CN107197674A - A kind of bletilla striata cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of bletilla striata cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107197674A CN107197674A CN201710479495.4A CN201710479495A CN107197674A CN 107197674 A CN107197674 A CN 107197674A CN 201710479495 A CN201710479495 A CN 201710479495A CN 107197674 A CN107197674 A CN 107197674A
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- bletilla striata
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B3/00—Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bletilla striata cultural method, comprise the following steps：Site preparation is selected, soil improvement, hardening is transplanted, tillage and weeding, First Year fertilising, Second Year fertilising, harvest.The advantage of the invention is that：(1) simple to operate, plantation is convenient；(2) on the basis of bletilla striata growth and environmental condition is fully understood by, using land resource and space sunlight-heat reaources, the growing environment at the raw dark and damp place of sylvan life of bletilla striata happiness is solved the problems, such as, strengthens bletilla striata artificial growth suitability, planting cost is reduced；(3) using self-control fertilizer, and strict control fertilization time and dose, make quality of medicinal material high.
Description
Technical field
Field, more particularly to a kind of bletilla striata cultural method are cultivated the present invention relates to the bletilla striata.
Background technology
Bletilla striata Bletilla striata (Thunb.ex A.Murray) Rchb.f, is orchid family Orchidaceae bletilla striatas category
Bletilla perennial herbs, originate in southwest, Gansu, Shaanxi and East China, Central-South.It is born in the dark and damp place of sylvan life or hillside thick grass,
It is used as medicine with stem tuber, with tonifying lung hemostasis, the effects such as detumescence and promoting granulation.With the increase of bletilla striata market and demand, its price is increasingly high
Rise, wild bletilla striata digs coyoting by private, causes the deterioration of the ecological environment, while its yield and quality is in downward trend year by year.
In order to fundamentally solve the market demand of the bletilla striata, people start to carry out the artificial growth research of the bletilla striata in recent years,
But the artificial growth bletilla striata is faced with the problems such as plantation is complicated, cost is high, quality of medicinal material declines, and therefore, is badly in need of a kind of plantation at present
The convenient, bletilla striata cultural method that cost is low, quality of medicinal material is high.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of plantation is convenient, cost is low, quality of medicinal material
High bletilla striata cultural method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of bletilla striata cultural method, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation is selected
The selection Schattenseite virgin soil that draining is good, soil layer is deep is used as milpa；
(2) soil improvement
Soil is turned over deep ploughing 22-25cm, soil sterilization sterilization is carried out with fenaminosulf and quick lime, according still further to every mu of 500-
900kg applies self-control base manure, soil and self-control base manure is mixed uniformly with ploughing deeply；Ploughed shallowly again once before plant, smooth the earth, rake,
The wide 100-110cm of bedding high ridge；
(3) hardening
Bletilla tissue culture seedlings are taken in transition culture 8-10 days in hardening canopy, bottle cap is gradually opened and adapts to 3-4 days；Take out sterile
Seedling, plant is split, and dense planting is on hardening bed；Temperature control is in 12-24 DEG C, humidity more than 85%, shading training in hardening canopy
Educate, spray carbendazol during hardening weekly 1-2 times, 0.04% urea was sprayed every 11-12 days once；90-95 after plantation
My god, obtain bletilla striata seedling；
(4) transplant
In April, with trench digging is picked, drains spacing 20-24cm, deep 7-9cm, orientation put bletilla striata seedling 1 by spacing in the rows 6-6.5cm；
(5) tillage and weeding
April, after bletilla striata seedling all sprouts, first time weeding；June, when bletilla striata growth is vigorous, second of weeding；8-9
Month, third time weeding；4th weeding is carried out when planting crop harvesting between combining；Each laggard field headquarters nutrient solution of weeding is topdressed；
(6) First Year applies fertilizer
First Year was filled the gaps with seedlings in 7-15 days after field planting, it is ensured that each bletilla striata seedling is normally transplanted, it is ensured that stable high yield；30 days
Growing way evaluation is carried out afterwards, can impose a cleaning up excrement to carry seed manure according to 1000-1500kg/ mus if seedling growing way is weak；Root after two months
Topdressed again according to seedling growing state；
(7) Second Year applies fertilizer
Second Year early spring is once topdressed；
(8) harvest
Grow to harvesting in the 4th year.
The fertilizer formula of self-control base manure is in one of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the step (2)：Urea 10-
14kg, potassium chloride 10-20kg, magnesium sulfate 5-8kg, farm manure 1500kg, dendrobe powder 0.2-0.8kg, stalk 1-2kg.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the formula of nutrient solution is in the step (5)：Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 10-
12kg, cow dung 10-12kg, wormcast 5-10kg, stalk 5-10kg, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1-4kg；
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, each weeding shallow will be uprooted in the step (5), so as not to hindering root.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, in the step (6) during bletilla striata plant strain growth, it is ensured that soil moisture content
70-80%；Rainy day carries out draining, to prevent there is ponding.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, the fertilizer formula topdressed in the step (7) is：Ternary compound fertilizer 70-
80kg+ medicinal material special fertilizer 60-80kg+10-15kg trace-element fertilizers.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, topdressing method uses perforated method in the step (7)：In the middle of two plant
A fertilising cave is dug, depth is 7-9cm, uniform mixed fertilizer is averagely applied in cave, blinding covering.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, notes irrigating, it is ensured that soil when 9-10 months are arid in the step (7)
Water content is in 75-79%；Rainy day notes draining, to prevent there is ponding.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, specific harvest time is in the step (8)：Grow to the 4th year cauline leaf
Harvested when yellow withered.
One of preferred embodiment as the present invention, topdressing method uses foliage-spray in the step (5) and step (6).
The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is：(1) simple to operate, plantation is convenient；(2) it is being fully understood by bletilla striata life
On the basis of long and environmental condition, using land resource and space sunlight-heat reaources, the life at the raw dark and damp place of sylvan life of bletilla striata happiness is solved
Long environmental problem, strengthens bletilla striata artificial growth suitability, reduces planting cost；(3) using self-control fertilizer, and strict control is applied
Fertile time and dose, make quality of medicinal material high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the bletilla striata cultural method in embodiment 1-3.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are elaborated below, the present embodiment is carried out lower premised on technical solution of the present invention
Implement, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementations
Example.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bletilla striata cultural method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation is selected
The selection Schattenseite virgin soil that draining is good, soil layer is deep is used as milpa；
(2) soil improvement
Soil is turned over deep ploughing 22cm, soil sterilization sterilization is carried out with fenaminosulf and quick lime, is applied according still further to every mu of 500 kg
Make base manure (urea 10kg, potassium chloride 10kg, magnesium sulfate 5kg, farm manure 1500kg, dendrobe powder 0.2kg, stalk 1kg) by oneself, plough deeply
Ground makes soil and self-control base manure mix uniformly；Ploughed shallowly again once before plant, smooth the earth, rake, the wide 100cm of bedding high ridge；
(3) hardening
Bletilla tissue culture seedlings are taken in transition culture 8 days in hardening canopy, bottle cap is gradually opened and adapts to 3 days；Aseptic seedling is taken out, will be planted
Strain is split, and dense planting is on hardening bed；Temperature control is at 12 DEG C in hardening canopy, humidity 85%, shading cultivation, every during hardening
Week spray carbendazol 1 time, 0.04% urea was sprayed once every 11 days；90 days after plantation, bletilla striata seedling is obtained；
(4) transplant
In April, with trench digging is picked, drains spacing 20cm, deep 7cm, orientation put bletilla striata seedling 1 by spacing in the rows 6cm；
(5) tillage and weeding
April, after bletilla striata seedling all sprouts, first time weeding；June, when bletilla striata growth is vigorous, second of weeding；August
Part, third time weeding；4th weeding is carried out when planting crop harvesting between combining；The laggard field headquarters nutrient solution (calcium monohydrogen phosphate of each weeding
10kg, cow dung 10kg, wormcast 5kg, stalk 5kg, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1kg) topdress and (use foliage-spray)；Wherein, often
Secondary weeding will keep shallow hoe, so as not to hindering root；
(6) First Year applies fertilizer
First Year was filled the gaps with seedlings in 7 days after field planting, it is ensured that each bletilla striata seedling is normally transplanted, it is ensured that stable high yield；After 30 days
Growing way evaluation is carried out, can impose a cleaning up excrement to carry seed manure according to 1000kg/ mus if seedling growing way is weak；Grown after two months according to seedling
Situation is topdressed (use foliage-spray) again；Growth period, it is ensured that soil moisture content 70%；Rainy day carries out draining, to prevent going out
Existing ponding.
(7) Second Year applies fertilizer
Second Year early spring is once topdressed, and the fertilizer formula topdressed is：Ternary compound fertilizer 70kg+ medicinal material special fertilizers 60kg
+ 10kg trace-element fertilizers；Topdressing method uses perforated method：A fertilising cave is dug in the middle of two plant, depth is 7cm, will be equal
Even mixed fertilizer is averagely applied in cave, blinding covering；Note irrigating during September part arid, it is ensured that soil moisture content is 75%；
Rainy day notes draining, to prevent there is ponding；
(8) harvest
Grow to the 4th year cauline leaf it is yellow withered when harvest.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bletilla striata cultural method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation is selected
The selection Schattenseite virgin soil that draining is good, soil layer is deep is used as milpa；
(2) soil improvement
Soil is turned over deep ploughing 25cm, soil sterilization sterilization is carried out with fenaminosulf and quick lime, is applied according still further to every mu of 900 kg
Make base manure (urea 14kg, potassium chloride 20kg, magnesium sulfate 8kg, farm manure 1500kg, dendrobe powder 0.8kg, stalk 2kg) by oneself, plough deeply
Ground makes soil and self-control base manure mix uniformly；Ploughed shallowly again once before plant, smooth the earth, rake, the wide 110cm of bedding high ridge；
(3) hardening
Bletilla tissue culture seedlings are taken in transition culture 10 days in hardening canopy, bottle cap is gradually opened and adapts to 4 days；Aseptic seedling is taken out, will
Plant splits, and dense planting is on hardening bed；Temperature control is at 24 DEG C in hardening canopy, humidity 95%, shading cultivation, during hardening
Spray carbendazol 2 times, 0.04% urea was sprayed once every 12 days weekly；95 days after plantation, bletilla striata seedling is obtained；
(4) transplant
In April, with trench digging is picked, drains spacing 24cm, deep 9cm, orientation put bletilla striata seedling 1 by spacing in the rows 6.5cm；
(5) tillage and weeding
April, after bletilla striata seedling all sprouts, first time weeding；June, when bletilla striata growth is vigorous, second of weeding；September
Part, third time weeding；4th weeding is carried out when planting crop harvesting between combining；The laggard field headquarters nutrient solution (calcium monohydrogen phosphate of each weeding
12kg, cow dung 12kg, wormcast 10kg, stalk 10kg, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4kg) topdress and (use foliage-spray)；Wherein,
Each weeding will keep shallow hoe, so as not to hindering root；
(6) First Year applies fertilizer
First Year was filled the gaps with seedlings in 15 days after field planting, it is ensured that each bletilla striata seedling is normally transplanted, it is ensured that stable high yield；30 days
Growing way evaluation is carried out afterwards, can impose a cleaning up excrement to carry seed manure according to 1500kg/ mus if seedling growing way is weak；Given birth to after two months according to seedling
Long situation is topdressed (use foliage-spray) again；Growth period, it is ensured that soil moisture content 80%；Rainy day carries out draining, to prevent
There is ponding.
(7) Second Year applies fertilizer
Second Year early spring is once topdressed, and the fertilizer formula topdressed is：Ternary compound fertilizer 80kg+ medicinal material special fertilizers 80kg
+ 15kg trace-element fertilizers；Topdressing method uses perforated method：A fertilising cave is dug in the middle of two plant, depth is 9cm, will be equal
Even mixed fertilizer is averagely applied in cave, blinding covering；Note October irrigating when arid, it is ensured that soil moisture content exists
79%；Rainy day notes draining, to prevent there is ponding；
(8) harvest
Grow to the 4th year cauline leaf it is yellow withered when harvest.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bletilla striata cultural method of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
(1) site preparation is selected
The selection Schattenseite virgin soil that draining is good, soil layer is deep is used as milpa；
(2) soil improvement
Soil is turned over deep ploughing 23cm, soil sterilization sterilization is carried out with fenaminosulf and quick lime, is applied according still further to every mu of 700kg
Make base manure (urea 12kg, potassium chloride 15kg, magnesium sulfate 6kg, farm manure 1500kg, dendrobe powder 0.5kg, stalk 1-2kg) by oneself, it is deep
Ploughing makes soil and self-control base manure mix uniformly；Ploughed shallowly again once before plant, smooth the earth, rake, the wide 105cm of bedding high ridge；
(3) hardening
Bletilla tissue culture seedlings are taken in transition culture 9 days in hardening canopy, bottle cap is gradually opened and adapts to 3.5 days；Aseptic seedling is taken out, will
Plant splits, and dense planting is on hardening bed；Temperature control is at 15 DEG C in hardening canopy, humidity 90%, shading cultivation, during hardening
Spray carbendazol 1 time, 0.04% urea was sprayed once every 11 days weekly；92 days after plantation, bletilla striata seedling is obtained；
(4) transplant
In April, with trench digging is picked, drains spacing 22cm, deep 8cm, orientation put bletilla striata seedling 1 by spacing in the rows 6.2cm；
(5) tillage and weeding
April, after bletilla striata seedling all sprouts, first time weeding；June, when bletilla striata growth is vigorous, second of weeding；August
Part, third time weeding；4th weeding is carried out when planting crop harvesting between combining；The laggard field headquarters nutrient solution (calcium monohydrogen phosphate of each weeding
11kg, cow dung 11kg, wormcast 8kg, stalk 8kg, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2kg) topdress and (use foliage-spray)；Wherein, often
Secondary weeding will keep shallow hoe, so as not to hindering root；
(6) First Year applies fertilizer
First Year was filled the gaps with seedlings in 10 days after field planting, it is ensured that each bletilla striata seedling is normally transplanted, it is ensured that stable high yield；30 days
Growing way evaluation is carried out afterwards, can impose a cleaning up excrement to carry seed manure according to 1200kg/ mus if seedling growing way is weak；Given birth to after two months according to seedling
Long situation is topdressed (use foliage-spray) again；Growth period, it is ensured that soil moisture content 75%；Rainy day carries out draining, to prevent
There is ponding.
(7) Second Year applies fertilizer
Second Year early spring is once topdressed, and the fertilizer formula topdressed is：Ternary compound fertilizer 75kg+ medicinal material special fertilizers 75kg
+ 12kg trace-element fertilizers；Topdressing method uses perforated method：A fertilising cave is dug in the middle of two plant, depth is 8cm, will be equal
Even mixed fertilizer is averagely applied in cave, blinding covering；Note irrigating during September part arid, it is ensured that soil moisture content is 77%；
Rainy day notes draining, to prevent there is ponding；
(8) harvest
Grow to the 4th year cauline leaf it is yellow withered when harvest.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bletilla striata cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) site preparation is selected
The selection Schattenseite virgin soil that draining is good, soil layer is deep is used as milpa；
(2) soil improvement
Soil is turned over deep ploughing 22-25cm, soil sterilization sterilization is carried out with fenaminosulf and quick lime, is applied according still further to every mu of 500-900kg
Enter to make base manure by oneself, soil and self-control base manure is mixed uniformly with ploughing deeply；Plant before plough shallowly again once, smooth the earth, rake, bedding it is wide
100-110cm high ridge；
(3) hardening
Bletilla tissue culture seedlings are taken in transition culture 8-10 days in hardening canopy, bottle cap is gradually opened and adapts to 3-4 days；Aseptic seedling is taken out, will
Plant splits, and dense planting is on hardening bed；Temperature control is in 12-24 DEG C, humidity more than 85%, shading cultivation, refining in hardening canopy
Carbendazol is sprayed during seedling weekly 1-2 times, 0.04% urea was sprayed every 11-12 days once；90-95 days after plantation, obtain
Bletilla striata seedling；
(4) transplant
In April, with trench digging is picked, drains spacing 20-24cm, deep 7-9cm, orientation put bletilla striata seedling 1 by spacing in the rows 6-6.5cm；
(5) tillage and weeding
April, after bletilla striata seedling all sprouts, first time weeding；June, when bletilla striata growth is vigorous, second of weeding；The 8-9 months
Part, third time weeding；4th weeding is carried out when planting crop harvesting between combining；Each laggard field headquarters nutrient solution of weeding is topdressed；
(6) First Year applies fertilizer
First Year was filled the gaps with seedlings in 7-15 days after field planting, it is ensured that each bletilla striata seedling is normally transplanted, it is ensured that stable high yield；30 days laggard
Row growing way is evaluated, and can impose a cleaning up excrement to carry seed manure according to 1000-1500kg/ mus if seedling growing way is weak；After two months according to seedling
Growing state is topdressed again；
(7) Second Year applies fertilizer
Second Year early spring is once topdressed；
(8) harvest
Grow to harvesting in the 4th year.
2. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer of self-control base manure in the step (2)
It is formulated and is：Urea 10-14kg, potassium chloride 10-20kg, magnesium sulfate 5-8kg, farm manure 1500kg, dendrobe powder 0.2-0.8kg, straw
Stalk 1-2kg.
3. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the formula of nutrient solution is in the step (5)：
Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 10-12kg, cow dung 10-12kg, wormcast 5-10kg, stalk 5-10kg, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1-4kg.
4. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each weeding will be shallow in the step (5)
Hoe, so as not to hindering root.
5. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bletilla striata plant strain growth phase in the step (6)
Between, it is ensured that soil moisture content 70-80%；Rainy day carries out draining, to prevent there is ponding.
6. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer formula topdressed in the step (7)
For：Ternary compound fertilizer 70-80kg+ medicinal material special fertilizer 60-80kg+10-15kg trace-element fertilizers.
7. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that topdressing method uses cave in the step (7)
Excute a law：A fertilising cave is dug in the middle of two plant, depth is 7-9cm, uniform mixed fertilizer is averagely applied in cave, blinding
Covering.
8. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when 9-10 months are arid in the step (7)
Note irrigating, it is ensured that soil moisture content is in 75-79%；Rainy day notes draining, to prevent there is ponding.
9. bletilla striata cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that specific harvest time is in the step (8)：
Grow to the 4th year cauline leaf it is yellow withered when harvest.
10. according to any described bletilla striata cultural methods of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that the step (5) and step (6)
Middle topdressing method uses foliage-spray.
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| CN107711373A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-23 | 防城港市奥氏蓝科技有限公司 | A kind of bletilla striata division propagation method |
| CN108633667A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 金寨县金绿源特色中药材种植农场 | A kind of cultural method of wild bletilla striata |
| CN108718973A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-11-02 | 安徽俊祺生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
| CN108863481A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-23 | 贵州元亨利农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of bletilla striata fertilizer and its processing method |
| CN108887133A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-11-27 | 新宁县紫花白芨种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata |
| CN110622808A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-31 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Planting method for promoting growth of bletilla striata and accumulation of effective components |
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| CN105830682A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-10 | 镇远县道益堂生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for Bletilla striata |
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