CN107223450B - Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions - Google Patents
Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107223450B CN107223450B CN201710632727.5A CN201710632727A CN107223450B CN 107223450 B CN107223450 B CN 107223450B CN 201710632727 A CN201710632727 A CN 201710632727A CN 107223450 B CN107223450 B CN 107223450B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wheat
- fertilizer
- land
- soil
- fertilizer distributor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions, which comprises the following steps: preparing wheat seeds; ploughing a land block to be sowed; providing a fertilizer distributor, wherein the fertilizer distributor is provided with a hopper and a fertilizer distributing disc, and the fertilizer distributing disc is rotatably arranged below a feed opening of the hopper; the fertilizer distributor runs on the ploughed land, the wheat seeds are contained in the hopper and are scattered on the soil surface layer of the ploughed land through the fertilizer distribution disc to perform wheat seeding, and meanwhile, wheels of the fertilizer distributor roll the soil of the land to form a furrow so as to reduce the soil moisture content of the land. The invention solves the problems that the wheat seeding machine is difficult to operate or the manual seeding efficiency is low due to continuous overcast and rainy days after rice harvesting, large field water holding capacity and soft soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat cultivation, in particular to a wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions.
Background
In the annual production of rice and wheat, the continuous rainy days after the rice is harvested, the field water holding capacity is large, and the soil is soft and rotten. In this case, on one hand, the common wheat seeding machine is difficult to normally work in the field, and on the other hand, even if the wheat seeding machine is barely used in the field, the wet mud is easy to block the seed discharging hole of the wheat seeding machine, so that the normal seeding work is often impossible.
Traditional manual broadcast sowing mode, not only the seeding operating efficiency is low, soft and rotten field forms a plurality of deep-seated foot ponds because of seeding personnel's trampling simultaneously, easily forms ponding in the foot pond under the continuous overcast and rainy condition, influences the normal emergence of wheat seed. In addition, under traditional artifical broadcast sowing mode, for drainage and stain reduction, still need carry out the secondary operation of ditching after the seeding, increase the recruitment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the wheat cultivation method suitable for the continuous rainy condition is provided, so as to solve the problems that the wheat sowing machine is difficult to operate or the manual sowing efficiency is low due to the continuous rainy condition after the rice is harvested, the field water holding capacity is large, the soil is soft and rotten.
To achieve the above object, there is provided a wheat farming method suitable for continuous rainy conditions, comprising:
preparing wheat seeds;
ploughing a land block to be sowed;
providing a fertilizer distributor, wherein the fertilizer distributor is provided with a hopper and a fertilizer distributing disc, and the fertilizer distributing disc is rotatably arranged below a feed opening of the hopper;
the fertilizer distributor runs on the ploughed land, the wheat seeds are contained in the hopper and are scattered on the soil surface layer of the ploughed land through the fertilizer distribution disc to perform wheat seeding, and meanwhile, wheels of the fertilizer distributor roll the soil of the land to form a furrow so as to reduce the soil moisture content of the land.
Furthermore, the depth of the dead furrow is 10 cm-12 cm.
Further, the step of preparing wheat seeds comprises: selecting the wheat seeds with the germination rate of more than or equal to 90 percent.
Further, the tilling the land to be sowed includes:
fertilizing in the land to be sowed;
and ploughing the fertilized plot.
Further, the fertilizer distributor is a centrifugal fertilizer distributor.
The wheat sowing method has the beneficial effects that the wheat cultivation method suitable for the continuous rainy condition is adopted, and when the wheat meets the continuous rainy weather in the suitable sowing period, the water content of the soil rises, the water content of the soil is high, and the soil is soft and rotten and is not suitable for the wheat sowing machine, on one hand, the fertilizer distributor is adopted for wheat sowing, the production efficiency is improved, the wheat planting cost is reduced, and the farming time of wheat sowing is not delayed; on the other hand, the wheels of the fertilizer distributor roll the soil to form a dead furrow drainage system to reduce the soil moisture and the soil moisture content, and the surplus moisture is removed to ensure that the wheat seeds can normally sprout, so that the wheat emergence rate is improved, meanwhile, the drainage system is prevented from being formed by ditching in the field through manpower or a ditcher, and the labor cost for wheat planting is further reduced.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions, which comprises the following steps:
s1: wheat seeds are prepared.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: the wheat seeds are sowed and subjected to seed selection, sun-drying and germination tests so as to ensure that the germination rate of the wheat seeds is more than or equal to 90 percent.
S1.1 wheat seed selection
Removing seeds damaged by diseases and pests and shrunken small seeds from the wheat seeds, and removing weed seeds and impurities from the wheat seeds.
The wheat seed selection can be mechanically or manually selected. The seed selection machine is adopted for screening, so that the working efficiency is high and the quality is good. And manual air separation is adopted, so that the production cost is low.
The selected wheat seeds should be dried in the sun and stored separately to prevent mildew and worm damage.
Before sowing, the wheat seeds should be aired again, and a germination test is performed.
S1.2 seed drying
The sun seeds before sowing can accelerate the after-ripening of seeds, enhance the vitality of the seeds, improve the germination vigor and the germination rate of the seeds and ensure that the seedlings emerge orderly. Generally, the sun can meet the requirements in the sunny weather for 1-2 days.
S1.3 Germination test
Germination tests should be carefully performed before sowing to determine the viability of the seeds.
The specific method comprises the following steps: randomly taking out 3 groups of 100 seeds from the carefully selected and sun-planted seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water, spreading filter paper on a culture dish or a small dish, soaking the seeds without the filter paper by using absorbent toilet paper or straw paper, uniformly putting the soaked seeds on the filter paper in the culture dish (dish), putting 100 seeds in each culture dish, and repeating for 3 times. Pouring appropriate amount of water (preferably not submerging the seeds), placing in warm and ventilated place (preferably about 20 deg.C), and adding water frequently to ensure that the seeds absorb water. And checking the germination condition of the seeds on the third day, wherein the minimum germination standard is set when the radicle reaches the length of the seeds and the bud reaches half of the length of the seeds. Radicles or sprouts that are malformed, rooted or germinated, are not counted in germinating seeds.
The percentage of 100 seeds germinated in 3 days is the germination potential, and the percentage of 100 seeds germinated in 7 days is the germination rate.
Generally, seeds with strong germination vigor, high germination rate and short germination days have the advantages of fast emergence, uniform emergence and strong wheat seedlings.
Generally, seeds with the germination rate of more than 90 percent and less than 80 percent are required to be produced and are not suitable for seeds, and the sowing amount is increased properly if no substitute seeds exist.
S2: ploughing the land to be sowed.
Before the proper sowing period of wheat, a base fertilizer is manually or mechanically applied to the land to be sowed.
And ploughing and preparing the land in the land block on which the base fertilizer is applied. A tractor with more than 100 horsepower is matched with a 1GKN-350 rotary cultivator (1GKN-350 type rotary cultivator, Nigaku, N.K., Taizhou) to carry out rotary tillage and stubble cleaning operation for one time, the operation depth is more than 12cm, and the straw coverage rate is more than 70%.
S3: the fertilizer distributor is provided with a hopper and a fertilizer distributing disc, and the fertilizer distributing disc is rotatably arranged below a feed opening of the hopper.
The fertilizer distributor is provided with wheels, a motor, a hopper and a fertilizer distributing disc. The wheels are arranged on two sides of the frame. The wheel is a high-pattern rubber tire, the width of the wheel is 10 cm-12 cm, and the diameter of the wheel is 80 cm-100 cm. The frame is provided with a motor, a hopper and a fertilizer spreading disc. The bottom of hopper is equipped with the feed opening, is equipped with the lining bin gate on the feed opening in order to adjust the unloading volume. The fertilizer spreading disc is connected to the output end of the motor in a transmission manner and is arranged below the feed opening. The fertilizer spreading disc is provided with fertilizer pushing blades, fertilizer particles fall down on the fertilizer spreading disc, centrifugal force is generated by rotating the fertilizer spreading disc, and the fertilizer particles are thrown out under the action of the fertilizer pushing blades. When the fertilizer is spread, the fertilizer is firstly contained in the hopper, and the material door is pulled to adjust the quantity of the fertilizer passing through the feed opening. The motor is started, the fertilizer spreading disc rotates along with the motor, fertilizer particles fall on the fertilizer spreading disc by utilizing the self gravity, and the fertilizer blades are pushed to throw the fertilizer particles out under the action of centrifugal force.
In this embodiment, the fertilizer applicator is a centrifugal disc fertilizer applicator. The specific sowing adopts a fertilizer spreader with Yongjia power of 2F-300 (brand: Yongjia power; model: 2F-300; manufacturer: Linyi Sanhe Yongjia power Co., Ltd.).
S4: the fertilizer distributor runs on the ploughed land, wheat seeds are contained in the hopper and are scattered on the soil surface layer of the ploughed land through the fertilizer distribution disc, wheat seeding is carried out, and meanwhile, the wheels roll the soil of the land to form dead furrows so as to reduce the soil moisture content of the land through running of the wheels.
And (3) determining the seeding quantity: the seeding amount of the wheat is determined according to specific seeding time.
The suitable sowing period of wheat is 10 months 5 days to 10 months 20 days in Jiangsu Huaibei area, and 10 months 25 days to 11 months 5 days in Suzhong area. The suitable sowing time of the wheat in the south of Su is 11 months and 1 day to 11 months and 10 days.
The sowing quantity of the Jiangsu area under the condition of the wheat suitable sowing period is 9 kg-10 kg per mu, and the sowing quantity is increased by 0.5 kg-1 kg per 3 days.
And (3) placing a proper amount of carefully selected wheat seeds into a hopper of the fertilizer distributor, and shifting a feed gate to adjust the number of the wheat seeds passing through a feed opening. And starting the motor to drive the fertilizer spreading disc to rotate. The wheat seeds fall on the fertilizing disc by utilizing the self gravity, and the fertilizing blades are pushed to throw the wheat seeds out under the action of centrifugal force.
Under the condition that the field soil is soft and rotten, the wheat seeds are thrown on the surface layer of the soil, so that the depth of the wheat seeds entering the soil is 0 cm-0.5 cm, and the covering operation is not needed after the sowing.
The fertilizer distributor is adopted to distribute the seeds, the wheat seeds are uniformly distributed, the wheat seeding operation efficiency is high, and the production cost is reduced. Furthermore, in continuous rainy days, the soil moisture content in the field is high, the wheat seeds are scattered on the surface layer of the soil by using the fertilizer spreader, the wheat seeds are prevented from being covered by wet mud for a long time, oxygen-free breathing of the wheat seeds is prevented from causing rotten seeds, and the emergence rate of the wheat is improved.
The distance between the left and right wheels of the fertilizer distributor is 1.5 m.
The spreading width of the fertilizer distributor is 12-19 m, in the sowing process, 2 dead furrows with the width of 10cm, the depth of 10 cm-12 cm and the distance of 1.5m are formed by rolling soft field soil through the high-flower rubber wheels on the left side and the right side of the fertilizer distributor, and the 2 dead furrows correspond to the wheels on the left side and the right side of the fertilizer distributor. Meanwhile, 2 furrows are formed by applying a fertilizer spreader at intervals of 2.5 cm-4.5 m according to the soil moisture content in the field, the recent rainwater condition and the like so as to reduce the soil moisture content of the sowing field.
Specifically, through set up vertically and horizontally staggered's dead furrow in the field with field soil moisture infiltration out and collect in the dead furrow, with the dead furrow intercommunication outside the field the irrigation canals and ditches that drain out make the moisture in the field soil transfer to the irrigation canals and ditches that drain out in order to reduce the soil moisture content of sowing the field piece under the continuous overcast and rainy weather condition to avoid scattering the wheat seed in the field piece and soaked phenomenons such as mashed kind appear by ponding.
The moisture content of the soil of the field is reduced by rolling the high-flower rubber wheels of the fertilizer distributor to form the dead furrows, and the wheat seeds thrown on the surface layer of the soil are further prevented from rotting, so that the emergence rate of the wheat is improved.
In order to control the depth of the dead furrow formed by rolling the fertilizer distributor, a frame of the fertilizer distributor is provided with a balancing weight. The specification of balancing weight can set up the multiple, if: 50kg of balancing weight, 100kg of balancing weight, 150kg of balancing weight and 200kg of balancing weight.
The clump weight can be an iron block or a concrete poured cement block. In this embodiment, the weight block is a cement block with different specifications.
The specific number and arrangement condition of the dead furrows can be determined according to the soil moisture condition in the field. The amount of field water is large, the number of dead furrows is correspondingly increased, and a criss-cross dead furrow drainage system can be arranged.
Before wheat overwintering, carry out once artifical or mechanical suppression to the wheat seedling to effectively pulverize the bulky soil woodiness, reduce soil permeability when improving soil compactness, increase soil moisture retention soil moisture conservation ability, and make seed and soil abundant contact degree, thereby be favorable to the seed to the absorption of soil moisture and promote the root system of wheat seedling and prick down, improve wheat winter protection frost resisting ability when avoiding yellow seedling, weak seedling and dead seedling.
By adopting the wheat cultivation method suitable for the continuous rainy condition, under the conditions that the moisture content of soil is increased, the moisture content of the soil is high, the soil is soft and rotten and is not suitable for a wheat sowing machine when the wheat meets the continuous rainy weather in a suitable sowing period, on one hand, the fertilizer distributor is adopted to sow the wheat, the production efficiency is improved, the wheat planting cost is reduced, and the farming time of wheat sowing is not delayed; on the other hand, the wheels of the fertilizer distributor roll the soil to form a dead furrow drainage system to reduce the soil moisture and the soil moisture content, and the surplus moisture is removed to ensure that the wheat seeds can normally sprout, so that the wheat emergence rate is improved, and meanwhile, the drainage system formed by adopting manpower or a furrow opener to ditch in the field is avoided, and the wheat planting cost is further reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of this type are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A wheat farming method suitable for continuous rainy conditions, comprising:
preparing wheat seeds;
ploughing a land block to be sowed;
providing a fertilizer distributor, wherein the fertilizer distributor is provided with a hopper and a fertilizer distributing disc, the fertilizer distributing disc is rotatably arranged below a feed opening of the hopper, and a frame of the fertilizer distributor is provided with a balancing weight;
the fertilizer distributor walks on the land blocks after cultivation, the wheat seeds are contained in the hopper and are scattered on the soil surface layer of the land blocks after cultivation through the fertilizer distributor disc, wheat seeding is carried out, meanwhile, wheels of the fertilizer distributor roll the soil of the land blocks to form dead furrows so as to reduce the soil moisture content of the land blocks, criss-cross dead furrows are arranged in the field to permeate out the soil moisture in the field and gather the soil moisture in the dead furrows, and the dead furrows are communicated with the drainage ditches outside the land blocks so that the moisture in the soil in the field is transferred to the drainage ditches in the continuous rainy weather.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the depth of the furrow is between 10cm and 12 cm.
3. Wheat cultivation method suitable for use in continuous rainy conditions, as claimed in claim 2, characterized by the step of preparing wheat seeds, comprising: selecting the wheat seeds with the germination rate of more than or equal to 90 percent.
4. Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said cultivation of the piece of land to be sown comprises:
fertilizing in the land to be sowed;
and ploughing the fertilized plot.
5. Wheat tilling method according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer distributor is a centrifugal fertilizer distributor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710632727.5A CN107223450B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710632727.5A CN107223450B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107223450A CN107223450A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
| CN107223450B true CN107223450B (en) | 2020-06-05 |
Family
ID=59956661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710632727.5A Active CN107223450B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107223450B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575612B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-09-22 | 江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所 | Wheat planting method for returning straw to field |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102771229B (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2014-05-14 | 淮海工学院 | Efficient precision fertilizer distributing and seed sowing machine |
| CN103444316B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-07-22 | 刘庆峰 | Integrated machine for farmland planting management |
| CN104350991B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽喜洋洋农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Wheat after rice half no-tillage machine trench digging broadcasts sowing cultural method |
| CN105393773B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2018-09-04 | 梁小宁 | A kind of implantation methods of wheat |
| CN106900214A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-06-30 | 洛阳市鑫乐机械设备有限公司 | A kind of Wheat After Getting Rice antiwind no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine suppression drainage arrangement |
-
2017
- 2017-07-28 CN CN201710632727.5A patent/CN107223450B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107223450A (en) | 2017-10-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104823679B (en) | A kind of method of Wheat After Getting Rice no-tillage seeding straw-returning | |
| CN104885836B (en) | Single this dense planting machine transplanting of rice cultural method of hybrid rice | |
| WO2013107317A1 (en) | Uniform wheat rolling sowing method and special rolling sowing machine | |
| CN105850470B (en) | A kind of accumulated temperature deficiency Saline-alkali Land wheat-rice rotation implantation methods | |
| CN102379231A (en) | Precise dry-hole rice direct sowing method capable of synchronously realizing ditching, ridging, fertilization and film covering | |
| CN206196289U (en) | A kind of clover seed broadcaster | |
| CN102388778A (en) | Mud seedling raising method by using seedling transplanting disc of rice machine | |
| CN109906897A (en) | Organic paddy rice implantation methods | |
| CN104770098A (en) | Land no-tillage pit forming substrate filling direct seeding method | |
| CN107197664B (en) | Facility burdock cultivation method | |
| CN210808145U (en) | Strip stubble-cleaning deep scarification fertilization no-tillage seeder | |
| CN107223450B (en) | Wheat cultivation method suitable for continuous rainy conditions | |
| CN105993753A (en) | Pollution-free direct-seeding cultivation method of single late japonica rice | |
| CN210491593U (en) | Vertical-rotation soil preparation double-suppression wheat precision seeder | |
| CN202406500U (en) | Rolling sowing machine special for uniform planting of wheat | |
| RU2161391C2 (en) | Combined tilling and sowing machine | |
| CN206776007U (en) | A kind of no-tillage and cover combined seed and fertilizer drill | |
| CN207626025U (en) | The wide cut high yield no-tillage seeding machine of seeding belt intensive cultivation can be achieved | |
| CN107646335B (en) | Efficient planting method for rhizoma corydalis | |
| CN202043438U (en) | Spreading and film covering seeder | |
| CN107079637A (en) | No-tillage and cover combined seed and fertilizer drill | |
| CN102498993A (en) | Raising of rice seedlings with flexible disc sludge method | |
| CN109169083B (en) | Method for cultivating dry seedlings by rice mulching machine transplanting discs | |
| CN112931106A (en) | Standardized cultivation method for strong rice pot seedlings | |
| RU2474099C1 (en) | Method of sowing and care of grain, cereal and legume crops and device for its implementation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |