CN107232072A - A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology - Google Patents
A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107232072A CN107232072A CN201710355757.6A CN201710355757A CN107232072A CN 107232072 A CN107232072 A CN 107232072A CN 201710355757 A CN201710355757 A CN 201710355757A CN 107232072 A CN107232072 A CN 107232072A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- cat litter
- bright
- water absorption
- high water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/12—Degraded, destructured or non-chemically modified starch, e.g. mechanically, enzymatically or by irradiation; Bleaching of starch
- C08B30/18—Dextrin, e.g. yellow canari, white dextrin, amylodextrin or maltodextrin; Methods of depolymerisation, e.g. by irradiation or mechanically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/05—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase
- C08J2201/0504—Elimination by evaporation or heat degradation of a liquid phase the liquid phase being aqueous
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2303/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to pet dung process field, especially a kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology, starch is carried out pre-gelatinized processing by it, pre-gelatinized processing procedure adds water to be first in starch, amount of water is 10~20%, 70~120 DEG C of heating are then heated to, last rapid cooling obtains bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.Moisture can be wrapped in inside, free from extraneous odour is distributed by starch cat litter prepared by the present invention quickly by moisture absorption and agglomerating.Cat litter shows bright, lenticular visual effect, different product colours can be made, the product has undesirable effect in the process of production and the processing after all without to environment, can natural degradation, it is even recyclable to utilize, and product cost can be reduced, it is the upgrading of agricultural product, improves added value and provide an effective way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pet dung process field, especially a kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation
Technique.
Background technology
People were to degree of the having deep love for more and more higher of cat in the last few years, and cat litter is used as a kind of essential pet supplies, market
Types of brand are also vigorously developed rapidly.It is several that cat litter species is probably divided into bentonite, wood chip, paper scrap, silica gel, plant.It is swollen
The native main mineral constituent of profit is montmorillonite, and expansion is into pasty state after adding water, therefore can be used as cat litter, but uses swelling
It is a kind of destruction to land resource that soil, which does cat litter, while soil property easily kicks up dust, pollutes environment.Wood chip has certain water suction
Property, but having certain taste, paper scrap conglomeration is more weaker, cleaning trouble, large usage quantity.Silica gel cat litter is generally acid, alkali thing
Matter is synthesized, although good water absorption, but is difficult agglomerating, easy giving forth fragrance, and production and processing procedure pollution environment.Plant cat
It is mixed more than sand using raw materials such as soybean residue, stalks, although with certain water imbibition, but it is agglomerating rear easily scaling-off to absorb water.
Bentonite cat litter, plant cat litter are scaling-off because there is dust, easily the urethra of intrusion cat, cause urinary tract infections, influence the strong of pet
Health.At present, it there is no a with high water absorption degree, without dust, good, non-friable, degradable, the easy to maintain environmental protection of environmental protection, conglobation property
Type cat litter product.
The content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that above mentioned problem is there is provided a kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology,
The starch cat litter has high water absorption degree, and water suction conglobation property is good, and environment-friendly degradable, and the technical scheme that it is used is as follows：
A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology, pre-gelatinized processing, the pre-gelatinized are carried out by starch
Processing procedure is the uniform stirring that first added water in starch, and amount of water is by mass the 10~20% of starch quality, is then heated up
To 70~120 DEG C of heating, finally cool, crush, obtain bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.
Preferably, the cooling is rapid cooling to -15~0 DEG C.
Preferably, the amount of water is that starch quality is 15~16% by mass, and heating-up temperature is 100~110 DEG C.
Preferably, the starch is cornstarch.
Preferably, described crush is crushed using pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2000~2500 revs/min.
Bright, high water absorption degree the starch cat prepared according to above-mentioned bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology
Sand.
A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter, comprising pre-gelatinized starch, the pre-gelatinized starch is starch by pre-
Gelatinization processing is obtained；The pre-gelatinized starch is lenticular, and it has a hole, the pre-gelatinized starch water content is 15~
17%, water activity is 0.7~0.8, and density is 600~700g/L, and particle size is 0.3~2.5mm.
Preferably, the starch is cornstarch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) pre-gelatinized starch has strong water absorption character, coordinates hole present on its structure, can quickly by moisture absorption simultaneously
It is agglomerating, moisture is wrapped in inside, free from extraneous odour is distributed.
(2) under rational moisture, temperature control, cat litter shows bright visual effect, not only attractive in appearance to additionally aid
Differentiate the water suction state of product.
(3) plant amylum can be degraded, and environmental protection is not polluted, and can reduce product cost；For the deep processing of agricultural product, increase
Value, synergy provide effective way.
(4) pre-gelatinized starch good toughness, non-friable, cleaning is convenient.It will not adhere to pet, drop each in room
Place, does not influence pet health.
Embodiment
Following part is that the present invention will be further described for embodiment, but implementation below is only to this hair
Bright is explained further, and the scope of the present invention is not represented and is only limitted to this, the equivalence replacement that every thinking with the present invention is done,
In protection scope of the present invention, it is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology, pre-gelatinized processing, the pre-gelatinized are carried out by starch
Processing procedure is the uniform stirring that first added water in starch, and amount of water is that starch quality is 10~20% by mass, is then heated up
To 70~120 DEG C of heating, finally cool, crushing obtains bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.When the addition of moisture in starch
During higher than 20%, the absorption of water for causing starch cat litter is declined, when moisture addition is less than 10%, starch cat litter toughness drop
It is low, product brittle friable, it has not been convenient to process, yield rate is low, therefore by amount of water control 10~20%.When heating-up temperature is higher than
At 120 DEG C, the increase of starch cat litter density, when heating-up temperature is less than 70 DEG C, starch cat litter density is smaller, and density is excessive or too small
The bright property of product can be influenceed, in the range of 70~120 DEG C, starch cat litter can show lenticular, and bright property is good.
In pre-gelatinized processing procedure, starch is under conditions of heated heating with water, and hydrone progresses into starch
The crystal region of intragranular, carries out crystal region in irreversible water suction, starch granules and is then changed into thin from arranging close state originally
Loose state, the water absorption of starch increases sharply, and the volume of starch granules drastically expands.Pre-gelatinized starch water imbibition is strong, water-retaining property
By force, viscosity and viscoplasticity are all higher.
In order to obtain bibulous pre-gelatinized starch, cooling is needed to handle after heating certain time, the cooling is anxious
Speed is cooled to -15~0 DEG C, and one is that can obtain lenticular, bibulous pre-gelatinized starch, and two be to prevent starch temperature-fall period
In stick together.If natural cooling cools, the starch after being heated in temperature-fall period easily sticks together, in reduction starch
Porosity, then influences absorption speed, when being down to -15~0 DEG C using rapid cooling, and moisture rapid vaporization expands in starch,
Suitable quantity and the hole of size can be produced in starch.
In order to improve the water imbibition and bright degree of starch cat litter, it is preferable that the amount of water is starchiness by mass
Measure as 15~16%, heating-up temperature is 100~110 DEG C.
Further, the starch is cornstarch.Corn yield is higher, using cornstarch can reduce product into
This, starch can also be the one or more in sweet potato starch, potato starch, tapioca or cornstarch.Formed sediment based on pachyrhizus
The fine characteristics difference of powder, potato starch and tapioca, can assign product different characteristics.
In order that product is easy to quantify and packed, described crush is crushed using pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2000
~2500 revs/min.When rotating speed is too high, starch cat litter is easily crushed into more tiny particle, and yield rate is low.
A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter, comprising pre-gelatinized starch, the pre-gelatinized starch is starch by pre-
Gelatinization processing is obtained, pre-gelatinized processing can be added in starch 10~20% water, preferably Jia 15~16% water, mix
After be heated to 70~120 DEG C, preferably 100~110 DEG C, finally cool, crush and obtain bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.Form sediment
The heated vaporization of moisture in powder, produces hole, the pre-gelatinized starch ultimately formed has hole, pre-gelatinized starch in starch
Water content is 15~17%, and the water section added in pre-gelatinized processing procedure scatters and disappears, but starch contains certain moisture in itself, because
This pre-gelatinized starch water content remains to reach 15~17%.Water activity is 0.7~0.8, and water activity is free in pre-gelatinized starch
The content of water, the lower bacterium of free water content is less susceptible to survival, therefore relatively low water activity is conducive to the preservation of product.Starch
When having heated cooling, in order to avoid inter-adhesive between starch, -15~0 can be cooled to by the way of rapid cooling
℃.After cooling using pulverizer low speed crush, pulverizer rotating speed be 2000~2500 revs/min, obtained starch cat litter it is close
Spend for 600~700g/L, particle size is 0.3~2.5mm, and product is in lenticular, with certain bright degree.
Further, the starch is cornstarch, and the starch can also be sweet potato starch, potato starch, para arrowroot
One or more in powder or cornstarch.Rational proportion is carried out using different types of starch, gives full play to it each excellent
Benign energy, or even collaboration improve cat litter characteristic, are possible.
Embodiment 1
Add water uniform stirring in cornstarch, and amount of water is the 10% of cornstarch quality, then heats to 70 DEG C and adds
Heat, heating finishes rear rapid cooling to -10 DEG C, is subsequently placed into the crushing of pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2500 revs/min, most
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter is obtained afterwards.
Embodiment 2
Add water uniform stirring in cornstarch, and amount of water is the 15% of cornstarch quality, then heats to 100 DEG C and adds
Heat, heating finishes rear rapid cooling to -10 DEG C, is subsequently placed into the crushing of pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2500 revs/min, most
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter is obtained afterwards.
Embodiment 3
Add water uniform stirring in cornstarch, and amount of water is the 18% of cornstarch quality, then heats to 110 DEG C and adds
Heat, heating finishes rear rapid cooling to -10 DEG C, is subsequently placed into the crushing of pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2500 revs/min, most
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter is obtained afterwards.
Embodiment 4
Add water uniform stirring in cornstarch, and amount of water is the 16% of cornstarch quality, then heats to 110 DEG C and adds
Heat, heating finishes rear rapid cooling to -10 DEG C, is subsequently placed into the crushing of pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2500 revs/min, most
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter is obtained afterwards.
Embodiment 5
Add water uniform stirring in cornstarch, and amount of water is the 15% of cornstarch quality, then heats to 120 DEG C and adds
Heat, heating finishes rear rapid cooling to -10 DEG C, is subsequently placed into the crushing of pulverizer low speed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2500 revs/min, most
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter is obtained afterwards.
Bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter prepared by embodiment 1~5 carries out performance test, as a result as follows：
The present invention is described by way of example above, but the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned specific embodiment, it is all to be based on
Any change or modification that the present invention is done belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology, it is characterised in that starch is subjected to pre-gelatinized processing,
The pre-gelatinized processing procedure first to be added water in starch uniform stirring, amount of water by mass for starch quality 10~
20%, 70~120 DEG C of heating are then heated to, finally cools, crush, obtain bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.
2. bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drop
Temperature is rapid cooling to -15~0 DEG C.
3. bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described to add
Water is that starch quality is 15~16% by mass, and heating-up temperature is 100~110 DEG C.
4. bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the shallow lake
Powder is cornstarch.
5. bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter preparation technology according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the powder
Broken use pulverizer low speed is crushed, and pulverizer rotating speed is 2000~2500 revs/min.
6. a kind of preparation technology system of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter according to any one of Claims 1 to 5
Standby bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter.
7. a kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter, it is characterised in that comprising pre-gelatinized starch, the pre-gelatinized starch is
Starch is obtained by pre-gelatinized processing；The pre-gelatinized starch is lenticular, and it has hole, the pre-gelatinized starch water content
For 15~17%, water activity is 0.7~0.8, and density is 600~700g/L, and particle size is 0.3~2.5mm.
8. bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the starch forms sediment for corn
Powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710355757.6A CN107232072A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710355757.6A CN107232072A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107232072A true CN107232072A (en) | 2017-10-10 |
Family
ID=59985034
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710355757.6A Pending CN107232072A (en) | 2017-05-03 | 2017-05-03 | A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107232072A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108997059A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-14 | 临沂市金秋大粮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rice breeding special production-increase slow release fertilizer |
| WO2019169461A1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-12 | Skaf Trade Comércio, Exportação E Importação Ltda. | Sanitary granular material for absorbing liquids, odors and moisture from solid waste, related production method and related use |
| CN110447544A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-11-15 | 毛清平 | A kind of preparation method of the compound cat litter material of high-hydroscopicity |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3923005A (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1975-12-02 | Clorox Co | Alfalfa-based animal litter, including starch |
| US6220206B1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-24 | Vidal E. Sotillo | Method for producing a cat litter from grain milling byproducts |
| CN103141396A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 朱群 | Cat litter for pets and preparation method of cat litter |
| US20140000525A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | The Andersons, Inc. | Clumping agent |
| CN103601850A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 青岛三力本诺化学工业有限公司 | Preparation method of super absorbent resin |
| CN104804138A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-07-29 | 苏州市湘园特种精细化工有限公司 | Super absorbent resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN106386523A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 烟台中宠食品股份有限公司 | Fragrant type cat litter added with hyacinthus orientalis and processing technology thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-05-03 CN CN201710355757.6A patent/CN107232072A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3923005A (en) * | 1974-01-25 | 1975-12-02 | Clorox Co | Alfalfa-based animal litter, including starch |
| US6220206B1 (en) * | 1999-09-29 | 2001-04-24 | Vidal E. Sotillo | Method for producing a cat litter from grain milling byproducts |
| US20140000525A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | The Andersons, Inc. | Clumping agent |
| CN103141396A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-06-12 | 朱群 | Cat litter for pets and preparation method of cat litter |
| CN103601850A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-02-26 | 青岛三力本诺化学工业有限公司 | Preparation method of super absorbent resin |
| CN104804138A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-07-29 | 苏州市湘园特种精细化工有限公司 | Super absorbent resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN106386523A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 烟台中宠食品股份有限公司 | Fragrant type cat litter added with hyacinthus orientalis and processing technology thereof |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019169461A1 (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-12 | Skaf Trade Comércio, Exportação E Importação Ltda. | Sanitary granular material for absorbing liquids, odors and moisture from solid waste, related production method and related use |
| CN108997059A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-14 | 临沂市金秋大粮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of rice breeding special production-increase slow release fertilizer |
| CN110447544A (en) * | 2019-07-06 | 2019-11-15 | 毛清平 | A kind of preparation method of the compound cat litter material of high-hydroscopicity |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107232072A (en) | A kind of bright, high water absorption degree starch cat litter and its preparation technology | |
| KR100486409B1 (en) | Pile-type slowly-effective organic fertilizer | |
| Giroto et al. | Controlled release of nitrogen using urea-melamine-starch composites | |
| CN107455268A (en) | A kind of porous conglomeration type cat litter of soybean residue system and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101828506B (en) | Novel floating seedling substrate special for tobacco and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105856380B (en) | A kind of technique having using stalk, shell fiber degradable dinner set and container | |
| CN109349132A (en) | A kind of natural plant cat litter and preparation method thereof | |
| KR100934127B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of fertilizer using oystershells | |
| CN105494120A (en) | Agglomerated wheat bran cat litter | |
| KR20190120530A (en) | Cat litter made of soy bean puree and production method thereof | |
| CN104054535A (en) | Novel flue-cured tobacco moisture seedling substrate | |
| CN104521765A (en) | Antibacterial breathable mixed cat litter with pumice, and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106386523A (en) | Fragrant type cat litter added with hyacinthus orientalis and processing technology thereof | |
| US10798885B2 (en) | Granular compositions and methods for drought mitigation | |
| CN105802636A (en) | Seepage-proof water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108723077A (en) | Global function biology base soil-repairing agent and its preparation method and application | |
| KR100660139B1 (en) | Method for pelletizing chaff and pellet obtained by said method | |
| CN104323230A (en) | Wall-breaking truffle lozenge and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109169313A (en) | A kind of cultured insect product is preparing the application in cat litter | |
| CN104521772A (en) | Pet cat litter with various water absorption components, and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2008133311A (en) | Method for improving earth and sand and vegetation soil | |
| CN106665181A (en) | Imitated-skin water-absorbing breathable charcoal cup and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2023219104A1 (en) | Soil conditioner and method for producing same, and method for improving soil using same | |
| CN101268855B (en) | Shaping method of edible health care glue containing pastille | |
| CN106386524A (en) | Fragrant type cat litter added with Matthiola incana and processing technology thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20171010 |