CN107218364A - 一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法 - Google Patents

一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法 Download PDF

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CN107218364A
CN107218364A CN201710382802.7A CN201710382802A CN107218364A CN 107218364 A CN107218364 A CN 107218364A CN 201710382802 A CN201710382802 A CN 201710382802A CN 107218364 A CN107218364 A CN 107218364A
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冯能莲
黄洪印
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H9/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/24Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using chains or toothed belts, belts in the form of links; Chains or belts specially adapted to such gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16GBELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
    • F16G5/00V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
    • F16G5/16V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section consisting of several parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16GBELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
    • F16G5/00V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section
    • F16G5/20V-belts, i.e. belts of tapered cross-section with a contact surface of special shape, e.g. toothed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17Toothed wheels
    • F16H55/171Toothed belt pulleys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H55/00Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32Friction members
    • F16H55/52Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction
    • F16H55/56Pulleys or friction discs of adjustable construction of which the bearing parts are relatively axially adjustable
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H57/00General details of gearing
    • F16H57/12Arrangements for adjusting or for taking-up backlash not provided for elsewhere

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法,属于机械传动设计及制造技术领域。此技术是建立在专利200580039668.6基础上的改进技术,专利200580039668.6中记录了依靠滑片组合滑移变形实现活齿无级啮合的功能,可以实现非摩擦啮合无级变速器,但是由于活齿滑片自身的厚度,会产生“啮合齿隙”,从而引起转速转矩的传动波动。本发明针对“啮合齿隙”提出了一种计算方法,得到“啮合齿隙”与活齿滑片厚度及数量、速比、链齿节距及齿厚等之间的关系式,通过合理设计活齿无级变速器,增加“无隙速比”的数量,使活齿无级变速所有工况下的速比,尽可能的接近“无隙速比”,从而可以抑制转速转矩的波动。

Description

一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法
技术领域:
本发明属于机械传动设计及制造技术领域,尤其是涉及到一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法。
背景技术:
专利200580039668.6(滑片变形齿无级啮合活齿轮,授权公告日:2009年6月10日,授权公告号:CN 100498006C)中介绍一种滑片变形活齿无级啮合活齿轮装置,活齿无级变速装置是建立在活齿啮合理论基础之上的一种新型无级变速器,这种活齿无级变速器是依靠滑片组合滑移变形来实现活齿无级啮合传动,从而可以实现非摩擦啮合无级变速。但是由于活齿滑片具有一定的厚度,造成活齿滑片和金属齿形链啮合时会产生较大的啮合齿隙。啮合齿隙的存在会使系统在传递动力时产生齿侧冲击,造成传动的不稳定,出现转速转矩的波动。
发明内容:
针对活齿无级变速器存在啮合齿隙的问题,本发明提出一种计算“啮合齿隙”的公式,可以根据“啮合齿隙”的公式对活齿滑片厚度及数量以及金属齿形链链齿节距及齿宽进行合理设计,增加“无隙速比”的数量,从而抑制活齿无级变速器在传动过程中转速转矩的波动。
一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法,其特征在于:指某一速比下,确定“啮合齿隙”的计算公式为:
其中Δx为啮合齿隙,i为速比,A为轴心距,L为金属链链长,h为链齿高度,s为链齿节距。N为活齿滑片数量,b为活齿滑片的厚度,n为啮合滑片与临界啮合滑片之间链齿节距的个数。
根据“啮合齿隙”设计活齿滑片厚度及数量以及金属齿形链链齿节距及齿宽,使得“啮合齿隙”尽量接近0。
下图结合附图和实施例对本发明进行具体说明:
附图说明:
图1:活齿无级变速变速器含“啮合齿隙”示意图
图2:“啮合齿隙”计算公式求解示意图
图3:N1=6,b=2.0mm,啮合齿隙与速比的关系图
图4:N1=8,b=1.5mm,啮合齿隙与速比的关系图
图5:N1=12,b=1.0mm,啮合齿隙与速比的关系图
其中:
1、锥盘 2、活齿滑片
3、锥盘嵌槽 4、金属齿形链
5、活齿单元 6、传动轴
具体实施方式:
图1以主动轮为例,锥盘顺时针旋转,传递转速转矩的方向为:锥盘——活齿单元——活齿滑片——金属齿形链链齿。在某一速比下,相互啮合的活齿滑片和链齿分离时,下一临界啮合处,活齿滑片和链齿之间存在间隙,此间隙称为“啮合齿隙”。“啮合齿隙”的存在,使活齿无级变速器在传动过程中出现转速转矩的波动,造成传动的不稳定性。由于活齿滑片具有一定的厚度,“啮合齿隙”是不可避免的,为了抑制转速转矩的波动,通过推导“啮合齿隙”的计算公式,找到“啮合齿隙”的影响因素,如图2所示,“啮合齿隙”的推导公式如下:
其中R0为链齿内切圆半径,b为活齿滑片的厚度,k为齿厚,而齿侧间隙x为:
某一速比下:
其中rD、rF主从动轮工作半径,且rD=R0+h,有链长公式:
根据(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)整理得“啮合齿隙”公式为:
从公式可以看出,在速比一定时,“啮合齿隙”与活齿滑片厚度及数量以及金属齿形链链节距及齿厚有关。当“啮合齿隙”为零时,满足此条件的速比称为“无隙速比”,通过合理设计,我们可以获得很多数量的“无隙速比”,“无隙速比”的数量越多,说明变速器在传动过程中零齿隙传动更多,从而可以抑制活齿无级变速器由于“啮合齿隙”导致的转速转矩波动,使活齿无级变速器的性能优势进一步提升。以某型号活齿无级变速器作为实例,其活齿滑片的总数量N1=6,厚度b=2mm,其啮合齿隙与速比的关系图如图3。根据“啮合齿隙”公式,将活齿滑片数量和厚度分别设计成8和1.5mm以及12和1.0mm,其啮合齿隙和速比之间的关系图4、图5。从图4、图5可以看出,通过重新设计活齿滑片的数量及厚度,增加了其“无隙速比”的数量,从而可以抑制其传动过程中转速转矩的波动。
注:本文所述的“无隙”并不是理论上完全无齿隙,实践证明:有微量齿隙有利于改善润滑及寿命,并有利于降低加工精度及装配精度要求,所以本文所述的“无隙”只是相对而言,只要在现有技术标准下的通用传动机械(如齿轮传动)允许范围内,就可以视为“无隙”。

Claims (1)

1.一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法,其特征在于:指某一速比下,“啮合齿隙”的计算公式为:
<mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mo>{</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mi>h</mi> <mo>}</mo> <mo>&amp;PlusMinus;</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>h</mi> <mfrac> <mi>s</mi> <mfrac> <mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <msup> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>-</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mi>A</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>-</mo> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>i</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>i</mi> </mfrac> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
其中Δx为啮合齿隙,i为速比,A为轴心距,L为金属链链长,h为链齿高度,s为链齿节距。N为活齿滑片数量,b为活齿滑片的厚度,n为啮合滑片与临界啮合滑片之间链齿节距的个数;
根据“啮合齿隙”设计活齿滑片厚度及数量以及金属齿形链链齿节距及齿宽,使得“啮合齿隙”尽量接近0。
CN201710382802.7A 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 一种抑制活齿无级变速器转速转矩波动的方法 Pending CN107218364A (zh)

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CN109114184A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2019-01-01 谭波 一种无级变速器
CN109296175A (zh) * 2018-10-13 2019-02-01 鼎宸建设科技有限公司 一种垂直立面墙壁粗糙面处理装置
WO2019119531A1 (zh) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 谭波 链条式无级变速器

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GB162384A (en) * 1920-01-27 1921-04-27 Francis Jeremiah Healey Improvements in and relating to variable velocity ratio gearing
DE3932342A1 (de) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-11 Otto Lingner Stufenlos regelbares kettenrad
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CN109114184A (zh) * 2017-12-20 2019-01-01 谭波 一种无级变速器
WO2019119531A1 (zh) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 谭波 链条式无级变速器
CN109114184B (zh) * 2017-12-20 2020-06-02 北京博华圣源科技发展有限公司 一种无级变速器
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CN109296175A (zh) * 2018-10-13 2019-02-01 鼎宸建设科技有限公司 一种垂直立面墙壁粗糙面处理装置

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Application publication date: 20170929