CN107097472A - 一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN107097472A
CN107097472A CN201710317144.3A CN201710317144A CN107097472A CN 107097472 A CN107097472 A CN 107097472A CN 201710317144 A CN201710317144 A CN 201710317144A CN 107097472 A CN107097472 A CN 107097472A
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operating coat
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CN107097472B (zh
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郑清树
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Nanning Techadhesion Baodi Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法，其中手术衣的衣身材料由内向外包括吸汗层、玻璃纤维层、PTFE层、熔融防水再生层和外表层；吸汗层采用长聚酯纤维制成；吸汗层上设置有由内至外向下倾斜的通孔；熔融防水再生层由防水材料制成，软化点为100℃～115℃；外表层采用涤棉混纺纱制成，外表层上涂覆有防水涂层；手术衣的衣身底部设置有吸收布条。本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣，在使用消毒剂的洗涤后，采用熨斗等方式进行处理后使手术衣表面的防水涂层重新生成，能够防止手术衣表面的防水涂层因为洗涤而消失的情况发生，保证了手术衣长期有效保持防渗透性能，本身拥有强力的抗菌效果及防止絮状物产生的功能，为使用者提供长期的安全保证。

Description

一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗用品技术领域，特别涉及一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法。
背景技术
医务人员在进入手术室的时候都需要换上手术衣，一方面为了保证手术室的洁净，阻止污物进入；另一方面医护人员在进行医疗救护中，不可避免地会接触到病人的血液与体液，病人的血液与体液往往可能携带病人的血液与体液往往可能携带包括HBV(肝炎B病毒)、HCV(肝炎C病毒)和HIV(艾滋病病毒)在内的各种病原体，换上手术衣也是为了阻隔带有病菌的血液或组织液溅到医护人员的身上，造成交叉感染。
手术衣在手术过程中起到双向防护作用。首先，手术衣在患者与医务人员之间建立一道屏障，手术过程中降低医务人员接触患者血液或者其它体液等潜在感染源的概率；其次，手术衣可以阻断在医务人员皮肤或衣服表面的各种细菌传播给手术患者。因此，手术衣的屏障功能被视为手术过程中降低感染风险的关键。
一般的手术衣干燥状态下能阻隔一定量的微生物，但在粘血或者潮湿的状态下，病原菌会通过体液渗透手术衣，手术衣也会因此完成失去防护性。现有的技术中通过在一层织物表面涂覆防水层，但在消毒剂等洗涤环境下，涂层会逐渐脱离，从而导致防水性不断衰减，一旦失去防水特性，手术衣的防渗透效果将大大降低，同时使手术衣表面织物的落絮增多，对手术安全造成极大威胁。
发明内容
为解决以上背景技术中提到的问题，本发明提供一种长效阻菌型手术衣及其使用方法，其中手术衣的衣身材料由内向外包括吸汗层、玻璃纤维层、PTFE层、熔融防水再生层和外表层；其中，
所述吸汗层采用长聚酯纤维制成；所述吸汗层上设置有由内至外向下倾斜的通孔；
所述熔融防水再生层由防水材料制成，且软化点为100℃～115℃；
所述外表层采用涤棉混纺纱制成，且所述外表层上涂覆有防水涂层；
所述手术衣的衣身底部设置有吸收布条。
进一步地，所述通孔的孔径大小为0.05mm～0.1mm。
进一步地，所述吸收布条内设置有活性炭颗粒。
进一步地，所述吸收布条采用魔术贴与手术衣的衣身底部连接。
进一步地，所述熔融防水再生层采用如下重量份的原料制成：
进一步地，所述聚氨酯为热塑型聚氨酯，且软化点为95℃～115℃。
进一步地，设有所述熔融防水再生层的手术衣包括以下制备方法：
A、将松香甘油酯在130℃～160℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入聚乳酸纤维和聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌30min～50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在100℃～120℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在85℃～95℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入纳米氧化银和脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃～95℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，覆盖所述外表层于混合物M3涂层上后，再至0℃～10℃下，冷却80min～120min，即得到设有所述熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣。
本发明还提供一种如上任意所述的长效阻菌型手术衣的使用方法，包括以下使用步骤：
S1、将长效阻菌型手术衣经过消毒液浸泡洗涤后，晾干；
S2、将晾干后的长效阻菌型手术衣放置在平整的表面上；
S3、采用熨斗在100℃～125℃下对长效阻菌型手术衣进行加热熨平处理10min～20min；
S4、将经过加热熨平处理的长效阻菌型手术衣至于0℃～10℃下，冷却20min～30min，长效阻菌型手术衣即可进行下一次穿着使用。
本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣，在使用消毒剂的洗涤后，采用熨斗等方式进行处理后使手术衣表面的防水涂层重新生成，能够防止手术衣表面的防水涂层因为洗涤而消失的情况发生，保证了手术衣长期有效保持防渗透性能，且本身拥有强力的抗菌效果以及防止絮状物产生的功能，为使用者提供长期的安全保证。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣的衣身面料结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣中设置吸收布条的结构示意图。
附图标记：
10吸汗层 20玻璃纤维层 40PTFE层
50熔融防水再生层 60外表层 11通孔
70吸收布条 71活性炭颗粒
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供一种长效阻菌型手术衣，如图1所示，手术衣的衣身材料由内向外包括吸汗层10、玻璃纤维层20、PTFE层40、熔融防水再生层50和外表层60；其中，所述吸汗层10采用长聚酯纤维制成；所述吸汗层10上设置有由内至外向下倾斜的通孔11；所述熔融防水再生层50由防水材料制成，且软化点为110℃～120℃；所述外表层60采用涤棉混纺纱制成，且所述外表层60上涂覆有防水涂层；所述手术衣的衣身底部设置有吸收布条70(如图2所示)。
具体地，长聚酯纤维具有良好的吸水性，作为手术衣内部的吸汗层能够将使用者产生的汗液或汗液蒸汽吸收，从而保持使用者穿着时的干爽。吸汗层上设置有由内至外向下倾斜的通孔对汗液的排放具有导向作用，能够使汗液向手术衣的玻璃纤维层流动，且保持向下的流向，一方面不使汗液与穿着者的身体摩擦而重新污染使用者的身体，另一方面，当汗液接触不吸汗的玻璃纤维层时，汗液流动受阻进而向下流动，因此，由内至外向下倾斜通孔的设置能够使汗液向内侧且向下流动的同时不造成汗液对使用者的重新污染。
PTFE层具有良好的防水透气性，既能够防止外部的液体深入内部，也能够防止内部的汗液渗透到手术衣外表面，保证了手术衣良好的防护性。
外表层采用涤棉混纺纱制成，且所述外表层上涂覆有防水涂层，能够防止溅落至手术衣表面的血液或其它污染性液体渗透进入手术衣内部。
手术衣的衣身底部设置有吸收布条能够将沿着手术衣外表面的血液等污染性液体和沿着手术衣内侧向下流动的汗液吸收，从而防止滴落至地面从而造成污染。
熔融防水再生层由防水材料制成，且软化点为100℃～115℃。一般的，手术衣在采用消毒剂洗涤后，防水层会脱离，这将造成手术衣的防渗透效果大大降低，当血液或其它污染性液体接触手术衣表面后将会渗入手术衣内部，进而对使用者的安全造成威胁。本发明提供的熔融防水再生层熔点为100℃～115℃，当手术衣经过洗涤一定次数后，用熨斗等工具将在100℃～125℃的温度下对手术衣进行熨平处理，在熨平处理过程中，熔融防水再生层软化后重新涂覆在外表层上，熨平处理完之后，将长效阻菌型手术衣至于0℃～10℃下，冷却20min～30min，即可在外表层上重新涂覆上防水层，从而使外表层能够重新具备防水效果。根据实际情况，本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣可在每使用20次～40次后，进行一次熨平处理，从而保证了手术衣的长期防渗透性，同时熔融防水再生层将外表层包覆后也减少了絮状物的产生。
本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣，在使用消毒剂的洗涤后，采用熨斗等方式进行处理后使手术衣表面的防水涂层重新生成，能够防止手术衣表面的防水涂层因为洗涤而消失的情况发生，保证了手术衣长期有效保持防渗透性能，且本身拥有强力的抗菌效果以及防止絮状物产生的功能，为使用者提供长期的安全保证。
优选地，所述通孔11的孔径大小为0.05mm～0.1mm。该孔径大小能够有效对汗液进行吸收和引流。
优选地，所述吸收布条70内设置有活性炭颗粒71。活性炭颗粒具有极强的吸附能力，且吸附容量大，能够保证沿着手术衣流下的液体被完全吸附，从而防止二次污染的发生。
优选地，所述吸收布条70采用魔术贴与手术衣的衣身底部连接。由于吸收布条70起到对血液、汗液等污染液体吸收的作用，因此也是血液、汗液等污染液体的驻留区，采用魔术贴将吸收布条70与手术衣的衣身连接，使得吸收布条70能够进行自由更换，从而保证手术衣的安全性。
进一步地，所述熔融防水再生层采用如下重量份的原料制成：
优选地，所述聚氨酯为热塑型聚氨酯，且软化点为95℃～115℃。
具体地，采用少量的聚乳酸纤维作为熔融防水再生层的加强体，能够使熔融防水再生层间各组分更好地结合；脱乙酰甲壳素具有良好的吸附性，能够将纳米氧化银结合，同时脱乙酰甲壳素和纳米氧化银具有优异的抗菌作用，能够进一步保证手术衣在接触细菌时对细菌进行杀灭，起到了安全屏障的作用，此外脱乙酰甲壳素本身具有的还原性能够使手术衣在接触氧化性的消毒剂时，对熔融防水再生层起到保护作用，防止防水材料受到消毒剂的损害；锐钛型纳米二氧化钛具有防辐射的功能，能够保护使用者在医院的辐射区减少辐射的影响，同时也具有一定的防污和除臭效果，也能够起到一定抗氧化作用。热塑型聚氨酯的软化点为95℃～115℃，使得熔融防水再生层的防水再生功能得以实现，当使用熨斗等工具将在100℃～125℃的温度下对手术衣进行熨平处理时，借助松香甘油酯的沾黏性以及在100℃～125℃软化的性质，且热塑型聚氨酯具有一定的受热膨胀性，当受热时能够促进熔融防水再生层溢出并重新覆盖手术衣的外表面层，为手术衣的外表面层重新覆盖一层防水层，从而保证了手术衣具有长效防护的作用，同时能够减少絮状物的产生，保证了使用者及手术过程中的安全性。
优选地，设有所述熔融防水再生层的手术衣包括以下制备方法：
A、将松香甘油酯在130℃～160℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入聚乳酸纤维和聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌30min～50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在100℃～120℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在85℃～95℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入纳米氧化银和脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃～95℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，覆盖所述外表层于混合物M3涂层上后，再至0℃～10℃下，冷却80min～120min，即得到设有所述熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣。
以上制备方法采用温度逐渐递减的进行添加各组分的混合方法，最后在低温的环境中进行冷却处理，能够使熔融防水再生层一方面与PTFE层以及外表层牢固结合，同时将熔融防水再生层中的杀菌物质有效地锁定在其中，不至于发生脱离现象。
一种如上任意所述的长效阻菌型手术衣的使用方法，包括以下使用步骤：
S1、将长效阻菌型手术衣经过消毒液浸泡洗涤后，晾干；
S2、将晾干后的长效阻菌型手术衣放置在平整的表面上；
S3、采用熨斗在100℃～125℃下对长效阻菌型手术衣进行加热熨平处理10min～20min；
S4、将经过加热熨平处理的长效阻菌型手术衣至于0℃～10℃下，冷却20min～30min，长效阻菌型手术衣即可进行下一次穿着使用。
本发明提供以下实施例：
实施例1、
将长聚酯纤维制成的吸汗层、玻璃纤维层和PTFE层缝合连接，涂覆熔融防水再生层，其中涂覆熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣包括如下制备方法：
A、将16份松香甘油酯在140℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入3份聚乳酸纤维和12份聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在110℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入7份锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在90℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入5份纳米氧化银和4份脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，将外表层于混合物M3涂层上，至0℃～10℃下，冷却120min，即得到长效阻菌型手术衣实施例1。
实施例2、
将长聚酯纤维制成的吸汗层、玻璃纤维层和PTFE层缝合连接，涂覆熔融防水再生层，其中涂覆熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣包括如下制备方法：
A、将20份松香甘油酯在140℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入5份聚乳酸纤维和18份聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在110℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入6份锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在90℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入5份纳米氧化银和15份脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，将外表层于混合物M3涂层上，至0℃～10℃下，冷却120min，即得到长效阻菌型手术衣实施例2。
实施例3、
将长聚酯纤维制成的吸汗层、玻璃纤维层和PTFE层缝合连接，涂覆熔融防水再生层，其中涂覆熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣包括如下制备方法：
A、将24份松香甘油酯在140℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入5份聚乳酸纤维和15份聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在110℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入8份锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在90℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入3份纳米氧化银和15份脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，将外表层于混合物M3涂层上，至0℃～10℃下，冷却120min，即得到长效阻菌型手术衣实施例3。
对比例1、现有技术中的涂有防水层的涤棉混纺手术衣并进行熨平处理。
对比例2、现有技术中的涂有防水层的涤棉混纺手术衣不进行熨平处理。
以上实施例和对比例的手术衣尺寸以及面料厚度一样且初始防水涂层均保持一致，将以上实施例和对比例的手术衣将进行20次、40次、60次洗涤，其中实施例1～3与对比例1在洗涤20次、40次、60次后，分别在105℃下熨平处理15min，对比例2不进行熨平处理，采用的洗涤剂种类和用量相同；实施例和对比例处理后的手术衣进行测试，测试结果如表一所示：
表一
由表一可以看出，本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣与现有技术相比，能够在进行多次洗涤后仍然具有优良的抑菌率、高强的阻微生物穿透性以及较低的落絮数。通过对比例1和2对比可以排除由于熨斗熨烫对测试结果产生的影响。因此，可以看出，本发明提供的长效阻菌型手术衣能够在进行多次采用洗涤剂洗涤的情况下仍能保持优异的防护效果，能够对使用者的健康安全起到高效的保护效果。
尽管本文中较多的使用了诸如吸汗层、玻璃纤维层、PTFE层、熔融防水再生层、外表层、通孔、活性炭颗粒等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于：手术衣的衣身材料由内向外包括吸汗层、玻璃纤维层、PTFE层、熔融防水再生层和外表层；其中，
所述吸汗层采用长聚酯纤维制成；所述吸汗层上设置有由内至外向下倾斜的通孔；
所述熔融防水再生层由防水材料制成，且软化点为100℃～115℃；
所述外表层采用涤棉混纺纱制成，且所述外表层上涂覆有防水涂层；
所述手术衣的衣身底部设置有吸收布条。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于：所述通孔的孔径大小为0.05mm～0.1mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于：所述吸收布条内设置有活性炭颗粒。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于：所述吸收布条采用魔术贴与手术衣的衣身底部连接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于，所述熔融防水再生层采用如下重量份的原料制成：
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯为热塑型聚氨酯，且软化点为95℃～115℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种长效阻菌型手术衣，其特征在于，设有所述熔融防水再生层的手术衣包括以下制备方法：
A、将松香甘油酯在130℃～160℃下加热至熔融状态；
B、在步骤A熔融状态的松香甘油酯中加入聚乳酸纤维和聚氨酯，以60rpm的转速，搅拌30min～50min，得到混合物M1；
C、将温度控制在100℃～120℃，向步骤B得到的混合物M1中，加入锐钛型纳米二氧化钛，以50rpm的转速，搅拌40min～60min，得到混合物M2；
D、将温度控制在85℃～95℃，向步骤C得到的混合物M2中加入纳米氧化银和脱乙酰甲壳素，以90rpm的转速，搅拌3min～5min，得到混合物M3；
E、在85℃～95℃的温度下，将混合物M3均匀涂覆在PTFE层上，覆盖所述外表层于混合物M3涂层上后，再至0℃～10℃下，冷却80min～120min，即得到设有所述熔融防水再生层的长效阻菌型手术衣。
8.一种如权利要求1～7任一项所述的长效阻菌型手术衣的使用方法，其特征在于，包括以下使用步骤：
S1、将长效阻菌型手术衣经过消毒液浸泡洗涤后，晾干；
S2、将晾干后的长效阻菌型手术衣放置在平整的表面上；
S3、采用熨斗在100℃～125℃下对长效阻菌型手术衣进行加热熨平处理10min～20min；
S4、将经过加热熨平处理的长效阻菌型手术衣至于0℃～10℃下，冷却20min～30min，长效阻菌型手术衣即可进行下一次穿着使用。
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