CN108821952A - 非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法 - Google Patents

非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法 Download PDF

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CN108821952A
CN108821952A CN201810803197.0A CN201810803197A CN108821952A CN 108821952 A CN108821952 A CN 108821952A CN 201810803197 A CN201810803197 A CN 201810803197A CN 108821952 A CN108821952 A CN 108821952A
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lignin
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陆国平
孙康康
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法。所述方法以多孔碳氮负载的钴纳米材料为催化剂,在催化剂的作用下,以甲醇作为溶剂,氧气作为氧化剂,可以实现β‑O‑4,α‑O‑4,β‑1型木质素模板化合物及溶剂型木质素的氧化裂解,得到苯酚、苯甲酸甲酯等小分子化合物。本发明采用非均相钴催化剂,底物适用范围广,可适用于β‑O‑4,α‑O‑4,β‑1型木质素模板化合物及溶剂型木质素的氧化裂解,产物产率高且不会发生产物再聚合,反应结束后催化剂可以通过简单的磁力回收。

Description

非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法
技术领域
本发明属于木质素裂解技术领域,涉及一种非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法,具体涉及一种多孔碳氮材料负载的钴纳米催化剂催化氧化木质素裂解的方法。
背景技术
木质素是地球上仅次于纤维素的第二大生物聚合物,是为数不多的可再生芳香烃来源之一。木质素可以解聚成苯酚等小分子化合物,能有效应对全球能源危机,因而引起工业界和学术界的广泛关注。
常见的木质素裂解方法主要包括以下几种:(1)以氢气,硼氢化钠等为氢源的木质素的氢解(ACS Catal.2014,4,1574–1583);(2)在催化剂和氧化剂的存在下,实现木质素的氧化裂解(Chem Commun.2017,53,8850-8853);(3)在硫酸、氢氧化钠或者其他配体添加物作用下的木质素的裂解(ACS Sustain.Chem.Eng.2014,2,472–485;Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.2014,53,2633–2639;Chem.Eng.Sci.2015,123,155–163)。
其中,方法(2)中,催化剂常使用钯、钌等贵金属(Green Chem.,2015,17,5009;)或钒、铜等非贵金属(Green Chem.,2015,17,4968–4973;ACS Catal.2016,6,6086-6090)。
以上几种方法都存在各自的问题。他们使用均相催化,不利于催化剂的回收;使用硫酸,TEMPO,氢气,硼氢化钠等危险试剂都存在安全隐患;使用钯、钌等贵金属催化剂增大反应成本,不利于工业级放大;且当使用非贵金属时反应温度和压力都很高,反应过程复杂增大了木质素的裂解难度。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种方法简单、易于实现、所得产物收率高的非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法。该方法以双金属MOF(ZIF-8@ZIF-67)衍生的多孔碳氮材料负载的钴纳米材料为催化剂,在不添加酸、碱、贵金属的条件下,低温、常压氧气下氧化裂解木质素。
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为:
非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法,具体步骤如下:
将木质素模板化合物或溶剂型木质素、多孔碳氮材料负载的钴纳米催化剂和甲醇混合,氧气氛围下,80~120℃下加热反应,反应结束降温后,分离催化剂和反应液,有机相通过旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱层析硅胶得到反应产物。
所述的原料为β-O-4,α-O-4,β-1型木质素模板化合物及溶剂型木质素中的一种。
所述的β-O-4型木质素模板化合物选自:
所述的α-O-4型木质素模板化合物为
所述的β-1型木质素模板化合物为
以β-O-4,α-O-4或β-1型木质素模板化合物为原料时,所述的催化剂中,钴摩尔量为木质素模板化合物的摩尔量的8%以上,所述的加热时间为12~24h。
以溶剂型木质素为原料时,所述的催化剂中,钴质量为溶剂型木质素质量的3.9%以上。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
(1)底物适用范围广,可适用于β-O-4,α-O-4,β-1型木质素模板化合物及溶剂型木质素的氧化裂解;
(2)反应操作简单收率高,避免了氢气,TEMPO等危险、高毒试剂的使用,具有放大生产的可能性;
(3)反应效率较高,产物产率高且不会发生产物再聚合,反应结束后催化剂可以通过简单的磁力回收。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和对本发明作进一步详述。
实施例中的多孔碳氮材料负载的钴纳米催化剂可参考文献【Adv.Mater.2015,27,5010–5016】制备,具体如下:
在80mL甲醇溶液中加入0.514mmol Co(NO3)2·6H2O和5.136mmol Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,同时将3.7g 2-甲基咪唑溶解在等量的甲醇溶液中,将两种溶液混合,室温搅拌24h,之后甲醇清洗三次,80℃下真空干燥12h之后即可得到双金属MOF (ZIF-8@ZIF-67)材料。
将双金属MOF(ZIF-8@ZIF-67)置于管式炉中,以5℃/min的升温速率,在900℃下煅烧2h,得到多孔碳氮负载的钴纳米催化剂,其中钴含量为4.9wt.%。
实施例1:木质素模板化合物的氧化裂解
将0.2mmol木质素模板化合物,20mg催化剂,1.5mL的甲醇加入到25mL充气管中,氧气置换三次之后,在油浴锅中80~120℃下反应12~24h。反应结束降温后,分离催化剂和反应液,有机相通过旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱层硅胶得到产物。反应原料及产率如下表所示。
实施例2:溶剂型木质素的氧化裂解
将50mg溶剂型木质素(购自上海萨恩化学科技有限公司),40mg催化剂,3mL 的甲醇加入到25mL充气管中,氧气置换三次之后,在油浴锅中110℃下反应12h。反应结束降温后,分离催化剂和反应液,有机相通过旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱层析硅胶得到30 mg液体产物,经GC-MS表征其主要为多种取代苯酚和取代苯甲酸甲酯的混合液。

Claims (7)

1.非均相钴催化氧化木质素裂解的方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
将木质素模板化合物或溶剂型木质素、多孔碳氮材料负载的钴纳米催化剂和甲醇混合,氧气氛围下,80~120℃下加热反应,反应结束降温后,分离催化剂和反应液,有机相通过旋蒸除去溶剂,经柱层析硅胶得到反应产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的原料为β-O-4,α-O-4,β-1型木质素模板化合物及溶剂型木质素中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的β-O-4型木质素模板化合物选自:
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的α-O-4型木质素模板化合物为
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的β-1型木质素模板化合物为
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,以β-O-4,α-O-4或β-1型木质素模板化合物为原料时,所述的催化剂中,钴摩尔量为木质素模板化合物的摩尔量的8%以上,所述的加热时间为12~24h。
7.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,以溶剂型木质素为原料时,所述的催化剂中,钴质量为溶剂型木质素质量的3.9%以上。
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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112844379A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 华南理工大学 金属有机骨架材料衍生物负载钌催化木质素解聚制备单酚类化学品的方法
CN113083297A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 中国矿业大学 一种高活性极低负载量钌催化剂Ru@ZIF-8的制备及其在催化加氢方面的应用
CN114308104A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-12 华南理工大学 一种氮掺杂炭材料负载双金属钴、钒催化剂的制备方法及应用
CN114618548A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-14 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种钴基催化剂、其制备方法及在催化氧化裂解木质素中的应用

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114618548A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-14 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种钴基催化剂、其制备方法及在催化氧化裂解木质素中的应用
CN112844379A (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 华南理工大学 金属有机骨架材料衍生物负载钌催化木质素解聚制备单酚类化学品的方法
CN113083297A (zh) * 2021-04-08 2021-07-09 中国矿业大学 一种高活性极低负载量钌催化剂Ru@ZIF-8的制备及其在催化加氢方面的应用
CN113083297B (zh) * 2021-04-08 2022-01-21 中国矿业大学 一种高活性极低负载量钌催化剂Ru@ZIF-8的制备及其在催化加氢方面的应用
CN114308104A (zh) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-12 华南理工大学 一种氮掺杂炭材料负载双金属钴、钒催化剂的制备方法及应用
CN114308104B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2023-11-03 华南理工大学 一种氮掺杂炭材料负载双金属钴、钒催化剂的制备方法及应用

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