CN107141180A - A kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107141180A
CN107141180A CN201710552229.XA CN201710552229A CN107141180A CN 107141180 A CN107141180 A CN 107141180A CN 201710552229 A CN201710552229 A CN 201710552229A CN 107141180 A CN107141180 A CN 107141180A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
parts
soil
ecologic active
organic
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曹磊
傅志勇
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FULILONG COMPOSITE FERTILIZER Co Ltd GUANGDONG
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FULILONG COMPOSITE FERTILIZER Co Ltd GUANGDONG
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Publication of CN107141180A publication Critical patent/CN107141180A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof, ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention is mainly prepared by the organic fertilizer of specific usage ratio, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent, it is not required to when it is used for having occurred and that the soil of soil acidification is administered using early stage, being applied when directly being planted effectively rehabilitating soil to be acidified, fully ensure that fertilizer efficiency simultaneously, ensure absorption of the crop to nutritional ingredient, fully improve yield.The preparation method technique of ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention is simple, suitable for large-scale production.

Description

A kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural fertilizer technical field, in particular to a kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Soil acidification refers to obsorbing complex of soil and receives certain amount exchangeable hydrogen ion or aluminium ion, makes in soil The process of alkaline (alkali) ion leaching loss.Soil acidification is the importance of soil weathering soil-forming process, causes pH value to reduce, shape Into acid soil, activity biological in soil is influenceed, changes the form of nutrient in soil, nutrient availability is reduced, promotes trip From manganese, aluminium ion dissolve in the soil liquid, to crop produce toxic action.Acid rain may also lead to soil acidification.South China Soil was originally more in acidity, then was washed away through acid rain, accelerated acidization.Contain the hydroxide of a large amount of aluminium, soil in soil After acidifying, the host mineral in soil containing aluminium and secondary mineral weathering can be accelerated and a large amount of aluminium ions are discharged, forming plant can inhale The form aluminium compound of receipts.The long-term and excessive absorption aluminium of plant, can be poisoned, or even dead.Acid rain can still accelerate soil mineral The loss of matter nutrient;Change soil texture, cause soil leanness, influence plant normal development;Acid rain can also induce plant Thing pest and disease damage, makes crop failure.Precipitation is big and concentrates, and eluviation is strong, and the alkalescence alkali such as calcium, magnesium, potassium is largely lost in, Easily cause soil acidification.In addition, long-term a large amount of chemical fertilizer of applying are also the major reason for causing soil acidification, it is exactly chronic administration urine Element will also result in soil acidification.
Soil acidification will cause many harm:
Soil acidification suppresses root system development:Soil acidification can aggravate soil hardening, stretch root system difficult, rooting ability is weak, Slow seedling is difficult, easily forms grown-ups and children tree, and old deadlock seedling, the bad absorption function reduction of root system development, growing way is weak, yield reduction.Soil Acidifying aggravates agricultural chemicals and wasted:Plant growing way weakens in acidified soil, resistance against diseases reduction, easily by disease infestation, it has to increase Formulation rate.
Soil acidification can cause:Most of middle and trace element absorption rate is very low.Soil acidification causes fertilizer loss tight Weight, utilization rate of fertilizer is less than 30%!Soil acidity does not make the loss of 70% nitrogen singly, while making 60%-80% easy life yet Phosphorus potassium composition into insoluble substance does not absorb, and adds that acidity causes root growth weak and nutrient own absorption utilization rate is low, Its result causes largely to use chemical fertilizer, and crop is slow-growing, and disease is more, yields poorly, poor quality, causes input to increase, benefit It is greatly lowered.
Soil acidification can cause:Crop is malnutritive, and nutritional deficiency disease is serious, such as apple bitter pit, red point, root nodule, Cong Ye, flower The disease such as nutritional deficiency disease and virus such as leaf, fruit russeting disease and pears iron head, spot, chicken feet print frequently occurs.Tree vigo(u)r resistance against disadvantage is weak, easily by disease Bacterium is corroded, and the generation of disease is not controlled with medicine good again yet!Immunity is poor, and resistance is weak, disease outburst.Due to soil acid Change, change soil microenvironment, rhizosphere harmful microorganism amount reproduction, and these Disease managements are tired in acid condition It is difficult.
Soil acidification can cause:Soil beneficial microbe population changes, and organisms growth diminishes, growth and breeding speed drop It is low, the benign cycle of nutrient is influenceed, the agriculture underproduction is caused.
In correlation technique, to having occurred and that the soil of soil acidification can be administered using a variety of methods, however it is individually right Have occurred and that soil acidification is administered increases extra improvement process in plantation with external demand, and its result can only often adjust soil PH, a large amount of losses for ASI systematic approach caused by soil acidification then have no idea complete recover.In addition, correlation technique In the so-called fertilizer with anti-soil acidification effect, carried out in the soil for have occurred and that soil acidification using this kind of fertilizer merely During crop-planting, its effect in normal soil also far away from planting the effect that uses.If carried out before the planting for soil The improvement of earth acidifying, adds extra process again, and its practical effect is also difficult to ensure that, can not embody its institute The anti-soil acidification effect of meaning.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecologic active fertilizer, and described ecologic active fertilizer is when in use not Need to for having occurred and that the soil of soil acidification is administered using early stage, when directly being planted using can effectively rehabilitating soil it is sour Change, while fully ensuring that fertilizer efficiency, it is ensured that absorption of the crop to nutritional ingredient, fully improve yield.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of described ecologic active fertilizer, the letter of this method technique It is single, suitable for large-scale production.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme:
A kind of ecologic active fertilizer, the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
40-80 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.1-5 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 1-5 parts of alkali, agricultural micro- life 0.1-5 parts of 5-15 parts of thing and activating plants agent.
Ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention it is main by the organic fertilizer of specific usage ratio, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, Alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are prepared, and are not required to use for the soil for having occurred and that soil acidification when it is used Early stage is administered, and being applied when directly being planted effectively rehabilitating soil to be acidified, while fully ensuring that fertilizer efficiency, it is ensured that crop is to battalion The absorption formed point, fully improves yield.
Preferably, the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
50-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 12-18 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 1-3 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 2-4 parts of alkali, agricultural microorganism 8-12 parts and 1-3 parts of activating plants agent.
It is further preferred that the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
60 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 2 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 3 parts of alkali, 10 parts of agricultural microorganism and plant 2 parts of activator.
Alternatively, the organic fertilizer includes the one or more in biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer, preferably includes Biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer.
Alternatively, the biological organic fertilizer includes the one or more in the carbonaceous material of plant and/or animal, Preferably include the one or more in feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural wastes, trade waste, house refuse and municipal sludge.
Alternatively, the mineral resources organic fertilizer includes mineral resources humic acid.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer is 1-10:1, preferably 2-8:1, further Preferably 5:1.
Alternatively, the inorganic fertilizer includes the one or more in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer, preferably includes sulphur One or more in sour ammonium, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitride, ammonium phosphate and plant ash.
Alternatively, the trace-element fertilizer includes one in boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, copper fertilizer, iron fertilizer and cobalt fertilizer Plant or a variety of, preferably include the one or more in the salt of boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, iron and cobalt.
Alternatively, the alkali includes the one or more in inorganic base, preferably includes metal oxide, metal hydroxides With the one or more in metal salt of weak acid, further preferably include the oxide of sodium, calcium and magnesium, sodium, calcium and magnesium hydroxide And the one or more in sodium, calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid, oxide, calcium and magnesium hydroxide further preferably including calcium and magnesium And the one or more in calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid.
Alternatively, the agricultural microorganism includes the one or more in bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, preferably wraps Include bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Alternatively, the bacillus includes one or both of jelly bacillus and bacillus subtilis.
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 1-5:1-2:1-3, preferably 2-4: 1.2-1.8:1.5-2.5, more preferably 3:1.5:2.
Alternatively, the activating plants agent includes the one or more in root-growing agent, growth promoter, growth regulator.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of ecologic active fertilizer, in proportion by organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace element fertilizer Material, alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
The preparation method technique of ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention is simple, suitable for large-scale production.
Alternatively, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer and alkali are sufficiently mixed uniformly in proportion, added Agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
Alternatively, the organic fertilizer is used further to prepare ecologic active fertilizer after being fermented.
Alternatively, the fermentation includes heap fermentation.
Preferably, the temperature of the fermentation is 50-70 DEG C, more preferably preferably 58-68 DEG C, 65 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the fermentation is more than 3 days, more preferably preferably 7-15 days, 10 days.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention it is main by the organic fertilizer of specific usage ratio, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, Alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are prepared, and are not required to use for the soil for having occurred and that soil acidification when it is used Early stage is administered, and being applied when directly being planted effectively rehabilitating soil to be acidified, while fully ensuring that fertilizer efficiency, it is ensured that crop is to battalion The absorption formed point, fully improves yield.The preparation method technique of ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention is simple, suitable for extensive raw Production.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiment, but ability Field technique personnel will be understood that following described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments, The present invention is merely to illustrate, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the model that the present invention is protected Enclose.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition advised according to normal condition or manufacturer is carried out.Agents useful for same or instrument Unreceipted production firm person, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
The specific embodiment of the invention provides a kind of ecologic active fertilizer, and the ecologic active fertilizer is main by following matter The composition of amount number is prepared:
40-80 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.1-5 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 1-5 parts of alkali, agricultural micro- life 0.1-5 parts of 5-15 parts of thing and activating plants agent.
Ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention it is main by the organic fertilizer of specific usage ratio, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, Alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are prepared, and are not required to use for the soil for having occurred and that soil acidification when it is used Early stage is administered, and being applied when directly being planted effectively rehabilitating soil to be acidified, while fully ensuring that fertilizer efficiency, it is ensured that crop is to battalion The absorption formed point, fully improves yield.
Preferably, the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
50-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 12-18 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 1-3 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 2-4 parts of alkali, agricultural microorganism 8-12 parts and 1-3 parts of activating plants agent.
It is further preferred that the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
60 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 2 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 3 parts of alkali, 10 parts of agricultural microorganism and plant 2 parts of activator.
Using specific consumption proportion, help further to improve its repairing effect to soil acidification, improve gained ecological The fertilizer efficiency of active fertilizer, improves yield.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic fertilizer includes biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer In one or more, preferably include biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biological organic fertilizer includes deriving from plant and/or animal Carbonaceous material in one or more, preferably include feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural wastes, trade waste, house refuse and city One or more in city's sludge.
Biological organic fertilizer is mainly derived from plant and (or) animal, imposes on soil to provide plant nutrient as its major function Carbonaceous material.Through biological substance, animals and plants discarded object, plant residue processing, poisonous and harmful substance therein is eliminated, Rich in a large amount of benefit materials, including:A variety of organic acids, peptides and the abundant nutrient including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.No It is only capable of providing full nutrition for crops, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and update the soil organism, promotes microbial reproduction, changes The physicochemical property and bioactivity of kind soil, are the Main Nutrients of pollution-free food production.
Biological organic fertilizer nutrient is complete, can improved soil, promote by the release of soil fixing nutrient, work can be improved Thing rhizosphere microorganism group, improves the resistant to diseases and insects of plant, can promote the utilization of chemical fertilizer, improves chemical fertilizer utilization ratio;Biological organic Fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, does not burn root, not rotten seedling becomes thoroughly decomposed through high temperature, kills most of pathogen and worm's ovum, reduce pest and disease damage, Nutrient content is high, through deodorization, and smell is light, almost odorless, uniformly, cheap using convenient, per ton at thousand yuan or so;It is biological The environment of the organic matter of organic fertilizer inherently function bacterium life, easily makes function bacterium survive after being manured into soil;In addition, biology has Machine fertilizer can play cushioning effect, be effectively improved the hardened situation of soil acidification.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mineral resources organic fertilizer includes mineral resources humic acid.
Mineral resources organic fertilizer common are mineral resources humic acid etc. from the raw mineral materials of coal, peat etc. is included.Mineral resources corruption is planted Sour composition is stablized relatively, containing more aliphatic acid, phenolic acid and benzene polycarboxylic acid, and color is deep, odorlessness, the molecule knot of key component Structure middle skeleton phenyl ring is relatively more, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase the soil organism, promotion root growth, promotion plant strain growth, improvement crop quality, Simultaneously cold-resistant drought resisting, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, chelating functional group quantity, quality controllability and stability and effect reliability with In terms of stability, hence it is evident that better than biological organic fertilizer.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer is 1- 10:1, preferably 2-8:1, more preferably 5:1.
Using particular organisms organic fertilizer and mineral resources Rate of Organic Fertilizer ratio, help to supplement the nutrients to acidified soil, promote to make Thing grows, simultaneous buffering soil pH, improves soil acidification situation, it is to avoid acidifying situation further develops.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic fertilizer is included in nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer One or more, preferably include in ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitride, ammonium phosphate and plant ash It is one or more.
Inorganic fertilizer is mineral fertilizer, is also chemical fertilizer, mineral fertilizer;inorganic fertilizer.The main fertilizer into inorganic salt form.The nutrients such as contained nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are all with the shape of inorganic compound Formula is present, most of to be produced by chemical industry.Inorganic fertilizer composition is more simple, and nutrient content is high, mostly soluble in water, hair Raw fertilizer efficiency is fast, therefore also known as " quick action fertilizer ", using and convenient transportation.Most chemical fertilizer are inorganic fertilizer.
The actually long-time of inorganic fertilizer is using being the metal sun that contains in the main cause that causes soil acidification, chemical fertilizer Ion is quickly lost in irrigation, rainfall etc., forms acid after anion residual, causes soil acidification hardened.In correlation technique, to change Kind soil acidification situation, should avoid using chemical fertilizer.But it is serious to occur nutrient loss in the soil of soil acidification, even if can Plant growth can not be promoted well by adjusting contained nutrient in pH, soil, using a small amount of inorganic fertilizer, can quickly supplement stream The nutritional ingredient of mistake, then by the adjustment to soil pH, row buffering is entered using organic fertilizer, effectively facilitate crop fast-growth.This Outside, due to having used mineral resources organic matter, it easily flocculates in hard water, and the soluble metal cation in inorganic fertilizer can The hardness of soil reclaimed water is improved, generation partial flocculation is contacted with mineral resources organic matter, the quick loss of nutritional ingredient is effectively reduced, The effect of buffering soil pH has been further functioned as simultaneously, it is to avoid soil acidification.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trace-element fertilizer includes boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, molybdenum One or more in fertilizer, copper fertilizer, iron fertilizer and cobalt fertilizer, preferably include one kind in the salt of boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, iron and cobalt or It is a variety of.
Trace element includes the nutrients such as boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese, copper.Although plant to trace element the need for measure very It is few, but their effects grown to plant and a great number of elements are of equal importance, when certain microelement deficiencies, are made Thing grows significantly affected, yield reduction, quality decline.On the other hand, trace element can excessively make crop be poisoned, It is light then influence yield and quality, even jeopardize human and livestock health when serious.With crop yield continuous improvement and chemical fertilizer it is a large amount of Using the administration to trace-element fertilizer is gradually urgent.In trace-element fertilizer, generally with iron, manganese, zinc, the sulfate of copper, Boric acid, molybdic acid and its monovalent salt are using more.
Trace-element fertilizer is also a class inorganic fertilizer, can quickly supplement nutrient, crop quality is improved, while it contains Metal cation can also improve the hardness of soil reclaimed water, contacted with mineral resources organic matter generation partial flocculation, effectively reduce battalion The quick loss formed point, while having further functioned as the effect of buffering soil pH, it is to avoid soil acidification.
Inorganic fertilizer and trace-element fertilizer of the present invention can need to be selected according to actual soil regime and crop.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkali includes the one or more in inorganic base, preferably wraps The one or more in metal oxide, metal hydroxides and metal salt of weak acid are included, further preferably including sodium, calcium and magnesium One or more in oxide, sodium, calcium and magnesium hydroxide and sodium, calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid, further preferably include calcium and One or more in oxide, calcium and the magnesium hydroxide and calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid of magnesium.
Using the alkali of special component, help quickly to adjust soil pH, improve soil acidification degree, its metal contained sun Ion can also improve the hardness of soil reclaimed water, and generation partial flocculation is contacted with mineral resources organic matter, metal cation is effectively reduced Quick loss, it is to avoid soil acidification, can effectively extend action time of the alkali to soil.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the agricultural microorganism includes bacillus, actinomyces and consolidated One or more in nitrogen bacterium, preferably include bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Bacillus (Bacillus) a, section for bacterium can form the bacillus or coccus of gemma (endospore).Including bud Spore Bacillus, Sporolactobacillus, fusobacterium, Desulfotomaculum and Sporosarcina etc..They have noxa to external world Sub- resistance is strong, and distribution is wide, is present in soil, water, air and animal intestinal tract etc..Bacillus (bacillus) Bacteriaceae One category bacterium.
Bacillus has following effect:
1. moisture retention is strong:The intensity extremely excellent poly- Vetsin of natural material is formed, is the diaphragm of soil, prevents fertile part And moisture loss.
2. organic matter decomposition power is strong:While propagation, the amylase of high activity can be disengaged, the macromolecular complex that hardly possible is decomposed Matter resolves into available small-molecule substance.
3. produce abundant metabolism product:Synthesize the materials such as a variety of organic acids, enzyme, physiologically active, and other a variety of appearances The nutrient being easily utilized.
4. antibacterial, harmful power of going out is strong:With the advantage of taking up space, suppress the life of the harmful microbes such as harmful bacteria, pathogen Long breeding.
5. deodorization:Organic substance, organic sulfur compound, organic nitrogen of generation foul gas etc. can be decomposed, field is substantially improved Environment.
Actinomyces are a classes mainly in mycelial growth and with the more powerful prokaryotes of the terrestrial of sporogenesis.Cause Radially grow and gain the name on solid medium.It is most of to have flourishing branch mycelia.Mycelia is very thin, and width is bordering on shaft-like Bacterium, about 0.5~1 micron.It can be divided into:Vegetative hyphae, also known as substrate mycelium, major function are to absorb nutriment, and what is had can Different pigments are produced, are the important evidences of strain idenfication;Aerial hyphae, storied on vegetative hyphae, also known as two grades mycelia.
Actinomyces can decompose many organic matters, including aromatic compound, paraffin, rubber, cellulose, wooden etc. are complicated The compound of the strong toxicity such as compound and some cyanogen.Therefore, actinomyces are not only in the circulation of nature material, more in sewage and organic Play the role of in the biological treatment of solid waste positive, moreover it is possible to promote Zinc fractions crumb structure and improve soil.Actinomyces are The extremely important microbial resources of one class.The production of actinomyces and the mankind and life relation are extremely close, wide variety of antibiosis Produced by element about 70% is various actinomyces.Some species of actinomyces can also produce various enzyme preparations (protease, amylase, With cellulase etc.), vitamin (B12) and organic acid etc..Frankia (Frankia) is in non-pulse family xylophyta root nodule There is the endosymbiosis bacterium of nitrogen fixing capacity.In addition, actinomyces can be additionally used in Steroid Transformation, hydro carbons fermentation, oil dewaxing and sewage disposal In terms of.A small number of actinomyces can also be constituted to the mankind to be endangered, and causes people and animals and plants disease.Therefore, actinomyces and human relation Closely, it is significant on medical industry.
Gu ammonia Pseudomonas is in a section for bacterium.Thalline is shaft-like, oval or spherical, no endogenous spore, Gram-negative. Strict aerobic, organic nutrition type, the nitrogen that can be fixed in air.Including azotobacter, nitrogen monospore Pseudomonas, Bai Yelin kirschner bacterium Category and Derxia.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer is made up of the member of azotobacter more.
Molecular state nitrogen in air can be converted into the ammonia that crops can utilize by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and then provide synthesis for it The fertilizer of nitrogen nutrition necessary to protein.It is spontaneous or and plant symbiosis, the molecular state nitrogen in air is converted into farming The process of the absorbable ammonia of thing, referred to as biological nitrogen fixation.Biological nitrogen fixation is the life carried out under extremely gentle normal temperature and pressure conditionses Thing chemically reacts, it is not necessary to high temperature, high pressure and catalyst in chemical fertilizer production, therefore, biological nitrogen fixation be it is generally the least expensive, most clean, Efficiency highest fertilising process.
Using the agricultural microorganism of special component, the utilization rate of fertilizer is favorably improved, fertilizer application needed for effectively reducing Amount, reduces cost, while can also improve soil and crop quality, reduces pollution.Beneficial microbe can be produced in agricultural microorganism Glucide, accounts for the 0.1% of the soil organism, with plant mucilage, and mineral idiosome and organic colloid are combined together, and can be improved Soil granular structure, strengthens the physical property of soil and reduces the loss of soil particle, under certain conditions, moreover it is possible to participate in rotten Matter is grown to be formed.So soil physical property can be improved using agricultural microorganism, be conducive to increasing soil fertility.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bacillus includes jelly bacillus and withered grass gemma One or both of bacillus.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 1-5:1-2:1-3, preferably 2-4:1.2-1.8:1.5-2.5, more preferably 3:1.5:2.
Contribute to further to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer using the mass ratio of specific bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Fertilizer efficiency is improved, promotes plant growth, improves soil and crop quality, pollution is reduced.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activating plants agent includes root-growing agent, growth promoter, life One or more in long conditioning agent.
Using specified plant activator, crop fast-growth is helped lend some impetus to, yield and yield is further improved.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of ecologic active fertilizer, in proportion by organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace element fertilizer Material, alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
The preparation method technique of ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention is simple, suitable for large-scale production.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, in proportion by organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer It is sufficiently mixed uniformly with alkali, adds agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent is sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtains a kind of ecologic active fertilizer Material.
Using Multistep feeding mode, the full and uniform mixing of each raw material is helped lend some impetus to, while avoiding agricultural microorganism and plant Thing activator deactivation.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic fertilizer is used further to prepare ecological work after being fermented Property fertilizer.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation includes heap fermentation.
Preferably, the temperature of the fermentation is 50-70 DEG C, more preferably preferably 58-68 DEG C, 65 DEG C.
Preferably, the time of the fermentation is more than 3 days, more preferably preferably 7-15 days, 10 days.
Using specifically fermentation temperature and time, the multiple-microorganism in air can be made full use of to act on, by Organic residues Carry out mineralization, humification and innoxious, make the nutrient of various complicated organics, be converted into soluble nutrient and humus, The germ brought in raw material, worm's ovum and weed seed are killed using high temperature produced when accumulating simultaneously, is reached harmless The purpose of change.
Each raw material sources employed in the specific embodiment of the invention are as follows:
Fermentation poultry dung, manufacturer is Hebei Bao Tianfei industry Co., Ltd;
Fermentation sheep manure, manufacturer is the fertile Organic Fertilizer Plants of Xilinhot City;
Fermented bean dregs, manufacturer is Shandong middle peasant's high-tech plant nutrient research center Co., Ltd;
Mineral resources humic acid, manufacturer is Shandong Jing Feng humic acids Science and Technology Ltd.;
Agricultural potassium sulfate, manufacturer is Shandong Hai Hua limited companies;
Agricultural ammonium phosphate, manufacturer is Zhengzhou Sheng Yu chemical products Co., Ltd;
Plant ash, manufacturer is Zibo Tong Xing bio tech ltd;
The Boratex of four water eight, manufacturer is Zhengzhou Sheng Yu chemical products Co., Ltd;
White vitriol, manufacturer is Guangzhou Run Zhan Chemical Co., Ltd.s;
Ammonium heptamolybdate, manufacturer is Zhengzhou Jin Bang Chemical Co., Ltd.s;
Cupric sulfate pentahydrate, manufacturer is Run Zi Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Zouping County;
Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, manufacturer is Run Zi Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Zouping County;
Calcium hydroxide, manufacturer is Changxing Qun Fenggai industry Co., Ltd;
Magnesium bicarbonate, manufacturer is Zhengzhou Kang Ruibo bio tech ltd
Jelly bacillus, manufacturer is Cangzhou Lai Sen Bioisystech Co., Ltd;
Bacillus subtilis, manufacturer is Shandong Lv Long Bioisystech Co., Ltd;
Actinomyces, manufacturer is Cangzhou Lai Sen Bioisystech Co., Ltd;
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, manufacturer is that Shang Haijia wins Trade Co., Ltd.;
Root-growing agent, manufacturer is Zhengzhou love Parker Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Growth promoter, manufacturer is Jinan Rui Xin Chemical Co., Ltd.s;
Growth regulator (compound sodium nitrophenolate), manufacturer is Anyang Quanfeng Agriculture Chemical Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer, including:
In terms of mass fraction, by 20 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 20 parts of mineral resources humic acid, 6 parts of ammonium phosphate, 4 parts of plant ash, seven water sulphur It is sour 0.05 part of zinc, 0.05 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 1 part of calcium hydroxide, 1.67 parts of jelly bacillus, 1.67 parts of actinomyces, solid 0.1 part of 1.66 parts of nitrogen bacterium and root-growing agent, are thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer, including:
In terms of mass fraction, by 72.7 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 7.3 parts of mineral resources humic acid, 13 parts of ammonium phosphate, 7 parts of potassium sulfate, four 1 part of eight Boratex of water, 2 parts of white vitriol, 2 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 5 parts of magnesium bicarbonate, 7.5 parts of bacillus subtilis, actinomyces 3 1 part of part, 4.5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 2 parts of root-growing agent, 2 parts of growth promoter and growth regulator, are thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtain one Plant ecologic active fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer, including:
In terms of mass fraction, by 33.3 parts of fermented bean dregs, 16.7 parts of mineral resources humic acid, 10 parts of ammonium phosphate, 2 parts of plant ash, 2 parts of 0.2 part of four water, eight Boratex, 0.3 part of white vitriol, 0.3 part of ammonium heptamolybdate, 0.2 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate and calcium hydroxide, Be thoroughly mixed it is uniform, add 3.4 parts of jelly bacillus, 2 parts of actinomyces, 2.6 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 part of root-growing agent and 0.5 part of growth regulator, is thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtains a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer, including:
In terms of mass fraction, by 62.2 parts of sheep manure of fermentation, 7.8 parts of mineral resources humic acid, 15 parts of ammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, four 0.5 part of eight Boratex of water, 1 part of white vitriol, 0.6 part of ammonium heptamolybdate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, 0.6 part of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate With 4 parts of magnesium bicarbonate, it is thoroughly mixed uniform, adds 5.8 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2.6 parts of actinomyces, nitrogen-fixing bacteria 3.6 Part, 1 part of root-growing agent, 1 part of growth promoter and 1 part of growth regulator, are thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of ecologic active fertilizer Material.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer, including:
In terms of mass fraction, by 50 parts of fermentation poultry dung, 10 parts of mineral resources humic acid, 10 parts of ammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, vegetation 2 parts of ash, 0.4 part of four water, eight Boratex, 0.5 part of white vitriol, 0.5 part of ammonium heptamolybdate, 0.3 part of cupric sulfate pentahydrate, seven water sulphur 2 parts of sour ferrous 0.3 part, 1 part of calcium hydroxide and magnesium bicarbonate, be thoroughly mixed it is uniform, add 2 parts of jelly bacillus, 2.6 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2.3 parts of actinomyces, 3.1 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1 part of root-growing agent, 0.5 part of growth promoter and growth regulating 0.5 part of agent, is thoroughly mixed uniformly, obtains a kind of ecologic active fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
Zhanjiang:
Soil pH between 3.6~5.0, soil acidification be seriously Zhanjiang sugarcane district sugarcane production main limiting factor it One.The ecologic active fertilizer prepared using 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention, dose is 200 kgs/acre, continuous administration 3 years, with applying With anti-acid soil organic fertilizer, (comparative example 1 is good fortune ancestral's organic fertilizer, and manufacturer is Shandong Fu Zu bio tech ltd;Contrast Example 2 be sheep manure organic fertilizer, manufacturer be Dongying Le Qun developments in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) afterwards sugarcane per mu yield etc. compare, have Body is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 applies sugarcane production situation after ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention
It can be seen from Table 1 that, apply prior art moderate resistance soil acidification fertilizer using ecologic active fertilizer ratio of the present invention Being capable of significantly more raising sugarcane per mu yield, maximum sugarcane Weight per plant and cane sugar content.
Embodiment 2
Zhengzhou, henan:
Soil is between 4.1~5.3, due to reasons such as chronic administration chemical fertilizer, rainfalls, and the hardened situation of acidifying occurs in soil. The ecologic active fertilizer prepared using 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention, dose is 200 kgs/acre, and continuous administration 3 years is anti-with applying (comparative example 1 is good fortune ancestral's organic fertilizer to acidified soil organic fertilizer, and manufacturer is Shandong Fu Zu bio tech ltd;Comparative example 2 is Sheep manure organic fertilizer, manufacturer be Dongying Le Qun developments in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) after soil physics P balance compare, It is specific as shown in table 2:
Table 2 applies soil physics P balance situation after ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention
It can be seen from Table 2 that, apply prior art moderate resistance soil acidification fertilizer using ecologic active fertilizer ratio of the present invention Being capable of significantly more improvement soil acidification problem, raising soil pH, the reduction soil weight, raising total porosity, capillary pore Degree and noncapillary poropsity, improve field capacity.
Those skilled in the art know that the soil weight, porosity, the height of field capacity are to weigh soil physics The important indicator of fertility.So-called soil physics fertility refers to energy of the soil for the physical condition needed for growth and development of plants is provided Power;Soil physics fertility has the ability for maintaining soil texture not destroy, be not etched and be lost in simultaneously, and to geobiont Facilitation is played with chemical process.From table 2 it can be seen that after it application of containing ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention, soil physics Fertility is learned to be significantly improved.
Embodiment 3
Hebei Handan:
Soil is between 4.8~5.5, the ecologic active fertilizer prepared using 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention, and dose is 200 Kg/acre, continuous administration 3 years, (comparative example 1 is good fortune ancestral's organic fertilizer, and manufacturer is Shandong good fortune with applying anti-acid soil organic fertilizer Ancestral bio tech ltd;Comparative example 2 is sheep manure organic fertilizer, and manufacturer is Dongying Le Qun developments in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) Soil chemistry P balance afterwards is compared, specific as shown in table 3:
Table 3 applies soil chemistry P balance situation after ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention
The acid-base value of soil, soil with organic matter, Trace Elements in Soil, a great number of elements are all to weigh soil chemistry fertility Leading indicator.So-called soil chemistry fertility refers to ability of the soil for the nutrient chemical needed for growth and development of plants is provided.Soil Earth Chemical fertility height has facilitation to soil physics and bioprocess, and Nutrient Cycling.
It can be seen from Table 3 that, apply prior art moderate resistance soil acidification fertilizer using ecologic active fertilizer ratio of the present invention Can significantly more raising nitrate nitrogen content, nitrate nitrogen can improve crop root microenvironment pH;In addition, rock picker Content is significantly reduced, and the Chemical fertility of soil is significantly improved.
Embodiment 4
Jinan, Shandong Province:
The ecologic active fertilizer prepared using 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention, dose is 200 kgs/acre, continuous administration 3 years, (comparative example 1 is good fortune ancestral's organic fertilizer, and manufacturer is Shandong Fu Zu bio tech ltd with applying anti-acid soil organic fertilizer; Comparative example 2 be sheep manure organic fertilizer, manufacturer be Dongying Le Qun developments in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) after 0~20cm of soil in it is micro- Biomass change is compared, specific as shown in table 4:
Table 4 applies soil physics P balance situation after ecologic active fertilizer of the present invention
The quantity of Soil Microorganism is to weigh the leading indicator of soil biological fertility.So-called soil biological fertility is The contribution of organism nutrition for needed for growth and development of plants such as microorganism, animal, the root system of plant that finger is lived in soil.Together When, bioprocess plays good promotion and maintenance effect to the Wuli-Shili-Renli system approach of soil.
It can be seen from Table 4 that, apply prior art moderate resistance soil acidification fertilizer using ecologic active fertilizer ratio of the present invention Can it is significantly more improve soil in bacterium, fungi and actinomyces content, this change contribute to improve soil agreegate Stability and soil biological fertility.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but it will be appreciated that various embodiments above is only used To illustrate technical scheme, rather than its limitations;It will be understood by those within the art that:Without departing substantially from this hair In the case of bright spirit and scope, the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can be modified, or to wherein Some or all of technical characteristic carries out equivalent substitution;And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution Depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme;It is, therefore, intended that including belonging to the present invention in the following claims In the range of all these substitutions and modifications.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer, it is characterised in that the main composition system by following mass fraction of the ecologic active fertilizer It is standby to obtain:
40-80 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.1-5 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 1-5 parts of alkali, agricultural microorganism 5- 15 parts and 0.1-5 parts of activating plants agent;
Preferably, the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
50-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 12-18 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 1-3 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 2-4 parts of alkali, agricultural microorganism 8-12 1-3 parts of part and activating plants agent;
It is further preferred that the ecologic active fertilizer is mainly prepared by the composition of following mass fraction:
60 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 2 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 3 parts of alkali, 10 parts of agricultural microorganism and activating plants 2 parts of agent.
2. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer includes biological organic One or more in fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer, preferably include biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer;
Alternatively, the biological organic fertilizer includes the one or more in the carbonaceous material of plant and/or animal, preferably Including the one or more in feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural wastes, trade waste, house refuse and municipal sludge;
Alternatively, the mineral resources organic fertilizer includes mineral resources humic acid;
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the biological organic fertilizer and mineral resources organic fertilizer is 1-10:1, preferably 2-8:1, further preferably For 5:1.
3. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the inorganic fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphorus One or more in fertilizer, potash fertilizer and sulfur fertilizer, preferably include ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, potassium sulfate, potassium nitride, phosphoric acid One or more in ammonium and plant ash.
4. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the trace-element fertilizer includes boron One or more in fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer, copper fertilizer, iron fertilizer and cobalt fertilizer, preferably include boron, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, copper, iron and cobalt Salt in one or more.
5. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali includes one kind in inorganic base Or it is a variety of, the one or more in metal oxide, metal hydroxides and metal salt of weak acid are preferably included, further preferably bag The one or more in the oxide of sodium, calcium and magnesium, sodium, calcium and magnesium hydroxide and sodium, calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid are included, further Preferably include the one or more in oxide, calcium and the magnesium hydroxide and calcium and magnesium salt of weak acid of calcium and magnesium.
6. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the agricultural microorganism includes gemma bar One or more in bacterium, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, preferably include bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria;
Alternatively, the bacillus includes one or both of jelly bacillus and bacillus subtilis;
Alternatively, the mass ratio of the bacillus, actinomyces and nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 1-5:1-2:1-3, preferably 2-4:1.2- 1.8:1.5-2.5, more preferably 3:1.5:2.
7. a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the activating plants agent includes taking root One or more in agent, growth promoter, growth regulator.
8. the preparation method of a kind of ecologic active fertilizer as described in claim 1-7 is any, it is characterised in that will have in proportion Machine fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer, alkali, agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent are sufficiently mixed uniformly, obtain a kind of life State active fertilizer.
9. the preparation method of a kind of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in proportion by organic fertilizer Material, inorganic fertilizer, trace-element fertilizer and alkali are sufficiently mixed uniformly, add agricultural microorganism and activating plants agent is sufficiently mixed Uniformly, a kind of ecologic active fertilizer is obtained.
10. a kind of preparation method of ecologic active fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer It is used further to prepare ecologic active fertilizer after being fermented;
Alternatively, the fermentation includes heap fermentation;
Preferably, the temperature of the fermentation is 50-70 DEG C, more preferably preferably 58-68 DEG C, 65 DEG C;
Preferably, the time of the fermentation is more than 3 days, more preferably preferably 7-15 days, 10 days.
CN201710552229.XA 2017-07-07 2017-07-07 A kind of ecologic active fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN107141180A (en)

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CN109867552A (en) * 2017-12-02 2019-06-11 徐州市贾汪区羡人工贸有限公司 The biomass fertilizers of use in winter
CN110339704A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-10-18 湖南农业大学 Metal oxide nano-material improves application and method in nitrogen-fixing microorganism nitrogen fixing capacity preparation in preparation
CN110698280A (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-01-17 山东宝源生物科技股份有限公司 Total-nutrient bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof
CN110818483A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-21 江苏永佳现代农业科技有限公司 Root-promoting bio-organic fertilizer produced by treating agricultural solid waste and manufacturing method thereof
CN111072421A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-04-28 湖北师范大学 Hawthorn tree organic compound farmyard manure capable of improving yield and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109867552A (en) * 2017-12-02 2019-06-11 徐州市贾汪区羡人工贸有限公司 The biomass fertilizers of use in winter
CN110339704A (en) * 2019-07-17 2019-10-18 湖南农业大学 Metal oxide nano-material improves application and method in nitrogen-fixing microorganism nitrogen fixing capacity preparation in preparation
CN110339704B (en) * 2019-07-17 2022-09-20 湖南农业大学 Application of metal oxide nano material in preparation of preparation for improving nitrogen fixation capability of nitrogen-fixing microorganism and method
CN110698280A (en) * 2019-09-29 2020-01-17 山东宝源生物科技股份有限公司 Total-nutrient bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof
CN110818483A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-21 江苏永佳现代农业科技有限公司 Root-promoting bio-organic fertilizer produced by treating agricultural solid waste and manufacturing method thereof
CN111072421A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-04-28 湖北师范大学 Hawthorn tree organic compound farmyard manure capable of improving yield and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20170908