CN107156025A - 一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及畜牧养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法。具体管理步骤为:饲养水处理、牛场规模化消毒、发病牛群处理、驱虫处理、情绪管理、预防高温应激、预防寒潮应激,本发明能有效降低肉牛生长期间病害发生率,促进肉牛快速育肥,并有助于提高牛肉瘦肉率和品质,提高养殖户的养殖收益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及畜牧养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法。
背景技术
改革开放以来畜牧业发展较快。其中养猪和养鸡业发展较快,而牛、羊发展相对较慢。猪和鸡属食粮型畜禽,我国人多地少粮食人均产量较低不可能无限制的发展养猪、养鸡业。近几年猪、鸡价格出现大幅度波动,说明鸡、猪的发展已经接近饱和状态。而牛和羊是食草型家畜,能够利用人类所不能利用的草和作物秸秆。另外,发展肉牛业符合人们的消费时尚,牛肉与猪肉、鸡肉相比,具有高蛋白、低脂肪的优点,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,肉食结构将发生较大的变化,牛肉的消费量会逐渐增加,肉牛业应有较大的发展潜力,目前肉牛养殖还未形成规范化的养殖流程,导致肉牛养殖存在病害发生率高,育肥增重较慢,屠宰率和瘦肉率均不高的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法。
本发明存在的技术方案为,一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,具体管理步骤为:
(1)饲养水处理:设置专门饮水槽,每天向槽内放水前,将水槽消毒一次,同时向水槽中通入处理后的水源,水源具体处理时,将水与生地粉按1000:1-1.5的重量比混合,体置于压力为0.5~0.8个大气压、温度为65-68℃下处理60-70分钟,处理结束作为饲养水使用,当天用水当天处理;
(2)牛场规模化消毒:将理肺散、芒种花、小茴香、熟高粱、水按1:2:1:3:800-1000的重量比混合,调节pH至2.5-2.8,在22-25℃下发酵50-60天,将发酵液雾喷于牛棚内进行消毒;
(3)发病牛群处理:牛群出现发病症状时立即进行隔离,并对症治疗,治疗期间,每天用毛茛提取液擦拭一次牛体;
(4)驱虫处理:在牛基础饲料中按1-2‰的重量比例添加驱虫药物,所述驱虫药物由柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液按1:2:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到;
(5)情绪管理:每天夜间8-10点间,在牛棚播放舒缓轻音乐;
(6)预防高温应激:温度超过30℃时,在牛基础饲料中按3-5‰的重量比例防暑药物,所述防暑药物由甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液按3:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到,并保证饮水槽内水源充足;
(7)预防寒潮应激:温度低于8℃时,在牛基础饲料中按2-4%的重量比例抗寒药物,所述抗寒药物由红薯皮粉、瓜蒌皮粉按5:2的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到。
其中,所述毛茛提取液在制作时,将毛茛与90%乙醇按1:7的重量比混合,在45-50℃下搅拌浸提7-8小时得到;
其中,所述柚皮浸提液在制作时,将柚皮与水按1:5的重量比混合,在80-85℃下搅拌浸提60-80分钟得到;
其中,所述橙皮浸提液在制作时,将橙皮与水按1:7的重量比混合,在70-72℃下搅拌浸提3-4小时得到;
其中,所述丝瓜皮浸提液在制作时,将丝瓜皮与水按1:3的重量比混合,在60-65℃下搅拌浸提1.5-1.8小时得到;
其中,所述甘蔗根浸提液在制作时,将甘蔗根与水按1:6的重量比混合,在95-98℃下搅拌浸提10-15分钟得到;
其中,所述鸡冠花浸提液在制作时,将鸡冠花与水按1:4的重量比混合,在70-75℃下搅拌浸提3-3.3小时得到。
本发明的有益效果在于,本发明通过具体饲养水处理、牛场规模化消毒、发病牛群处理、驱虫处理、情绪管理、预防高温应激、预防寒潮应激管理肉牛,能有效降低肉牛生长期间病害发生率,促进肉牛快速育肥,并有助于提高牛肉瘦肉率和品质,提高养殖户的养殖收益,在相同食饲条件下,同一品种牛采用本发明管理方法进行管理相对于采用常规方法进行管理,屠宰率提高了1.03倍以上,病害发生率降低了至少5倍,养殖期间牛群性情温顺、体壮抗病、屠宰后肌纤维细嫩,肉质较好,脂肪分布均匀;
其中,将水与生地粉按1000:1-1.5的重量比混合,体置于压力为0.5~0.8个大气压、温度为65-68℃下处理60-70分钟,能有效灭杀水源中大肠杆菌等致病菌,降低水体固形物、氯含量和酸性毒素,进而降低牛群因水源问题导致病害发生的几率,并有助于提高牛肉肉质;
其中,将理肺散、芒种花、小茴香、熟高粱、水按1:2:1:3:800-1000的重量比混合,调节pH至2.5-2.8,在22-25℃下发酵50-60天得到的发酵液用于牛棚内消毒,有效避免了化学喷雾消毒带来的应激,牛场消毒后,牛群能快速恢复正常饮食,且消毒药不会产生耐药性;
其中,及时对发病牛群进行隔离,并在对症治疗期间,每天用毛茛提取液擦拭一次牛体,促使牛体内毒素快速排出,加快治疗进程;
其中,在牛基础饲料中按1-2‰的重量比例添加由柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液按1:2:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到的驱虫药物,能有效预防牛体感染外寄生虫和内寄生虫;
其中,每天夜间8-10点间,在牛棚播放舒缓轻音乐,除有助于促进牛消化吸收外,还使牛变得温顺,降低牛群发生打斗的几率;
其中,由甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液按3:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到防暑药物能有效促进牛体发汗,提高牛体散热能力,同时结合及时补充体内水分,将牛群高温中暑几率降低至5‰以下;
其中,物由红薯皮粉、瓜蒌皮粉按5:2的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到的抗寒药物具有益肾壮阳、温中暖下的功效,有效提高牛群抗寒能力。
具体实施方式
实施例1、一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,具体管理步骤为:
(1)饲养水处理:设置专门饮水槽,每天向槽内放水前,将水槽消毒一次,同时向水槽中通入处理后的水源,水源具体处理时,将水与生地粉按1000:1的重量比混合,体置于压力为0.5个大气压、温度为65℃下处理60分钟,处理结束作为饲养水使用,当天用水当天处理;
(2)牛场规模化消毒:将理肺散、芒种花、小茴香、熟高粱、水按1:2:1:3:800的重量比混合,调节pH至2.5,在22℃下发酵50天,将发酵液雾喷于牛棚内进行消毒;
(3)发病牛群处理:牛群出现发病症状时立即进行隔离,并对症治疗,治疗期间,每天用毛茛提取液擦拭一次牛体;
(4)驱虫处理:在牛基础饲料中按1-2‰的重量比例添加驱虫药物,所述驱虫药物由柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液按1:2:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到;
(5)情绪管理:每天夜间8-10点间,在牛棚播放舒缓轻音乐;
(6)预防高温应激:温度超过30℃时,在牛基础饲料中按3‰的重量比例防暑药物,所述防暑药物由甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液按3:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到,并保证饮水槽内水源充足;
(7)预防寒潮应激:温度低于8℃时,在牛基础饲料中按2%的重量比例抗寒药物,所述抗寒药物由红薯皮粉、瓜蒌皮粉按5:2的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到。
实施例2、一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,具体管理步骤为:
(1)饲养水处理:设置专门饮水槽,每天向槽内放水前,将水槽消毒一次,同时向水槽中通入处理后的水源,水源具体处理时,将水与生地粉按1000:1.5的重量比混合,体置于压力为0.8个大气压、温度为68℃下处理70分钟,处理结束作为饲养水使用,当天用水当天处理;
(2)牛场规模化消毒:将理肺散、芒种花、小茴香、熟高粱、水按1:2:1:3:1000的重量比混合,调节pH至2.8,在25℃下发酵60天,将发酵液雾喷于牛棚内进行消毒;
(3)发病牛群处理:牛群出现发病症状时立即进行隔离,并对症治疗,治疗期间,每天用毛茛提取液擦拭一次牛体;
(4)驱虫处理:在牛基础饲料中按1-2‰的重量比例添加驱虫药物,所述驱虫药物由柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液按1:2:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到;
(5)情绪管理:每天夜间8-10点间,在牛棚播放舒缓轻音乐;
(6)预防高温应激:温度超过30℃时,在牛基础饲料中按5‰的重量比例防暑药物,所述防暑药物由甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液按3:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到,并保证饮水槽内水源充足;
(7)预防寒潮应激:温度低于8℃时,在牛基础饲料中按4%的重量比例抗寒药物,所述抗寒药物由红薯皮粉、瓜蒌皮粉按5:2的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到。
Claims (5)
1.一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,其特征在于,具体管理步骤为:
(1)饲养水处理:设置专门饮水槽,每天向槽内放水前,将水槽消毒一次,同时向水槽中通入处理后的水源,水源具体处理时,将水与生地粉按1000:1-1.5的重量比混合,体置于压力为0.5~0.8个大气压、温度为65-68℃下处理60-70分钟,处理结束作为饲养水使用;
(2)牛场规模化消毒:将理肺散、芒种花、小茴香、熟高粱、水按1:2:1:3:800-1000的重量比混合,调节pH至2.5-2.8,在22-25℃下发酵50-60天,将发酵液雾喷于牛棚内进行消毒;
(3)发病牛群处理:牛群出现发病症状时立即进行隔离,并对症治疗,治疗期间,每天用毛茛提取液擦拭一次牛体;
(4)驱虫处理:在牛基础饲料中按1-2‰的重量比例添加驱虫药物,所述驱虫药物由柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液按1:2:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到;
(5)情绪管理:每天夜间8-10点间,在牛棚播放舒缓轻音乐;
(6)预防高温应激:温度超过30℃时,在牛基础饲料中按3-5‰的重量比例防暑药物,所述防暑药物由甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液按3:1的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到;
(7)预防寒潮应激:温度低于8℃时,在牛基础饲料中按2-4%的重量比例抗寒药物,所述抗寒药物由红薯皮粉、瓜蒌皮粉按5:2的体积比混合后,真空喷雾干燥得到。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,其特征在于,
饲养水处理中,当天用水当天处理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,其特征在于,
毛茛提取液为醇提液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,其特征在于,
柚皮浸提液、橙皮浸提液、丝瓜皮浸提液均为水提液。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种绿色无公害肉牛养殖管理方法,其特征在于,
甘蔗根浸提液、鸡冠花浸提液均为水提液。
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