 0.5-1.5cm. The biomass material can be selected from crop straws such as rice, corn and sorghum, and chaff according to local conditions, and the bactericide can be selected from powder or aqueous emulsion of broad-spectrum bactericides such as hymexazol, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, prochloraz and the like. The mixing ratio of the biomass material and the bactericide (active ingredients) is 100-150:1.
The nutrient layer consists of soil, biological organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, the thickness of the soil is 2.0-4.0cm, and the soil can be selected from paddy field soil, dry land soil, woodland soil and the like according to local conditions; the quantity of the probiotics community of the bio-organic fertilizer is preferably more than 10 8 The bio-organic fertilizer per gram or the probiotic preparation and the organic fertilizer are compounded and mixed proportionally; the inorganic fertilizer can be nitrogen,Simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer or slow release fertilizer with potassium element as main component.
The overall thickness of the rice seedling raising plate is 3.0-7.0cm, and the total weight is 1.5-2.5kg.
The foregoing examples are set forth in order to provide a more thorough description of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and various modifications of the utility model, which are equivalent to those skilled in the art upon reading the present utility model, will fall within the scope of the utility model as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The functional laminated rice seedling raising plate is characterized by comprising a seed layer, a medicinal powder layer and a nutrient layer which are arranged from top to bottom; the seed layer is formed by mixing seeds and a mixture, the mixture is cow dung and paper pulp, the medicinal powder layer is formed by mixing biomass materials and bactericides, and the nutrient layer is formed by mixing soil and fertilizers;
the thickness of the seed layer is 0.5-1.5cm, the thickness of the medicinal powder layer is 0.5-1.5cm, and the thickness of the nutrient layer is 2-4cm.
2. The functionalized stacked-layer rice seedling raising plate of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the seeds to the mixture is 1:1.0-1.5.
3. The functionalized laminated rice seedling raising plate according to claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the active ingredients of the biomass material and the bactericide is 100-150:1.
4. The functionalized stacked-layer rice seedling raising plate of claim 1, wherein the functionalized stacked-layer rice seedling raising plate has a total thickness of 3-7cm.
5. The functionalized stacked rice seedling raising plate of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the pulp is grass pulp.
6. The functionalized stacked-layer rice seedling raising plate of any one of claims 1-4, wherein a support layer is provided at the bottom of the nutrient layer.
7. The functionalized stacked-layer rice seedling raising plate of claim 6, wherein the support layer is a starch paper, a non-woven fabric or a woven fabric.
8. The functionalized stacked rice seedling raising plate of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the biomass material is crop straw and/or chaff.
9. The functionalized stacked rice seedling raising plate of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the germicide is a powder and/or an aqueous emulsion of a broad-spectrum germicide.
10. The functionalized stacked rice seedling raising plate of claim 9, wherein the bactericide is hymexazol, chlorothalonil, carbendazim or prochloraz.
11. The functionalized laminated rice seedling raising plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the fertilizer is a bio-organic fertilizer and/or an inorganic fertilizer.
12. The functionalized stacked rice seedling raising plate of claim 11, wherein the number of probiotic communities of the bio-organic fertilizer is greater than 10 8 Each/g.
13. The functional laminated rice seedling raising plate of claim 11, wherein the inorganic fertilizer is a simple substance fertilizer, a compound fertilizer or a slow release fertilizer which mainly contains nitrogen and potassium elements.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710462638.0A CN107242046B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Functional laminated rice seedling raising plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710462638.0A CN107242046B (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2017-06-19 | Functional laminated rice seedling raising plate |
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| CN107242046A CN107242046A (en) | 2017-10-13 |
| CN107242046B true CN107242046B (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108668811B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2020-01-10 | 湖南农业大学 | Machine-transplanted rice diskless seedling raising method by constructing seedling bed by utilizing water and fertilizer carriers |
| CN109041969A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-21 | 湖南农业大学 | The nursery seedling bed of a kind of liquid manure vector construction and without disk method for culturing seedlings |
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| US6446386B1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2002-09-10 | David Howard Holloway | Seed germination medium |
| JP2008109920A (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-15 | Yoshihiro Suzuki | Sheet for raising seedling from seed |
| CN201789818U (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2011-04-13 | 安徽省文胜肥业有限责任公司 | Square grass cultivation block containing nutrition elements |
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