CN107125174A - A kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development - Google Patents
A kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125174A CN107125174A CN201710579950.8A CN201710579950A CN107125174A CN 107125174 A CN107125174 A CN 107125174A CN 201710579950 A CN201710579950 A CN 201710579950A CN 107125174 A CN107125174 A CN 107125174A
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- blood clam
- mud blood
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- mud
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- 241001339782 Scapharca broughtonii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000026109 gonad development Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241001467333 Thraustochytriaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009278 visceral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001491687 Thalassiosira pseudonana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000016087 ovulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000224239 Tegillarca granosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002710 gonadal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development, is to feed thraustochytriale during mud blood clam parent shellfish culture to promote mud blood clam gonad development.The present invention in the mud blood clam parent shellfish culture stage by feeding thraustochytriale, and the gonad development speed for greatly accelerating mud blood clam effectively controls the egg-laying time of the close shellfish of mud blood clam, greatly facilitates the management of mud blood clam seed breeding production, the ovulation rate of the close shellfish of mud blood clam greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development.
Background technology
Mud blood clam (Tegillarca granosa), belongs to Mollusca, and Bivalvia, Taxodonta, blood clam section, blood clam belongs to, and is China
The traditional cultivated shellfish of southeastern coast.Since the eighties in last century, because going from bad to worse for paralic environment and the mankind relate to extra large work
Dynamic aggravation, the natural seeding, wild fry resource of mud blood clam increasingly lacks, and the seed needed for present mud blood clam cultivation is entirely from artificial training
Educate.
Mud blood clam normal mating period in summer, according to the difference of geographical distribution, from Guangdong, Guangxi to Shandong from late May to
Early August mud blood clam sequentially enters sexual maturing period.For the enterprise of industrial seedling rearing, outdoor natural maturity is utilized in production process
Mud blood clam has the following disadvantages as close shellfish：1st, gonad development is asynchronous, and spawning rate can not ensure；2nd, the close shellfish transport of high temperature season is tired
Difficulty, close shellfish survival rate declines and directly affects spawning；3rd, high temperature season harmful microorganism grows, and nursery success rate declines.Therefore,
There are Many researchers to carry out mud blood clam indoor culture accelerating technical research, stored up water temperature reinforcement microalgae by improving in the winter time
Feed progress mud blood clam accelerating.
But these accelerating methods are utilized, mud blood clam parent shellfish generally requires 2.5-3 months or so from room to sexual gland full maturity is entered,
Gonad development synchronism is undesirable, it is impossible to the ideal control mud blood clam sexual gland full maturity time.If the accelerating time can be shortened, together
When by sexual gland full maturity time control in an expected time range, it will help the reasonable arrangement production management of field man,
Greatly improve the ovulation rate of mud blood clam.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development, i.e., thrown during mud blood clam parent shellfish culture
Feed thraustochytriale to promote mud blood clam gonad development, so as to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
The method for the promotion mud blood clam gonad development that the present invention is provided, is to feed thraustochytriale during mud blood clam parent shellfish culture
To promote mud blood clam gonad development.
The method of the present invention, is that expected hatching of hastening parturition starts to feed thraustochytriale for first 1 month in parent shellfish culture；
The method of the present invention, it is comprised the following steps that：
1) thraustochytriale is collected：
By be collected by centrifugation after fermented and cultured after thraustochytriale, freeze-drying be deposited in it is standby in -20 DEG C of refrigerators；
2) the close shellfish selection of mud blood clam：
Selection individual is healthy and strong, coefficient of condition is good, 2 ages cultivation mud blood clam of the shell length more than 2.5cm is used as parent；
3) parent culture：
The close shellfish of the mud blood clam chosen is placed on and cultivated in cement pit, water temperature is controlled between 24-26 DEG C, culture density
1kg/m2；
Wherein the thick oozes of 5cm are laid at cement pit bottom；
Culture pond changes 50% or more culture water daily during parent culture；Change every time and bait is fed after water；Early stage
Mixing feeds the diatoms such as small diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, according to daily 3 × 105Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, to be fed；Before being hastened parturition
Start according to daily 1.5 × 10 within 30 days5Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, feeds diatom, while feeding thraustochytriale daily；
4) after the average coefficient of condition of sampling, which is more than 7.5%, more than half close shellfish visceral mass, all to be covered by sexual gland, it is transferred to
Continue to take out hatching of hastening parturition after cultivating 5-7 days in cement pit without bed mud.
The present invention greatly accelerates the gonad development speed of mud blood clam by feeding thraustochytriale in the mud blood clam parent shellfish culture stage
The egg-laying time of the close shellfish of mud blood clam is effectively controlled, the management of mud blood clam seed breeding production is greatly facilitated, mud blood clam greatly improved
The ovulation rate of close shellfish.
Embodiment
The method that the present invention promotes mud blood clam gonad development using thraustochytriale, in mud blood clam incubation incubation
Later-stage utilization feeds thraustochytriale instead of diatom bait, reaches the accurate control mud blood clam sexual gland full ripe time.
Bacterium of the present invention, algae, the cultural method and the hatching method of hastening parturition of mud blood clam of close shellfish, can be used disclosed
Cultural method.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with case study on implementation.
Embodiment 1：
The thraustochytriale that the present embodiment is used, by normal fermentation culture, after the density of bacterium is more than 30000cell/mL
It is collected by centrifugation, is vacuum-packed, is deposited in -20 DEG C of refrigerators after freeze-drying.
On 2 16th, 2017, from Fujian Zhaoan County aquaculture in tideland region picking individual is healthy and strong, coefficient of condition is good, shell length is more than
2.5cm 2 ages cultivation mud blood clam 120kg, is individually placed to the 4 of the shellfish seed breeding of Bao Zhi Aqua Sciences Inc. of Fujian Province
Mouth 30m2Cement pit in whole inflation accelerating culture.5cm or so ooze is covered with bottom of pond in advance, every mouthful of pond is put into 30kg mud
Blood clam.Water temperature, according to daily 1-2 DEG C of speed, is increased to 24 DEG C in one week or so by water salinity 25%, initial 16 DEG C of water temperature
More than, control water temperature is not less than 24 DEG C no more than 26 DEG C.Water 50% is changed daily, point 3 progress are changed and bait is fed after water.Early stage
Mixing feeds the diatoms such as small diatom, Thalassiosira pseudonana, according to daily 3 × 105Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, to be fed.
March 20 started, wherein 2 mouthfuls of ponds are according to daily 1.5 × 105Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, feeds diatom bait, with the time-division 3
Secondary plus throwing thraustochytriale, every mouthful of pond feeds 500g thraustochytriales every time；Other two mouthfuls of ponds are still whole all to feed diatom bait.
April 15 was inspected by random samples, plus the average coefficient of condition of the close shellfishes of 2 pond mud blood clams of throwing thraustochytriale reaches 7.8%, 2/3 mud blood clam
Close shellfish visceral mass is completely covered by sexual gland, and other 1/3 also see obvious gonad development, and obvious salmon pink is presented in female shellfish color, male
Milky is presented in shellfish；And the average coefficient of condition of the whole close shellfish in 2 ponds for all feeding diatom bait only has 6.9%, visceral mass is by sexual gland
The not enough half of the close shellfish of mud blood clam being completely covered, or even the close shellfish for having 1/4 or so yet there are no obvious gonad development.It can be seen that, break capsule kettle
Bacterium has obvious facilitation to mud blood clam gonad development.
The mud blood clam for adding the wherein a bite pond for throwing thraustochytriale is taken out from bed mud, other a bite is transferred to after cleaning up same
In the pond of sample size, bottom of pond no longer puts into any attachment base, and other way to manages are as before.
April 20 added 2 mouthfuls the close shellfish of the mud blood clam for throwing thraustochytriale respectively to take out, and cleans, is placed on basket of hastening parturition and is built in the moon
Liang Chu is dried in the shade 6 hours, and most mud blood clam bivalve is opened when drying in the shade, and foot stretches out, and observes visible, April 15 was transferred to no attachment base
The close shellfish of mud blood clam, all close shellfish visceral masses are completely covered by sexual gland, and sexual gland is full, and has been extended to sufficient base portion；And one
Straight to be placed on that the mud blood clam gonadal maturation degree cultivated in bed mud is substantially not enough, sexual gland extends to the close shellfish of sufficient base portion less than 50%.
Close shellfish be put into after drying in the shade 27 DEG C, the extra large Aeration in the water of salinity 20% hasten parturition hatching, close shellfish is removed after no longer ovulating
Count, be transferred to close 13.1 hundred million, the shellfish common property ovum of mud blood clam of no attachment base on April 15, the abnormal completely rear co-variation state that counts goes out D-shaped
Larva 11.6 hundred million, distortion ratio 88.5%；And the mud blood clam cultivated in bed mud only 9.3 hundred million ovum of output are consistently placed at, metamorphosis goes out
7.2 hundred million are treated D-shaped larva, distortion ratio 77.4%, it is seen then that the close shellfish egg laying amount of mud blood clam and distortion ratio for shifting to an earlier date 5 days before hastening parturition are obvious
Increase.
It has been found that during mud blood clam parent shellfish culture, it is impossible to too early plus throwing thraustochytriale accelerating, to shift to an earlier date 1 month
Left and right can just feed thraustochytriale.And start plus must fully ensure that 50% quantity of exchanged water after throwing thraustochytriale.Moreover,
Plan is hastened parturition first 5-7 days of hatching the close shellfish of mud blood clam culture in clean water body is moved out to from bed mud, can further speed up mud blood clam
The maturity of sexual gland, it is ensured that the quality of hatching ovum, can effectively improve incubation rate.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of promotion mud blood clam gonad development, it is characterised in that described method is during mud blood clam parent shellfish culture
Thraustochytriale is fed to promote mud blood clam gonad development.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described method is to make a reservation for hasten parturition in parent shellfish culture before hatching
Start within 1 month to feed thraustochytriale.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described method is comprised the following steps that：
1) thraustochytriale is collected：
By be collected by centrifugation after fermented and cultured after thraustochytriale, freeze-drying be deposited in it is standby in -20 DEG C of refrigerators；
2) the close shellfish selection of mud blood clam：
Selection individual is healthy and strong, coefficient of condition is good, 2 ages cultivation mud blood clam of the shell length more than 2.5cm is used as parent；
3) parent culture：
The close shellfish of the mud blood clam chosen is placed on and cultivated in culture pond, water temperature is controlled between 24-26 DEG C, culture density 1kg/m2；
Culture pond culture daily water during parent culture；Change every time and bait is fed after water；Early stage mixing feeds diatom, according to every
It 3 × 105Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, to be fed；Start according to daily 1.5 × 10 within 30 days before being hastened parturition5Cell/mL, which divides 3 times, to be fed
Diatom, while feeding thraustochytriale daily；
4) after the average coefficient of condition of sampling, which is more than 7.5%, more than half close shellfish visceral mass, all to be covered by sexual gland, it is transferred to bottomless
Continue to take out hatching of hastening parturition after cultivating 5-7 days in the cement pit of mud.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the bottom of wherein culture pond is equipped with ooze.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the thickness of described ooze is 5cm or more.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described changes water, its quantity of exchanged water is 50% or more.
7. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described diatom is small diatom and/or Thalassiosira pseudonana.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710579950.8A CN107125174B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Method for promoting gonad development of blood clam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710579950.8A CN107125174B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Method for promoting gonad development of blood clam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107125174A true CN107125174A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| CN107125174B CN107125174B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
Family
ID=59737949
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710579950.8A Active CN107125174B (en) | 2017-07-17 | 2017-07-17 | Method for promoting gonad development of blood clam |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110946099A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-03 | 宁波大学 | Method for improving breeding yield of bivalve offspring seeds |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102160604A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-08-24 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Schizochytrium aggregatum powder additive and application thereof to seedling cultivation, aquiculture and culture of poultry and livestock |
| CN105053644A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Application of schizochytrium limacinum wall-breaking cell wall slurry on aquatic product fry seed production |
| US20170143647A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2017-05-25 | The Doshisha | Intestinal flora improving composition containing astaxanthin and its use |
-
2017
- 2017-07-17 CN CN201710579950.8A patent/CN107125174B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102160604A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2011-08-24 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Schizochytrium aggregatum powder additive and application thereof to seedling cultivation, aquiculture and culture of poultry and livestock |
| US20170143647A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2017-05-25 | The Doshisha | Intestinal flora improving composition containing astaxanthin and its use |
| CN105053644A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 厦门汇盛生物有限公司 | Application of schizochytrium limacinum wall-breaking cell wall slurry on aquatic product fry seed production |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 于瑞海等: "《我国海产经济贝类苗种生产技术》", 31 December 2016, 中国海洋大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110946099A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-03 | 宁波大学 | Method for improving breeding yield of bivalve offspring seeds |
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