CN107217043A - 一种植物乳杆菌d‑乳酸脱氢酶、其编码基因及应用 - Google Patents
一种植物乳杆菌d‑乳酸脱氢酶、其编码基因及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107217043A CN107217043A CN201710672919.9A CN201710672919A CN107217043A CN 107217043 A CN107217043 A CN 107217043A CN 201710672919 A CN201710672919 A CN 201710672919A CN 107217043 A CN107217043 A CN 107217043A
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- lactobacillus plantarum
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种植物乳杆菌D‑乳酸脱氢酶、其编码基因及应用。本发明的植物乳杆菌D‑乳酸脱氢酶氨基酸序列为:SEQ ID NO:2。所述D‑乳酸脱氢酶可高效的催化苯丙酮酸生产苯乳酸,还可以作用于丙酮酸等其它酮类化合物,生产的酶制剂可用于食品加工、医药和化工等行业。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于基因工程领域,涉及植物乳杆菌的D-乳酸脱氢酶基因、含有该基因的工程菌及其应用。
背景技术
苯乳酸(phenyllactic acid,PLA),也称3-苯基乳酸或β-苯乳酸,即2-羟基-3-苯基丙酸,是近年来发现的新型天然防腐剂。苯乳酸抑菌谱宽,不仅能够抑制多种食源性致病菌,而且对引起食品腐败的真菌具有广泛的作用。此外,苯乳酸安全无毒,有望开发成一种新型生物防腐剂应用于食品工业。它的溶解性好,易于在食品体系中扩散;稳定性高,具有宽广的pH范围和热稳定性,在食品工业中具有广阔的应用前景,可应用于医药与化妆品行业。苯乳酸具有D-苯基乳酸和L-苯基乳酸两种构型,研究表明,D-苯乳酸的抑菌能力高于L-苯乳酸。
微生物是各种酶的重要来源。通过从环境中筛选分离产酶微生物,利用分子克隆技术从产酶微生物中克隆产酶基因,再将其与合适的载体连接并转入相应宿主细胞,可进行酶的大量表达。目前,通过基因工程技术手段进行生产酶,已经成为工业用酶的主导。
乳酸脱氢酶(lactatedehydrogenae,LDH)广泛存在于多种生物体内,在高等动物体内只有L-乳酸脱氢酶,而在很多细菌内包括乳酸菌内(例如植物乳杆菌)有两种乳酸脱氢酶,D-乳酸脱氢酶(D-LDH,EC:1.1.1.28)和L-乳酸脱氢酶(L-LDH,EC:1.1.1.27)。这两种酶能分别催化苯丙酮酸生成D-苯乳酸与L-苯乳酸。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对植物乳杆菌乳酸脱氢酶在微生物体内的表达受到严格调控而致使胞内乳酸脱氢酶含量较低,限制了苯乳酸产量的问题,提供一种植物乳杆菌的D-乳酸脱氢酶。
本发明的另一目的是提供编码该植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶的基因、含有该基因的重组质粒和基因工程菌。
本发明的又一目的是提供该植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶的应用。利用基因工程技术获得高效表达乳酸脱氢酶的工程菌从而提高苯基乳酸产量,开拓苯乳酸在食品与药品行业的应用前景。
本发明的目的可通过如下技术方案实现:
一种植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶,其氨基酸序列为:SEQ ID NO.2。
编码所述植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶的核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO.1。该基因全长(从起始密码子到终止密码子)为999bp,G+C含量为42.14%,编码332个氨基酸。
一种重组质粒,该重组质粒是含有上述的植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因,其载体选用pET-28a(+)质粒。
一种基因工程菌,所述基因工程菌含有上述的植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因。
所述的基因工程菌的构建方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)利用pET-28a(+)质粒连接植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因,构建重组质粒;
(2将重组质粒转化到表达宿主菌E.coli BL21(DE3),获得重组菌;
(3)将所获得的重组菌转接到含有50mg/L卡那霉素的平板上,37℃培养12h后,挑取单菌落进行菌落pcr,以及双酶切验证,最后经测序验证基因序列无误后,保存。
本发明通过对致病性菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、李斯特菌等)的抑菌试验成功筛选到一株高效抑制致病菌生长的植物乳杆菌菌株,并克隆出D-乳酸脱氢酶基因,该基因表达的产物D-乳酸脱氢酶,能高效的催化苯丙酮酸生产苯乳酸。利用该基因构建的工程菌株能高效表达D-乳酸脱氢酶,该脱氢酶还可以作用于丙酮酸等其它酮类化合物,生产的酶制剂可用于食品加工、医药和化工等行业。利用该植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶的基因构建的基因工程菌生产的苯乳酸有望开发成一种新型生物防腐剂应用于食品工业,苯乳酸作为丹参素替代品,还可用于冠心病的治疗以及合成抗HIV试剂,在医药、食品保存、化工行业具有广阔的应用前景,不仅可以解决化学防腐剂带来的环境污染问题,还可以取得可观的经济效益。
附图说明
图1 D-乳酸脱氢酶基因克隆的策略图。
图2 D-乳酸脱氢酶基因在E.coli BL21(pET-29a(+))中高效表达方法流程图。
具体实施方式
实施例1.高产苯乳酸菌株的筛选
1.1乳酸菌菌种分离、纯化
取不同果汁液5ml接种于MRS液体培养基(蛋白胨10g/L,牛肉浸粉8g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,K2HPO4 1.5g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,柠檬酸二胺2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g/L,MnSO4.4H2O0.2g/L,吐温80 1mL/L,酵母粉4g/L,pH 6.5)。37℃培养24h进行富集。梯度稀释,取0.lmL适当稀释度的菌液倒平板,30℃培养24-48h。挑取有透明圈的单菌落划线,反复划线三次。挑取单菌落转接斜面,培养18-24h后4℃保存备用。
1.2菌种初筛、复筛
取不同果汁液5mL接种于MRS液体培养基中(蛋白胨10g/L,牛肉浸粉8g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,K2HPO4 1.5g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,柠檬酸二胺2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g/L,MnSO4·4H2O0.2g/L,吐温80 1mL/L,酵母粉4g/L,pH 6.5),30℃培养24h进行富集。取0.1mL适当稀释度的菌液倒平板(内含3%碳酸钙),30℃培养18-24h。挑取有碳酸钙溶解圈的单菌落划线纯化并镜检。
1.3牛津杯法测定筛选菌的抑菌活力
将上述步骤所筛选得到的数株乳酸菌接种至最适MRS液体培养基中(蛋白胨10g/L,牛肉浸粉8g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,K2HPO4 1.5g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,柠檬酸二胺2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O0.58g/L,MnSO4·4H2O 0.2g/L,吐温80 1mL/L,酵母粉4g/L,pH 6.5),在最适温度37℃下,静止培养24h,于沸水浴中灭菌15min,然后在8000rpm条件下离心20min,取上清液做抑菌试验。
将指示菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、李斯特菌)生长培养基(蛋白胨10g/L,酵母粉5g/L,NaCl 10g/L,PH 7.0)倒入直径9cm的培养皿中,每皿15mL,待冷却凝固后加入0.2mL指示菌悬液,L棒涂匀,待干燥后用无菌镊子放置牛津杯(内径6.0±0.1mm,高8.0±0.1mm)。静置20min后取发酵上清液0.lmL加入牛津杯内。小心放入培养箱,使发酵液充分扩散到培养基中,37℃培养48h,使用游标卡尺测量抑菌圈直径。每组做3个重复。
1.4高效液相色谱检测苯乳酸含量
将初筛获得的乳酸菌接种MRS液体培养基(蛋白胨10g/L,牛肉浸粉8g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,K2HPO4 1.5g/L,乙酸钠5g/L,柠檬酸二胺2g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.58g/L,MnSO4·4H2O0.2g/L,吐温80 1mL/L,酵母粉4g/L,pH 6.5),30℃培养72h后检测发酵液中的苯乳酸含量,得到高产菌株4℃保存备用。经过16srDNA鉴定,确定高产菌株属于植物乳杆菌属Lactobacillus plantarum。
实施例2 D-乳酸脱氢酶基因的克隆
2.1植物乳杆菌菌体总DNA的提取
采用高盐法提取实施例1获取的苯乳酸高产菌株的染色体总DNA:挑取苯乳酸高产菌株单菌落接种于3ml LB液体培养基中,30℃、180rpm培养至OD600nm≈1.0,12000rpm离心收集菌体;用1.0mL TE缓冲液(10mmoL/ LTris·Cl(pH8.0),1mmoL/L EDTA,pH 8.0)重悬洗涤菌体,10000rpm离心5min收集菌体,加入1.0ml TEN缓冲液(10mmoL/L Tris·Cl(pH8.0),1mmoL/L EDTA,0.1moL/L NaCl pH 8.0)悬浮菌体,加入5μL的溶菌酶(100mg/mL),37℃水浴1h,加入25-50μL 20%SDS和5μL蛋白酶K(20mg/ml),65℃水浴2h,待液体澄清后,加入340μL饱和NaCl溶液剧烈震荡,12000rpm离心10min,将上清液转移至无菌洁净eppendorf管中,用等体积的酚:氯仿:异戊醇(25:24:1)抽提至界面澄清无白色固体物为止,转移上清液于另一无菌洁净eppendort管中,加入0.6倍体积的异丙醇,-20℃放置0.5-1h沉淀DNA,12000rpm离心10min,去除上清后用70%乙醇洗涤2次,待乙醇挥发后加入30μL无菌水或TER,放置4℃冰箱过夜溶解,短期4℃保存,长期采用-20℃冻存。
2.2植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因的PCR扩增
简并引物是指代表编码单个氨基酸所有不同碱基可能性的不同序列的混合物。密码子具有简并性,单以氨基酸顺序推测编码的DNA序列是不精确的,但可以设计成对简并引物,扩增所有编码已知顺序的核酸序列。我们根据NCBI上的植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶ORF,比对出D-乳酸脱氢酶3’端存在3个可能的突变位点,因此根据其位置设计一对简并引物(其中R=A/G,Y=C/T,M=A/C,K=G/T,S=C/G,W=A/T,H=A/C/T,B=C/G/T,V=A/C/G,D=A/G/T,N=A/C/G/T)。
根据植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶设计引物如下:
上游引物P1:5’-TGGGTCGCGGATCCGAATTCATGAAAATTATTGCATATGCTGT-3’(SEQ IDNO.3)带有EcoRI酶切位点,
下游引物P2:5’-GTGGTGGTGGTGCTCGAGTTARTCAAACTTAACTTGYGTR-3’(SEQ IDNO.4)带有一个XhoI酶切位点,用于扩增植物乳杆菌脱氢酶基因。引物P2序列中,R、Y所在的位点为比对出的3个可能的突变位点。
以提取的植物乳杆菌全基因组为模板,利用梯度PCR仪探索D-乳酸脱氢酶的最佳退火温度,利用引物P1和P2对植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因中包含XhoI酶切位点和EcoRI酶切位点在内的片段进行扩增。
扩增体系:
PCR扩增程序:
a.94℃变性10min,48℃-55℃退火45sec,72℃延伸1min,进行30个循环;
b.72℃延伸10min;
c.4℃冷却10min。
2.3限制性内切酶XhoI酶和EcoRI酶双酶切质粒载体pET-28a(+)体系如下:
质粒10μL
10×buffer H 5μL
XhoI 1.5μL
EcoRI1.5μL
双蒸水至50μL,
37℃酶切2h。加入3μL 10×loading buffer终止酶切反应。酶切产物经0.75%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行分离,回收酶切质粒片段。回收按照试剂盒说明书进行。
2.4 D-乳酸脱氢酶目的基因片段与酶切质粒pET-28a(+)(XhoI/EcoRI)的连接。
一步克隆反应体系(冰上配):
37℃反应30min。
2.5酶连产物的转化与阳性克隆的筛选
将20μL酶连产物加入到200μL在冰上融化后的E.coli DH5α感受态细胞中,冰浴30min,在42℃水浴锅中热激90s后。快速转移到冰浴中冷却1~2min,向每管中加入800μL液体LB培养基,37℃摇床80-90rpm温育45min,复苏细胞。4000rpm离心3min,剩余200μL感受态细胞涂布于含100mg/L卡那霉素的LB琼脂平板上,平板倒置于37℃培养箱培养,12-16h后出现单菌落。挑单菌落转点标记序号同时进行菌落PCR,待菌落PCR验证正确后,将验证成功的单菌落接种于5ml LB液体试管,待长出菌悬液后提质粒并进行双酶切验证。
2.6阳性克隆子质粒的提取与测序
将2.5中筛选得到的阳性克隆子在含卡那霉素的LB培养基中培养过夜,12000rpm离心10min收集菌体,利用质粒提取试剂盒提取重组质粒,送上海捷瑞生物工程有限公司测序。
实施例3.D-乳酸脱氢酶基因在E.coli BL21(pET-28a(+))中的高效表达
D-乳酸脱氢酶基因表达流程如图2所示。
3.1将2.6中提取的重组质粒用EcoRI和XhoI双酶切
酶切体系:
在37℃水浴中,反应3h以上。酶切产物进行0.75%的琼脂糖凝胶电泳切胶回收。
3.2 pET-28a(+)(Merck-Novagen,Cat NO.69871)用EcoRI和XhoI双酶切。
3.3转化和表达
3.1中的回收片段和3.2中酶切好的pET-28a(+)进行酶连得含D-乳酸脱氢酶基因的pET-28a(+)重组质粒。
酶连好的含D-乳酸脱氢酶基因的pET-28a(+)重组质粒转化到表达宿主菌E.coliBL21(DE3)(NBE,Cat NO.C2527H)获得重组菌,涂布含有50mg/L卡那霉素和24mg/L IPTG的平板,经37℃培养16-20h后,挑取单菌落转点进行菌落PCR,经测序验证基因序列无误。
3.4验证阳性转化子表达的酶对苯丙酮酸的催化功能
3.3中得到的阳性克隆子在LB培养基中37C培养至OD600nm在0.5-0.6之间,加IPTG至浓度0.2mM,18℃继续培养24h。收集菌体用磷酸缓冲液(pH6.2)重悬后,用超声处理破碎菌体细胞,20000g离心15min,所得上清即为D-乳酸脱氢酶粗酶液。取50μL D-乳酸脱氢酶粗酶液加至2ml含有20mM苯丙酮酸、0.2mM NADH的磷酸缓冲液中,于30℃反应2h后,用高效液相色谱检测产物苯乳酸的含量。
由于D-乳酸脱氢酶催化苯丙酮酸产苯乳酸需要还原力的参与,因此反应体系里需要添加一定量的辅酶因子NADH。根据辅酶NADH在340nm吸光值的减小速度来定义酶活。酶活测定温度30℃,3.0mL的反应体系:pH 6.5100mM磷酸钾缓冲液,含0.6μmol NADH,2.27μmol的丙酮酸或19.6μmol苯丙酮酸及适当的酶液。空白中不含NADH。苯丙酮酸每次试验现配。每分钟减少1μmol的NDAH所用的酶量为一个酶活单位。比活力定义为:每毫克酶蛋白所含的酶活单位(U/mg)。测得粗酶的比活力为1.3μmol/min/mg,即1mg该粗酶以苯丙酮酸为底物在最适条件下反应每分钟可消耗1.3μmol NADH。后将该酶通过Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化并经超滤浓缩后测得该酶在以苯丙酮酸为底物时的比活力为50μmol/min/mg,即1mg纯酶在苯丙酮酸为底物时每分钟消耗30μmol NADH。该结果表明纯化浓缩后的比酶活力约为粗酶的38倍。经液相结果检测,酶催化苯丙酮酸产苯乳酸转化率达到100%,全细胞催化苯丙酮酸产苯乳酸产量达到3.2g/L,转化率达到了73%。
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Claims (7)
1.一种植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列为:SEQ ID NO:2。
2.编码权利要求1所述植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因的基因序列,其特征在于,其核苷酸序列为:SEQ ID NO:1。
3.含有权利要求2所述基因序列的重组质粒。
4.根据权利要求3所述的重组质粒,其特征在于,其载体选用pET-28a(+)质粒。
5.含有权利要求2所述基因序列的基因工程菌。
6.权利要求5所述的基因工程菌的构建方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
(1)利用pET-28a(+)质粒连接植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶基因,构建重组质粒;
(2)将重组质粒转化到表达宿主菌E.coli BL21(DE3),获得重组菌;
(3)将所获得的重组菌转接到含有50mg/L卡那霉素和24mg/L IPTG的平板,37℃培养16h后,挑取单菌落转点并进行菌落PCR,经测序验证基因序列无误后,保存。
7.权利要求1所述植物乳杆菌D-乳酸脱氢酶在催化苯丙酮酸产D-苯乳酸的应用。
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