CN107162692A - Leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and application - Google Patents
Leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107162692A CN107162692A CN201710444177.4A CN201710444177A CN107162692A CN 107162692 A CN107162692 A CN 107162692A CN 201710444177 A CN201710444177 A CN 201710444177A CN 107162692 A CN107162692 A CN 107162692A
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- nutrient solution
- seedling stage
- growing period
- fast growing
- leaf vegetables
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention belongs to soilless culture field, more particularly to a kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and application, including seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution, a great number of elements in nutrient solution is N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg, and trace element is Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo；A great number of elements and trace element are both from raw material such as four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, chelated ferrous iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and sodium molybdates.When preparing the nutrient solution, the mother liquor containing different elements is mixed in proportion, by being diluted with water after the nutrient solution, obtains meeting the working solution of EC values and pH value requirement, aerosol cultivation is carried out to leaf vegetables.The leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and application method of the present invention, can make leaf vegetables robust plant, blade is abundant, leaf color BG, have the advantages that chlorophyll content height, disease resistance are good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soilless culture field, more particularly to a kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation
And application method.
Background technology
General water planting is the plant of soilless culture pattern, and such as leaf vegetables plant, its root system is directly immersed in nutrient solution, with
The contact area of oxygen is few, and calcium, magnesium in nutrient solution etc. and trace element are stablized relatively, and leaf vegetables plant growth does not show scarce
Plain symptom, but Seedling Stage and fast growing period have differences to the uptake of nutrient in leaf vegetables plant growing cycle,
Same formula is common to whole growth cycle under general water planting, can not preferably be controlled in Seedling Stage, easily cause growing point
The symptoms such as necrosis, burn seedlings, and do not caught up with to later stage easy nutrient, influence yield.Aerosol is cultivated in agricultural production
Using increasingly extensive, aerial fog cultivation can recycle water, fertilizer completely, and root system exposure is in atmosphere, ensure that
The enough oxygen of Root Absorption utilizes for plant, with the unexistent advantage of other cultivation modes, leaf vegetables under aerial fog cultivation
Root system of plant activity is higher, and root system can obtain more nutrition members using enough oxygen by a series of physiological activities
Element, aerial fog cultivation can also reduce labour and use, and reduce disease generation etc..But existing aerosol cultivates no special nutritional
The aerosol cultivation of liquid, especially leaf vegetables plant, without special leaf vegetables plant nutrient formula of liquid, mostly using without soil cultivation
Universal nutrient solution formula is trained, and using only a kind of whole growth cycle being formulated applied to leaf vegetables, but leaf vegetables plant is young
Seedling stage and fast growing period have differences to the uptake of nutrient.Further, since nutrition liquid energy and oxygen on root system surface
Gas is fully contacted, and increases iron, the easily oxidized micro- oxidation probability such as copper, manganese, zinc, can not be by so as to form precipitation
Root system is fully absorbed, and is caused leaf vegetables plant aerial fog cultivation intermediate frequency to take place frequently and is grown the nutritional deficiency diseases such as slow, the thin, yellowing leaf of blade
Shape.Therefore, mill water culture nutrient solution of the prior art and only a kind of nutrient solution are common to the cultural method gesture of whole growth cycle
Nutrient needed for leaf vegetables must be caused is unable to stable market supply, though such leaf vegetables plant can grow, but in growth potential, production
Have an impact in terms of amount, quality, it is impossible to reach ideal effect.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and user
Method, unique physicochemical property feature that being cultivated according to aerosol has gives the formula of nutrient solution and cultivates user accordingly
Method, disclosure satisfy that demand of the leaf vegetables plant different growing stages to different elements, it is ensured that the nutritive element balance of leaf vegetables plant
Supply, growing cultivated leaf vegetables, neat, growth is fast, blade is abundant, crispy is fresh and tender, and chlorophyll content is high, yield
It is high.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, including seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution,
In the seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution, including a great number of elements and trace element, a large amount of members
Element is N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg, and the trace element is Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo；
The a great number of elements and trace element are all from the one or more in following raw material：Four water-calcium nitrate, nitre
Sour sodium, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, chelated ferrous iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid
And/or sodium molybdate；
The element and its first content that the seedling stage nutrient solution includes, which are matched, is：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=65.69: 10: 62.77: 35.82: 17.20: 23.10:
0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
First content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements；And
The element and its second content that the fast growing period nutrient solution includes, which are matched, is：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=55.66: 11.11: 69.82: 35.82: 17.20:
23.10: 0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
Second content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements.
Further, within the growth period of whole leaf vegetables plant, using the content of P element as 1, a great number of elements N, P and K's
Content ratio excursion is：
N: P: K=5-6.6: 1: 6-6.5,
Within the growth period of whole leaf vegetables plant, micro- Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo content ratio are kept
For preset value.
Further, the corresponding material purity of described a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg is more than 95%,
The corresponding material purity of described micro- Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo is that analysis is pure.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, wraps
Include following steps：
S1, raw material selection, select the raw material for being more than 95% containing a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg and purity；
Selection is containing trace element Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo and purity is analytically pure raw material；
S2, match by first content and the second content proportioning prepares the mother liquor of the seedling stage nutrient solution and quick respectively
The mother liquor of growth period nutrient solution, including sub-step：
S21, by the raw material by first content with the class of score three configure store, the former material material list containing Elements C a
Solely configuration saves as seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor, and the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as seedling stage nutrient solution B
Mother liquor, the raw material configuration containing element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo saves as seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor；
S22, by the raw material by second content with the class of score three configure store, the former material material list containing Elements C a
Solely configuration saves as fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, and the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as fast fast-growing
Long-term nutrition liquid B mother liquors, the raw material configuration containing element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo saves as fast growing period nutrition
Liquid C mother liquors；
S3, nutrient solution is mixed to form, including：By the seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor in step S21, seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquors and
Seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor is mixed to form seedling stage nutrient solution；And by fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors in step S22, quick
Growth period nutrient solution B mother liquors and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed to form fast growing period nutrient solution.
Further, in step S1, the raw material include：Four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, chlorination
Sodium, chelated ferrous iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and sodium molybdate.
Further, it is by 1: 1: 1 volume ratio that the seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquors, seedling stage nutrient solution B is female in step S3
Liquid and seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor are mixed；By 1: 1: 1 volume ratio by the fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, fast fast-growing
Long-term nutrition liquid B mother liquors and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, and it utilizes the nutrient solution
The aerosol cultivation of leaf vegetables plant is carried out, is comprised the following steps：
SS0, preparation work liquid, the seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution are mixed with water respectively, respectively
To seedling stage working solution and fast growing period working solution, water is controlled to make the EC values of the seedling stage working solution be 0.8-1.2ms/cm,
Adding appropriate sour or alkali makes the pH value of the seedling stage working solution be 5.8-6.5；Control water makes the fast growing period work
The EC values of liquid are 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and adding appropriate sour or alkali makes the pH value of the fast growing period working solution be 5.8-6.5；
SS1, leaf vegetables seedling stage, including following sub-step：
SS11, sowing, from sponge block as seedling culturing substrate block, make sponge block be filled water, in the centre of sponge block
Sowed in planting hole deep 0.5cm, cover vermiculite seedling medium, environment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C round the clock, and substrate temperature is maintained at
20 DEG C, keep soil humidity 90-95%；
SS12, seedling management, are poured 7-15 days using the seedling stage working solution, and burn seedlings is prevented with clear water spray after pouring；
SS2, setting date, including following sub-step：
Before SS21, field planting, first the atomization water system of aerial fog cultivation facility is opened, is sprayed and is supplied to the leaf vegetables by shower nozzle
The seedling stage working solution is answered, spray intervals are：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 15 minutes, night spraying stop within 3 minutes 30 minutes；
When SS22, field planting, by the sponge block field planting with seedling to the field planting hole of aerial fog cultivation facility, make seedling on sponge block
Root system is reached in field planting hole, and the root system is exposed to the inside of aerial fog cultivation facility；
After SS23, field planting, continue to use seedling stage working solution fog curing 7-15 days, the EC values of seedling stage working solution are controlled in 0.8-
1.2ms/cm, pH value is controlled in 5.8-6.5；
SS3, fast growing period,
After field planting after 10 days, sprayed by the shower nozzle of aerial fog cultivation facility and supply the fast growing period to the leaf vegetables
Working solution, spraying supply at intervals of：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 20 minutes, night spraying stop 30 minutes, fast growing period within 3 minutes
The EC values of working solution are controlled in 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and pH value is in 5.8-6.5.
Further, during step SS0 preparation works liquid, added water EC ﹤ 0.1ms/cm, 5.5 ＜ pH ﹤ 7.0 is controlled.
Further, in step SS11, seedling culturing substrate block is used as from the long generous sponge block for 3cm*3cm*1.5cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, nutrient solution of the present invention contains mineral element necessary to 13 kinds of leaf vegetables plant growths, by using the nutrient solution
Can growing leaf vegetables, regularity is high, and growth is fast, and blade is abundant, crispy is fresh and tender, and chlorophyll content is high, yield is high；
2nd, trace element easily oxidized in nutrient solution of the present invention is combined using Chelating state with the characteristic that aerosol is cultivated
Adapt to, take into full account the antagonism and synergy between element, it is ensured that the nutritive element balance supply of leaf vegetables plant；
3rd, when aerosol cultivating nutrient solution of the invention and its application method are according to leaf vegetables plant growth feature and difference
Phase, leaf vegetables plant seedling stage nutrient solution and leaf vegetables quick growth of plant phase nutrient solution are formulated as respectively, and being capable of collective species
Plant the EC and pH value of environment dynamic regulation liquid manure supply；
4th, nutrient solution of the invention contains chlorine and sodium, and beneficial element promotes leaf vegetables plant growth.
Embodiment
It will be detailed below exemplary embodiment, feature and the aspect of the present invention.
A kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivates (aerosol training) nutrient solution, for leaf vegetables plant seedlings phase and fast-growth
The characteristics of phase has differences to the uptake of nutrient, whole growth cycle is common to other nutrient solutions using one kind formula
Difference, the nutrient solution is divided into be divided into for the seedling stage nutrient solution of leaf vegetables plant and quick according to the growth cycle of leaf vegetables plant
Growth period nutrient solution,
With reference to itself uptake characters of leaf vegetables plant, the nutrient solution contains mineral necessary to 13 kinds of leaf vegetables plant growths
Element, each element and its content proportioning have taken into full account the antagonism and synergy between element, add without any foreign aid
Plus thing, it is ensured that the nutrition equilibrium supply needed for leaf vegetables plant, specifically, in seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution
In, a great number of elements is N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg, and trace element is Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo；A great number of elements and trace element
It is all from the one or more in following raw material：Four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, Chelating state
Iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and/or sodium molybdate；Such as raw material four water-calcium nitrate
Ca elements, which can be provided, can also provide N element, and sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate can provide N element.
It is preferred that, the corresponding material purity of a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg is more than 95%, micro- Fe,
The corresponding material purity of Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo is that analysis is pure；
The element and the first content that seedling stage nutrient solution includes match (i.e. seedling stage nutrient solution constituent content is matched)：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=65.69: 10: 62.77: 35.82: 17.20: 23.10:
0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
First content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements；
The element and the second content proportioning that fast growing period nutrient solution includes (i.e. match somebody with somebody by fast growing period nutrient solution constituent content
Than) be：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=55.66: 11.11: 69.82: 35.82: 17.20:
23.10: 0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
Second content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements.
It is preferred that, within the growth period of whole leaf vegetables plant, using the content of P element as 1, a great number of elements N, P and K's contains
Measuring ratio excursion is：
N: P: K=5-6.6: 1: 6-6.5,
Within the growth period of whole leaf vegetables plant, micro- Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo content ratio are not
Become, that is, remain preset value (Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001).
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, including following step
Suddenly：
S1, raw material selection, select the raw material for being more than 95% containing a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg and purity；
Selection is containing trace element Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo and purity is analytically pure raw material；
S2, the mother liquor and fast growing period of preparing seedling stage nutrient solution respectively by the first content proportioning and the second content proportioning are sought
The mother liquor of nutrient solution, including sub-step：
S21, raw material are configured by the first content with the class of score three stored, storage is separately configured in the raw material containing Elements C a
Seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor is saved as, the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquor, contains
Element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo raw material configuration save as seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor；
S22, raw material are configured by the second content with the class of score three stored, storage is separately configured in the raw material containing Elements C a
Fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors are saved as, the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as fast growing period nutrition
Liquid B mother liquors, the raw material configuration containing element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo saves as fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors；
S3, nutrient solution is mixed to form, including：By the seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor in step S21, seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquors and
Seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor is mixed to form seedling stage nutrient solution；And by fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors in step S22, quick
Growth period nutrient solution B mother liquors and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed to form fast growing period nutrient solution.
It is preferred that, in step S1, raw material include：Four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, chela
Close state iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and sodium molybdate.It is preferred that, it would however also be possible to employ its
He includes above-mentioned a great number of elements and the raw material of trace element are prepared.
It is preferred that, in step S3, by 1: 1: 1 volume ratio by seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor, seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquors and seedling
Phase nutrient solution C mother liquor is mixed；By 1: 1: 1 volume ratio by fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, fast growing period nutrient solution
B mother liquors and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed.It is preferred that, the mother liquor tank material of storage is impermeable for polythene material
Light tank body, color selection black, prevents moss from growing pollution mother liquor, is mixed by 1: 1: 1 volume ratio, letter is operated during mixing
It is single, three kinds of different mother liquors will not be obscured, reliability is high.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, and it is carried out using nutrient solution
The aerosol cultivation of leaf vegetables plant, comprises the following steps：
SS0, preparation work liquid, seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution are mixed with water respectively, it is preferred that added
EC ﹤ 0.1ms/cm, the 5.5 ＜ pH ﹤ 7.0 of water, respectively obtain seedling stage working solution and fast growing period working solution, and control water makes seedling
The EC values of phase working solution are 0.8-1.2ms/cm, and adding appropriate sour or alkali makes the pH value of seedling stage working solution be 5.8-6.5；Control
Water makes the EC values of fast growing period working solution be 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and adding appropriate sour or alkali makes fast growing period working solution
PH value be 5.8-6.5；
SS1, leaf vegetables seedling stage, including following sub-step：
SS11, sowing, seedling culturing substrate block is used as from sponge block, it would however also be possible to employ the flexible absorbent material of other materials is made
For seedling culturing substrate block, it is preferred that from the long generous sponge block for 3cm*3cm*1.5cm as seedling culturing substrate block, make sponge block
Water is filled, is sowed in planting hole deep the centre 0.5cm of sponge block, vermiculite seedling medium is covered, environment temperature is protected round the clock
Hold at 25 DEG C, substrate temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C, keep soil humidity 90-95%；
SS12, seedling management, are poured 7-15 days using seedling stage working solution, and burn seedlings is prevented with clear water spray after pouring；It is preferred that
, liquid manure supply can be carried out using tide irrigation seedbed and is poured, or is poured with top spray water and fertilizer irrigation system；Using this hair
Bright seedling stage working solution is conserved 10 days or so, the leaf dark green of plant can be made plump, well developed root system.
SS2, setting date, including following sub-step：
Before SS21, field planting, first the atomization water system of aerial fog cultivation facility is opened, shower nozzle spraying situation is checked, finds stifled
Leakage situation, is repaired in time, it is ensured that nutrient solution needed for seedling growth is supplied after field planting and field planting, is sprayed and is supplied to leaf vegetables by shower nozzle
Seedling stage working solution, spray intervals are：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 15 minutes, night spraying stop within 3 minutes 30 minutes；It is preferred that, can be with
Liquid manure supply is carried out using tide irrigation seedbed, or with top spray water and fertilizer irrigation system；
When SS22, field planting, by the sponge block field planting with seedling to the field planting hole of aerial fog cultivation facility, make seedling on sponge block
Root system is reached in field planting hole, and root system is exposed to the inside of aerial fog cultivation facility, is easy to root system sufficiently to absorb nutrient solution；
After SS23, field planting, continue to use seedling stage working solution fog curing 7-15 days, the EC values of seedling stage working solution are controlled in 0.8-
1.2ms/cm, pH value is controlled in 5.8-6.5；
SS3, fast growing period,
After field planting after 10 days, sprayed by the shower nozzle of aerial fog cultivation facility and supply fast growing period working solution to leaf vegetables,
Spraying supply at intervals of：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 20 minutes, night spraying stop within 3 minutes 30 minutes, fast growing period working solution
EC values are controlled in 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and pH value is in 5.8-6.5.
The root system of leaf vegetables plant is directly immersed in nutrient solution under general water planting, compared with aerosol is trained nutrient solution not by
Atomization, the contact area with oxygen is few, and calcium, magnesium etc. and trace element are stablized relatively in nutrient solution, and leaf vegetables plant growth is not
Show nutritional deficiency symptom.And be that aerosol training descends the root system of leaf vegetables plant to be completely exposed in atmosphere the characteristics of aerosol training facility, it is excellent
Point is that the lower leaf vegetables root system of plant activity of aerosol training is higher, and root system can utilize enough oxygen, pass through a series of physiological activities
To obtain more nutrients；Have the disadvantage that the nutrition liquid energy on root system surface is fully contacted with oxygen, increase iron, copper, manganese,
The micro- oxidation probability that zinc etc. is easily oxidized, so that forming precipitation can not be fully absorbed by root system, causes leaf vegetables to be planted
Thing aerial fog cultivation intermediate frequency, which takes place frequently, grows the nutritional deficiency symptoms such as slow, the thin, yellowing leaf of blade.Known ion channel on plasmalemma of plant
There are K ions, Cl ions, Ca ions and nitrate ion etc., experiment proves that an open ion channel is per second and transported
107-108 ions, introduce above-mentioned Cl ions etc. as ion channel in the nutrient solution of the present invention, effectively compensate for aerosol
Iron, copper, manganese, zinc etc. are easily oxidized the shortcoming that can not be fully absorbed by root system under formula cultivation mode.In addition, Cl ions are made photosynthetic
With activator is played in hydrolytic process, blade is small when lacking chlorine, and blade tip is withered, yellow is finally downright bad, and root growth is slow, sodium
(Na) it is also beneficial to plant growth, it makes cell expansion, so as to promote growth.Compared with existing nutrient solution, the present invention
Cl ions and Na ions are introduced into nutrient solution by the sodium chloride in raw material, the use effect of nutrient solution is further increased
Really.
The present invention fully combines aerosol and cultivates the physicochemical property feature that this unique pattern has, and leaf vegetables
Plant different growing stages are different for the demand characteristics of different elements, explored leaf vegetables plant under aerial fog cultivation pattern special
Nutrient solution.
The leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and application method of the present invention, comprehensive planting environment dynamic regulation liquid manure
The EC and pH value of supply, during the leaf vegetables plant variety aerial fog cultivation such as loose-leaf lettuce and Lettuce so that plant strain growth
Gesture is stronger, and robust plant, blade is abundant, leaf color BG, and chlorophyll content is high, disease resistance is good.
Finally it should be noted that：Above-described embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical scheme, rather than to it
Limitation；Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：
It can still modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or substitutions, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technical side
The scope of case.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution, including seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution, its feature
It is：
In the seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution, including a great number of elements and trace element, a great number of elements is
N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg, the trace element are Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo；
The a great number of elements and trace element are all from the one or more in following raw material：Four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate,
Potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, chelated ferrous iron, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and/or
Sodium molybdate；
The element and its first content that the seedling stage nutrient solution includes, which are matched, is：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=65.69: 10: 62.77: 35.82: 17.20: 23.10: 0.28:
0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
First content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements；And
The element and its second content that the fast growing period nutrient solution includes, which are matched, is：
N: P: K: Ca: Mg: S: Cl: B: Fe: Mn: Zn: Cu: Mo=55.66: 11.11: 69.82: 35.82: 17.20: 23.10:
0.28: 0.16: 1: 0.25: 0.02: 0.007: 0.001,
Second content proportioning parameter 1 based on the content of Fe elements.
2. leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Within seedling stage and fast growing period, using the content of P element as 1, a great number of elements N, P and K content ratio excursion are：
N: P: K=5-6.6: 1: 6-6.5,
Micro- Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo content ratio remain preset value.
3. leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The corresponding material purity of described a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg is more than 95%, the trace element
The corresponding material purity of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo is that analysis is pure.
4. a kind of preparation method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to any one of claim 1-3,
It is characterised in that it includes following steps：
S1, raw material selection, select the raw material for being more than 95% containing a great number of elements N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg and purity；Selection
It is analytically pure raw material containing micro- Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo and purity；
S2, matched by first content and the second content proportioning prepares the mother liquor and fast-growth of the seedling stage nutrient solution respectively
The mother liquor of phase nutrient solution, including sub-step：
S21, the raw material are configured by first content with the class of score three stored, the raw material containing Elements C a individually match somebody with somebody
Put and save as seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor, the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquor,
Raw material configuration containing element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo saves as seedling stage nutrient solution C mother liquor；
S22, the raw material are configured by second content with the class of score three stored, the raw material containing Elements C a individually match somebody with somebody
Put and save as fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, the raw material configuration containing element N, P, K, S and Mg saves as fast growing period
Nutrient solution B mother liquors, it is female that the raw material configuration containing element of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cl, B and Mo saves as fast growing period nutrient solution C
Liquid；And
S3, nutrient solution is mixed to form, including：By seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquor, seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquors and the seedling stage in step S21
Nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed to form seedling stage nutrient solution；And by fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, the fast-growth in step S22
Phase nutrient solution B mother liquors and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed to form fast growing period nutrient solution.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
In step S1, the raw material include：Four water-calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, chelated ferrous iron,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, Chelating state zinc, Chelating state manganese, Chelating state copper, boric acid and sodium molybdate.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
In step S3, by 1: 1: 1 volume ratio by the seedling stage nutrient solution A mother liquors, seedling stage nutrient solution B mother liquors and seedling stage nutrient solution
C mother liquors are mixed；It is by 1: 1: 1 volume ratio that the fast growing period nutrient solution A mother liquors, fast growing period nutrient solution B is female
Liquid and fast growing period nutrient solution C mother liquors are mixed.
7. a kind of application method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to claim any one of 1-3, its
It is characterised by, the aerosol for carrying out leaf vegetables plant using the nutrient solution is cultivated, and is comprised the following steps：
SS0, preparation work liquid, the seedling stage nutrient solution and fast growing period nutrient solution are mixed with water respectively, seedling is respectively obtained
Phase working solution and fast growing period working solution, control water to make the EC values of the seedling stage working solution be 0.8-1.2ms/cm, add
Appropriate acid or alkali make the pH value of the seedling stage working solution be 5.8-6.5；Control water makes the fast growing period working solution
EC values are 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and adding appropriate sour or alkali makes the pH value of the fast growing period working solution be 5.8-6.5；
SS1, leaf vegetables seedling stage, including following sub-step：
SS11, sowing, from sponge block as seedling culturing substrate block, make sponge block be filled water, deep in the centre 0.5cm of sponge block
Planting hole in sow, cover vermiculite seedling medium, environment temperature is maintained at 25 DEG C round the clock, substrate temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C, guarantor
Hold soil humidity 90-95%；
SS12, seedling management, are poured 7-15 days using the seedling stage working solution, and burn seedlings is prevented with clear water spray after pouring；
SS2, setting date, including following sub-step：
Before SS21, field planting, first the atomization water system of aerial fog cultivation facility is opened, is sprayed by shower nozzle and supplies institute to the leaf vegetables
Seedling stage working solution is stated, spray intervals are：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 15 minutes, night spraying stop within 3 minutes 30 minutes；
When SS22, field planting, by the sponge block field planting with seedling to the field planting hole of aerial fog cultivation facility, make the root system of seedling on sponge block
Reach in field planting hole, the root system is exposed to the inside of aerial fog cultivation facility；
After SS23, field planting, continue to use seedling stage working solution fog curing 7-15 days, the EC values of seedling stage working solution are controlled in 0.8-
1.2ms/cm, pH value is controlled in 5.8-6.5；
SS3, fast growing period,
After field planting after 10 days, sprayed by the shower nozzle of aerial fog cultivation facility and supply the fast growing period work to the leaf vegetables
Liquid, spraying supply at intervals of：In the daytime spraying stop within 3 minutes 20 minutes, night spraying stop within 3 minutes 30 minutes, fast growing period work
The EC values of liquid are controlled in 1.8-2.3ms/cm, and pH value is in 5.8-6.5.
8. the application method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
During step SS0 preparation work liquid, added water EC ﹤ 0.1ms/cm, 5.5 ＜ pH ﹤ 7.0 is controlled.
9. the application method of leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution according to claim 7, it is characterised in that
In step SS11, seedling culturing substrate block is used as from the long generous sponge block for 3cm*3cm*1.5cm.
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| CN201710444177.4A CN107162692A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and application |
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| CN201710444177.4A CN107162692A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Leaf vegetables plant aerosol cultivating nutrient solution and its preparation and application |
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| CN112544423A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-03-26 | 郑州海力特农林科技有限公司 | Cloud and mist cultivation method of loose-leaf lettuce |
| CN112970569A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-06-18 | 长春工程学院 | Household type aerosol culture method for reducing nitrate of cherry radish |
| TWI795243B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2023-03-01 | 吾幫土智慧生活有限公司 | Automated aerosol cultivation system |
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