CN107150637A - 用于车辆的顶篷 - Google Patents

用于车辆的顶篷 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107150637A
CN107150637A CN201610991696.8A CN201610991696A CN107150637A CN 107150637 A CN107150637 A CN 107150637A CN 201610991696 A CN201610991696 A CN 201610991696A CN 107150637 A CN107150637 A CN 107150637A
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foam
hot melt
top according
melt film
sheet material
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CN107150637B (zh
Inventor
朴熙相
郑大瀷
龙奭骏
朴光珉
李鲁
李一鲁
权忠镐
朴章锡
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

本公开提供了一种用于车辆的顶蓬。顶篷包括：泡沫；热溶性膜，定位在泡沫的表面上；加强片材，定位在热溶性膜上；以及加强片材上的涂覆有热障材料的热屏蔽层。具体地，热屏蔽层包括碳纳米管。

Description

用于车辆的顶篷
相关申请的交叉引证
本申请要求于2016年3月4号提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2016-0026660的优先权以及其权益，其全部内容通过引证结合于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于车辆的顶篷(headliner)。
背景技术
该部分中的陈述仅是提供与本公开内容有关的背景信息，并且可能不构成现有技术。
用于车辆的顶篷安装在车辆的室内天花板处以预防噪声从外部流入车辆的室内，并且顶篷由各种层的层叠结构制成，以改进切断车辆的外部或内部的热传递的热绝缘。
通常，车辆被玻璃围住使得形成热空气容易流入室内并且冷空气容易流入室内的结构。具体地，当外部中的大部分都是由金属钢板制成的车辆在夏季停放于在密封状态中时，内部温度可很快升高。为了减少温度升高，通过将膜粘合或涂覆至玻璃来应用抑制或减少外部热空气流入的方法。
发明内容
本公开提供一种用于车辆的顶篷，其具有改善的热障性能同时减少重量和体积的增长。
根据本公开的一种形式，用于车辆的顶篷包括：泡沫；热溶性膜(hot melt film)，定位在泡沫的至少一个表面上；加强片材，定位在热溶性膜上；以及位于加强片材上的涂覆有热障材料的热屏蔽层，其中，热屏蔽层包括碳纳米管(carbon nanotube)。
还可以包括定位在泡沫与热溶性膜之间的玻璃片材以及定位在泡沫与玻璃片材之间的粘合剂。
热屏蔽层的厚度可以为大约5-10μm。
碳纳米管可具有大约10-30nm的直径和大约20-40μm的长度。
相对于热障材料的总重量，热障材料可以包括大约10-20wt％的碳纳米管、大约5-10wt％的聚丙烯酸树脂、大约65-85wt％的乙醇、以及大约0.1-5wt％的添加剂。
泡沫可以包括聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、橡胶层板(rubberplywood，橡胶胶合板)、开放板隔音片材(open plate sound insulation sheet)、热塑性弹性体(TPE)、乙烯丙烯橡胶(EPDM)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、CaCO3、硬脂酸、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、弹性体、无纺织物、玻璃棉、软木、发泡树脂、毡、微纤维和聚氨酯中的至少一种。
热溶性膜可以包括聚烯烃、热塑性弹性体(TPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)和聚酰胺中的至少一种。
热熔性膜的厚度可以为大约30-50μm。
粘合剂可以包括氨基甲酸乙酯粘合剂。
还可以包括定位在热屏蔽层上的表层。
表层可以包括无纺织物、PVC片材、纺织品和聚氨酯泡沫中的至少一种。
如上所述，根据本公开的示例性形式的用于车辆的顶篷包括包含碳纳米管的涂层，因此热障性能得到改善同时减少重量和体积的增长。
进一步的应用领域将可从本文提供的说明中明显得出。应当理解描述和具体实例旨在仅仅用于举例说明，而并非旨在限制本公开内容的范围。
附图说明
为了可以充分理解本公开内容，现在将参考附图以实例的方式描述本公开内容的各种形式，其中：
图1是车辆的立体图，示出了顶篷所在的位置；
图2是顶篷的截面图；
图3是示出了根据顶篷的时间推移的温度升高程度的实验结果的曲线图；
图4是示出了根据顶篷应用于车辆的时间推移测量内部温度的结果的曲线图；
图5是示出了顶篷的光的每个波长的透射率的实验结果的曲线图；
图6A和图6B分别是根据比较例a和示例性实施方式b的顶篷的截面的SEM照片；
图7A-图7B分别是拍摄根据比较例a和示例性形式b的顶篷的平面的照片；
图8A-图8B是拍摄根据比较例a和示例性形式b的顶篷的SEM照片；以及
图9A-图9C是拍摄根据比较例a和b和示例性形式c制造的顶篷的照片。
本文所描述的附图仅用于说明目的并且不旨在以任何方式限制本公开内容的范围。
具体实施方式
以下描述实际上仅是示例性的并不旨在限制本公开内容、应用或者用途。应当理解的是，贯穿附图，对应的参考标号指代相似或对应的部件或特征。
正如本领域技术人员将认识到，在完全不背离本公开的实质或范围的情况下，可通过各种不同的方式修改所描述的形式。
为了清楚地说明本公开，省去与本公开没有直接关系的部分，并且贯穿整个说明书相同的参考标号被赋予相同的或相似的组成元件。
此外，为了更好地理解和便于描述，附图中所示的每个构造的尺寸及厚度均被任意示出，但本公开内容并不局限于此。在附图中，为清晰起见，放大了层、膜、面板、区域等的厚度。在附图中，为了更好地理解和容易说明，放大了一些层和区域的厚度。
另外，除非明确描述与此相反，否则词语“包括”和诸如“包含”或“含有”的变形将被理解为暗示包含所规定的元件而不是排出任何其他元件。
现在，将参照图1和图2详细描述根据本公开的一种形式的用于车辆的顶篷。
图1是车辆的立体图，示出了根据本公开的顶篷的位置，以及图2是顶篷的截面图。
首先参考图1，外在因素(诸如，可以流入车辆室内的噪声或热)对驾驶员和乘客的乘坐舒适感有着显著的影响。环板R定位成最靠近于头部并具有如图1中所示的车辆的顶板的功能，并且顶篷HL可以由片材制造，该片材成形为包含在环板R中。环板R和顶篷HL起到屏蔽外部因素的作用。在那方面，可能会引起性能差异，这取决于环板R的内部包含的顶篷HL的结构和材料。
参考图2，顶篷HL包括：粘合层50，定位在泡沫1上；玻璃片材3，定位在粘合层50上；热熔性膜2，定位在玻璃片材3上；加强片材4，定位在热熔性膜2上；以及热屏蔽层5，涂覆在加强片材4上。顶篷的结构也可以层叠在泡沫1下面。
接下来，将详细描述顶篷的各个构造。
作为泡沫材料(尤其获得隔音效果)的泡沫1可以包括聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、橡胶层板、开放板隔音片材、热塑性弹性体(TPE)、乙烯丙烯橡胶(EPDM)、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、CaCO3、硬脂酸、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、弹性体、无纺织物、玻璃棉、软木、发泡树脂、毡、微纤维、以及聚氨酯中的至少一种，但其不限于此。
泡沫1可以是单层或两层或更多层结构的形式。
泡沫1的重量可以是1000g/m2至1100g/m2，并且泡沫的厚度可以是4mm至10mm。
将玻璃片材3与泡沫1互相粘合起来的粘合层50可以是氨基甲酸乙酯粘合剂，然而其不限于此。
通过粘合层50粘合在泡沫1上的玻璃片材3可以起到抑制或预防由于对顶篷的外部冲击而引起的撕裂的功能。
定位在玻璃片材3上的热熔性膜2熔融并被按压在玻璃片材3与加强片材4之间，从而起到粘合玻璃片材3和加强片材4的作用。
热熔性膜2可以包括具有快速干燥时间并能够粘合几种材料的材料，例如，可以包括聚烯烃、热塑性弹性体(TPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)、以及聚酰胺中的至少一种，然而其不限于此。
热熔性膜2的厚度可以是30-50μm。
定位在热熔性膜2上的加强片材4可以是无纺织物并可以包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
根据本公开的一种形式，通过涂覆热障材料形成的热屏蔽层5定位在加强片材4的至少一个表面上。
热障材料可以包括碳纳米管，并且碳纳米管可以是多壁碳纳米管。
在这种情况下，碳纳米管可具有10-30nm的直径和20-40μm的长度，并且碳纳米管可以通过酸处理经历表面重整过程。这是因为碳纳米管分散的程度得到改善，使得热阻提高。
通常，由具有低内表面积的无纺织物形成的加强片材4和包括碳纳米管的热屏蔽层5具有耦接力，使得热屏蔽层5很难均匀地形成在加强片材4的表面上。
然而，如上所述，在根据本公开内容的顶篷中，由于热熔性膜2熔融并被按压至加强片材4，涂层形成在热屏蔽层5的表面上，使得热屏蔽层5与加强片材4之间的耦接力可以增大。
另外，热障材料可以包括聚丙烯酸树脂、乙醇、添加剂以及碳纳米管。
分别可以包括热障材料的总重量的10-20wt％的碳纳米管、热障材料的总重量的5-10wt％的聚丙烯酸树脂、热障材料的总重量的65-85wt％的乙醇、以及热障材料的总重量的0.1-5wt％的添加剂。
热屏蔽层5可具有5-10μm的厚度。当厚度小于5μm时，热障可以是轻微的。如果厚度大于10μm，则体积或重量可以提高，然而与5-10μm的厚度相比较，热障效果的改善程度很小。
表层6可以另外定位在热屏蔽层5上。表层6可以选自无纺织物、PVC片材、纺织品、聚氨酯泡沫。可以由聚氨酯泡沫合并在纺织品上的这样一种形状形成两种或更多种材料，然而，如果需要的话可以省去表层6。
参考图3和图4，将描述用于车辆的顶篷的性能的实验结果。
图3是示出了根据时间推移和比较例的顶篷的温度升高的实验结果的曲线图，以及图4是示出了根据应用根据本公开的一种形式和比较例的顶篷的车辆的时间推移测量内部温度的结果的曲线图。
为了测量根据本公开的顶篷的热障性能，作为示例性形式，作为热障材料的碳纳米管在包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的加强片材上分别涂有3μm、6μm、9μm、和12μm的厚度，作为比较例，使用包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯且没有热障材料的加强片材，并且分别测量取决于时间的温度变化。
在图3和图4的曲线图中，横轴表示时间并且纵轴表示温度。
首先，如图3中所示，温度升高大约3℃或更少。基于如图3中示出的比较，6μm厚度的热障的热障效果比3μm厚度更优异。然而，在厚度超过6μm的情况下，热障效果的增加是微小的。
接下来，如图4中所示，当顶篷应用于车辆时，温度升高大约3℃或更少。
图5是示出了根据比较例和本公开的示例性形式的顶篷的光的每个波长的透射率的实验结果的曲线图。
为了测量光的每个波长的透射率，作为示例性形式，使用其中作为热障材料的碳纳米管在包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的加强片材的一个表面上涂有6μm的厚度的顶篷。而且，作为比较例，使用没有热障材料的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯加强片材，并且通过将Jasco V-670用作测量装置测量红外波长区域中的光的透射率。
在图5的曲线图中，横轴表示光的波长并且纵轴表示光的透射率。
如在图5中示出的，在比较例的情况下，在红外波长区域中出现大约30％的遮光率，然而，在本公开的一种形式的情况下，在红外波长区域中出现90％的遮光率。
接下来，将参考图6至图8描述测量根据本公开的示例性形式的顶篷的加强片材和热障材料的缺陷程度的实验结果。
图6A和图6B分别是根据比较例“a”和本公开的示例性形式“b”的顶篷的截面的SEM照片。图7A和图7B是拍摄根据比较例“a”和“b”的顶篷的平面的照片。此外，图8A和图8B是拍摄根据比较例“a”和本公开的示例性形式“b”的顶篷的SEM照片。
为了测量加强片材和热障材料的缺陷程度，作为本公开的示例性形式，顶篷涂覆有热溶性膜和碳纳米管。具体地，包含聚乙烯的热溶性膜涂覆在包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的加强片材的一个表面上，并且作为热障材料的碳纳米管涂覆在另一表面上，每一厚度为6μm。而作为比较例，顶篷仅在加强片材上涂覆有热障材料，没有进行热溶性膜涂覆。
如在图6A和图6B中所示，在根据比较例的顶篷的情况下，在加强片材与热屏蔽层之间产生图6A中的空间，使得耦接力减小。相比之下，在根据本公开的顶篷的情况下，由于热溶性膜的粘度，图6B中的加强片材与热屏蔽层之间可以彼此均匀地耦接。
另外，如在图7A-图7B和图8A-图8B中所示，与省去热溶性膜的比较例不同，包括热溶性膜的本公开内容可以提供均匀分散的热障材料。
因此，在涂覆有热障材料的加强片材的情况下，当增加热溶性膜时，热障材料与加强片材之间的耦接力可以得到改善并且可以进行均匀涂覆。
图9A-图9B分别是拍摄比较例“a”和“b”的顶篷的照片，以及图9C是本公开的示例性形式“c”的顶篷的照片。
比较例“a”制造没有涂覆热障材料的顶篷，并且比较例“b”制造铝(Al)膜沉积在加强片材上的顶篷。
示例性形式“c”制造涂覆有热溶性膜和碳纳米管的顶篷。更具体地，包含聚乙烯(PE)的热溶性膜涂覆在包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的加强片材的一个表面上，并且作为热障材料的碳纳米管涂覆在另一表面上，如所拍摄的每个涂层的涂覆厚度为6μm。
如在图9C中所示，根据本公开的一种形式的顶篷可以制造成这样的形状：该形状可应用于车辆并且与比较例相比模塑性和外观都没问题。
如上所述，根据本公开的车辆的顶篷包括包含碳纳米管的涂层，因此热障性能得到改善同时减少重量和体积的增长。
虽然本公开结合目前认为实用的示例性形式进行描述，可以理解的是，本公开不限于所公开的形式，而是相反地，本公开旨在覆盖本公开的精神和范围内所包含的各种变形和等同布置。
<符号说明>
1：泡沫 50：粘合层
3：玻璃片材 2：热溶性膜
4：加强片材 5：热屏蔽层
6：表层 HL：顶篷
R：环板。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于车辆的顶篷，包括：
泡沫；
热溶性膜，定位在所述泡沫的表面上；
加强片材，定位在所述热溶性膜上；以及
涂覆有热障材料的热屏蔽层，位于所述加强片材上，
其中，所述热屏蔽层包括碳纳米管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的顶篷，还包括：
玻璃片材，定位在所述泡沫与所述热溶性膜之间；以及
粘合剂，定位在所述泡沫与所述玻璃片材之间。
3.根据权利要求2所述的顶篷，其中，所述热屏蔽层的厚度为5μm-10μm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的顶篷，其中，所述碳纳米管具有10nm-30nm的直径和20μm-40μm的长度。
5.根据权利要求3所述的顶篷，其中，相对于所述热障材料的总重量，所述热障材料包括10wt％-20wt％的所述碳纳米管、5wt％-10wt％的聚丙烯酸树脂、65wt％-85wt％的乙醇和0.1wt％-5wt％的添加剂。
6.根据权利要求2所述的顶篷，其中，所述泡沫包括聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、橡胶层板、开放板隔音片材、热塑性弹性体、乙烯丙烯橡胶、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯、CaCo3、硬脂酸、线性低密度聚乙烯、无纺织物、玻璃棉、软木、发泡树脂、毡、微纤维和聚氨酯中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的顶篷，其中，所述热溶性膜包括聚烯烃、热塑性弹性体、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚乙烯和聚酰胺中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的顶篷，其中，所述热溶性膜的厚度为30μm-50μm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的顶篷，其中，所述粘合剂包括氨基甲酸乙酯粘合剂。
10.根据权利要求2所述的顶篷，进一步包括定位在所述热屏蔽层上的表层。
11.根据权利要求10所述的顶篷，其中，所述表层包括无纺织物、PVC片材、纺织品和聚氨酯泡沫中的至少一种。
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