WO2018035752A1 - 一种医用无纺布复合材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种医用无纺布复合材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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WO2018035752A1
WO2018035752A1 PCT/CN2016/096533 CN2016096533W WO2018035752A1 WO 2018035752 A1 WO2018035752 A1 WO 2018035752A1 CN 2016096533 W CN2016096533 W CN 2016096533W WO 2018035752 A1 WO2018035752 A1 WO 2018035752A1
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nonwoven fabric
fabric composite
parts
medical
composite according
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PCT/CN2016/096533
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱小涛
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朱小涛
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/096533 priority Critical patent/WO2018035752A1/zh
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of non-woven fabrics, and in particular relates to a medical non-woven composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.
  • Non-woven fabric is a fabric that does not need to be spun woven fabric, but the woven short fibers or filaments are oriented or randomly stretched to form a web structure, and then mechanically, thermally bonded or chemically. Reinforced by other methods. To put it simply: it is not woven and braided together by one yarn, but the fibers are bonded directly by physical means, so when you get the sticky name in your clothes, , you will find that it is impossible to draw a single thread.
  • Nonwoven fabric breaks through the traditional textile principle, and has the characteristics of short process, high production speed, high output, low cost, wide application, and many sources of raw materials. It has a wide range of applications in daily production and life.
  • Chinese patent CN 1970865A discloses a technique for adding surface-plated silver fibers to non-woven fibers, which has the ability to kill common bacteria.
  • Chinese patent CN201109221Y discloses an antibacterial composite non-woven material which is composed of three layers of materials, the outer layer is a water absorbing layer made of absorbent non-woven fabric, and the middle layer is a waterproof layer made of PE, PU film or waterproof and breathable film.
  • the inner layer is an antibacterial layer made of antibacterial non-woven fabric, which has the functions of water absorption, water resistance and antibacterial.
  • Chinese patent CN 104695137A discloses an antistatic non-woven fabric prepared by using a polyester, a polyamide-based polymer and an antistatic agent.
  • the non-woven fabric fiber prepared by the invention has a fine diameter and a non-woven fabric. It has the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, excellent filtration efficiency, good flexibility and strong comfort. It is widely used in medical and industrial masks, thermal insulation materials, filter materials, medical and health materials, oil absorption materials, wipes, battery separators and sound insulation materials.
  • CN204076983U discloses a non-woven composite material for making a medical mask, comprising a skin-friendly layer, a water-absorbing layer, a first PE layer, a sterilization layer, a second PE layer and a hydrophilic PP non-woven fabric layer.
  • a layer of water absorbing layer is adhered to the skin layer
  • a first PE layer is adhered to the water absorbing layer
  • a sterilizing layer is adhered to the first PE layer
  • a second PE is adhered to the upper portion of the sterilizing layer.
  • a hydrophilic PP nonwoven fabric layer is bonded to the second PE layer.
  • Non-woven fabrics are widely used, including medical non-woven fabrics, including disposable masks, protective clothing, surgical gowns, gowns, lab coats, nurse caps, surgical caps, doctor hats, surgical bags, maternity bags, first aid kits, diapers, pillowcases. , disposable sheets of disposable medical supplies such as sheets, quilt covers and shoe covers.
  • medical nonwoven fabrics Compared with traditional cotton woven medical textiles, medical nonwoven fabrics have the characteristics of high filtration efficiency to bacteria and dust, low surgical infection rate, convenient sterilization and sterilization, and easy compounding with other materials.
  • medical nonwoven products are not only convenient, safe and hygienic, but also effectively prevent bacterial infection and iatrogenic cross infection. China consumes a large amount of medical non-woven fabrics every year, but currently the commercially available medical non-woven fabrics have relatively simple functions, and lack a medical non-woven fabric that combines antibacterial, anti-radiation, anti-static and the like.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a medical multifunctional nonwoven fabric which has both antibacterial properties and radiation and antistatic properties.
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • step (3) the blend in step (2) is vacuum dried, and the dried blend is heated, melted, extruded, drawn, cooled, self-bonded to form a nonwoven fabric by a screw extruder;
  • the structural formula of the polyadipate/butylene terephthalate is: Wherein, 10 ⁇ x ⁇ 40, 10 ⁇ y ⁇ 40.
  • the antistatic agent is an anionic antistatic agent, specifically an antistatic agent containing an organic sulfonate, and has the formula (R-SO 3 ) nM, wherein R is a C6-C18 linear alkyl group or an alkane.
  • R is a C6-C18 linear alkyl group or an alkane.
  • a phenyl group, M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion, and n is 1 or 2.
  • the antibacterial agent is a silver-loaded nano titanium dioxide or a biological polypeptide antibacterial agent selected from the group consisting of protamine sulfate, ⁇ -polylysine, polymyxin sulfate or natamycin. One or more combinations.
  • the extrusion temperature in the step (2) is 220-250 ° C; the vacuum drying temperature of the blend in the step (3) is 80-120 ° C, the drying time is 24-48 h; the mixture in the step (3) is In the process of preparing the melt-blown non-woven fabric, the melting temperature is 230-290 ° C; the distance between the drum and the spinning port is 5-30 cm, the rotation speed of the drum is 20-35 r/min; the flow rate of the hot air flow on both sides of the spinning orifice is 50-250 m / sec, the temperature is 210-320 ° C; the drying setting temperature in the step (4) is 80-110 ° C, and the setting time is 5-20 h.
  • the medical non-woven composite material prepared according to the preparation method of the present invention has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm and a gram weight of 20-40 g/m 2 , and is mainly used for preparation of a medical mask.
  • the non-woven fabric of the present invention integrates functions of antibacterial, anti-radiation, anti-static and the like, and can basically solve various needs of medical treatment;
  • the non-woven fabric obtained by the invention has a good broad-spectrum antibacterial property, and has an antibacterial rate of 99.9% for E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans for 4 hours, and has a very long-lasting resistance. Electrostatic properties and radiation protection;
  • the present invention uses polyadipate/butylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and polycarbonate to compound three raw materials, and has a specific polyadipate/terephthalic acid
  • the nonwoven fabric material prepared by the three raw materials of butadiene ester, polylactic acid and polypropylene has larger specific surface area, better tensile elasticity, better ductility and less breakability;
  • the device of the invention has the advantages of simple equipment, short process flow and low energy consumption, and the non-woven fabric is prepared by a melt-blown method to make the fiber diameter fine.
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • step (1) The mixture in the step (1) is blended with 2 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 1 part of silver-loaded titanium dioxide, and then extruded and granulated by a twin-screw extruder to obtain a blend.
  • the extrusion temperature is 230 ° C;
  • step (2) The mixture in step (2) is vacuum dried at 100 ° C for 32 h to make the water content less than 120 ppm, and the dried blend is heated by a screw extruder, melted at 260 ° C, and extruded into a melt.
  • the melt is extruded from the orifice of the die, it is blown by a high-pressure hot gas stream having a flow velocity of 90 m/sec on both sides of the orifice and a temperature of 260 ° C, and the melt of the blend is drawn into ultrafine fibers to coagulate.
  • the drum speed of the receiver is 28 r/min, self-adhesive to a non-woven fabric;
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • step (3) drying the blend in step (2) at 110 ° C for 36 h, so that the water content is less than 100 ppm, and the dried blend is heated by a screw extruder, melted at 280 ° C, and extruded into a melt.
  • the melt is extruded from the orifice of the die, it is blown by a high-pressure hot gas stream having a flow velocity of 100 m/sec on both sides of the orifice and a temperature of 280 ° C, and the melt of the blend is drawn into ultrafine fibers to coagulate.
  • the drum speed of the receiver is 30 r/min, self-adhesive to a non-woven fabric;
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • step (1) The mixture in the step (1) is blended with 4 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 2 parts of silver-loaded titanium dioxide, and then extruded and granulated by a twin-screw extruder to obtain a blend.
  • the extrusion temperature is 250 ° C;
  • step (2) The mixture in step (2) is vacuum dried at 120 ° C for 20 h to make the water content less than 110 ppm, and the dried blend is heated by a screw extruder, melted at 250 ° C, and extruded into a melt.
  • the melt is extruded from the orifice of the die, it is blown by a high-pressure hot gas stream having a flow velocity of 120 m/sec on both sides of the orifice and a temperature of 270 ° C, and the melt of the blend is drawn into ultrafine fibers to coagulate.
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • the extrusion temperature is 220 ° C;
  • step (3) drying the blend in step (2) at 120 ° C for 24 h, so that the water content is less than 100 ppm, and the dried blend is heated by a screw extruder, melted at 280 ° C, and extruded into a melt.
  • the melt is extruded from the orifice of the die, it is blown by a high-pressure hot gas stream having a flow velocity of 150 m/sec on both sides of the orifice and a temperature of 240 ° C, and the melt of the blend is drawn into ultrafine fibers to coagulate.
  • the drum speed of the receiver is 26 r/min, self-adhesive to a non-woven fabric;
  • a method for preparing a medical non-woven composite material comprises the following steps:
  • step (1) The mixture in the step (1) is blended with 1.8 parts of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 1.6 parts of polymyxin sulfate, and then extruded and granulated by a twin-screw extruder to obtain a total of Mixture, extrusion temperature is 240 ° C;
  • step (3) drying the blend in step (2) at 100 ° C for 28 h, so that the water content is less than 120 ppm, and the dried blend is heated by a screw extruder, melted at 240 ° C, and extruded into a melt.
  • the melt of the blend is drawn into ultrafine fibers and condensed in the nozzle.
  • the drum speed of the receiver is 24r/min, self-bonding into a non-woven fabric;
  • the properties of the products obtained in Examples 1-5 of the present invention were tested, and the antibacterial property was: immersing the product fragments in the bacterial liquid to detect the surface contamination condition; and preventing radiation: detecting the decrease of the radiation dose rate after using the product by using a radiation detector Quantity, unit ⁇ Sv/h; antistatic: expressed by volume resistance, ⁇ .cm; test results are shown in the table below.
  • Example 1 Example 2
  • Example 3 Example 4
  • Example 5 Commercially available nonwovens Antibacterial 99% 99% 100% 99% 99% 75% Radiation protection 106 108 108 108 107 92
  • Antistatic 10 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8
  • the nonwoven fabric products of Examples 1-5 have excellent antibacterial, anti-radiation and antistatic properties.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯30～50份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯20～30份和聚碳酸酯30～40份进行充分混合，得混合物A；(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与1-4份的抗静电剂、0.5-2份的抗菌剂进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物；(3)将步骤(2)中共混物真空干燥，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、熔融、挤出、拉伸、冷却、自粘合形成无纺布；(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型；所制备的医用无纺布复合材料既有抗菌性，又能防辐射、抗静电性能，主要应用于医用口罩的制备。

Description

一种医用无纺布复合材料及其制备方法与应用 技术领域
本发明属于无纺布领域，特别是涉及一种医用无纺布复合材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
无纺布(非织造布)是一种不需要纺纱织布而形成的织物，只是将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机撑列，形成纤网结构，然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成。简单的讲就是：它不是由一根一根的纱线交织、编结在一起的，而是将纤维直接通过物理的方法粘合在一起的，所以，当你拿到你衣服里的粘称时，就会发现，是抽不出一根根的线头的。非织造布突破了传统的纺织原理，并具有工艺流程短、生产速度快，产量高、成本低、用途广、原料来源多等特点，在日常生产和生活中有着广泛的应用。但是，随着人们健康意识的提高和对生活质量的重视，如何赋予己经广泛应用的无纺布材料的优良的性能，成为当前一个热门的课题。中国专利CN 1970865A公开了一种将表面镀银的纤维添加进无纺布纤维中的技术，具有杀灭常见细菌的能力。中国专利CN201109221Y公开了一种抗菌复合无纺布材料，它由三层材料复合而成，外层为吸水无纺布制作的吸水层，中间层为PE，PU膜或防水透气膜制作的防水层，里层为抗菌无纺布制作的抗菌层，使之同时具备了吸水、防水、抗菌的功能。中国专利CN 104695137A公开了一种抗静电无纺布，该无纺布由聚酯，聚酰胺类聚合物，抗静电剂制备得到，该发明制备的无纺布纤维直径较细，得到无纺布具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、过滤效率优、柔软性好、舒适感强等优点，可广 泛应用于医用和工业用口罩、保暖材料、过滤材料、医疗卫生材料、吸油材料、擦拭布、电池隔板以及隔音材料等领域。中国专利CN204076983U公开了一种用于制作医用口罩的无纺布复合材料，包括亲肤层、吸水层、第一PE层、除菌层、第二PE层和亲水PP无纺布层，所述亲肤层上粘结有一层吸水层，所述吸水层上粘结有第一PE层，第一PE层上粘结有除菌层，所述除菌层的上部粘结有第二PE层，第二PE层上粘结有亲水PP无纺布层。
无纺布用途广泛，其中医用无纺布方面，包括一次性口罩、防护服、手术衣、隔离衣、实验服，护士帽、手术帽、医生帽、手术包、产妇包、急救包、尿布、枕套、床单、被套、鞋套等一次性医用耗材系列。与传统的纯棉机织医用纺织品相比，医用非织造织物具有对细菌、尘埃过滤性高、手术感染率低、消毒灭菌方便、易于与其它材料复合等特点。医用非织造产品作为用即弃的一次性用品，不仅使用便利，安全卫生，还能有效地防止细菌感染和医原性交叉感染。我国每年消耗大量的医用无纺布，但目前市售的医用无纺布功能比较单一，缺少一种集抗菌性、防辐射、抗静电等多功能于一身的医用无纺布。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种医用多功能无纺布，该无纺布既有抗菌性，又能防辐射、抗静电性能。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯30～50份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯20～30份和聚碳酸酯30～40份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与1-4份的抗静电剂、0.5-2份的抗菌剂进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物进行真空干燥，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、熔融、挤出、拉伸、冷却、自粘合形成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型。
所述聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯的结构式为：
Figure PCTCN2016096533-appb-000001
其中，10≤x≤40，10≤y≤40。
所述的抗静电剂为阴离子抗静电剂，具体为含有有机磺酸盐类的抗静电剂，其通式为(R-SO3)nM，其中R为C6-C18的直链烷基或烷基苯基，M是碱金属或碱土金属离子，n为1或2。
所述的抗菌剂为载银纳米二氧化钛或生物多肽类抗菌剂，所述生物多肽类抗菌剂选自硫酸鱼精蛋白、ε-聚赖氨酸、硫酸多粘菌素或纳他霉素中的一种或多种组合。
另外，步骤(2)中的挤出温度为220-250℃；步骤(3)中的共混物的真空干燥温度为80-120℃，干燥时间24-48h；步骤(3)中的混合物在制备熔喷无纺布的过程中，熔融温度为230-290℃；滚筒与喷丝口的距离为5-30cm，滚筒转速为20-35r/min；喷丝孔两侧的热气流的流速为50-250m/sec,温度为210-320℃；步骤(4)中的干燥定型温度为80-110℃，定型时间为5-20h。
根据本发明制备方法制备得到的医用无纺布复合材料，其厚度为0.2-0.4mm，克重为20-40g/m2，并且其主要应用于医用口罩的制备。
本发明的技术效果为：
(1)本发明的无纺布集抗菌性、防辐射、抗静电等功能于一身，基本能解决医用各个方面的需求；
(2)本发明得到的无纺布具有很好的广谱抗菌性，对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌4小时检测，抗菌率均达到99.9％，另外，其具有十分持久的抗静电性能以及防辐射效果；
(3)本发明的使用聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯和聚碳酸酯三种原料复配，具有比传统的聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚乳酸和聚丙烯三种原料复配制得的无纺布材料的比表面积更大、拉力弹性更好、延展性更好且不易折断的性能；
(4)本发明设备简单、工艺流程短、能耗低，采用熔喷方法制备无纺布，使其纤维直径较细。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的阐述：
实施例1
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯30份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯20份和聚碳酸酯30份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与2份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1份的载银二氧化钛进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物，挤出温度为230℃；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物在100℃真空干燥32h，使得含水率小于120ppm，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、在260℃下熔融、挤压成熔体，当熔体从模头的喷丝孔挤出时，受到喷丝孔两侧流速为90m/sec,温度为260℃的高压热气流喷吹，共混物熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，凝聚在离喷头距离10cm的滚筒式接收器上，接收器的滚筒转速为28r/min，自粘合成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内 干燥定型，干燥温度为100℃，干燥时间为12h。
实施例2
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯40份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯30份和聚碳酸酯40份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与3份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1份的ε-聚赖氨酸进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物，挤出温度为230℃；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物在110℃真空干燥36h，使得含水率小于100ppm，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、在280℃下熔融、挤压成熔体，当熔体从模头的喷丝孔挤出时，受到喷丝孔两侧流速为100m/sec,温度为280℃的高压热气流喷吹，共混物熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，凝聚在离喷头距离12cm的滚筒式接收器上，接收器的滚筒转速为30r/min，自粘合成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型，干燥温度为80℃，干燥时间为15h。
实施例3
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯50份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯30份和聚碳酸酯40份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与4份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、2份的载银二氧化钛进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物，挤出温度为250℃；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物在120℃真空干燥20h，使得含水率小于110ppm，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、在250℃下熔融、挤压成熔体，当熔体从模头的喷丝孔挤出时，受到喷丝孔两侧流速为120m/sec,温度为270℃的高压热气流喷吹，共混物熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，凝聚在离喷头距离20cm的滚筒式接 收器上，接收器的滚筒转速为25r/min，自粘合成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型，干燥温度为90℃，干燥时间为18h。
实施例4
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯30份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯20份和聚碳酸酯30份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与2份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1份的硫酸鱼精蛋白进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物，挤出温度为220℃；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物在120℃真空干燥24h，使得含水率小于100ppm，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、在280℃下熔融、挤压成熔体，当熔体从模头的喷丝孔挤出时，受到喷丝孔两侧流速为150m/sec,温度为240℃的高压热气流喷吹，共混物熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，凝聚在离喷头距离12cm的滚筒式接收器上，接收器的滚筒转速为26r/min，自粘合成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型，干燥温度为80℃，干燥时间为20h。
实施例5
一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯38份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯25份和聚碳酸酯35份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
(2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与1.8份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、1.6份的硫酸多粘菌素进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物，挤出温度为240℃；
(3)将步骤(2)中共混物在100℃真空干燥28h，使得含水率小于120ppm，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、在240℃下熔融、挤压成熔体，当熔体从 模头的喷丝孔挤出时，受到喷丝孔两侧流速为100m/sec,温度为230℃的高压热气流喷吹，共混物熔体被拉伸成超细纤维，凝聚在离喷头距离18cm的滚筒式接收器上，接收器的滚筒转速为24r/min，自粘合成无纺布；
(4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型，干燥温度为110℃，干燥时间为15h。
性能测试
对本发明实施例1-5所得产品的性能进行测试，抗菌性：将产品碎片浸渍于菌液中，检测其表面受污染状况；防辐射：用辐射检测仪检测使用该产品后辐射剂量率的减少量，单位μSv/h；抗静电：用体积电阻，Ω.cm表示；测试结果见下表。
  实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 市售无纺布
抗菌性 99％ 99％ 100％ 99％ 99％ 75％
防辐射 106 108 108 108 107 92
抗静电 108 108 108 108 108 108
从上表可知，实施例1-5的无纺布产品具有十分优异的抗菌、防辐射以及抗静电的性能。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种医用无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，包括如下步骤：
    (1)按重量份分别称取聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯30～50份、聚对苯二甲酸丁酯20～30份和聚碳酸酯30～40份进行充分混合，得混合物A；
    (2)将步骤(1)中的混合物与1-4份的抗静电剂、0.5-2份的抗菌剂进行共混，然后通过双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒，得到共混物；
    (3)将步骤(2)中共混物进行真空干燥，干燥后的共混物通过螺杆挤压机加热、熔融、挤出、拉伸、冷却、自粘合形成无纺布；
    (4)对步骤(3)得到的无纺布的一侧喷涂防辐射层，最后放入干燥箱内干燥定型。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，所述聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯的结构式为：
    Figure PCTCN2016096533-appb-100001
    其中，10≤x≤40，10≤y≤40。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，所述的抗静电剂为阴离子抗静电剂。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，所述的阴离子抗静电剂为含有有机磺酸盐类的抗静电剂，其通式为(R-SO3)nM，其中R为C6-C18的直链烷基或烷基苯基，M是碱金属或碱土金属离子，n为1或2。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，所述的抗菌剂为载银纳米二氧化钛或生物多肽类抗菌剂。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，所述生物多肽类抗菌剂选自硫酸鱼精蛋白、ε-聚赖氨酸、硫酸多粘菌素或纳他霉素中的一种或多种组合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的无纺布复合材料的制备方法，其中，步骤(2)中的挤出温度为220-250℃；步骤(3)中的共混物的真空干燥温度为80-120℃，干燥时间24-48h；步骤(3)中的混合物在制备熔喷无纺布的过程中，熔融温度为 230-290℃；滚筒与喷丝口的距离为5-30cm，滚筒转速为20-35r/min；喷丝孔两侧的热气流的流速为50-250m/sec,温度为210-320℃；步骤(4)中的干燥定型温度为80-110℃，定型时间为5-20h。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法制备得到的医用无纺布复合材料，其中，所述无纺布厚度为0.2-0.4mm，克重为20-40g/m2。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的医用无纺布复合材料，其中，所述的抗静电剂为阴离子抗静电剂。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的医用无纺布复合材料，其中，所述的阴离子抗静电剂为含有有机磺酸盐类的抗静电剂，其通式为(R-SO3)nM，其中R为C6-C18的直链烷基或烷基苯基，M是碱金属或碱土金属离子，n为1或2。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的医用无纺布复合材料，其中，所述的抗菌剂为载银纳米二氧化钛或生物多肽类抗菌剂。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的医用无纺布复合材料，其中，所述生物多肽类抗菌剂选自硫酸鱼精蛋白、ε-聚赖氨酸、硫酸多粘菌素或纳他霉素中的一种或多种组合。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的医用无纺布复合材料的应用，其中，所述无纺布复合材料用于制作医用口罩。
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