CN107201682B - 一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺 - Google Patents

一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺 Download PDF

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CN107201682B
CN107201682B CN201710404172.9A CN201710404172A CN107201682B CN 107201682 B CN107201682 B CN 107201682B CN 201710404172 A CN201710404172 A CN 201710404172A CN 107201682 B CN107201682 B CN 107201682B
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王树根
朱逸行
朱志祥
傅小琴
蒋静
周文军
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Shaoxing Keqiao Stronger Assistant Co Ltd
Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺,属于喷墨印花技术领域。本发明的活性染料防染印花工艺,包括以下步骤:上浆、烘干、计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理、制备防染和防白墨水及喷印、染地色、汽蒸、水洗烘干。本发明公开的基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺简单,操作方便,防染的花纹可以用计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理,得到想要的图案,再由计算机控制喷墨嘴印制出图案,印制的花纹轮廓清晰,色彩逼真绚丽,同时可以节约用量及成本。

Description

一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺,属于喷墨印花技术领域。
背景技术
喷墨印花,也称为数码印花,是通过纺织品专用的喷墨打印机将数字图案打印在纺织品上,这种专用的喷墨印花机称为数码印花机。随着经济水平的不断增长,物质生活水平地逐渐提高,人们对纺织品的要求也在提高,数码喷墨印花技术作为一种全新的印花技术,近年来发展迅速,它摒弃了传统印花复杂的制版工艺,具有快速、灵活、精细等特点,印花工艺相较于传统印花更加节约染化料与水资源,能够满足当今纺织品市场对小批量、多品种、高精准及生态环保型的需求,其发展前景广阔,越来越多的科研单位及高校加入到了对喷墨印花技术的研究行列。
目前的活性染料防染印花工艺大多都是采用印花网印制,主要存在以下三方面的缺点:一是用印花网防染印花的花纹部分轮廓不清晰,容易渗化,影响印花的效果;二是印制过程中容易沾染地色,造成地色沾污,使得织物不清洁;三是印制过程费时费力,不容易控制且用量大,造成染化料的大量浪费。因此需要一种新的技术来解决上述出现的问题。
目前喷墨印花技术染在织物上的染料量较少,而且活性染料在棉织物上的固色率不高,因此,目前棉织物采用活性染料墨水喷印,普遍得色不深;而真丝织物由于其纤维表面光滑、抱水性较差等原因,采用活性染料墨水喷印时,容易产生渗化现象,降低了喷墨印花图案的清晰度和颜色深度。虽然很多专利公开了活性染料喷墨印花工艺的报道,但利用喷墨印花技术进行防染工艺还没有相关的报道。此外,目前也没有可以进行双面防染的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种活性染料防染印花工艺,本发明的工艺是基于喷墨印花技术的工艺,可以为工业化生产提供借鉴作用。
本发明的活性染料防染印花工艺,步骤如下:上浆→烘干→计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理→防染浆及喷印→染地色→烘干→汽蒸→水洗烘干。
在一种实施方式中,所述工艺具体是:先使用上浆剂对织物进行上浆处理,然后将经过上浆处理后的织物烘干;计算机设计图案,并制备含有防染活性墨水和防染剂的防染浆,采用喷墨印花装置进行喷印;采用轧染的工艺,使用进行地色染料进行染色;经汽蒸、水洗、烘干,得到处理好的织物。
在一种实施方式中,所述上浆剂包含:30~40%海藻酸钠糊,2~4%分散剂,1~3%防泳移剂。
本发明中,若无特殊说明,百分数是指质量百分数;海藻酸钠糊中海藻酸钠的质量浓度为6%。
在一种实施方式中,所述防染活性墨水的成分:活性染料5%~10%、三甘醇4%~6%、1,4-丁二醇12%~15%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%~8%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%~10%;尿素6%~8%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%~2%、苯甲酸钠0.5%~1.5%、三乙醇胺1%~2%、硼砂0.5%~1.5%、其余加去离子水补满100%。
在一种实施方式中,所述防白墨水的主要成分为亚硫酸钠、涂料。
在一种实施方式中,所述防白墨水的组成成分为:白涂料10%~20%、三甘醇4%~6%、1,4-丁二醇12%~15%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%~8%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%~10%;尿素6%~8%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%~2%、苯甲酸钠0.5%~2%、三乙醇胺1%~3%、硼砂0.5%~1.5%、亚硫酸钠6%~15%、去离子水补满至总液量达100%。
在一种实施方式中,所述地色染料为KN型活性染料,采用轧染工艺,处方为:活性染料3%、尿素3~5%、防染盐S 1~3%、小苏打1~2%、海藻酸钠糊50~60%(海藻酸钠糊为6%的海藻酸钠)、总液量100%。
在一种实施方式中,所述汽蒸,将织物烘干后再在饱和蒸汽中102~104℃下汽蒸6~8min,使活性染料固色。
在一种实施方式中,所述水洗烘干工序是先将汽蒸固色后的织物用冷水淋洗,再用50-60℃的热水冲洗,然后在热风下烘干。
与传统防染印花工艺相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明工艺操作简单,生产成本低,适合批量化生产,数码印花机打样,可以代替部分原来必须在圆网、平网印花机上打样的工作,无需再占用机台时间。一般打一个样经常会占用一台机器3-4个小时的时间,印花速度达到了210m2/h,提高了生产效率,大大地缩短了生产周期;
(2)本发明喷墨打印的图案花纹不易渗化,轮廓清晰且图案生动逼真,印花图案分辨率高达2900dpi;
(3)本发明设计的防染剂配方对打印机没有影响,流动性好,适于机打,不会堵塞喷头;而且能够实现双面拔染;
(4)本发明工艺过程没有染料和助剂的浪费,无污水排放。喷印过程中不用水,不用调制色浆,无废染液色浆,噪音小,不会对环境造成破坏,不会对周围环境造成噪音影响。具有低碳环保的优良特性。
具体实施方案
下面是对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺,包括以下步骤:上浆→烘干→计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理→调防染墨水及喷印→染地色→汽蒸→水洗烘干。
(1)上浆处理:上浆剂的处方为:30%海藻酸钠糊,30%羟丙基瓜尔豆胶、5%分散剂、5%防泳移剂。
(2)烘干:将经过上浆处理后的织物在80℃烘干至6成干。
(3)计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理:通过描搞编辑处理,得到想要的图案,再由计算机控制喷墨嘴。
(4)优化制备防染活性蓝墨水及喷印配方:活性染料10%、三甘醇6%、1,4-丁二醇12%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%;尿素6%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%、苯甲酸钠0.5%、三乙醇胺1%、硼砂0.5%、亚硫酸钠4%、去离子水补满至总液量达100%。
制备步骤为将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中,混合并搅拌均匀,然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂,制备高渗透喷墨印花防染活性墨水。使用上述的防染墨水采用喷墨印花装置进行喷印。
(5)染地色:采用轧染的工艺进行染色。活性染料地色轧染液的处方为:活性染料X:3%、尿素5%、防染盐S 2%、小苏打2%、海藻酸钠糊50%、总液量100%。
(6)汽蒸:将烘干后的织物在饱和蒸汽中102~104℃下汽蒸6~8min,使活性染料固色。
(7)水洗烘干:将汽蒸固色后的织物用冷水淋洗,水温为15℃,洗涤时间为5min,再用50-60℃的热水冲洗,洗涤时间为5min,然后在热风下烘干。
在上述防染印花后采用如下的方法测试防染性能
(1)表观特征值K/S
用Datacolor 650反射分光光度仪测定防染区域试样的表观色深K/S值,采用SAV小孔径、D65光源和10°视角,每个布样测量四次取平均值
(2)色牢度
按照GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》进行测定。分别用GB/T250-2008《评定变色用灰色样卡》、GB/T 251-2008《评定沾色用灰色样卡》评定变色牢度和沾色牢度。按照GT/B 3920-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》进行测定。用灰色样卡评定摩擦布的沾色。
测试结果如表1所示。
表1
经上述工艺喷墨防印花的织物色泽鲜艳,花纹轮廓清晰,无明显渗化,防染区域正面K/S值为20.5,反面K/S值为15.4,正反面均能达到良好的防染效果,干摩擦及湿摩擦牢度均达到5级,水洗牢度可达4-5级。
实施例2
一种基于喷墨印花技术的活性染料防染印花工艺,包括以下步骤:上浆→烘干→计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理→调防白墨水及喷印→染地色→汽蒸→水洗烘干。
(1)上浆处理:上浆剂的处方为:35%海藻酸钠糊,4%分散剂,3%防泳移剂,23%去离子水。
(2)烘干:将经过上浆处理后的织物在80℃烘干至6成干。
(3)计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理:通过描搞编辑处理,得到想要的图案,再由计算机控制喷墨嘴。
(4)防白活性墨水制备及喷印:白涂料15%、三甘醇6%、1,4-丁二醇12%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%;尿素6%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%、苯甲酸钠0.5%、三乙醇胺1%、硼砂0.5%、亚硫酸钠6%、、去离子水补满至总液量达100%。
制备步骤为将上述物质依次加到烧瓶中,混合并搅拌均匀,然后将其依次通过1.5微米、0.52微米、0.2微米的滤膜进行过滤除杂,制备高渗透喷墨印花防染活性墨水。使用上述的防染墨水采用喷墨印花装置进行喷印。
(5)染地色:采用轧染的工艺进行染色。活性染料地色轧染液的处方为:活性染料X:3%、尿素5%、防染盐S 2%、小苏打2%、海藻酸钠糊60%、总液量100%。
(6)汽蒸:将烘干后的织物在饱和蒸汽中102~104℃下汽蒸6~8min,使活性染料固色。
(7)水洗烘干:将汽蒸固色后的织物用冷水淋洗,水温为15,洗涤时间为5min,再用50-60℃的热水冲洗,洗涤时间为5min,然后在热风下烘干。
在上述防染印花后采用如下的方法测试防染性能
(1)白度
用Datacolor 650反射分光光度仪测定防白区域试样的白度,采用SAV小孔径、D65光源和10°视角,每个布样测量四次取平均值
(2)色牢度
按照GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐皂洗色牢度》进行测定。分别用GB/T250-2008《评定变色用灰色样卡》、GB/T 251-2008《评定沾色用灰色样卡》评定变色牢度和沾色牢度。按照GT/B 3920-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》进行测定。用灰色样卡评定摩擦布的沾色。
测试结果如表2所示。
表2
经上述工艺喷墨防印花的织物色泽鲜艳,花纹轮廓清晰,无明显渗化,防白区域正面白度值为96.5,反面白度为93.2,正反面均能达到良好的防染效果,干摩擦及湿摩擦牢度均达到5级,水洗牢度可达4-5级。
对照例1:不同拔染墨水对拔染效果的影响
采用不同配方的防染活性墨水进行防染,其他步骤或者方法与实施例1一致。
防染墨水配方A:与实施例1的防染墨水相比,用去离子水替代了脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚及尿素,其他组分、比例与实施例1一致。
防染墨水配方B:与实施例1的防染墨水相比,用去离子水替代尿素,其他组分、比例与实施例1一致。
防染墨水配方C:与实施例1的防染墨水相比,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚及尿素的添加比例分别调整为5%和15%,其他组分和比例与实施例1一致。
在上述防染印花后采用如下的方法测试拔染性能。结果表3所示。而使用配方C进行上机打印流畅性测试,运行20小时左右出现断线堵塞情况。
表3
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (8)

1.一种活性染料防染印花工艺,其特征在于,所述工艺的步骤如下:上浆→烘干→计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理→防染浆及喷印→染地色→烘干→汽蒸→水洗烘干;
所述防染浆为防染活性墨水或防白墨水;
所述防染活性墨水的成分:活性染料5%~10%、三甘醇4%~6%、1,4-丁二醇12%~15%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%~8%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%~10%;尿素6%~8%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%~2%、苯甲酸钠0.5%~1.5%、三乙醇胺1%~2%、硼砂0.5%~1.5%、其余加去离子水补满100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述工艺具体是:先使用上浆剂对织物进行上浆处理,然后将经过上浆处理后的织物烘干,计算机印花分色描搞(CAD)编辑处理,并制备防染活性墨水和防白墨水,采用喷墨印花装置进行喷印;采用轧染的工艺,使用地色染料进行染色;经汽蒸、水洗、烘干,得到处理好的织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述上浆剂包含:30~40%海藻酸钠糊,2~4%分散剂,1~3%防泳移剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述防白墨水的主要成分为亚硫酸钠、涂料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述防白墨水的组成成分为:白涂料10%~20%、三甘醇4%~6%、1,4-丁二醇12%~15%、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺6%~8%、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚8%~10%;尿素6%~8%、十二烷基苯磺酸钠1%~2%、苯甲酸钠0.5%~2%、三乙醇胺1%~3%、硼砂0.5%~1.5%、亚硫酸钠6%~15%、去离子水补满至总液量达100%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述地色染料为KN型活性染料,采用轧染工艺,处方为:活性染料3%、尿素3~5%、防染盐S 1~3%、小苏打1~2%、海藻酸钠糊50~60%、总液量100%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述汽蒸,将织物烘干后再在饱和蒸汽中102~104℃下汽蒸6~8min,使活性染料固色。
8.根据权利要求1所述的工艺,其特征在于,所述水洗烘干工序是先将汽蒸固色后的织物用冷水淋洗,再用50-60℃的热水冲洗,然后在热风下烘干。
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