CN107129338A - A kind of method that Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus - Google Patents
A kind of method that Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107129338A CN107129338A CN201710471148.7A CN201710471148A CN107129338A CN 107129338 A CN107129338 A CN 107129338A CN 201710471148 A CN201710471148 A CN 201710471148A CN 107129338 A CN107129338 A CN 107129338A
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- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
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Abstract
The invention belongs to mushroom cultivation technical field, disclose a kind of Juncao and cultivate the method for medicinal fungus, while disclose a kind of Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus matrix, be made up of maize cob meal, cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran, bean powder etc.；The method of Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus includes：Corncob, cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust heap fermentation：Mechanical spice, cultivating bag sterilizes in autoclave, inoculation, annesl management；It is up to after the bacterium bag restocking of physiological maturity, increases the temperature difference；After inoculation, vial will be cultivated and be put into the management that transfer room carries out two stages of mycelial growth phase and sporophore growth phase.Extensively, with short production cycle, high financial profit, the features such as not being easily controlled by territorial restrictions and condition of culture can save timber to raw material sources of the present invention using instead of wood raw material method, while cost is low, convenient transportation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mushroom cultivation technical field, more particularly to a kind of method that Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus.
Background technology
Medicinal fungi refers to the class fungi acted on as medical treatment disease and with nutritious tonifying, Mycophyta medicinal material
It is the Chinese medicine part of Chinese medicine.In hundreds of medicinal medicine dual-purpose fungies with food known to China, it can carry out at present extensive
It is also few that artificial cultivation is produced, wherein most is wooden saprophytic form, and belongs to the species of the careless saprophytic form of muck, excrement, tired due to taming
The a few species such as difficulty, only mushroom, straw mushroom and paint face mushroom can be cultivated, and the mycorrhizal fungi of symbiotrophy some can only enter
Row Semi-artificial cultivation.Segment wood cultivated is to simulate the ecological environment of medicinal fungus under field conditions (factors), and carries out one kind of artificial cultivation
The mode of production.But it is segment wood cultivated, not only cost is high, waste timber, and transport is also inconvenient.
Hickory chick Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is under the jurisdiction of Morchellaceae (Morchellaceae) hickory chick
Belong to (Morchella), be internationally famous Precious Edible Fungi, the world is in great demand, be Chinese main exit to European countries such as France
Edible fungus.And as the country such as moral, method, meaning, U.S. increases the demand of hickory chick, its price constantly rises.
Hickory chick is recorded in earliest《Compendium of Materia Medica》, China utilize it is with a long history.Modern science is found in hickory chick
Rich in protein, aliphatic acid and carbohydrate, particularly a variety of rare amino acid (such as cis- 3- Amino-L-prolines, 2- ammonia
Base isobutyric acid, 2,4- triamido isobutyric acids etc.), mineral element (potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese etc.) and multivitamin
Compositions such as (thiamine, riboflavin, niconacid, pantothenic acid, folic acid, pyridoxol, biotin, ascorbic acid, VB12) imparts sheep tripe
Bacterium unique local flavor and nutritive value, as the high-grade food materials in international food and drink.Also, hickory chick food and medicine consangunity, modern medicine
Research shows, hickory chick can kidney tonifying, cerebrum tonifying, establishing-Yang, refresh oneself, reducing blood lipid, the effect such as antitumor.In addition, hickory chick can be used for
Steep in wine raw material, its liquid fermentation and culture thing is again available for production of flavouring etc., therefore it is in food, health products, medication chemistry etc.
It is multi-field to have broad application prospects.
At present, the hickory chick of Chinese exports is adopted in naturally wild mostly, and it far can not meet domestic with international market
Demand, and the excessive collection of wild resource causes its yield drastically to reduce, and greatly destroys the bio-diversity of hickory chick.Sheep
Tripe bacterium is the Precious Edible Fungi of the end of spring and the beginning of summer birth.The history of the existing last 100 yearses of artificial cultivation hickory chick is explored, still, until
Ability in 1986 is existed first by the Ron Ower of biology department of san francisco, usa state university herbarium《Mycology magazine》Upper hair
Table artificial cultivation is successfully reported, and achieves two United States Patent (USP)s of hickory chick cultivation in nineteen eighty-two and 1986 respectively.
Before this, the successful example of hickory chick artificial cultivation is all had been reported that both at home and abroad, but simply has Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore to grow once in a while.
In recent years, China scientific worker has carried out many explorations to the artificial cultivation of hickory chick, has cultivated Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore, and
The physiological condition of some fructifications generation is inquired into., need to be in outdoor completion, simultaneously but current artificial cultivation belongs to bionic cultivation
Poor repeatability, fruiting is unstable, and the commercialization cultivation of maturation can not be carried out so far.Therefore, the artificial or semi-artificial cultivation of hickory chick
Training technology is always the focus of international edible mushroom research.
Medicinal fungus is Wood rot type bacterium, and past cultivation is main to carry out juggle cultivation using toothed oak tree, existing because forest tree resource is nervous
Using substituting stuff cultivation, substituting stuff cultivation medicinal fungus major ingredient mostly use broad-leaved hardwood crumbses, can guarantee that cultivation medicinal fungus yield and
Quality.Delivered many on utilizing cotton seed hulls, straw, corncob, bagasse, ramulus mori or fruit on domestic and international various academic journals
The article of the cultivation medicinal fungus such as branch, these experiments in cultivation are mainly used in research, mass not produced, and do not utilize
Cotton seed hulls, straw, corncob, bagasse, ramulus mori or fruit branch etc. cultivate the report of medicinal fungus on a large scale.The medicine of some raw material production
With the residual height of bacterium agriculture, content of beary metal height, medicinal fungus quality decline all replaces sawdust mushroom cultivation using these raw materials, medicinal
Bacterium yields poorly, of poor quality, and lopsided bacterium rate is high, without commodity value.Especially content of beary metal is exceeded in medicinal fungus, endangers the people
It is healthy.
In summary, the problem of present technology is present be：Segment wood cultivated, not only cost is high, waste timber, transport also ten
Divide inconvenience；It can not be completed indoors in hickory chick artificial cultivation, while the hickory chick poor repeatability prepared, fruiting is unstable, no
Ripe commercialization cultivation can be carried out；It is higher to there is cost of transportation in the raw material of existing cultivation medicinal fungus, using cotton seed hulls, beanstalk,
Straw and corncob cultivation medicinal fungus formula rate are unreasonable, compost are not effectively treated, medicinal fungus yields poorly, matter
The problem of amount declines.
The content of the invention
The problem of existing for prior art, the invention provides the method that Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix, and the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix presses matter
Number is measured by 30 parts~35 parts of maize cob meal, 10 parts~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20 parts~40 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran 10
Part~15 parts, 2 parts~5 parts of bean powder, 1 part~2 parts of land plaster, 0.05 part~0.1 part of plant growth regulator, 10% part of wheat~
30 parts, 5 parts~15 parts of red soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone, 1 part~1.5 parts of yeast extract, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, magnesium sulfate
0.2 part~0.5 part, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part~0.3 part of sodium butyrate, vitamin B1 0.01 part~0.03
Part, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin C, 2 parts~10 parts of agar and 130 parts~150 parts compositions of distilled water.
Further, the broad-leaved weed tree sawdust include willow, willow, elm, toothed oak tree, birch wood sawdust one or two with
Upper mixing wood sawdust.
Further, the land plaster or for mass fraction identical Paris white；The Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus matrix
PH6.0~7.0.
Another object of the present invention is that providing one kind utilizes above-mentioned Juncao to cultivate medicinal fungus matrix progress Juncao cultivated drug use
The method of bacterium, the method for the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus comprises the following steps：
Step one, corncob, cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust heap fermentation：Corncob is crushed, with cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weedtree
Bits are mixed, and by plant growth regulator spice soluble in water, Compost moisture content 50%, compost piles bottom width 1.5 meters~2.5
Rice, high 0.8 meter~1.5 meters of trapezoidal stockpile, stockpile surface is clapped, and sprays clear water, is covered with plastic sheeting, when 35 lis of stockpile
Rice depths temperature reaches 18 hours more than 55 DEG C carries out first time turning, when 35 centimetres of deep heap temperature of stockpile are got through up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C
Stomata, carries out second of turning in 18 hours, gets through stomata when 35 centimetres of deep heap temperature of stockpile are up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C, is tied after 18 hours
Beam ferments, and dissipates heap, cooling；
Step 2, mechanical spice, by wheat bran or rice bran, bean powder, land plaster, wheat, red soil, peptone, yeast extract,
Glucose, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium butyrate, vitamin B1, vitamin C, agar are weighed up and put together in proportion,
The corncob and wood chip that fermentation is added after dry mixing is uniform in rustless steel container carry out spice；Sack filling machine is packed, and is used after pack
Fastening machine bag mouth sealing, loads compost；
Step 3, cultivating bag will be sterilized pond in autoclave after cultivating bag is put well with one layer of awning film and one layer of tarpaulin
Cover, and wrapped sterilizing pond with rope, while awning film and tarpaulin edge are pressed into tight with stone or wooden stick；Then heat, 2~3
Hour normal-pressure sterilization kettle temperature all sites all reach 100 DEG C, continue 5~8 hours, or in 1.5kg/cm2Kept under pressure
1.5h~3.0h carries out autoclaving；Culture medium for cultivating is unanimous between the higher and lower levels in container after sterilizing, has penetrating space between wheat, stops
Fiery vexed pot takes the dish out of the pot after 8 hours；
Inoculating tool, strain and cultivating bag, are first put into transfer room by step 4, and one hour in advance with 5% saponated cresol water
Solution spraying disinfection, after then opening ultraviolet lamp irradiation one hour, opens fluorescent lamp inoculation；Cultivating bag is cooled to normal temperature or 25
DEG C~28 DEG C of inoculations；Calcination sterilizes on alcolhol burner flame before drilling device and inoculator inoculation, 75% alcohol of strain bag outer wall
Cotton balls cleaning disinfection, one is dipped in clean towel and puts the inoculation position sterilization of miraculous cure agent wiping cultivating bag upper surface on the skin, every bag is made a call to 8 before punching
Individual cave, cave is deep 3 centimetres, takes out strain monoblock with inoculator and is put into cave, bagging is enclosed on cultivating bag after inoculation, one has been connect
Inoculator is inoculated after fire combustion incineration after bag strain, one bag of strain is inoculated with 30 bags~50 bags；
Step 5, first by indoor 800 times of methylpartricin sodium laurylsulfates or 5% saponated cresol aqueous solution spraying disinfection, pollution bacterium bag is chosen
Take outdoor processing；Good bacterium bag surface is dipped in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution and sterilized, and is scratched and takes off with knife, then is stood
Going out progress annesl management in bacterium canopy；
Step 6, is up to after the bacterium bag restocking of physiological maturity, increases the temperature difference；
Step 7, after inoculation, is put into transfer room by cultivation vial and carries out mycelial growth phase and sporophore growth phase two
The management in individual stage.
Further, the turning method is that stockpile different directions are turned over, and first takes off the compost of stockpile surface 20-25 cm thicks
Under, by the compost of middle indirect fermentation, in initial pile, homonymy is not piled and stockpile stockpile of a size, stockpile intermediate recess, then general
The raw material and bottom raw material on stockpile surface are put into the middle of stockpile, and top compost of indirect fermentation in is covered.
Further, the management method of the mycelial growth phase includes：
Material bottle after inoculation, is placed in cleaning, the environment of lucifuge and cultivates, keep air humidity 75%；
Starting stage, indoor temperature is kept for 18 DEG C~22 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 22 DEG C
~25 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 10~15 days grew to bottom of bottle after 15~25 days, and mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completed nutrition life
The long stage.
Further, when carrying out the management of mycelial growth phase, after many aerial hyphaes occurs in mycelia, the former base formation phase is carried out
Management；Specifically include：
Thermal stimulation, daytime, room temperature control was at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Be 10 DEG C~12 DEG C in the evening, stimulates 5h~8h；
Light stimulation, intensity of illumination is in 100lx~300lx, daily illumination 8h.
Further, the method for sporophore growth period management includes：
After fructification is grown, sealed membrane is first pricked several holes, room temperature is controlled at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination is in 400lx
Within, daily light application time is no less than 12h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 75%.
Further, after one batch of hickory chick is harvested, because culture medium also has nutriment, the pipe of sporophore growth phase is kept
Reason, carries out regrowth hair hickory chick management.
Further, in the step 6, increasing the temperature difference is：5 DEG C~10 DEG C.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect are：The method of the cultivation medicinal fungus, its raw material sources are extensive, the production cycle
Short, high financial profit, the features such as not being easily controlled by territorial restrictions and condition of culture can be saved using instead of wood raw material method
Timber is saved, it is many instead of raw material type, mainly there is major ingredient to have wood sawdust, cotton seed hulls, straw, corn core, bagasse etc.；Auxiliary material has
Wheat bran, rice bran, gypsum, calcium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugarcane are warded off and glucose etc.；Cost is low simultaneously, convenient transportation.
Utilization corncob and the preparation method of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust mushroom culture matrix that the present invention is provided, using corncob and
Broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, including poplar wood chip, elm wood chip, willow wood chip and other broad-leaved wood chips replace broad-leaved hardwood crumbses completely
Medicinal fungus is cultivated, using different cultivation matrixes, and plant growth regulator is added, is not suitable for these by biofermentation technique
Cultivate the material conversion in the raw material of medicinal fungus matrix, degraded or remove, reach substitution broad-leaved hardwood crumbses cultivation medicinal fungus
Purpose.Using corncob cultivation medicinal fungus, lopsided medicinal fungus rate utilizes poplar bits mushroom culture, medicinal fungus up to more than 12.5%
Conversion ratio is 42.9%, and 84.6% than broad-leaved hardwood crumbses cultivation medicinal fungus conversion ratio is low by more than 40%.And utilize the present invention
Cultivate medicinal fungus fragrant, mushroom conversion ratio reaches 83.6%, and misshapen mushroom rate is 2.0%.
The hickory chick that the present invention is provided is a kind of Precious Edible Fungi for having a very big DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT, and the present invention is by prolonged
Experiment gropes to inquire at home and abroad has breakthrough there is provided a kind of, can make the factory culture of hickory chick full season indoors
Technical method, be a kind of optimization induction hickory chick strain, factory culture requirement reached, while bionical compared to existing outdoor
Cultivation only one season fruiting backward situation, make its full season quantity-produced integrated technique, realize and commercially produce.It is existing
Have technology at outdoor 1 year only one season fruiting, the present invention continuous production indoors goes out bacterium and limited without number of times.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram for the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus that the present invention implements offer.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The problem of present technology is present be：Segment wood cultivated, not only cost is high, waste timber, and transport is also inconvenient；Sheep
It can not be completed indoors in tripe bacterium artificial cultivation, while the hickory chick poor repeatability prepared, fruiting is unstable, it is impossible to carry out ripe
Commercialization cultivation；It is higher to there is cost of transportation in the raw material of existing cultivation medicinal fungus, utilizes cotton seed hulls, beanstalk, straw and corn
Core cultivation medicinal fungus formula rate is unreasonable, compost is not effectively treated, medicinal fungus yields poorly, and Quality Down is asked
Topic.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The present invention implements the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix provided, Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix by mass fraction by
30 parts~35 parts of maize cob meal, 10 parts~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20 parts~40 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran 10 parts~15
Part, 2 parts~5 parts of bean powder, 1 part~2 parts of land plaster, 0.05 part~0.1 part of plant growth regulator, 10% part~30 parts of wheat,
5 parts~15 parts of red soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone, 1 part~1.5 parts of yeast extract, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate
~0.5 part, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part~0.3 part of sodium butyrate, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin B1, dimension
Raw 0.01 part~0.03 part of element C, 130 parts~150 parts compositions of 2 parts~10 parts of agar and distilled water.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the broad-leaved weed tree sawdust includes willow, willow, elm, toothed oak tree, birch
Wood sawdust one or more mixing wood sawdusts.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the land plaster or be mass fraction identical Paris white；It is described
Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus substrate pH 6.0~7.0.
As shown in figure 1, the method that Juncao provided in an embodiment of the present invention cultivates medicinal fungus, comprises the following steps：
S101：Corncob, cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust heap fermentation：Corncob is crushed, with cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust
Mix, by plant growth regulator spice soluble in water, Compost moisture content 50%, compost piles bottom width 1.5 meters~2.5
Rice, high 0.8 meter~1.5 meters of trapezoidal stockpile, stockpile surface is clapped, and sprays clear water, is covered with plastic sheeting, when 35 lis of stockpile
Rice depths temperature reaches 18 hours more than 55 DEG C carries out first time turning, when 35 centimetres of deep heap temperature of stockpile are got through up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C
Stomata, carries out second of turning in 18 hours, gets through stomata when 35 centimetres of deep heap temperature of stockpile are up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C, is tied after 18 hours
Beam ferments, and dissipates heap, cooling.
S102：Mechanical spice, by wheat bran or rice bran, bean powder, land plaster, wheat, red soil, peptone, yeast extract, Portugal
Grape sugar, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium butyrate, vitamin B1, vitamin C, agar are weighed up and put together in proportion, not
The corncob and wood chip that fermentation is added after dry mixing is uniform in rust steel container carry out spice；Sack filling machine is packed, and card is used after pack
Deduction bag mouth sealing, loads compost.
S103：Cultivating bag will be sterilized Chi Gai in autoclave after cultivating bag is put well with one layer of awning film and one layer of tarpaulin
It is good, and wrapped sterilizing pond with rope, while awning film and tarpaulin edge are pressed into tight with stone or wooden stick；Then heat, 2~3 is small
When normal-pressure sterilizing pot in temperature all sites all reach 100 DEG C, continue 5~8 hours, or in 1.5kg/cm2Kept under pressure
1.5h~3.0h carries out autoclaving；Culture medium for cultivating is unanimous between the higher and lower levels in container after sterilizing, has penetrating space between wheat, stops
Fiery vexed pot takes the dish out of the pot after 8 hours.
S104：First inoculating tool, strain and cultivating bag are put into transfer room, one hour in advance water-soluble with 5% saponated cresol
Liquid spraying disinfection, after then opening ultraviolet lamp irradiation one hour, opens fluorescent lamp inoculation；Cultivating bag is cooled to normal temperature or 25 DEG C
~28 DEG C of inoculations；Calcination sterilizes on alcolhol burner flame before drilling device and inoculator inoculation, 75% alcohol swab of strain bag outer wall
Ball cleaning disinfection, one is dipped in clean towel and puts the inoculation position sterilization of miraculous cure agent wiping cultivating bag upper surface on the skin, every bag is made a call to 8 before punching
Cave, cave is deep 3 centimetres, takes out strain monoblock with inoculator and is put into cave, bagging is enclosed on cultivating bag after inoculation, one bag has been connect
Inoculator is inoculated after fire combustion incineration after strain, one bag of strain is inoculated with 30 bags~50 bags.
S105：First by indoor 800 times of methylpartricin sodium laurylsulfates or 5% saponated cresol aqueous solution spraying disinfection, pollution bacterium bag is chosen and taken
To outdoor processing；Good bacterium bag surface is dipped in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution and sterilized, and is scratched and takes off with knife, then is stood in
Go out and annesl management is carried out in bacterium canopy.
S106：It is up to after the bacterium bag restocking of physiological maturity, increases the temperature difference.
S107：After inoculation, cultivation vial is put into transfer room and carries out mycelial growth phase and sporophore growth phase two
The management in stage.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the turning method is that stockpile different directions are turned over, first by stockpile surface
The compost of 20-25 cm thicks is taken off down, by the compost of middle indirect fermentation initial pile not homonymy pile it is of a size with stockpile
Stockpile, stockpile intermediate recess, then the raw material on stockpile surface and bottom raw material are put into the middle of stockpile, the training of indirect fermentation during top is used
Nutriment is covered.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the management method of the mycelial growth phase includes：
Material bottle after inoculation, is placed in cleaning, the environment of lucifuge and cultivates, keep air humidity 75%；
Starting stage, indoor temperature is kept for 18 DEG C~22 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 22 DEG C
~25 DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 10~15 days grew to bottom of bottle after 15~25 days, and mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completed nutrition life
The long stage.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, when carrying out the management of mycelial growth phase, when many gas lifes occurs in mycelia
After mycelia, the management of former base formation phase is carried out；Specifically include：
Thermal stimulation, daytime, room temperature control was at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Be 10 DEG C~12 DEG C in the evening, stimulates 5h~8h；
Light stimulation, intensity of illumination is in 100lx~300lx, daily illumination 8h.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for sporophore growth period management includes：
After fructification is grown, sealed membrane is first pricked several holes, room temperature is controlled at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination is in 400lx
Within, daily light application time is no less than 12h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 75%.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, after one batch of hickory chick is harvested, because culture medium also has nutriment, protect
The management of sporophore growth phase is held, regrowth hair hickory chick management is carried out.
As the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, in the S106, increasing the temperature difference is：5 DEG C~10 DEG C.
The method of present invention cultivation medicinal fungus, its raw material sources are extensive, with short production cycle, high financial profit, not by ground
The features such as area is limited and condition of culture is easily controlled, can save timber, instead of raw material type using instead of wood raw material method
It is many, mainly there is major ingredient to have wood sawdust, cotton seed hulls, straw, corn core, bagasse etc.；Auxiliary material has wheat bran, rice bran, gypsum, carbonic acid
Calcium, magnesium sulfate, sugarcane are warded off and glucose etc.；Cost is low simultaneously, convenient transportation.
Utilization corncob and the preparation method of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust mushroom culture matrix that the present invention is provided, using corncob and
Broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, including poplar wood chip, elm wood chip, willow wood chip and other broad-leaved wood chips replace broad-leaved hardwood crumbses completely
Medicinal fungus is cultivated, using different cultivation matrixes, and plant growth regulator is added, is not suitable for these by biofermentation technique
Cultivate the material conversion in the raw material of medicinal fungus matrix, degraded or remove, reach substitution broad-leaved hardwood crumbses cultivation medicinal fungus
Purpose.Using corncob cultivation medicinal fungus, lopsided medicinal fungus rate utilizes poplar bits mushroom culture, medicinal fungus up to more than 12.5%
Conversion ratio is 42.9%, and 84.6% than broad-leaved hardwood crumbses cultivation medicinal fungus conversion ratio is low by more than 40%.And utilize the present invention
Cultivate medicinal fungus fragrant, mushroom conversion ratio reaches 83.6%, and misshapen mushroom rate is 2.0%.
The hickory chick that the present invention is provided is a kind of Precious Edible Fungi for having a very big DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT, and the present invention is by prolonged
Experiment gropes to inquire at home and abroad has breakthrough there is provided a kind of, can make the factory culture of hickory chick full season indoors
Technical method, be a kind of optimization induction hickory chick strain, factory culture requirement reached, while bionical compared to existing outdoor
Cultivation only one season fruiting backward situation, make its full season quantity-produced integrated technique, realize and commercially produce.It is existing
Have technology at outdoor 1 year only one season fruiting, the present invention continuous production indoors goes out bacterium and limited without number of times.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment one
The present invention implements the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix provided, Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix by mass fraction by
10 parts of 30 parts of maize cob meal, 10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran, 2 parts of bean powder, 1 part~2 parts of land plaster,
0.05 part~0.1 part of plant growth regulator, 10% part~30 parts of wheat, 5 parts~15 parts of red soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone,
1 part~1.5 parts of yeast extract, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, 0.2 part~0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
0.1 part~0.3 part of sodium butyrate, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin B1,0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin C, agar 2 parts~10
130 parts~150 parts compositions of part and distilled water.
Embodiment two
The present invention implements the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix provided, Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix by mass fraction by
15 parts of 35 parts of maize cob meal, 15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 40 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran, 5 parts of bean powder, 2 parts of land plaster, plant
0.1 part of growth regulator, 10% part~30 parts of wheat, 5 parts~15 parts of red soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone, 1 part of yeast extract~
1.5 parts, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, 0.2 part~0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of sodium butyrate~
0.3 part, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin B1,0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin C, 2 parts~10 parts of agar and distilled water 130
Part~150 parts of compositions.
Embodiment three
The present invention implements the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix provided, Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix by mass fraction by
12 parts of 33 parts of maize cob meal, 12 parts of cotton seed hulls, 30 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran, 3 parts of bean powder, 1.5 parts of land plaster, plant
0.075 part of thing growth regulator, 20 parts of wheat, 5 parts~15 parts of red soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone, yeast extract 1 part~1.5
Part, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, 0.2 part~0.5 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium butyrate 0.1 part~0.3
Part, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin B1,0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin C, 2 parts~10 parts of agar and 130 parts of distilled water
~150 parts of compositions.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Juncao cultivates medicinal fungus matrix, it is characterised in that the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus matrix is by mass fraction by jade
10 parts~15 parts of 30 parts~35 parts of rice core powder, 10 parts~15 parts of cotton seed hulls, 20 parts~40 parts of broad-leaved weed tree sawdust, wheat bran or rice bran,
2 parts~5 parts of bean powder, 1 part~2 parts of land plaster, 0.05 part~0.1 part of plant growth regulator, 10% part~30 parts of wheat, red soil
5 parts~15 parts of soil, 2 parts~4 parts of peptone, 1 part~1.5 parts of yeast extract, 1 part~5 parts of glucose, magnesium sulfate 0.2 part~0.5
Part, 0.2 part~0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part~0.3 part of sodium butyrate, 0.01 part~0.03 part of vitamin B1, vitamin C
0.01 part~0.03 part, 130 parts~150 parts compositions of 2 parts~10 parts of agar and distilled water.
2. Juncao as claimed in claim 1 cultivates medicinal fungus matrix, it is characterised in that the broad-leaved weed tree sawdust include willow,
Willow, elm, toothed oak tree, the wood sawdust one or more mixing wood sawdust of birch.
3. Juncao as claimed in claim 1 cultivates medicinal fungus matrix, it is characterised in that the land plaster is mass fraction phase
Same Paris white；The Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus substrate pH 6.0~7.0.
4. a kind of cultivate the method that medicinal fungus matrix carries out Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus, its feature using Juncao described in claim 1
It is, the method for the Juncao cultivation medicinal fungus comprises the following steps：
Step one, corncob, cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust heap fermentation：Corncob is crushed, and is mixed with cotton seed hulls, broad-leaved weed tree sawdust
It is even, by plant growth regulator spice soluble in water, Compost moisture content 50%, compost pile 1.5 meters~2.5 meters of bottom width,
High 0.8 meter~1.5 meters of trapezoidal stockpile, stockpile surface is clapped, and sprays clear water, is covered with plastic sheeting, when 35 centimetres of stockpile
Depths temperature reaches 18 hours more than 55 DEG C carries out first time turning, when the deep heap temperature of 35 centimetres of stockpile up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C get through gas
Hole, carries out second of turning in 18 hours, gets through stomata when 35 centimetres of deep heap temperature of stockpile are up to 55 DEG C~65 DEG C, terminates after 18 hours
Fermentation, dissipates heap, cooling；
Step 2, mechanical spice, by wheat bran or rice bran, bean powder, land plaster, wheat, red soil, peptone, yeast extract, grape
Sugar, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium butyrate, vitamin B1, vitamin C, agar are weighed up and put together in proportion, stainless
The corncob and wood chip that fermentation is added after dry mixing is uniform in steel container carry out spice；Sack filling machine is packed, and buckle is used after pack
Machine bag mouth sealing, loads compost；
Step 3, cultivating bag is covered sterilizing pond with one layer of awning film and one layer of tarpaulin after cultivating bag is put well in autoclave,
And wrapped sterilizing pond with rope, while awning film and tarpaulin edge are pressed into tight with stone or wooden stick；Then heat, 2~3 it is small often
Pressure sterilizing kettle temperature all sites all reach 100 DEG C, continue 5~8 hours, or in 1.5kg/cm2Under pressure keep 1.5h~
3.0h carries out autoclaving；Culture medium for cultivating is unanimous between the higher and lower levels in container after sterilizing, there is penetrating space between wheat, vexed pot of ceasing fire
Taken the dish out of the pot after 8 hours；
Inoculating tool, strain and cultivating bag, are first put into transfer room by step 4, and one hour in advance with the 5% saponated cresol aqueous solution
Spraying disinfection, after then opening ultraviolet lamp irradiation one hour, opens fluorescent lamp inoculation；Cultivating bag be cooled to normal temperature or 25 DEG C~
28 DEG C of inoculations；Calcination sterilizes on alcolhol burner flame before drilling device and inoculator inoculation, 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol of strain bag outer wall
Cleaning disinfection, one is dipped in clean towel and puts the inoculation position sterilization of miraculous cure agent wiping cultivating bag upper surface on the skin, every bag is made a call to 8 before punching
Cave, cave is deep 3 centimetres, takes out strain monoblock with inoculator and is put into cave, bagging is enclosed on cultivating bag after inoculation, one bag has been connect
Inoculator is inoculated after fire combustion incineration after strain, one bag of strain is inoculated with 30 bags~50 bags；
Step 5, first by indoor 800 times of methylpartricin sodium laurylsulfates or 5% saponated cresol aqueous solution spraying disinfection, pollution bacterium bag is chosen and taken
Outdoor processing；Good bacterium bag surface is dipped in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution and sterilized, and is scratched and takes off with knife, then is stood in out
Annesl management is carried out in bacterium canopy；
Step 6, is up to after the bacterium bag restocking of physiological maturity, increases the temperature difference；
Step 7, after inoculation, is put into transfer room by cultivation vial and carries out two ranks of mycelial growth phase and sporophore growth phase
The management of section.
5. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 4 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that the turning method is that stockpile is different
Direction is turned over, and first takes off down the compost of stockpile surface 20-25 cm thicks, and by the compost of middle indirect fermentation, in initial pile, homonymy is not piled
With stockpile stockpile of a size, stockpile intermediate recess, then the raw material on stockpile surface and bottom raw material are put into the middle of stockpile,
Top compost of indirect fermentation in is covered.
6. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 4 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that
The management method of the mycelial growth phase includes：
Material bottle after inoculation, is placed in cleaning, the environment of lucifuge and cultivates, keep air humidity 75%；
Starting stage, indoor temperature is kept for 18 DEG C~22 DEG C；After charge level is covered with Morciiella Esculeuta Mycelia, temperature is raised to 22 DEG C~25
DEG C, mycelia front cover after cultivating 10~15 days grew to bottom of bottle after 15~25 days, and mycelia has thorough grasp compost, completes nutrient growth rank
Section.
7. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 6 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that carry out the management of mycelial growth phase
When, after many aerial hyphaes occurs in mycelia, carry out the management of former base formation phase；Specifically include：
Thermal stimulation, daytime, room temperature control was at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Be 10 DEG C~12 DEG C in the evening, stimulates 5h~8h；
Light stimulation, intensity of illumination is in 100lx~300lx, daily illumination 8h.
8. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 4 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that the method for sporophore growth period management
Including：
After fructification is grown, sealed membrane is first pricked several holes, room temperature is controlled at 22 DEG C~25 DEG C；Intensity of illumination within 400lx,
Daily light application time is no less than 12h；Relative air humidity is maintained at 75%.
9. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 4 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that after one batch of hickory chick is harvested, by
Also there is nutriment in culture medium, keep the management of sporophore growth phase, carry out regrowth hair hickory chick management.
10. the method that Juncao as claimed in claim 4 cultivates medicinal fungus, it is characterised in that in the step 6, increases the temperature difference
For：5 DEG C~10 DEG C.
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| CN109496691A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 | Hickory chick culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109496682A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of hickory chick |
| CN110291919A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-10-01 | 四川三点水生物科技有限公司 | A kind of hickory chick implantation methods |
| US20230276748A1 (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-09-07 | Lohas Biotech Development Corp. | Pasture grass substrate and incubating methods of mushrooms |
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