CN107136374A - 一种山药黄精固体饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种山药黄精固体饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种山药黄精固体饮料及其制备方法,所述固体饮料由以下重量份原料制备而成:山药50‑70份、黄精50‑70份、枸杞25‑35份、覆盆子8‑12份、茯苓15‑25份、砂仁8‑12份、大枣8‑12份、玉竹25‑35份、芡实8‑12份、桑椹8‑12份、甘草10‑15份。固体饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过筛,混合;2)水提:在混合后的原料加水,煮沸提取;3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.1‑1.3;4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,喷雾干燥,制得。本发明具有补肝肾、强筋骨、增强机体免疫力、安神益智、调理脾胃等多种生理活性功能,对于亚健康人群有很好的疗效。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种山药黄精固体饮料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着现代生活节奏的加快和环境污染加剧,很多人尤其是中老年人、久坐办公室的都市白领及学生都处于亚健康状态,亚健康的主要临床表现为疲劳、虚弱、肌肉和关节酸痛、头昏头痛、心悸胸闷、睡眠紊乱、食欲不振、易于感冒、记忆力下降、急躁易怒、反应迟钝等;而目前针对亚健康尚无明确的治疗方法和针对性药物。
固体饮料是饮料的一种,与液体饮料相比,质量显著降低,体积显著变小,携带方便,便于储存和运输;如目前市场上出现的麦乳精、速溶咖啡、菊花晶、豆奶粉、椰子粉等均为典型的固体饮料;然而目前市场上还没有针对亚健康人群的固体饮料。
发明内容
本发明的目的就在于为解决现有技术的不足而提供一种适用于亚健康人群,具有补肝肾、强筋骨、增强机体免疫力、安神益智、调理脾胃等功能的山药黄精固体饮料。
本发明的目的是以下述技术方案实现的:
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50-70份、黄精50-70份、枸杞25-35份、覆盆子8-12份、茯苓15-25份、砂仁8-12份、大枣8-12份、玉竹25-35份、芡实8-12份、桑椹8-12份、甘草10-15份。
优选的,所述的山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药60份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。
所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过筛,混合;
(2)水提:在混合后的原料加水,煮沸提取;
(3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.1-1.3;
(4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,喷雾干燥,制得。
优选的,所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,步骤(1)中过40-80目筛。
优选的,所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,步骤(2)中加水提取2-3次,每次提取时间为1-2h。
优选的,所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,步骤(4)中麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖的重量比例为(5-10):(4-6):1。
本发明综合使用多种药食同源的中药原料制备得到一种溶解性能佳,口感良好,同时具有补肝肾、强筋骨、增强机体免疫力、安神益智、调理脾胃等多种生理活性功能的固体饮料,对于亚健康人群有很好的疗效,而且制备方法简单,可长期食用,无副作用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50-70份、黄精50-70份、枸杞25-35份、覆盆子8-12份、茯苓15-25份、砂仁8-12份、大枣8-12份、玉竹25-35份、芡实8-12份、桑椹8-12份、甘草10-15份。
山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过40-80目筛,混合;
(2)水提:在混合后的原料加水、煮沸提取,加水提取操作2-3次;
(3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.1-1.3;
(4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖的重量比例为(5-10):(4-6):1,喷雾干燥,制得。
配方中,山药可补脾养胃,生津益肺,补肾涩精,用于脾虚食少,久泻不止,肺虚喘咳,肾虚遗精,带下,尿频,虚热消渴。黄精可补气养阴,健脾,润肺,益肾,用于脾胃气虚,体倦乏力,胃阴不足,口干食少,肺虚燥咳,劳嗽咳血,精血不足,腰膝酸软,须发早白,内热消渴。枸杞子可滋补肝肾,益精明目,用于虚劳精亏,腰膝酸痛,眩晕耳鸣,阳萎遗精,内热消渴,血虚萎黄,目昏不明。覆盆子可益肾固精缩尿,养肝明目,用于遗精滑精,遗尿尿频,阳痿早泄,目暗昏花。茯苓可解毒,除湿,通利关节。砂仁可化湿开胃,温脾止泻,理气。用于湿浊中阻,脘痞不饥,脾胃虚寒,呕吐泄泻。大枣可补中益气,养血安神。用于脾虚食少,乏力便溏,妇人脏躁。玉竹可养阴润燥,生津止渴,用于肺胃阴伤,燥热咳嗽,咽干口渴,内热消渴。芡实,可有益肾固精,补脾止泻,除湿止带。桑椹可滋阴补血,生津润燥,用于肝肾阴虚,眩晕耳鸣,心悸失眠,须发早白,津伤口渴,内热消渴,肠燥便秘。甘草气微,味甜而特殊,用于补中益气。
上述原料中,以山药、黄精为主料,用以补气健脾胃益肾,枸杞、甘草、大枣可增强补气效果,覆盆子、芡实可增强益肾效果,玉竹、桑椹可滋阴润燥,上述补益的药食用较多以后会导致脾满胃胀,因此配方中添加砂仁、茯苓可化湿利气,减少不良反应,使其可长期食用。原料中的甘草、大枣、枸杞均带有甜味,可中和其他原料带来的不良口感,同时,制粒时添加的辅料双歧糖同样可以起到矫味的作用,提升口感。本发明得到的固体饮料颗粒储存期间无结块沾粘,冲溶后迅速溶解,饮后有微许甜味,无明显的中药苦味,适于饮用,而且对亚健康人群有明显的疗效。
实施例2
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。
山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过40目筛,混合;
(2)水提:在混合后的原料加水、煮沸提取,加水提取操作2次;
(3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.1;
(4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖的重量比例为5:4:1,喷雾干燥,制得。
实施例3
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药60份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。
山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过80目筛,混合;
(2)水提:在混合后的原料加水、煮沸提取,加水提取操作3次;
(3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.2;
(4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖的重量比例为8:5:1,喷雾干燥,制得。
实施例4
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药70份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。制备方法同实施例 2。
比较例1
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、厚朴10份、酸枣仁10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。制备方法同实施例 2。与实施例2中的配方相比较,把砂仁改为了药性相同的厚朴,大枣换成了酸枣仁。
比较例2
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药90份、黄精20份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。制备方法同实施例 2。与实施例2中的配方相比较,把山药的重量份增加到了90份,把黄精的重量减少到了70份。
比较例3
一种山药黄精固体饮料,由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份。制备方法同实施例2。与实施例2中的配方相比较,未使用甘草和大枣。
感官评价试验
邀请 20位感官评定人员,分别对本发明实施例 1-3 以及比较例 1-2 的产品进行感官评定(盲评),并以10分制给出了感官评价结果,其中 9 分以上为风味和口感优秀 ;8 分为良好 ;7 分为可以接受 ;6 分为刚刚合格 ;6 分以下为风味或口感较差。 取20位感官评定人员给出的分数取平均值,为此产品的本次评定分值,对每个产品做两次感官评定,具体结果见下表1:
调理亚健康状态的试验
1、抗疲劳效果试验
易疲劳是亚健康人群的典型特征之一,即使是对于正常人群,工作时间过长也会有疲劳感。本试验以容易疲惫的亚健康人群为研究对象,观察对象中男、女各 50 人,无其他严重疾病,年龄为 25-45岁,平均年龄 35岁。观察对象随机分成五组,一组10人。
第一组人群每天用温水冲服本发明实施例 2中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
第二组人群每天没有服用任何药物或保健品,也未食用本产品。
第三组人群每天用温水冲服本发明比较例1中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
第四组人群每天用温水冲服本发明比较例2中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
第五组人群每天用温水冲服本发明比较例3中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
试验结果显示,第一组试验对象中有9人表示食用固体饮料期间工作精神充沛,无明显的疲惫感或困倦感,1人表示食用固体饮料期间工作有疲惫感。第二组试验对象中有8人表示工作期间有疲劳感和困倦感,2人表示有困倦感。第三组试验对象中服用1个月以后有4人出现上火、痞满胃胀的副作用,停止实验。第四组试验对象中有6人表示食用固体饮料期间工作精神充沛,无明显的疲惫感或困倦感,4人表示食用固体饮料期间工作有疲惫感。第五组试验对象中有5人表示食用固体饮料期间工作精神充沛,无明显的疲惫感或困倦感,5人表示食用固体饮料期间工作有疲惫感。
上述试验结果表明,长期饮用本发明的固体饮料具有缓解疲劳和补充体力的作用。
2、改善食欲效果试验
亚健康人群的另一个特征就是食欲不振,没有食欲就会影响情绪和健康,身体不能补充所需营养成分。长期的食欲不振会引起贫血、低血糖和营养不良等其他疾病,早期应得到足够的重视。本试验以食欲不振的亚健康人群为研究对象,观察对象中男、女各 10 人,无其他严重疾病,年龄为 25-40岁,平均年龄 32岁。观察对象随机分成两组,一组10人。
第一组人群每天用温水冲服本发明实施例 2中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
第二组人群每天没有服用任何药物或保健品,也未食用本产品。
试验结果显示,第一组试验对象中有7人表示食用固体饮料期间食欲明显提高,3人表示食用固体饮料期间食欲有所提高。第二组试验对象中有10人表示依然食欲不振和体力不支。
上述试验结果表明,长期饮用本发明的固体饮料具有提高食欲和补充体力的作用。
3、改善失眠效果试验
失眠是指无法入睡或无法保持睡眠状态,导致睡眠不足。又称入睡和维持睡眠障碍,为各种原因引起入睡困难、睡眠深度或频度过短、早醒及睡眠时间不足或质量差等,是现代人最常见的疾病之一。失眠往往会给患者带来极大的痛苦和心理负担,又会因为滥用失眠药物而损伤身体其他方方面面。
本试验以经常失眠的亚健康人群为研究对象,观察对象中男、女各 10 人,无其他严重疾病,年龄为 35-50岁,平均年龄 43岁。观察对象随机分成两组,一组10人。
第一组人群每天用温水冲服本发明实施例 2中的固体饮料 30g,持续60 天。
第二组人群每天没有服用任何药物或保健品,也未食用本产品。
试验结果显示,第一组试验对象中有7人表示食用固体饮料期间失眠症状明显得到改善,3人表示食用固体饮料期间失眠症状有所提高。第二组试验对象中有10人表示依然失眠,工作时精神状态不佳。
上述试验结果表明,长期饮用本发明的固体饮料对改善睡眠具有一定作用。
典型病例
1、孙某,30岁,为IT公司技术人员,工作时间8年,于最近几个月经常出现失眠、易疲惫、头脑昏沉、心悸烦乱等亚健康症状,连续饮用本发明实施例2产品1个月以后,症状有所减缓,2个月以后,其症状完全消失。
2、吴某,56岁,为食品车间工人,长期患有失眠多梦、头昏目暗、易疲惫、心悸烦乱等亚健康症状,连续饮用本发明实施例2产品2个月以后,症状有所减缓,3个月以后,其症状基本消失。
本发明实施例5-28提供的山药黄精固体饮料配方见表2-5,其制备方法与实施例2相同。
Claims (6)
1.一种山药黄精固体饮料,其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药50-70份、黄精50-70份、枸杞25-35份、覆盆子8-12份、茯苓15-25份、砂仁8-12份、大枣8-12份、玉竹25-35份、芡实8-12份、桑椹8-12份、甘草10-15份。
2.如权利要求1所述的山药黄精固体饮料,其特征在于由以下重量份的原料制备而成:山药60份、黄精60份、枸杞30份、覆盆子10份、茯苓20份、砂仁10份、大枣10份、玉竹30份、芡实10份、桑椹10份、甘草12.5份。
3.如权利要求1-2任一项所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)原料预处理:将上述原料粉碎过筛,混合;
(2)水提:在混合后的原料加水,煮沸提取;
(3)过滤,浓缩至相对密度为1.1-1.3;
(4)加入麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖,喷雾干燥,制得。
4.如权利要求3所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(1)中过40-80目筛。
5.如权利要求3所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(2)中加水提取2-3次,每次提取时间为1-2h。
6.如权利要求3所述山药黄精固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于步骤(4)中麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉和双歧糖的重量比例为(5-10):(4-6):1。
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