CN107114165A - It is a kind of to make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period - Google Patents
It is a kind of to make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period Download PDFInfo
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- CN107114165A CN107114165A CN201710211818.1A CN201710211818A CN107114165A CN 107114165 A CN107114165 A CN 107114165A CN 201710211818 A CN201710211818 A CN 201710211818A CN 107114165 A CN107114165 A CN 107114165A
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- ball
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- mulch film
- brassica specie
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period the invention discloses a kind of.It is provided by the present invention to make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, comprise the following steps：(1) first layer mulch film is covered in the strain field planting of ball-shaped brassica specie；(2) on the basis of the step (1), in the Yellow River In The Middle And Lower Reaches, late December gives ball-shaped brassica specie strain covering second layer mulch film, removes the second layer mulch film mid-March.Method provided by the present invention is the key technology for promoting ball-shaped wild cabbage prematurity and improving wild cabbage hybrid seed yield, and cost is low, also solves ball-shaped wild cabbage florescence later problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vegetables seeding technique field, more particularly to a kind of make the side of ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period
Method.
Background technology
Wild cabbage (Brassica oleracea var.capitata L.) is one of big staple vegetable crop of China five,
Highly important effect is played in the vegetables year-round supply of China, is counted within 2006 according to the Ministry of Agriculture, national wild cabbage cultivated area reaches
93.73 ten thousand hectares.Precocious, mid-early maturity spring wild cabbage is based on ball-shaped, and autumn and winter wild cabbage also has part to be ball-shaped wild cabbage in recent years.Circle
Ball-type wild cabbage accounts for more than 50% in annual wild cabbage cultivated area, precocious ball-shaped spring wild cabbage because quality is excellent, pest and disease damage is few and
The favor of consumer is obtained, and the Area during Summer cultivation that can be cooled again in high mountain, harmful Culture in Summer on Higher Altitude, in the 8, dull season of September Vegetable Market
Played an important role in supply.Therefore, cultivated area expands year by year, and annual sowing quantity is also continuously increased.
Cabbage head is divided into oblate spheroid, ball and sharp ball three types.During the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds, oblate spheroid and sharp ball are bloomed
Early, typically in mid or late March bolting, April, early and middle ten dayses entered initial bloom stage, and the ball type wild cabbage florescence is compared with oblate spheroid and sharp ball type
In evening, initial bloom stage could be entered in mid or late April.
According to the experience of the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds for many years, the Shanxi of the Yellow River middle and lower reaches, Henan, the precocious ball-shaped wild cabbage in some areas of Shandong are in 8
Sowed at the beginning of month last ten-days period to September, plant strain and survived the winter in half strain state, typically mid or late April could into initial bloom stage, by the end of April 5
The moon is initially entered full-bloom stage, and at this moment temperature is generally near even more than 30 DEG C.The optimum temperature that the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds blooms, pollinate for 12~
25 DEG C, and in the case of higher than 25 DEG C, as temperature gos up, evaporation capacity is increased, pollen dehydration is more, it is difficult to sprouts and forms flower
Tube cell, thus setting percentage is gradually reduced, and is more difficult to higher than 30 DEG C normal solid.Usually every mu of seed production is less than 30 kilograms.Run into
Adverse weather or serious cold late spring, seed farm seed production are lower, only several kilograms to more than ten kilograms, have had a strong impact on circle
Breeding, the popularization of ball-type wild cabbage new varieties.Also one serious problems are exactly the Yellow River In The Middle And Lower Reaches, to early July late June
Rainwater gradually increases, and the strain of ball brassica specie is bloomed late, waits seed maturity, cloudy weather for several days running weather is likely to encounter during harvest, seed is caused
Go rotten, have a strong impact on germination percentage.
Cabbage head is a nutrition organs, and it is only bloomed by ability bolting after vernalization and photostage development, and
It is the plant for having passed through phasic development to plant strain, and only it could be used for the wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds.
The content of the invention
For promoting ball-shaped wild cabbage prematurity there is provided one kind to the demand of ball-shaped cabbage seed in production and improving sweet
The key technology of blue hybrid seed yield, this method cost is low, also solves ball-shaped wild cabbage florescence later problem.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
Make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period the invention provides a kind of, comprise the following steps：
(1) first layer mulch film is covered in the strain field planting of ball-shaped brassica specie；
(2) on the basis of the step (1), in the Yellow River In The Middle And Lower Reaches, late December is covered to the strain of ball-shaped brassica specie
Lid second layer mulch film, removes the second layer mulch film mid-March.
The ball-shaped wild cabbage is ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 04Z521-12 and/or ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 03Z01Z608-
1。
The thickness of the first layer mulch film is 0.01mm-0.012mm；The thickness of the second layer mulch film is 0.01mm-
0.012mm。
During the covering second layer mulch film, an aperture is opened on the mulch film at the top of ball-shaped brassica specie strain, is prevented
Only high temperature, high humidity cause the ball-shaped brassica specie strain to rot.
It is described to make ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, it is to instigate the strain of ball-shaped brassica specie at least to be bloomed within 7~10 days in advance.
Production of hybrid seeds brassica specie plant is general to cover first layer mulch film in field planting, can play soil moisture conservation and promote root system to go back in the winter time
There is less increment, such root system has enough liquid manure to absorb, normal operation and the safe overwintering of kind of strain overground part could be ensured
Effect.
Two layers of mulch film of covering are to promote main a kind of sedge and axillary bud to be grown faster in the microclimate environment changed
And by phasic development, be spring in next year to promote early bolting, prematurity to lay the first stone, it is to avoid it is acarpous tired under high temperature
Border.
Method provided by the present invention is the key technology for promoting ball-shaped wild cabbage prematurity and improving wild cabbage hybrid seed yield,
Cost is low, also solves ball-shaped wild cabbage florescence later problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is bloomed and compared with covering a tunic (right side) the kind strain next spring to cover two layers of mulch film (left side)；Middle row is male parent.
Fig. 2 is the kind strain growing state that two layers of mulch film is covered before surviving the winter.
Fig. 3 in the production of hybrid seeds ground covering one, two layers of mulch film kind strain situation, wherein A behaviors cover one layer of mulch film, and B is covers two
Layer mulch film.
Fig. 4 is compared to cover one layer of mulch film with covering two layers of mulch film florescence, wherein the non-overlay film of A behaviors, B behavior overlay films.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, the method for making ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period
In order to solve the technical barriers such as ball-shaped wild cabbage seed production florescence is late, seed production is relatively low, of low quality, from 2012
Rise, start to arrange the experiment of the technical measures such as two layers of mulch film of covering, make kind of a strain do sth. in advance to bloom, bloom more, and then reach raising circle
The purpose of ball-type wild cabbage hybrid seed yield and quality.
Material therefor：
Ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 04Z521-12, recording the non-patent literature of the kind is：Wild cabbage Dominant course material
Expect the research of Plantlet in vitro technology；《Tropical agricultural science》；2013,33 (7):35-39.
Ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 03Z01Z608-1, recording the non-patent literature of the kind is：Wild cabbage Dominant course
The research of materials in isolated Techniques of preserving；《Tropical agricultural science》2013,33 (7):35-39.
The wild cabbage cultivation area plantation ball-shaped wild cabbage of middle and lower reaches in the Yellow River, specific method is as follows：
Typically sowed at the beginning of September by the end of August, early and middle ten dayses field planting in October, seedling age is 6~7 leaves.Ploughed in the production of hybrid seeds leveling,
After fertilising, seeding row spacing on request is made into ridge, then spreading, be colonized, water.
Production of hybrid seeds brassica specie plant is general to cover first layer mulch film in field planting, can play soil moisture conservation and promote root system to go back in the winter time
There is less increment, such root system has enough liquid manure to absorb, normal operation and the safe overwintering of kind of strain overground part could be ensured
Effect.
Two layers of mulch film of covering are to promote main a kind of sedge and axillary bud to be grown faster in the microclimate environment changed
And by phasic development, be spring in next year to promote early bolting, prematurity to lay the first stone, it is to avoid it is acarpous tired under high temperature
Border.
The two layers of mulch film of covering in 2012 be with (1) 0.01mm (commercial terms is 1S), (2) 0.012mm (commercial terms is
1.2S) two kinds of mulch films, test effect makes advance flowering period be more or less the same, (2) than (1) prematurity 1 day or so, but area coverage reduces
, the use cost of unit area improves.1 day or so of prematurity, can pass through kind of strain training or the side of spray gibberellin
Method is solved.
Mulch film using 0.01mm non-uniform thickness in 2013, covers the arrangement of time three of two layers of mulch film：(1) early December；
(2) late December；(3) early January.Strain is planted after mulch film is covered, (1) the speed of growth is most fast for processing, (3) (2) processing also grow than processing
It is fast, due to (1) handling under the higher environmental condition of temperature, along with covering two layers of mulch film sealed environment, miniclimate will
Higher than under natural environment, humidity is also big more, such as leak informaton not in time cooling, moisture releasing, it is easy to cause kind of a strain generation soft rot.Place
Reason is (2) under the relatively low environment of temperature, but be also afraid of that clear sky is exposed to the sun day after day, and the sealed environment of two layers of mulch film of covering will also result in height
Warm high humidity, causes kind of strain to occur disease, it is therefore desirable to an aperture, reducing temperature and humidity are inserted above the kind strain of mulch film.If fine
In the case of in sky ten thousand, the intermembranous temperature in two layers of ground can be raised to 20~30 DEG C, or even taller, and the moisture in leaf-head is easy to draw
Balling-up leaf disease becomes and rotted.(3) in covering with plastic film, ground has frozen for processing, and on ground, film edge firming has been difficult to soil, and is not easy to
Pressure is tight, has part of leaking out, causes kind of strain to develop slower in two tunics, make advance flowering period impacted.
From the time of two layers of mulch film of covering, if from early December, three cover times of late December and early January
On see, the former is early due to the cover time, as a result grows the kind strain under covering with ground sheeting and has more all wrapped leaf-head rapidly, in order that kind
Strain can smooth bolting, the beginning of spring also needs to carry out three times to draw balls, otherwise plant strain cannot smooth bolting, just do not reach the florescence ahead of time yet
Purpose.Late December covers the kind strain of two layers of mulch film, after mid-March removes mulch film, smoothly bolting can bloom, and the florescence
The kind strain for less covering two layers of mulch film is early 10 days or so, and effect is best.Early January cover two layers of mulch film, plant strain develop the former compared with
Difference, the florescence only shifts to an earlier date 3~5 days, and effect is undesirable.The late December ground of the Yellow River middle and lower reaches will not also freeze, and be easy in the ground
Shoveling gland mulch film.If postponed till again by the end of December or at the beginning of 1 month, the operation of covering with plastic film is just inconvenient in the ground after the icing of ground
.
When film is removed preferably, and three processing are also scheduled in experiment：(1) early March；(2) mid-March；(3) by the end of March.
From the time for removing mulch film, experiment proves that the main a kind of sedge for removing the strain of mulch film kind in early March, by low temperature effect, makes
The bud on the main a kind of sedge top of strain is planted by freeze injury, the development of its apical growth is suppressed, does not reach the purpose for promoting advance flowering period；3
Although the middle of the month removes, mulch film bolting speed is also very fast, and temperature is higher by compared with the former, though main a kind of sedge also has by frost damage
May, but the extent of injury is also little.Remove by the end of March before film, temperature in the shed is higher to plant the main very fast frangibility of a kind of sedge draw speed of strain, no
Beneficial to pollination of blooming.
All areas that can be collected seed in open country, the typically late December before local ground is freeze-up carry out covering second layer mulch film
(Fig. 2), removes two layers of mulch film mid-March.
Enter before will being frozen on ground after the winter, directly second layer mulch film is covered again in kind of strain, only in mulch film edge pressure
Soil, prevents from being run by wind.Typically mulch film is removed in mid-March.In the case where temperature is higher, one is disclosed at the top of kind of strain small
Hole, prevents high temperature, high humidity from causing to rot.Two membranes cause the microclimate environment under low temperature, are conducive to kind of a strain to grow, the next spring
The strain of ball-shaped brassica specie can be made at least to bloom (Fig. 1) within 7~10 days in advance.
Pass through cover two layers of mulch film technical measures implementation, so that it may so that ball-shaped wild cabbage the Shanxi of the Yellow River middle and lower reaches, Henan,
The advance flowering period of Shandong some areas kinds strain thus has florescence of nearly 15~20 days to be in the gas of proper temperature to early and middle ten dayses in April
Wait in environment, seed also will significantly increase production.
Result of the test and analysis：
1 2013 years ball-shaped wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds plant winters of table, multiple two tunics were to florescence, yield effect
As it can be seen from table 1 two layers of mulch film of covering and one layer of mulch film of covering comparison (Fig. 3, Fig. 4), initial bloom stage shifts to an earlier date
10 days, full-bloom stage shifted to an earlier date 11 days, and single plant yield improves 13.5 grams, and production of hybrid seeds per mu yield improves 67%.
The table ball-shaped wild cabbage production of hybrid seeds in the 2. 2014 years two tunic florescences of covering compare application form
From table 2 it can be seen that two layers of mulch film of covering are done sth. in advance to play vital effect to the florescence.Same variety test
Do sth. in advance 9 days than control initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage does sth. in advance 10 days.
3 2014 years brassica specie strain two tunics of covering of table are to phenological period and the investigation statisticses table * * of yield effect
This table of * is that Henan seed breeding base average data collects and formed.
From table 3 it can be seen that the amount of blooming on April 20,25 days and the same day of investigation on May 1, covers the kind strain of two layers of mulch film
Daily every plant average than control increases by 125.4%, 9.3% and -25.1% flower amount respectively.Two layers of mulch film kind strain of this explanation covering
Flowers ending was had been enter into after April 25, this plays key effect to improving hybrid seed yield.- 25.1% explanation control kind strain
In evening at florescence, to full-bloom stage is just entered at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April, due to temperature rise, it is not suitable for pollination, solid.
As can also be seen from Table 3, being in mid-April the kind strain full-bloom stage for covering two layers of mulch film more, having entered at the beginning of 5 months by the end of April
Enter Flowers ending, although temperature gradually rises, also not too large is influenceed on hybrid seed yield.Just two layers of mulch film of strong explanation covering can for this
Promote kind of strain to be bloomed in the temperature environment that the suitable florescence pollinates many, solid many, increase substantially production of hybrid seeds seed production.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, comprise the following steps：
(1) first layer mulch film is covered in the strain field planting of ball-shaped brassica specie；
(2) on the basis of the step (1), in the Yellow River In The Middle And Lower Reaches, late December is to ball-shaped brassica specie strain covering the
Two layers of mulch film, remove the second layer mulch film mid-March.
2. according to claim 1 make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, it is characterised in that：
The ball-shaped wild cabbage is ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 04Z521-12 and/or ball-shaped head cabbage varieties 03Z01Z608-1.
3. according to claim 1 make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, it is characterised in that：The first layer
The thickness of mulch film is 0.01mm-0.012mm；The thickness of the second layer mulch film is 0.01mm-0.012mm.
4. according to claim 1 make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, it is characterised in that：The covering the
During two layers of mulch film, an aperture is opened on the mulch film at the top of ball-shaped brassica specie strain, prevents high temperature, high humidity from causing described
The strain of ball-shaped brassica specie is rotted.
5. according to claim 1 make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period, it is characterised in that：It is described to make ball
Type brassica specie strain advance flowering period, is to instigate the strain of ball-shaped brassica specie at least to be bloomed within 7~10 days in advance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710211818.1A CN107114165A (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | It is a kind of to make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710211818.1A CN107114165A (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | It is a kind of to make the method for ball-shaped brassica specie strain advance flowering period |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111480537A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for promoting early bolting and flowering of common head cabbage |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102037827A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-05-04 | 赵夫缘 | New technology of wide mulch planting |
| CN104641841A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 杨建太 | Film-mulching wild cabbage cultivation method |
| CN104920017A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 陈官 | Sugarcane planting method |
-
2017
- 2017-04-01 CN CN201710211818.1A patent/CN107114165A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102037827A (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-05-04 | 赵夫缘 | New technology of wide mulch planting |
| CN104641841A (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-05-27 | 杨建太 | Film-mulching wild cabbage cultivation method |
| CN104920017A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 陈官 | Sugarcane planting method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111480537A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-04 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for promoting early bolting and flowering of common head cabbage |
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Application publication date: 20170901 |