CN107173527A - A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content Download PDFInfo
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- CN107173527A CN107173527A CN201710569063.2A CN201710569063A CN107173527A CN 107173527 A CN107173527 A CN 107173527A CN 201710569063 A CN201710569063 A CN 201710569063A CN 107173527 A CN107173527 A CN 107173527A
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- straw
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- crude protein
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content, comprise the following steps：A, the preparation of liquid spawn：B, solid fermentation process：Compared with prior art, straw is after flat mushroom and candida utili bacterium common fermentation, and its matrix is not only of high nutritive value, in good taste by the present invention, and with mushroom fragrance.Addition promotes the allogenic material of lignin enzyme activity in the medium, can further increase the gross protein value of straw feed, and the content of fermentation substrate crude protein, up to 20.03%, is (its crude protein before fermentation：6.75%) 2.97 times, lignin and cellulose have dropped 69.5% and 57.3% respectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation method of feed, the preparation method of straw feed this technical field is particularly belonged to.
Background technology
Straw is as a kind of agricultural by product, in addition to roughage of the small part as domestic animal, and most of is all by burning
Directly handle.This not only causes the waste of stalk resource but also meeting severe contamination environment, also therefore causes serious economy
Loss.The main component of rice straw is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.It is used as the wooden of stalk cell wall main component
Element is a kind of complicated, stably, various large biological molecule material, and it exists with a kind of physical barriers, surrounds cellulose, half
Cellulose, as peripheral stem matter, protection cellulose exempts from the attack of enzyme, due to lignin it is difficult to by general microbial degradation and profit
With which also limits the utilization of cellulose in straw and hemicellulose.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content.
The present invention solve technical problem technical scheme be：A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content,
Comprise the following steps：
A, the preparation of liquid spawn：
Flat mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is seeded in into flat mushroom fluid nutrient medium to be cultivated；
Described flat mushroom liquid spawn culture medium：Glucose 3%, peptone 0.2%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%,
CaCl20.01%th, KH2PO40.05%；
Candida utili (Candida utilis) is seeded in malt extract medium (100P) cultivated；
The preparation of strain：200mL fluid nutrient mediums are added in conical flask (500mL), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min will be oblique
Face strain is inoculated into the fluid nutrient medium cooled down, 25-28 DEG C of flat mushroom, 130r/min shaken cultivation 5d, candida utili
25-28 DEG C, 130r/min shaken cultivations 18h.
B, solid fermentation process：
By treat fermentation substrate of the water content for 60-65%, pack, in 121 DEG C, sterilizes 2 hours；26-28 DEG C is cooled to,
Treat to be inoculated with 8-10% (V/W) flat mushroom liquid spawn and 8-10% (V/W) candida utili liquid bacteria respectively in fermentation substrate
Kind, 26-28 DEG C is incubated 30-35 days, 105 DEG C of dryings to constant weight, you can.
The weight ratio of the described mixture for treating fermentation substrate for straw grain and wheat bran, straw and wheat bran is 4-5：1；
Described straw grain is prepared by the following method：Straw is dried, 1-1.5cm is crushed to, you can.
In order to increase the content of protein in straw feed, 3% (NH can also be added in fermentation substrate is treated4)2SO4、
0.01mmol/L MnSO4, 0.5mmol/L oxalic acid, 0.1% Tween 80.
The present invention uses whiterot fungi-flat mushroom and candida utili bacterium common fermentation straw, in whiterot fungi and Candida utilis ferment
During female bacterium mixed fungus fermentation straw, cellulose is exposed in whiterot fungi lignin degrading first, by the non-protein of low-quality
Nitrogen is converted into the higher mycoprotein of quality, and protein quality (mainly amino acid balance) also obtains improvement by a relatively large margin,
Improve the palatability and digestive utilization ratio of straw feed；Whiterot fungi also can degraded cellulose and hemicellulose, make degraded
Carbohydrate utilized in time by saccharomycete；
Compared with prior art, straw is after flat mushroom and candida utili bacterium common fermentation, and its matrix is not only sought by the present invention
Support value high, it is in good taste, and with mushroom fragrance.Addition promotes the allogenic material of lignin enzyme activity in the medium, can
Further increase the gross protein value of straw feed, the content of fermentation substrate crude protein, up to 20.03%, is that (its is thick before fermenting
Albumen：6.75%) 2.97 times, lignin and cellulose have dropped 69.5% and 57.3% respectively.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The crude protein content of the present invention is measured by Kjeldahl's method.
The degraded of lignin and cellulose is measured by Van Soest methods
Every kind of processing is all provided with 3 repetitions.Experimental data carries out one-way analysis of variance using SPSS19.0 softwares, as a result takes
Average value ± standard error.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content, comprises the following steps：
A, the preparation of liquid spawn：
Flat mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is seeded in into flat mushroom fluid nutrient medium to be cultivated,；
Described flat mushroom liquid spawn culture medium：Glucose 3%, peptone 0.2%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%,
CaCl20.01%th, KH2PO40.05%；
Candida utili (Candida utilis) is seeded in malt extract medium (100P) cultivated；
The preparation of strain：200mL fluid nutrient mediums are added in conical flask (500mL), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min will be oblique
Face strain is inoculated into the fluid nutrient medium cooled down, 25-28 DEG C of flat mushroom, 130r/min shaken cultivation 5d, candida utili
25-28 DEG C, 130r/min shaken cultivations 18h.
Described flat mushroom, the slant medium of the slant strains of candida utili are PDA culture medium, condition of culture
For：25-28 DEG C, for activated spawn；
B, solid fermentation process：
By treat fermentation substrate of the water content for 60-65%, pack, in 121 DEG C, sterilizes 2 hours；26-28 DEG C is cooled to,
Treat to be inoculated with 10% (V/W) flat mushroom liquid spawn and 10% (V/W) candida utili liquid spawn respectively in fermentation substrate,
26-28 DEG C is incubated 30 days, 105 DEG C of dryings to constant weight, you can.
The weight ratio of the described mixture for treating fermentation substrate for straw grain and wheat bran, straw and wheat bran is 4：1；
Described straw grain is prepared by the following method：Straw is dried, 1-1.5cm is crushed to, you can.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content, comprises the following steps：
A, the preparation of liquid spawn：
Flat mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is seeded in into flat mushroom fluid nutrient medium to be cultivated,；
Described flat mushroom liquid spawn culture medium：Glucose 3%, peptone 0.2%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%,
CaCl20.01%th, KH2PO40.05%；
Candida utili (Candida utilis) is seeded in malt extract medium (100P) cultivated；
The preparation of strain：200mL fluid nutrient mediums are added in conical flask (500mL), 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min will be oblique
Face strain is inoculated into the fluid nutrient medium cooled down, 25-28 DEG C of flat mushroom, 130r/min shaken cultivation 5d, candida utili
25-28 DEG C, 130r/min shaken cultivations 18h.
B, solid fermentation process：
By treat fermentation substrate of the water content for 60-65%, pack, in 121 DEG C, sterilizes 2 hours；26-28 DEG C is cooled to,
Treat to be inoculated with 8% (V/W) flat mushroom liquid spawn and 8% (V/W) candida utili liquid spawn, 26- respectively in fermentation substrate
28 DEG C are incubated 30 days, 105 DEG C of dryings to constant weight, you can.
The weight ratio of the described mixture for treating fermentation substrate for straw grain and wheat bran, straw and wheat bran is 5：1；
Described straw grain is prepared by the following method：Straw is dried, 1-1.5cm is crushed to, you can.
Embodiment 3：
Except (the NH that various concentrations are added in fermentation substrate is treated4)2SO4Outside, it is other same as Example 1.
Its result is as shown in table 1：
(the NH of the various concentrations of table 14)2SO4Influence to fermentation substrate crude protein content
Note：* represent that there is significant difference (p compared with the control<0.05), table 2 to 6 is same.
Embodiment 4：
Except the MnSO that various concentrations are added in fermentation substrate is treated4, it is outer other same as Example 1.
Its result is as shown in table 2：
The MnSO of the various concentrations of table 24Influence to fermentation substrate crude protein content
Embodiment 5：
It is outer other same as Example 1 except the oxalic acid that various concentrations are added in fermentation substrate is treated.
Its result is as shown in table 3：
Influence of the oxalic acid of the various concentrations of table 3 to fermentation substrate crude protein content
Embodiment 6：
It is outer other same as Example 1 except the Tween 80 that various concentrations are added in fermentation substrate is treated.
Its result is as shown in table 4：
Influence of the Tween 80 of the various concentrations of table 4 to fermentation substrate crude protein content
Embodiment 7：
It is other except only 10% (V/W) of the inoculation flat mushroom liquid spawn, or be not inoculated with outside liquid spawn in fermentation substrate is treated
It is same as Example 1.
Its result is as shown in table 5：
The crude protein content that table 5 does not ferment with matrix after the fermentation of flat mushroom single bacterium
Embodiment 8
Except the 3% (NH of addition in fermentation substrate is treated4)2SO4、0.01mmol/LMnSO4, 0.5mmol/L oxalic acid, 0.1% tell
It is other same as Example 1 outside temperature 80.
Its result is as shown in table 6：
Table 6
The lignin and cellulose of embodiment 8 have dropped 69.5% and 57.3% respectively.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content, comprises the following steps：
A, the preparation of liquid spawn：
Flat mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is seeded in into flat mushroom fluid nutrient medium to be cultivated；
Described flat mushroom liquid spawn culture medium：Glucose 3%, peptone 0.2%, MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%, CaCl2
0.01%th, KH2PO40.05%；
Candida utili (Candida utilis) is seeded in malt extract medium (100P) cultivated；
The preparation of strain：200mL fluid nutrient mediums, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 20min, by inclined-plane bacterium are added in conical flask (500mL)
Plant and be inoculated into the fluid nutrient medium cooled down, 25-28 DEG C of flat mushroom, 130r/min shaken cultivation 5d, candida utili 25-28
DEG C, 130r/min shaken cultivations 18h；
B, solid fermentation process：
By treat fermentation substrate of the water content for 60-65%, pack, in 121 DEG C, sterilizes 2 hours；26-28 DEG C is cooled to, pending
8-10% (V/W) flat mushroom liquid spawn and 8-10% (V/W) candida utili liquid spawn are inoculated with ferment matrix respectively,
26-28 DEG C is incubated 30-35 days, 105 DEG C of dryings to constant weight, you can.
2. a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The weight ratio of the described mixture for treating fermentation substrate for straw grain and wheat bran, straw and wheat bran is 4-5：1.
3. a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Straw grain be prepared by the following method：Straw is dried, 1-1.5cm is crushed to, you can.
4. a kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Treating
3% (NH is added in fermentation substrate4)2SO4、0.01mmol/L MnSO4, 0.5mmol/L oxalic acid, 0.1% Tween 80.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710569063.2A CN107173527A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content |
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| CN201710569063.2A CN107173527A (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2017-07-13 | A kind of preparation method of the straw feed of high crude protein content |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884362A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2010-11-17 | 山西农业大学 | Method for producing protein feed by multi-strain solid state fermented vinegar residue |
| CN103168921A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-26 | 南开大学 | Method for producing straw feed |
| CN105994999A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for preparing high-protein corn cob feed |
-
2017
- 2017-07-13 CN CN201710569063.2A patent/CN107173527A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884362A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2010-11-17 | 山西农业大学 | Method for producing protein feed by multi-strain solid state fermented vinegar residue |
| CN103168921A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2013-06-26 | 南开大学 | Method for producing straw feed |
| CN105994999A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for preparing high-protein corn cob feed |
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Application publication date: 20170919 |
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