CN107118009B - Lyricum serricepaper sand culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for sand culture of lysimachia capillipes, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly sowing seeds on a sandy culture medium, carrying out seed germination, and germinating to seedlings in a trefoil stage; (2) transplanting the seedlings in the three-leaf stage into river sand, cultivating for 50-60 days, and spraying diluted nutrient solution in the period to obtain transplanted seedlings; (3) transplanting the transplanted seedlings into river sand with the thickness of 20-30 cm, cultivating for 3-6 months, spraying diluted nutrient solution during the cultivation period, and harvesting adult plants; the method can obviously improve the survival rate of the lysimachia solenoides sand culture by selecting the transplanting mode in the special period of the growth of the lysimachia solenoides, can prevent overlarge damage to roots in the period of transplanting in the three-leaf period, which is the period before the tillering of roots of the lysimachia solenoides seedlings, has stronger survival capacity of the seedlings in the period, passes the rapid growth period of the germination process, and reduces the influence of the transplanting process on the growth of the seedlings.

Description

Lyricum serricepaper sand culture method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for sand culture of lysimachia and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation.

Background

Grass is a grass with wide adaptability. The soil is resistant to early and cold, and can endure slight salinization soil. Physiological characteristics of early spring germination, generally turning green from the end of 3 months to the beginning of 4 months, heading in the last ten days of 5 months, flowering in 6-7 months, and seed heat in 7-8 months. The growth form of the material greatly changes with the environment. In a dry or heavily-salinized habitat, the plant grows short and sometimes only has 3 to 4 pieces of basal leaves, but grows in a place with better moisture condition and lighter salinization degree (valley fluvial plain wasteland or ditch edge), can grow into a luxuriant stand and can rapidly propagate with strong roots and stems to become an independent dominant community. The leaf layer can be as high as 30-40 cm, and can be used for normal ear-picking and flowering, but the fruit setting rate is poor, and many florets are infertile, so that the seed collection is difficult.

The lysimachia is a middle-arid plant, but the adaptation range is quite wide, and the lysimachia is distributed from forest grassland in a warm temperature zone and a middle temperature zone to hay land, desert grassland and grassland desertification, and even a high-cold zone of more than 4500 meters. The ecological restoration method is slightly moist and drought-resistant, can adapt to the slightly salinized habitat, and has wider habitat adaptability to temperature and soil factors than the same genus of Chinese wildrye (Aneulerepidiumchinense). On salinized meadow soil in low-lying beach, river valley and lakeside of inner Mongolia dry grassland, it is often formed into salinized meadow by Suaeda sp, Elymusdhuhorus, Chenopodium glaucum (Chenopodium glaucum), and Salsolaclina collina (Salsolalactiolina). The soil suitable for grass growth is wide in sandy soil, sandy soil and loam; chestnut calcium soil, fresh chestnut calcium soil, dark lode soil, gray calcium soil, fresh gray calcium soil, gray desert soil and salinized meadow soil can be distributed.

The grass has strong asexual reproduction ability, not only has strong stress resistance, but also has high nutritive value and economic value, is high-quality improved pasture required by animal husbandry, and is planted in a large area in a pasture; in addition, because grass has a developed root system, the grass is also an important vegetation for wind prevention, sand fixation, water and soil conservation. However, because the lysimachia grass grows in alpine meadows and grasslands mostly, the diffusion range of plant rootstock is large, and the setting rate is low, so that the research on the development of the rootstock of the lysimachia grass and the integrity of the rootstock of the lysimachia grass has important significance for the expansion and popularization of the planting of the lysimachia grass.

The existing soil culture method is not beneficial to observing the rootstocks, and meanwhile, the rootstocks are difficult to collect by soil culture and are easy to damage; in the process of researching the development of plant rootstocks, a plurality of advanced methods such as water culture, transparent culture medium, sand culture and the like are invented.

Chinese patent document CN106233955A (application No. 201610606979.6) discloses a method for planting zoysia lawn by using river sand as a matrix, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing a terrace bed; (2) covering with river sand; (3) collecting stolons and upright stems of zoysia plants; (4) planting grass stems; (5) managing after planting: 1) watering; 2) topdressing; 3) and (6) trimming.

However, the method is narrow in application range, is suitable for some plants with small roots and easily collected rootstocks, and the rootstock net of the lysimachia capillipes is complicated and has more tillers, strong transverse rootstocks, large occupied space and high input cost. Therefore, finding a grass cultivation method which is simple and practical to operate, practical and easy to collect roots and stems becomes a main technical problem for expanding and popularizing grass planting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for sand culture of grass and aims at the complement of the prior art. The method is simple and practical, and solves the problems that the integrity of rhizomes cannot be maintained and the lysimachia is not easy to survive in the existing culture method.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for sand culture of grass Lai comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly sowing seeds on a sandy cultivation medium with the sowing depth of 0.4-0.6 cm, spraying and watering, keeping the medium moist, germinating the seeds under the conditions of 24-26 ℃, illuminating for 10-14 h every day, cultivating for 20-30 days, and germinating to seedlings in the three-leaf period;

(2) transplanting the three-leaf-stage seedlings germinated from the seeds in the step (1) into river sand with the thickness of 20-30 cm, transplanting the seedlings to the depth of 4-6 cm, cultivating the seedlings for 50-60 days under the illumination condition of 24-26 ℃ and 10-14 h per day, spraying 100-time diluted nutrient solution once every 14-16 days, wherein the spraying amount is 3950-4050 ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²Obtaining transplanted seedlings;

(3) transplanting the transplanted seedlings obtained in the step (2) into river sand with the thickness of 20-30 cm, transplanting the seedlings to the depth of 4-6 cm, cultivating the seedlings at 28 ℃ for 3-6 months, spraying 20-time diluted nutrient solution once every 14-16 days, wherein the spraying amount is 3950-4050 ml/m calculated by the diluted nutrient solution²Harvesting adult plants;

the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

900-1100 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 480-550 mg/L of potassium nitrate, 90-110 mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 180-220 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.2-6.4.

According to the invention, the seeds in the step (1) are preferably seeds with the particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm and the thousand seed weight of 3.1-3.5 g.

According to the invention, the lowest part of the sandy cultivation substrate in the step (1) is a permeable partition plate with the height of 3-5 cm, a sand separation net is laid above the partition plate, and river sand with the particle size of 0.4-1 mm and the thickness of 8-15 cm is laid above the sand separation net.

According to the invention, the nutrient solution preferably comprises the following components:

1000mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate, 100mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.3.

Advantageous effects

1. According to the invention, the survival rate of the lysimachia solenoides sand culture can be obviously improved by selecting a transplanting mode in a special period of the growth of the lysimachia solenoides, the transplanting is carried out in a three-leaf period, the period is a period before the tillering of the root system of the lysimachia solenoides seedling, the overlarge damage to the root can be prevented, meanwhile, the survival capacity of the seedling is stronger in the period, the rapid growth period of the germination process is passed, and the influence of the transplanting process on the growth of the seedling is reduced;

2. the nutrient solution is specifically prepared according to the demand of the transplanted lysimachia capillipes hemsl for nutrients, so that the survival rate of the lysimachia capillipes hemsl sand culture can be remarkably improved;

drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of the roots of a portion of a sample taken after the first transplantation of example 1 with an average root length;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of the roots of a portion of the sample taken after the first transplanting of comparative example 3 for the average root length;

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

A method for sand culture of grass Lai comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly sowing seeds with the particle size of 1.0mm and the thousand seed weight of 3.3g on a sandy cultivation medium, placing the cultivation medium in a polypropylene resin planting pot with the sowing depth of 0.5 cm and the length of 50 cm, 50 cm and 30 cm, spraying and watering, keeping the medium moist, germinating the seeds, irradiating the seeds for 12 hours every day under the germination condition of 25 ℃, cultivating the seeds for 25 days, and germinating the seedlings to a three-leaf stage;

a permeable partition plate with the height of 4 cm is arranged at the lowest part of the sandy culture medium, a sand separation net is laid above the partition plate, and river sand with the particle size of 0.8mm and the thickness of 10 cm is laid above the sand separation net;

(2) transplanting the trefoil stage seedlings germinated from the seeds in the step (1) into river sand with the thickness of 20 cm, wherein the transplanting depth is 5 cm, the seedlings are cultivated for 55 days at 25 ℃ under the illumination of 12h every day, and during the cultivation, 100-time diluted nutrient solution is sprayed once every 14 days, and the spraying amount is 4000ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²Obtaining transplanted seedlings;

(3) transplanting the transplanted seedling obtained in the step (2) into river sand with the thickness of 20 cm, transplanting the seedling to the depth of 5 cm, cultivating the seedling for 6 months at the temperature of 28 ℃, spraying 20 times diluted nutrient solution once every 14 days, and spraying 4000ml/m of the diluted nutrient solution²Harvesting adult plants;

the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

1000mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate, 100mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.3.

Example 2

The method for sand culture of lysimachia as described in example 1, except that the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

1100mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 480mg/L of potassium nitrate, 110mg/L of ammonium nitrate and 180mg/L of monopotassium phosphate, and the pH value is 6.4.

Example 3

The method for sand culture of lysimachia as described in example 1, except that the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

900mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 550mg/L of potassium nitrate, 90mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 220mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.2.

Example 4

The method of grass lyre sand culture as described in example 1, except that the steps are as follows:

(1) uniformly sowing seeds with the particle size of 0.8mm and the thousand seed weight of 3.1g on a sandy cultivation medium, placing the cultivation medium in a polypropylene resin planting pot with the sowing depth of 0.6 cm and the length of 50 cm, 50 cm and 30 cm, spraying and watering, keeping the medium moist, germinating the seeds, irradiating 14 hours per day under the germination condition of 26 ℃, cultivating for 25 days, and germinating to seedlings in the three-leaf period;

a permeable partition plate with the height of 4 cm is arranged at the lowest part of the sandy culture medium, a sand separation net is laid above the partition plate, and river sand with the particle size of 0.4 mm and the thickness of 8 cm is laid above the sand separation net;

(2) transplanting the trefoil stage seedlings germinated from the seeds in the step (1) into river sand with the thickness of 30 cm, wherein the transplanting depth is 6 cm, the seedlings are cultivated for 50 days at 26 ℃ under the illumination of 14h every day, and during the cultivation, 100-time diluted nutrient solution is sprayed once every 16 days, and the spraying amount is 4000ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²Obtaining transplanted seedlings;

(3) transplanting the transplanting seedlings obtained in the step (2) into river sand with the thickness of 30 cm, wherein the transplanting depth is 6 cm, cultivating for 6 months at 28 ℃, spraying 20-time diluted nutrient solution once every 16 days, and the spraying amount is 4000ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²And harvesting the adult plants.

Example 5

The method of grass lyre sand culture as described in example 1, except that the steps are as follows:

(1) uniformly sowing seeds with the particle size of 1.2mm and the thousand seed weight of 3.5g on a sandy cultivation medium, placing the cultivation medium in a polypropylene resin planting pot with the sowing depth of 0.4 cm and the length of 50 cm, 50 cm and 30 cm, spraying and watering, keeping the medium moist, germinating the seeds, irradiating the seeds for 10 hours every day under the germination condition of 24 ℃, cultivating the seeds for 27 days, and germinating the seedlings to a three-leaf stage;

a permeable partition plate with the height of 4 cm is arranged at the lowest part of the sandy culture medium, a sand separation net is laid above the partition plate, and river sand with the particle size of 1 mm and the thickness of 8 cm is laid above the sand separation net;

(2) transplanting the trefoil stage seedlings germinated from the seeds in the step (1) into river sand with the thickness of 20 cm, wherein the transplanting depth is 4 cm, illuminating at 24 ℃ for 10h every day, cultivating for 60 days, spraying 100-time diluted nutrient solution once every 12 days, and spraying the diluted nutrient solutionThe application amount is 4000ml/m²Obtaining transplanted seedlings;

(3) transplanting the transplanted seedling obtained in the step (2) into river sand with the thickness of 20 cm, wherein the transplanting depth is 4 cm, cultivating for 3 months at 28 ℃, spraying 20-time diluted nutrient solution once every 12 days, and the spraying amount is 4000ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²And obtaining adult plants.

Comparative example 1

The method of sand-culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that seedling transplantation is performed at the two-leaf stage after seed germination.

Comparative example 2

The method of sand-culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that seedling transplantation is performed at the four-leaf stage after seed germination.

Comparative example 3

The method for sand-culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that the dilution factor of the nutrient solution sprayed in step (2) was 80 times.

Comparative example 4

The method for sand-culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that the dilution factor of the nutrient solution sprayed in step (2) was 120 times.

Comparative example 5

The method of sand culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that the dilution factor of the nutrient solution sprayed in step (3) was 15 times.

Comparative example 6

The method of sand culture of rice grass as described in example 1, except that the dilution factor of the nutrient solution sprayed in step (3) was 25 times.

Comparative example 7

The rice straw sand culture method as described in example 1 is different in that the rice water culture nutrient solution disclosed in the prior art and having the closest genetic relationship with rice straw is adopted.

The water culture nutrient solution is obtained by mixing a macroelement stock solution and a microelement stock solution, the pH of the water culture nutrient solution is 5.5, 12.5mL of the microelement stock solution is added into every 10L of the macroelement stock solution, and when the microelement stock solution is prepared, the raw material components are dissolved respectively firstly and thenWith 50ml H₂SO₄Mixing, adding ddH₂O is diluted to 1L.

The paddy water culture nutrient solution comprises the following components:

TABLE 1

Examples of the experiments

Performing grass sand culture according to the methods of the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-7 respectively, wherein each group of the embodiments and the comparative examples is provided with three parallel groups, each group of 24 grass seeds is provided, the number of emergence days is counted when the seeds germinate to the height of 4 cm in one leaf period, the number of three leaf periods is counted when the seeds germinate to the three leaf period, the number of survival plants after transplantation is counted 30 days after transplantation, the root length after the first transplantation is counted 90 days after germination, 10 plants are immediately extracted from each group to measure the root length, weighted average is calculated to calculate the average root length after the first transplantation, the plant height and the root length are counted 260 days after germination, 10 plants are immediately extracted from each group to measure the plant height and the root length after the second transplantation, and the average plant height and the average root length after the second transplantation are calculated by weighted average; the results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

According to the data of the example 1 and the data of the comparative examples 1 and 2, the survival plant number is reduced remarkably after transplanting in the three-leaf stage, and researches show that the root can be prevented from being damaged excessively in the three-leaf stage of the lysimachia capillipes hemsl before the root system of the lysimachia capillipes hemsl is tillered quickly, the survival capability of the seedling in the period is high, the seedling passes the quick growth stage of the germination process, and the influence of the transplanting process on the growth of the seedling is reduced;

according to the data of the example 1 and the comparative examples 3 and 4, it can be seen that the seedling growth after the first transplantation is significantly influenced by the dilution factor of the nutrient solution being too large or too small, so that the root system grows slowly, but the root system can recover to grow quickly after the concentration of the nutrient solution favorable for the growth of the lysimachia capillipes-sinensis is used after the second transplantation, but the length of the root system is still shorter than that of the root system of the example. FIG. 1 is a photograph of the rootstock length of grass of example 1, and FIG. 2 is a photograph of the rootstock length of grass of comparative example 3.

According to the data of the example 1 and the comparative examples 5 and 6, the seedling growth after the second transplanting is obviously influenced by the dilution factor of the nutrient solution which is too large or too small, so that the root system of the seedling grows slowly.

Claims (4)

1. A method for sand culture of grass lysine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) uniformly sowing seeds on a sandy cultivation medium with the sowing depth of 0.4-0.6 cm, spraying and watering, keeping the medium moist, germinating the seeds under the conditions of 24-26 ℃, illuminating for 10-14 h every day, cultivating for 20-30 days, and germinating to seedlings in the three-leaf period;

(2) transplanting the three-leaf-stage seedlings germinated from the seeds in the step (1) into river sand with the thickness of 20-30 cm, transplanting the seedlings to the depth of 4-6 cm, cultivating the seedlings for 50-60 days under the illumination condition of 24-26 ℃ and 10-14 h per day, spraying 100-time diluted nutrient solution once every 14-16 days, wherein the spraying amount is 3950-4050 ml/m in terms of the diluted nutrient solution²Obtaining transplanted seedlings;

(3) transplanting the transplanted seedlings obtained in the step (2) into river sand with the thickness of 20-30 cm, transplanting the seedlings to the depth of 4-6 cm, cultivating the seedlings at 28 ℃ for 3-6 months, spraying 20-time diluted nutrient solution once every 14-16 days, wherein the spraying amount is 3950-4050 ml/m calculated by the diluted nutrient solution²Harvesting adult plants;

the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

900-1100 mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 480-550 mg/L of potassium nitrate, 90-110 mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 180-220 mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.2-6.4.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seeds in step (1) are selected from seeds having a particle size of 0.8-1.2 mm and a thousand kernel weight of 3.1-3.5 g.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sandy cultivation substrate in the step (1) is a water-permeable partition plate 3-5 cm high at the bottom, a sand-separating net is laid above the partition plate, and river sand with the particle size of 0.4-1 mm and the thickness of 8-15 cm is laid above the sand-separating net.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution comprises the following components:

1000mg/L of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 500mg/L of potassium nitrate, 100mg/L of ammonium nitrate, 200mg/L of monopotassium phosphate and pH 6.3.

Images