CN107074707A - 通过重排过程生产特定α,β‑不饱和醛的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical group [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 claims 1
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N retinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C QGNJRVVDBSJHIZ-QHLGVNSISA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006661 Meyer-Schuster rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- RPFQXNXXEJUQDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti]=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O Chemical compound [Ti]=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O RPFQXNXXEJUQDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229960000342 retinol acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019173 retinyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011770 retinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 C7-C10- alkane Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000021736 acetylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006640 acetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical class Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N Retinaldehyde Chemical compound O=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C NCYCYZXNIZJOKI-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020945 retinal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011604 retinal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans 3-methylcyclohexanol Natural products CC1CCCC(O)C1 HTSABYAWKQAHBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/36—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal
- C07C29/38—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones
- C07C29/42—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones with compounds containing triple carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. with metal-alkynes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/14—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by doubly-bound oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/51—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
- C07C45/511—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups
- C07C45/512—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition involving transformation of singly bound oxygen functional groups to >C = O groups the singly bound functional group being a free hydroxyl group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及改进的生产特定α,β‑不饱和醛的方法。
Description
本发明涉及改进的生产特定α,β-不饱和醛的方法。
通过下式(I)来表示旨在生产的特定α,β-不饱和醛:
其中
R1是C1-C4-烷基片段,优选地-CH3或-CH2CH3,且
R2是
(*显示键的位置)。
这些特定的α,β-不饱和醛总是具有共轭C-C双键。
这些特定的α,β-不饱和醛是有用的化合物。它们可以原样使用,或者它们是生产其它化合物的有用中间体。例如,化合物(Ia)
被用作生产维生素A乙酸酯(通过还原后进行乙酰化)的中间体。
因此,由于这种特定的α,β-不饱和醛的重要性,始终需要改进的生产这种化合物的方法。
现在出乎意料地发现,具有共轭C-C双键的这种特定α,β-不饱和醛可以通过催化Meyer-Schuster重排产生。使用Meyer-Schuster重排产生这种化合物是未知的。
由Kurt Meyer和Kurt Schuster于1922年首次公开的Meyer-Schuster重排是被描述为仲炔丙醇和叔炔丙醇朝向α,β-不饱和醛的酸催化重排的化学反应。
通常通过使用基于(过渡)金属和/或金属氧化物的催化剂来进行Meyer-Schuster重排。
本发明的目标是找到改进的生产式(I)的化合物的方法。
出乎意料地发现,式(II)化合物
其中R1和R2的含义与式(I)中所限定的含义相同,可被用作过渡金属基催化Meyer-Schuster重排中的起始材料,以生产式(I)的化合物,其中所述过渡金属是Cu和/或Ti。
因此,本发明涉及生产式(I)的化合物的方法(P)
其中
R1是C1-C4-烷基片段,优选地-CH3或-CH2CH3,且
R2是
(*显示键的位置),所述方法包括式(II)化合物的重排
其中R1和R2的含义与式(I)中所限定的含义相同,
其特征在于:在至少一种过渡金属基催化剂的存在下进行所述方法,其中所述过渡金属是Cu和/或Ti。
现有技术中并不知道可以通过这种方法来生产具有共轭C-C双键的α,β-不饱和醛。根据本发明的方法通常在温和条件下作为一锅反应进行,从而导致良好的选择性和产率。
在本发明的一种优选实施方式中,使用式(IIa)或式(IIb)的化合物作为起始材料
相应的产物(当使用式(IIa)或式(IIb)的化合物作为起始材料时)是式(Ia)和式(Ib)的那些
因此,本发明还涉及方法(P1),其为这样的方法(P),其中式(II)的化合物是式(IIa)的化合物
因此,本发明还涉及方法(P2),其为这样的方法(P),其中式(II)的化合物是式(IIb)的化合物
使用过渡金属基催化剂(或过渡金属基催化剂的混合物)用于根据本发明的方法,其中所述过渡金属是Cu和/或Ti。
优选的催化剂是其中使用Cu和Ti的混合物的催化剂,例如CuCl/Ti(O)(acac)2。acac是乙酰丙酮化物的缩写。
Cu:Ti比(基于摩尔)可以变化。使用CuCl/Ti(O)(acac)2时,Cu∶Ti比为1∶5-5∶1,优选地CuCl∶CuCl/Ti(O)(acac)2比为2∶1.5。
上述催化剂是现有技术中已知的,并且可以如本文所述来生产。
因此,本发明还涉及方法(P3),其为这样的方法(P)、(P1)或(P2),其中过渡金属基催化剂是CuCl/Ti(O)(acac)2基催化剂。
底物(起始材料)与催化剂之比(基于摩尔)通常为5000∶1-10∶1、优选地1000∶1-20∶1。
因此,本发明还涉及方法(P4),其为这样的方法(P)、(P1)、(P2)或(P3),其中底物与催化剂之比(基于摩尔)为5000∶1-10∶1、优选地1000∶1-20∶1。
根据本发明的方法是Meyer-Schuster重排。根据本发明的方法使用温和的反应条件。
通常,在至少一种非极性或极性非质子有机溶剂中进行根据本发明的方法。
将所有反应物加在一起并混合。将反应混合物加热至发生过渡金属基催化重排反应的温度,以提供产生的混合物。
作为溶剂,在本发明的范围内通常可以使用非极性或极性非质子有机溶剂,特别是脂族烃、环状烃和芳族烃,例如C7-C10-烷烃、C5-C7-环烷烃、苯、甲苯和萘以及这些溶剂彼此的混合物,例如石蜡油(饱和脂族烃的混合物);以及羧酸酯,例如乙酸乙酯。
根据本发明的重排通常包括:
(1)重排过程始于添加起始材料、催化剂、溶剂以及pK值在约4.0至约6.5范围内的有机酸(这些化合物的添加顺序不重要。此外,显然也可以添加每种组分的混合物)
(2)和任选地,之后利用酸或酸的混合物(例如,即硫酸)酸化反应混合物。
因此,本发明涉及方法(P5),其为这样的方法(P)、(P1)、(P2)(P3)或(P4),其特征在于:在至少一种非极性或极性非质子有机溶剂中进行重排。
因此,本发明还涉及方法(P5’),其为这样的方法(P5),其中非极性或极性非质子有机溶剂选自由脂族烃、环状烃和芳族烃(例如C7-C10-烷烃、C5-C7-环烷烃、苯、甲苯、萘、石蜡油)和羧酸酯(例如乙酸乙酯)组成的组。
根据本发明的方法通常在高温下进行。通常高于50℃。优选的范围为50℃-120℃,更优选的为60℃-100℃的范围。
因此,本发明涉及方法(P6),其为这样的方法(P)、(P1)、(P2)(P3)、(P4)、(P5)或(P5’),其中在50℃-120℃、优选地60℃-100℃的反应温度下进行所述方法。
通过根据本发明的方法获得的产物可以原样使用,或者它们也可以被用作生产其它有机化合物的中间体。例如,式(Ia)化合物可被用于生产维生素A乙酸酯(通过还原后进行乙酰化)。同样适用于式(Ib)化合物,该化合物也可用于生产维生素A乙酸酯(化合物(IIa)是式(Ib)化合物的醇醛缩合后进行乙炔化的产物)。
以下实施例进一步阐释了本发明,但本发明不限于此。除非另外指出,给出的所有百分比和份都与重量相关,且温度以℃给出。
实施例
实施例1:3-甲基-5-(2,6,6-三甲基环己-1-烯基)戊-2,4-二烯醛(式(Ib)的化合物)
向小瓶中加入8.74mg氧乙酰丙酮钛(IV)(0.03mmol)和4.08mg氯化铜(I)(0.04mmol)。用隔膜密封小瓶。加入0.46g起始材料(IIb,2.00mmol)的4ml无水甲苯溶液。将溶液在90℃下搅拌15小时,然后冷却至23℃,再搅拌3.5小时。将溶液用15ml乙酸乙酯稀释并用15ml稀释的盐水(20%)洗涤。分离各层,并用另外15ml稀释的盐水(20%)洗涤有机层。用15ml乙酸乙酯反萃取含水层。通过硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层,然后过滤并在30℃水浴温度下减压浓缩。获得了深棕色油形式的产物(Ib),纯度为26.12%,产率为27%(0.455g)。
实施例2:视黄醛(式(Ia)的化合物)
向烧瓶中加入8.7mg氧乙酰丙酮钛(IV)和4.1mg氯化铜(I)。逐滴加入651.7mg起始材料(IIa)的4.0ml无水甲苯溶液。将反应混合物在氩气气氛中在油浴中加热至85℃。在85℃下48小时后,将深棕色悬浮液冷却至24℃。向反应混合物中加入15ml二氯甲烷。用15ml半饱和NaHCO3溶液和15ml半饱和盐水洗涤混合物。分离各层,并用15ml二氯甲烷反萃取含水层。通过硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层,然后过滤并在30℃水浴温度下减压浓缩。获得了深橙色油形式的产物(Ia)(707.1mg)。
Claims (8)
1.生产式(I)的化合物的方法
其中
R1是C1-C4-烷基片段,优选地-CH3或-CH2CH3,且
R2是
所述方法包括式(II)化合物的重排
其中R1和R2的含义与式(I)中所限定的含义相同,
其特征在于:在至少一种过渡金属基催化剂的存在下进行所述方法,其中所述过渡金属是Cu和/或Ti。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述式(II)的化合物是式(IIa)的化合物
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述式(II)的化合物是式(IIb)的化合物
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述过渡金属基催化剂是Cu/Ti基催化剂。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述催化剂是CuCl/Ti(O)(acac)2。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中底物与催化剂之比(基于摩尔)为5000∶1-10∶1、优选地1000∶1-20∶1。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中在至少一种非极性或极性非质子有机溶剂中进行所述方法。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中在50℃-120℃、优选地60℃-100℃的反应温度下进行所述方法。
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US3994936A (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1976-11-30 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Catalytic rearrangement |
CN1440834A (zh) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 不饱和醛合成用催化剂及其制备方法、及不饱和醛制备方法 |
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US3994936A (en) * | 1973-10-29 | 1976-11-30 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Catalytic rearrangement |
CN1440834A (zh) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 不饱和醛合成用催化剂及其制备方法、及不饱和醛制备方法 |
CN101801904A (zh) * | 2007-07-11 | 2010-08-11 | Dsm精细化学奥地利Nfg两合公司 | α-取代的α,β-不饱和E-醛或Z-醛、其用途及制备方法 |
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EP3207016B1 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
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MY177218A (en) | 2020-09-09 |
US20170313655A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
US9908847B2 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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