CN104054535A - Novel flue-cured tobacco moisture seedling substrate - Google Patents
Novel flue-cured tobacco moisture seedling substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104054535A CN104054535A CN201410202340.2A CN201410202340A CN104054535A CN 104054535 A CN104054535 A CN 104054535A CN 201410202340 A CN201410202340 A CN 201410202340A CN 104054535 A CN104054535 A CN 104054535A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A novel flue-cured tobacco moisture seedling substrate comprises 40% carbonized rice husks, 30% fermented rice husks and 30% loess by volume. A preparation method of the substrate comprises the following steps: (1) adding water and uniformly stirring to prepare a material to be fermented after the rice husks are crushed; (2) uniformly mixing according to the weight ratio of the material to be fermented to urea of 50: 1; (3) mixing according to the weight ratio of the material to be fermented, an HM bacterial decomposition agent, rape seed cakes and rice bran of 1000: 0.2: 15: 20 to fully ferment so as to prepare fermented rice husks; (4) preparing the seedling substrate from 40% carbonized rice husks, 30% fermented rice husks and 30% loess by volume. The invention aims to provide the novel flue-cured tobacco moisture seedling substrate of which shape is difficult to destroy, the pH value is appropriate, the porosity is better, the permeability, the water retain and the nutrient-preserving capabilities are better, as well as the preparation method of the substrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-raising of flue-cured tobacco seedling matrix and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Floating seedling cultivation of fire-cured tobacco and moistening growing seedlings are the seedling raising mannerses that current China's cigarette district generally adopts, seedling medium is mostly the peat soil (turfy soil) etc. that is rich in organic and mineral nutrition, be equipped with the light material of proper proportion hydrophobic, air-permeability as vermiculite, expanded perlite etc., and peat soil (turfy soil) derives from Marsh Wetland environment, it is a kind of very important non-renewable natural resources, storage total amount is limited, excessive exploitation must cause irreversible destruction to China's Wetland Environment, finally also may there is the raw-material shortage of seedling medium, therefore, China is limited in the exploitation of peat soil (turfy soil) in rational scope.Numerous researchers also with organic materials such as the sawdust that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the peanut chaff that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the bagasse that becomes thoroughly decomposed, edible fungus brans, substitute completely or part substitutes peat (turfy soil), obtain preferably fruit.
Chinese invention patent Granted publication CN100512622C, patent applicant Longyan Branch Co., Fujian Prov. Tobacco Co., patent name is: environment Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof, disclose a kind of environment Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof, it is composed of the following components: the charing husk of volume 50-90%, the yellow soil of 10-50%.And be prepared from through following steps: fresh yellow soil is through drying, smash to pieces, sieving; Mix with charing husk.
Its beneficial effect has: tobacco seedling growth is normal or very fast, well developed root system, and cane is sturdy, and cigarette seedling quality is good; During cigarette seedling separation disc matrix not residual, be not scattered, strong stress resistance; From source, effectively control, reduce the generation of damage by disease and insect and weeds in flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating process; Raw material is easily purchased easily and is got, and cost is suitable, and preparation method is simple, easy to operate; Pollution-free, completely without peat soil, environmental protection.This matrix has good permeability, and moisture capacity, nutrient preserving capability and heat transfer property can meet tobacco seedling growth in the requirement of the aspects such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat.But in actual use,, charing husk, in transportation and storage, may make particle attenuate under the effect that is subject to external force, the physical behavior of seedling medium is changed, especially permeability variation; The subacidity of flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating environment happiness simultaneously, and charing husk is alkaline matter, if matrix components ratio is incorrect in practical operation, will cause matrix acid-base value to be difficult to regulation and control; In addition, bad if charing husk degree of carbonization is grasped, excessively charing easily causes charing husk gas permeability variation, potassium magnesium antagonism appears in the too high cigarette seedling that makes of potassium content simultaneously.Therefore, in April, 2012, this patent applicant Fujian Tobacco Company Longyan Branch, has applied for the modified patent of invention of this patent, number of patent application 201210119670.6, and invention relates to a kind of improved environment Friendly tobacco seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof.Matrix is comprised of the yellow soil of the charing husk of volume 30-50%, the expanded perlite of 10-30% or husk and 30-50%.Matrix composition method comprises the following steps: (1) yellow soil is through drying, smash to pieces, sieving; (2) in proportion expanded perlite or husk, charing husk are fully mixed with yellow soil.Adopt the seedling medium of this formula, because there is the existence of expanded perlite or husk, profile is not easy to destroy, permeability makes moderate progress, in actual use procedure, because expanded perlite remains alkaline matter, husk is neutral medium composition, control effect to seedling medium acid-base value is little, if the too high phenomenon that affects cigarette seedling potassium magnesium antagonism of charing husk degree of carbonization still cannot change simultaneously, so still existing matrix acid-base value, this matrix is difficult to regulation and control, cannot guarantee cation exchange, thereby affect the moistening quality of growing seedlings of tobacco.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide that a kind of profile is not easy to destroy, acid-base value degree is suitable, porosity is relatively good, ventilative moistening seedling medium of the good novel tobacco of preservation capacity of water and fertility and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the moistening seedling medium of a kind of novel tobacco, is characterized in that: by volume, be that 40% charing husk, 30% fermentation husk and 30% loess form.
The preparation method of the described moistening seedling medium of novel tobacco, is characterized in that:
1, rice husk powder is broken into after pine needle shape, adds water to water content 40%～45%, stir to make and treat fermented material;
2, treat by weight the ratio of fermented material: urea=50:1, urea is dissolved in appropriate water, splash in treating fermented material heap and stir;
3, treat by weight fermented material: HM bacterium decomposing agent: the ratio of colza cake: rice bran=1000:0.2:15:20, after HM bacterium, colza cake and rice bran are stirred, be sprinkling upon and treat on fermentation heap and stir, naturally stack, during this time every turning in 10 days, carry out after fully fermentation husk and be brown or dark brown, tasteless or have the light fragrance that becomes thoroughly decomposed, make available fermentation husk;
4, according to volumetric ratio fermentation husk: charing husk: loess=4:3:3, mixes and make the moistening seedling medium of required novel tobacco.
Described fermentation time is no less than 60 days.
Describedly treat to cover on fermentation heap poromeric material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the fermentation husk content of organic matter is higher suitable with peat soil, pH value is faintly acid, maximum water-holding capacity and capillary porosity are all higher than charing husk, in transportation or cargo handling process, be difficult for crushing, physicochemical character is stable, the water-raising of flue-cured tobacco seedling substrate pH value of making after mixing according to a certain ratio with charing husk and loess is faintly acid and more stable, there is good air capacity of soils and preservation capacity of water and fertility, if cushioned the higher phenomenon of the excessive potassium content of charing husk charing, cigarette seedling no return potassium magnesium antagonism, meet the required happiness faintly acid of water-raising of flue-cured tobacco seedling, the good seedling raising environment of permeability preservation capacity of water and fertility, improved the quality that cigarette seedling is cultivated.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail with experiment:
1, experimental site: Sanming City, Province Smoke Science Institute, Fujian is divided tested.
2, experimental design:
Fill a prescription one: 40% charing husk, 30% expanded perlite and 30% loess;
Fill a prescription two: 40% charing husks, 30% fermentation husk and 30% loess;
Fill a prescription three: 70% charing husks, 30% loess.
Wherein fill a prescription the fermentation husk that uses in 2 for adopting method disclosed by the invention to make, and in order to guarantee ferment effect, the fermentation husk fermentation time in formula 2 is longer than 60 days, during the fermentation, treats to cover on fermentation heap poromeric material.
3, the contrast experiment that grows seedlings:
Table 1 different substrates formula Yan Miao emergence rate unit: %
From cigarette seedling emergence rate (table 1), cigarette seedling emergence rate is comparatively stable in each phase performance, and emergence rate is substantially at 85%-90%, and the two cigarette seedling emergence rates of wherein filling a prescription are higher than formula one 0.5%-10%, the two cigarette seedling emergence rates of filling a prescription three are compared with formula, maintain an equal level or higher than formula three 0.3%-5.5%.
Table 2 different substrates formula tobacco seedling growth situation
Continued 2 different substrates formula tobacco seedling growth situations
From tobacco seedling growth situation (table 2), formula two and formula one cigarette seedling leaf are green substantially, tobacco seedling growth aggregate performance is neat, growth potential is stronger, in growing seedlings in each phase, all performance is comparatively stable, and the two tobacco seedling growth gesture of wherein filling a prescription, regularity are slightly better than formula one, and formula three is slightly owed in each phase performance stability, especially the tobacco seedling growth middle and later periods occurs that leaf look is yellow green, and growth potential is that medium summary is strong.
Table 3 six leaves are cigarette seedling economical character wholeheartedly
From six leaves wholeheartedly with become cigarette seedling economical character in seedling stage (table 3), formula two cigarette seedling leaf areas, the fresh dry weight of root, stem and leaf are all greater than formula one and formula three.
By above three formulas in difference cigarette seedling in the period performance situation on seedbed of growing seedlings, fill a prescription two and educate that cigarette seedling emergence rate is higher, tobacco seedling growth is neat, anosis, seedling quality is higher, in seedling raising process, growing way performance and overall qualities are better than filling a prescription one, three, meet water-raising of flue-cured tobacco seedling requirement in strong sprout.
4, the physicochemical character of matrix formulations
In seedling raising process nursery pond, sampling and measuring pH value result shows: formula two pH values are 6.82, are faintly acid, meets the requirement of cigarette seedling happiness faintly acid, and formula one and formula three pH values to be respectively be 7.21 and 7.15, be alkaline; Conductance measurement result, formula two is 5.47 mS/cm, respectively higher than formula one and formula three 3.65mS/cm and 3.03mS/cm; Maximum water-holding capacity measurement result, formula two is 63.89%, respectively higher than formula one and formula 3 3.78% and 7.72%; Total porosity measurement result, formula two is 88.21%, respectively lower than formula one and formula 3 5.86% and 3.07%; Capillary porosity measurement result, formula two is 11.87%, respectively higher than formula one and formula 3 5.68% and 4.31%.Comprehensive above physicochemical character, formula two is comparatively stable because of physicochemical character, and pH value is faintly acid, has good air capacity of soils and preservation capacity of water and fertility, meets the required seedling raising environment of water-raising of flue-cured tobacco seedling.
Claims (4)
1. the moistening seedling medium of novel tobacco, is characterized in that: by volume, be that 40% charing husk, 30% fermentation husk and 30% loess form.
2. the preparation method of the moistening seedling medium of a kind of novel tobacco according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) rice husk powder is broken into after pine needle shape, adds water to water content 40%-45%, stir to make and treat fermented material;
(2) treat by weight the ratio of fermented material: urea=50:1, urea is dissolved in appropriate water, splash in treating fermented material heap and stir;
(3) treat by weight fermented material: HM bacterium decomposing agent: the ratio of colza cake: rice bran=1000:0.2:15:20, after HM bacterium, colza cake and rice bran are stirred, be sprinkling upon and treat on fermentation heap and stir, naturally stack, during this time every turning in 10 days, carry out after fully fermentation husk and be brown or dark brown, tasteless or have the light fragrance that becomes thoroughly decomposed, make available fermentation husk;
(4) according to volumetric ratio fermentation husk: charing husk: loess=4:3:3, mixes and make the moistening seedling medium of required novel tobacco.
3. the preparation method of the moistening seedling medium of a kind of novel tobacco according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described fermentation time is no less than 60 days.
4. the preparation method of the moistening seedling medium of a kind of novel tobacco according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described in treat to cover on fermentation heap poromeric material.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446698A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Silicon-rich biochar organic fertilizer |
| CN104496630A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-04-08 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Fertilizer special for paddy rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN105145306A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-16 | 程晓廷 | Method for moist seedling in tobacco area |
| CN105622213A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 唐山海奥有机肥有限公司 | Low cost vegetable seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107896581A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | It is a kind of using pine needle ashes to improve the method for Flue-cured tobacco Quality and apply grey device |
| CN109220621A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州品红农业开发有限公司 | A kind of pepper seedling raising method |
| CN112753534A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 遵义大兴复肥有限责任公司 | Special floating seedling substrate for tobacco |
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| CN1846172A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2006-10-11 | 株工会社新克 | Developer for positive photosensitive composition |
| CN102696424A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司 | Improved environmentally-friendly flue-cured tobacco seedling matrix and method for preparing same |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN1846172A (en) * | 2003-09-01 | 2006-10-11 | 株工会社新克 | Developer for positive photosensitive composition |
| CN102696424A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-10-03 | 福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司 | Improved environmentally-friendly flue-cured tobacco seedling matrix and method for preparing same |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104446698A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Silicon-rich biochar organic fertilizer |
| CN104496630A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-04-08 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Fertilizer special for paddy rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN104496630B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-04-12 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Fertilizer special for paddy rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN104446698B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-04-12 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Silicon-rich biochar organic fertilizer |
| CN105145306A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-16 | 程晓廷 | Method for moist seedling in tobacco area |
| CN105622213A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-01 | 唐山海奥有机肥有限公司 | Low cost vegetable seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN107896581A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-13 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | It is a kind of using pine needle ashes to improve the method for Flue-cured tobacco Quality and apply grey device |
| CN107896581B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2024-01-23 | 贵州省烟草公司贵阳市公司 | Method for improving quality of flue-cured tobacco by applying pine needle ash and ash applicator |
| CN109220621A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州品红农业开发有限公司 | A kind of pepper seedling raising method |
| CN112753534A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 遵义大兴复肥有限责任公司 | Special floating seedling substrate for tobacco |
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Application publication date: 20140924 |