CN107074658A - 混凝土疏水化的方法 - Google Patents
混凝土疏水化的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107074658A CN107074658A CN201580057101.5A CN201580057101A CN107074658A CN 107074658 A CN107074658 A CN 107074658A CN 201580057101 A CN201580057101 A CN 201580057101A CN 107074658 A CN107074658 A CN 107074658A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dispersion
- concrete
- range
- ketene dimer
- alkyl ketene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- -1 alkyl ketene dimer Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N (2E)-2-Tetradecenal Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=O WHOZNOZYMBRCBL-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940044654 phenolsulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 31
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diketene Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)O1 WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenone Chemical compound C=C=O CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MLQBTMWHIOYKKC-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(Cl)=O MLQBTMWHIOYKKC-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFDKQJVNMJFNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O LFDKQJVNMJFNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNSAJINGUOTTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-bromophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-ol Chemical compound OCC#CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 UNSAJINGUOTTRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000024675 Eruca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014755 Eruca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010064382 Phaseolus vulgaris alpha-amylase inhibitor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000278 alkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QTHQYNCAWSGBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O QTHQYNCAWSGBCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002311 glutaric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARBOVOVUTSQWSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O ARBOVOVUTSQWSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl Chemical compound O[CH2] CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTBAHSZERDXKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(Cl)=O WTBAHSZERDXKKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1CO1 PUVAFTRIIUSGLK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LTVDFSLWFKLJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-tocopherolquinone Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)(O)CCC1=C(C)C(=O)C(C)=C(C)C1=O LTVDFSLWFKLJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/008—Aldehydes, ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/04—Carboxylic acids; Salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C04B24/045—Esters, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2652—Nitrogen containing polymers, e.g. polyacrylamides, polyacrylonitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/40—Surface-active agents, dispersants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
- C04B2111/1006—Absence of well-defined organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
- C04B2111/1006—Absence of well-defined organic compounds
- C04B2111/1012—Organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种使用烷基烯酮二聚物分散体使混凝土或砂浆疏水化的方法,以及涉及可通过本发明的方法获得的混凝土或砂浆。该方法可以实现混凝土的有效的块体和表面疏水化。
Description
本发明涉及一种使用烷基烯酮二聚物分散体使混凝土疏水化的方法,以及涉及可通过本发明的方法获得的混凝土。
水泥基材料例如混凝土、预制混凝土部件和混凝土制品(如管道、壁段和铺筑板材)经常暴露于水中,由于所述材料通常为多孔的,水可渗入其中。因此,期望使材料具有防水性,以便防止水渗入。为此,使用疏水组合物,特别是脂肪酸基材料、蜡和有机硅酮。然而,需要添加相对大量的脂肪酸基材料和蜡,这可显著影响硬化的水泥基材料的材料性能。使用有机硅酮面临的风险是,该有机硅酮迁移至材料表面,从而使得其内部耗尽了疏水剂。
EP 223 105 A2(US 4,767,457)公开了一种借助水性二硬脂基双烯酮乳液来涂抹基于分散体的涂料材料、合成树脂粘结的抹灰以及含水泥和不含水泥的防水石膏的方法。据称,金属皂和二硬脂基双烯酮难以并入水性体系中。为了实现并入,将大量溶剂如己二酸、戊二酸和丁二酸的二正丁基酯的混合物、2,2,4-三甲基戊烷-1,3-二醇1-异丁酸酯、C2-C8-羧酸与C4-C25-烷醇的酯、烃、萜烯、天然油和低聚聚合物,与烷基硫酸盐、烷基磺酸盐和烷基醚硫酸盐一起用作乳化剂。出于环境原因以及由于对混凝土的机械性能的负面影响,在混凝土制备的水泥基材料中使用这样的溶剂是不可接受的。
AT 391 131 B公开了一种用于制备包含水硬性粘合剂和纤维素纤维的模制品的混合物,所述水硬性粘合剂和纤维素纤维通过用烷基烯酮二聚物进行表面处理而疏水化。JP 2005281051公开了一种绝热材料,其可通过使包含下述物质的混合物硬化而获得:水泥、玻璃火山灰材料(Shirasu球体)、泡沫聚氨酯或发泡聚苯乙烯和纤维、纤维织物或连续纤维增强树脂材料。纤维、纤维织物或连续纤维增强树脂材料通过用烷基烯酮二聚物进行表面处理而疏水化。Cement and Concrete Research 35(2005)2104-2109公开了用于制造纤维水泥的纤维素纤维。所述纤维通过用烷基烯酮二聚物进行表面处理而疏水化。JP H05305608A公开了一种剥离剂,其减少了混凝土表面上的气泡的产生。该剥离剂包含液体防水物质烷基烯酮二聚物和非离子表面活性剂。
现有技术没有提供令人满意的用于疏水化水泥的方法。因此,本发明的根本问题是提供一种有效地使混凝土或砂浆疏水化的方法。另一问题是提供一种有效地使混凝土或砂浆疏水化而又不会显著损害混凝土的性能如可加工性的方法。
出人意料地,目前已发现,该问题通过一种使用烷基烯酮二聚物分散体且不使用有机溶剂来使混凝土或砂浆疏水化的方法而得以解决。
因此,本发明涉及一种制备疏水化的混凝土的方法。
本发明的实施方案如下:
1.一种制备疏水化的混凝土或砂浆的方法,包括以下步骤:
(A)提供适合于混凝土或砂浆制备的水泥浆;
(B1)加入水性烷基烯酮二聚物分散体(AKD分散体),并且使水泥浆硬化,所述水性烷基烯酮二聚物分散体包含:
(a)式(I)和/或式(II)的烷基烯酮二聚物
其中,
R1和R2为包含10至24个碳原子的相同或不同的烃基团;
(b)至少一种氮含量≤1重量%的乳化剂,并且所述乳化剂选自淀粉、纤维素、淀粉衍生物或纤维素衍生物;
(c)苯酚磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物,萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物,或萘磺酸、苯酚、甲醛和脲的缩合产物,其中磺酸基团可任选地以质子化或去质子化的形式存在,或者部分以质子化且部分以去质子化的形式存在;其中,分散体的电荷密度在-5至-150μeq/g的范围内;
或者
(B2)使步骤(A)的水泥浆硬化,并且将所述水性烷基烯酮分散体施用到该硬化的水泥的表面。
2.根据实施方案1所述的方法,其中式I或式II中的烃基团选自支化和非支化的C12-C24-烷基或C12-C24-烯基。
3.根据实施方案1或2所述的方法,其中所述烃基团选自支化和非支化的C12-C24-烷基,更特别是支化和非支化的C14-C20-烷基,且更优选支化和非支化的C16-C18-烷基,例如支化和非支化的C16烷基和支化和非支化的C18烷基。
4.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述AKD分散体还包含至少一种脂肪醇烷氧基化物、脂肪胺烷氧基化物、脂肪酸烷氧基化物或(甲基)丙烯酸酯分散体。
5.根据实施方案4所述的方法,其中所述AKD分散体还包含至少一种脂肪醇烷氧基化物。
6.根据实施方案4或5所述的方法,其中所述脂肪醇和脂肪酸包含8至18个碳原子。
7.根据实施方案4至6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述烷氧基化物为C2-C4烷氧基化物,特别是乙氧基化物和/或丙氧基化物。
8.根据实施方案4至7中任一项所述的方法,其中所述烷氧基化物包含5至30、特别是10至20个烷氧基基团。
9.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述乳化剂为淀粉衍生物。
10.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述乳化剂的氮含量在0.05至1重量%的范围内,特别是0.2至0.8重量%。
11.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述乳化剂在10%w/w水溶液中的布氏(Brookfield)粘度(RVDV-II+PX,转子01,6rpm,20℃)在约3至约200mPas的范围内,特别是在约10至约200mPas或约10至约100mPas的范围内。
12.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述AKD分散体通过将水性前体分散体形式的烷基烯酮二聚物添加到组分(b)和(c)中来制备。
13.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水泥浆包含波特兰水泥(Portland cement)。
14.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含1至60重量%、优选5至50重量%、更特别是10至45重量%的烯酮二聚物,基于分散体的总重量计。
15.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含1至15重量%、优选1至10重量%、更特别是2至8重量%的乳化剂,基于分散体的全部固体含量计。
16.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含硫酸铝,特别是0.1至10重量%、优选0.1至7.5重量%且特别是0.2至5重量%的硫酸铝,基于烯酮二聚物计。
17.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体的电荷密度在-10至-120μeq/g、特别是-20至-100μeq/g的范围内。
18.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中烯酮二聚物与所述缩合产物的重量比在200:1至5:1、特别是100:1至10:1的范围内。
19.根据实施方案4至18中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含0.1至3重量%、优选0.2至2重量%、更优选0.2至1.5重量%的所述脂肪醇烷氧基化物、脂肪胺烷氧基化物或脂肪酸烷氧基化物,基于分散体的全部固体含量计。
20.根据实施方案4至19中任一项所述的方法,其中烯酮二聚物与所述脂肪醇烷氧基化物、脂肪胺烷氧基化物或脂肪酸烷氧基化物的重量比在500:1至10:1、特别是200:1至10:1的范围内。
21.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含蜡,特别是石蜡(paraffin wax)。
22.根据实施方案25所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含2至40重量%、特别是5至30重量%的蜡。
23.根据实施方案21或22所述的方法,其中烯酮二聚物与所述蜡的重量比在50:1至1:50的范围内。
24.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体的pH在3至9、优选4至9、特别是4至8的范围内。
25.根据实施方案14至23中任一项所述的方法,其中水性前体烯酮二聚物分散体的分散相的平均直径<10μm,优选<5μm,更优选<3μm且特别是<2μm,其中下限为0.4μm。
26.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体基本上不含有机溶剂。
27.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述烯酮二聚物的用量为0.02至8重量%,优选为0.1至5重量%,更特别为0.2至3重量%,基于水泥的质量计。
28.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中将一种或多种添加剂额外地添加到所述AKD分散体中,所述添加剂选自纤维素醚、熟石灰、矿物添加剂、低密度聚集物、纤维、含纤维组分、淀粉、改性淀粉、促进剂、增稠剂、缓凝剂、气体夹带剂、发泡剂、消泡剂、溶胀剂、填料、聚丙烯酸酯、分散剂、增塑剂、超吸收剂和稳定剂。
29.根据实施方案28所述的方法,其中所述一种或多种添加剂选自纤维和含纤维组分。
30.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含硫酸铝。
31.根据实施方案30所述的方法,其中所述水性AKD分散体包含0.1至10重量%、优选0.1至7.5重量%且特别是0.2至5重量%的硫酸铝,基于烯酮二聚物计。
32.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述AKD分散体通过下述过程制备:将组分(c)以这样的量加入到组分(b)中,即使得分散体的电荷密度在-5至-150μeq/g的范围内,然后再加入烷基烯酮二聚物。
33.如实施方案1至12或14至32中任一项所定义的水性烷基烯酮二聚物分散体(AKD分散体)用于使混凝土或砂浆疏水化的用途。
34.权利要求33的用途,其中将所述烷基烯酮分散体用于混凝土或砂浆的块体(mass)疏水化。
35.权利要求33的用途,其中将所述烷基烯酮分散体用于混凝土的表面疏水化。
36.一种预制的含水泥建筑材料,其包含用如实施方案1至32中任一项所定义的分散体疏水化的水泥体。
37.可通过实施方案1至32中任一项所述的方法获得的预制的含水泥建筑材料。
38.根据实施方案36或37所述的预制的建筑材料,其选自板材、棒材和管材。
39.根据实施方案36至38中任一项所述的预制的建筑材料,其包含纤维或含纤维组分。
40.根据实施方案39所述的预制的建筑材料,其中所述含纤维组分为纸、玻璃纤维、机织物或非织物玻璃或卡片。
41.根据实施方案40所述的预制的建筑材料,其中所述含纤维组分存在于所述预制的建筑材料的至少一个表面上或以平行于至少一个表面的方式并入到所述预制的建筑材料中。
42.根据实施方案36至41中任一项所述的预制的建筑材料,其中所述含纤维组分包含网状分布的宏观纤维或片状分布的微观纤维。
43.根据实施方案36至42中任一项所述的预制的建筑材料,其中所述纤维为纤维素纤维,并且所述含纤维组分包含纤维素纤维。
附图简介
图1示出了浇注后1天所测量的混凝土的吸水率。
图2示出了浇注后7天所测量的混凝土的吸水率。
图3示出了浇注后35天所测量的混凝土的吸水率。
根据第一实施方案,所述方法适于通过下述过程使混凝土或砂浆块体(本体(body))疏水化:将烷基烯酮二聚物的分散体(以下也称为烷基烯酮分散体或烯酮分散体)添加到水泥浆中,并且使所获得的浆料硬化。优选地,使烷基烯酮分散体和水泥浆充分混合以获得烷基烯酮分散体在浆料中的均匀分布。以这种方式,获得均匀疏水化的混凝土。烷基烯酮分散体在水泥浆中的混合以常规方式进行,例如通过在混凝土制备中使用的常规混合装置进行。
根据第二实施方案,所述方法适于通过下述过程进行混凝土的表面疏水化:首先使步骤(A)的水泥浆硬化为混凝土,然后将烷基烯酮分散体施用到该硬化的混凝土的表面。优选地,将烷基烯酮分散体施用到干混凝土的表面。烷基烯酮分散体向干混凝土表面的施用以常规方式进行,例如通过喷涂或刷涂进行。
水泥浆由水泥混合物制备,所述水泥混合物适合于通过添加一定量的水以达到水与水泥之比<0.80、优选在约0.30至0.70或0.60的范围内、更优选为0.35至0.50的混凝土制备。通过添加烷基烯酮分散体而引入的水被考虑在内。水泥混合物通常包含水泥、细骨料和粗骨料如沙、砂砾或碎石。可使用任何水泥,特别是波特兰水泥或水泥质材料如粉煤灰或矿渣。此外,该混合物还可包含添加剂例如增塑剂、硬化促进剤、坍落保持剂(slumpretainer)、缓凝剂、填料、颜料、缓蚀剂、纤维等。
烯酮二聚物通过烯酮的二聚获得。烯酮例如通过碳酰氯与叔胺的反应来制备。具有特别的工业重要性的是可通过天然存在的脂肪酸或其混合物的氯化而获得的碳酰氯,实例为基于由椰子油、妥尔油、蓖麻油、橄榄油、牛油脂或棕榈仁油得到的脂肪酸的酰氯。碳酰氯的典型实例为肉豆蔻酰氯、棕榈酰氯、硬脂酰氯、油酰氯、山嵛酰氯和异硬脂酰氯。碳酰氯与叔胺的反应特别有利地根据由EP-A 1 453 821已知的方法,在不存在溶剂的情况下,在65至150℃的温度下充分混合来进行。
式I或式II中的烃基团优选地选自支化和非支化的C12-C24-烷基或C12-C24-烯基;更优选地选自支化和非支化的C12-C24-烷基;且非常优选地选自支化和非支化的C14-C20-烷基。非常特别优选地,所述烃基团选自支化和非支化的C14-烷基、C15-烷基、C16-烷基和C18-烷基。
如本文中所用的,“烯基”意指具有一个、两个或三个双键的支化和非支化的烯键式不饱和脂族烃。
已发现,使用具有氮含量≤1重量%的乳化剂的AKD乳液赋予混凝土改善的疏水性。特别地,所述乳化剂选自淀粉、纤维素、淀粉衍生物或纤维素衍生物。
如通过元素分析所测定的氮含量在0.05至1重量%范围内的乳化剂对于高阳离子改性乳化剂而言是低的。合适的乳化剂对于高阳离子改性淀粉和纤维素及其衍生物(优选淀粉及其衍生物)而言是低的。低阳离子改性乳化剂的氮含量为0.05至0.18重量%,而高阳离子改性乳化剂的氮含量为0.2至1重量%。优选的淀粉和纤维素为通过铵结构单元改性的淀粉和纤维素。所考虑的阳离子淀粉和阳离子纤维素包括所有具有氨基基团和/或铵基团作为阳离子基团的水溶性淀粉和水溶性纤维素。这样的淀粉是市售可得的。其例如通过天然淀粉与具有叔氮原子或季氮原子的化合物(例如烷基氨基烷基环氧化合物或烷基氨基烷基氯化物)的反应获得。这样的化合物的实例为3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵和缩水甘油基三甲基氯化铵。
优选的低阳离子淀粉具有相同或不同的且符合式(IIIa)和/或式(IIIb)的铵结构单元
-A-NR3R4
(IIIa)
其中
A为支化或非支化的C1-C4-亚烷基,其任选地被一个或多个羟基或苯基基团取代;或
A为C1-C3-亚烷基-亚苯基、亚苯基-C1-C3-亚烷基或C1-C3-亚烷基-亚苯基-C1-C3-亚烷基,其任选地被一个或多个羟基基团取代;并且
R3、R4和R5相互独立地为支化或非支化的C1-C4-烷基或C2-C4-羟基烷基,R5也可能为H。
优选的是相同或不同的且符合式(IIIb)的铵结构单元,其中
A为-CH2-CHOH-CH2-、-CH2-CH(CH2OH)-或-CH2-CH2-;并且
R3、R4和R5相互独立地为甲基或乙基。
在一个优选的实施方案中,铵结构单元符合式(IV)。
低阳离子淀粉或低阳离子纤维素也可为低阳离子降解淀粉或纤维素。降解淀粉和降解纤维素可通过下述过程获得:首先,使天然淀粉或天然纤维素进行降解过程以降低淀粉或纤维素的分子量,得到在10%w/w水溶液中的布氏粘度(20℃;转子61或62;12rpm)在约10至约500mPas范围内,然后使降解的淀粉或纤维素阳离子化。所述降解可以氧化、热、水解和/或酶解方式进行。本发明的低阳离子淀粉的实例为可购自GmbH的AmylexKLP(氮含量为约≤0.1重量%)。
阳离子乳化剂的其他实例为高阳离子淀粉和高阳离子纤维素(高阳离子意指氮含量大于0.4重量%)。优选的多糖为通过铵结构单元改性的多糖。
高阳离子淀粉或高阳离子纤维素也可为高阳离子化的降解淀粉或纤维素。后者可通过下述过程获得:首先,使天然淀粉或天然纤维素进行降解过程以降低淀粉或纤维素的分子量,然后使降解的淀粉或纤维素阳离子化。所述降解可以氧化、热、水解和/或酶解方式进行。
高阳离子淀粉的取代度优选为0.1至0.5且更优选在0.2至0.4的范围内。
对于阳离子淀粉,合适的基底包括例如源自马铃薯、木薯、稻、小麦、玉米、高粱和豌豆的淀粉。淀粉的支链淀粉含量可为例如0.1%至100%。高阳离子淀粉的一个实例为134EP,其取代度为0.17。特别优选用叔胺或用季胺改性并且粘度为50至200mPas(在布氏粘度计中在20℃的温度下,使用转子2,在固含量为3.0%时测量)的阳离子马铃薯淀粉。本发明的高阳离子淀粉的实例为来自Roquette的Hi-Cat(氮含量为约3.0重量%。
根据一个实施方案,乳化剂在10%w/w水溶液中的布氏粘度(RVDV-II+PX,转子01,6rpm,20℃)在约3至约200mPas的范围内,特别是在约10至约200mPas或约10至约100mPas的范围内。
烯酮二聚物分散体还可通过分散剂、优选通过保护胶体来稳定。所述保护胶体可为非离子型的或两性的,并且更特别地选自合成聚合物、天然聚合物和改性的天然聚合物。
合适的非离子型保护胶体的实例为聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和含有乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羟丙基纤维素或羟丙基甲基纤维素的共聚物等。合适的保护胶体的列表公布在Houben-Weyl,Methoden der organischen Chemie,Band XIV/1,MakromolekulareStoffe,Georg-Thieme-Verlag,Stuttgart,1961,第411至420页中。
合适的两性保护胶体的实例为蛋白质,例如明胶。
特别优选使用的是上述非离子型胶体。
根据本发明,已出人意料地发现,使用含有下述物质的AKD分散体引起了混凝土疏水性的改善:苯酚磺酸或萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物,或苯酚磺酸、苯酚、甲醛和脲的缩合产物。这样的缩合产物可由BASF SE市售购得。实例为DN或NN7718。
此外,已出人意料地发现,烯酮二聚物可部分地用蜡、特别是石蜡代替,而不会损害石膏组合物的疏水性和凝固特性。
水性烯酮分散体优选地包含1至60重量%、更特别是5至50重量%且更优选10至45重量%的烯酮二聚物。水性烯酮分散体优选地还包含0.1至10重量%、更优选0.1至7.5重量%且特别是0.2至5重量%的硫酸铝,基于烯酮二聚物计。
在AKD分散体中,组分(c)的使用量为使得分散体的电荷密度在-5至-150μeq/g的范围内,优选在-10至-120μeq/g的范围内,特别是在-20至-100μeq/g的范围内。因此,缩合产物(c)通常以0.1至5重量%、优选0.5至4重量%且特别是1至3重量%的量存在,基于所述缩合产物计。
分散体的电荷密度通过下述方式测定:使用库仑计(Mütek PCD 04)在pH 3.5下,对于阴离子表面使用0.001mol/L聚-DADMAC-溶液(聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵,可商购自例如Sigma-Aldrich),对于阳离子带电颗粒表面使用0.001mol/L聚乙烯磺酸钠。每个样品取1-2g的量,并用Soerensen缓冲溶液(柠檬酸盐缓冲液和0.1mol/L HCl的混合物,参照:“Chemische Tabellen und Rechentafeln für die analytische Praxis”,Rauscher/Voigt/Wilke/Wilke,第141页)稀释至100mL的体积。使用10mL溶液的样品进行测量。由此,得到以μeq/g分散体计的电荷密度。
水性AKD烯酮分散体优选具有的pH为3至9,优选为4至8。
包含硫酸铝的水性AKD分散体优选还包含至少一种选自饱和C1-C10-羧酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸和无机酸(H2SO4、H3PO4)的酸。该酸优选以0.5至5重量%的量存在,基于烯酮二聚物计。
烯酮二聚物分散体任选地包含下述物质,每种情况下基于烯酮二聚物计:
(a)0.1至10重量%的硫酸铝,和/或
(b)1至15重量%的组分(b),和/或
(c)0.1至5重量%的组分(c),和/或
(d)0.5至5重量%的至少一种具有1至10个C原子的饱和羧酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸和/或无机酸(H2SO4、H3PO4)。
AKD分散体的分散相通常具有的平均直径小于10μm,更特别是小于5μm,优选小于2μm,更优选小于1μm,非常优选小于0.5μm。根据以下实施方案中的一个,烯酮分散体的分散相的平均直径在0.5至10μm、0.5至5μm、1至10μm或1至5μm的范围内。此处所述的烯酮二聚物分散体的尺寸为可通过动态光散射确定的重均尺寸。用于测试该重均尺寸的方法对技术人员来说由例如下述文献熟知:H.Wiese in D.Distler,Polymerdispersionen,Wiley-VCH 1999,4.2.1节,40页及之后的页和其中所引用的文献;以及H.Auweter,D.Horn,J.Colloid Interf.Sci.105(1985)399;D.Lilge,D.Horn,Colloid Polym.Sci.269(1991)704;或H.Wiese,D.Horn,J.Chem.Phys.94(1991)6429。
所用的烯酮二聚物的熔点为约45至70℃。因此,根据温度,分散相可至少部分以液体形式存在。如果将烯酮二聚物——其随后并入石膏半水合物或硬石膏中,如例如在其干燥期间,短暂地(1至60分钟)暴露在高于烯酮二聚物的熔点的温度下,并且再冷却,这是有利的。通常,热处理在40至110℃、更特别是50至100℃且优选60至90℃的温度下进行。
优选使用0.02至8重量%、优选0.1至5重量%、更特别是0.2至3重量%、非常优选0.5至2.5重量%的烯酮二聚物,基于水泥混合物的质量计。
在混凝土的制备中,纤维或含纤维组分可包括在加工过程中。所述纤维可为植物纤维,例如纤维素纤维、玻璃纤维、塑料纤维、矿物纤维或金属纤维。可使用疏水化的纤维或含纤维组分。
AKD分散体可以在水泥浆的制备过程中,与其他组分以任意顺序,即同时或相继地,每次部分地或全部地加入,和/或在水泥浆的制备之后加入。
本发明还涉及可通过本发明的方法获得的疏水化的混凝土。
如本文中所用的“疏水化的”意指如根据“Karsten”(根据如HandbuchBauchemie(ISBN 3-7880-7438-8)中所记载的Karsten的水渗透测试;合适的装置可商购自Ludwig Mohren KG,Aachen)测量的吸水率[cm3/cm2]小于6cm3/cm2(测试样品1天龄,7天后测量的水渗透性)或小于6cm3/cm2(测试样品35天龄,42天后测量的水渗透性)。
以下实施例对本发明进行说明,而非限制本发明。所有百分数均以重量%表示。
实施例1
制备四种混凝土混合物:一种参照混合物和三种用AKD乳液改性的混合物。将AKD(烷基烯酮二聚物)乳液的固体内容物添加在顶部(与参照混合物比较)上。这样做时,在混合物中的0.5%AKD的活动内容物保持恒定。浇注40mm厚的混凝土板,24小时后脱模并在23℃/50%RH下贮存。吸水率通过“Karsten”,Ludwig Mohren KG,Aachen测定。在不同测试天龄下即在浇注后1天、7天和35天后开始。目的在于证明AKD分散体在混凝土中的块体疏水化的效果。块体疏水化通过吸水率的降低来表示。
表1:混合比[kg/m3]
1)与混合物A(参照)相比,在混合物B、C和D的情况下,AKD乳液的固体内容物添加在顶部上。AKD乳液的固含量为35重量%。在AKD乳液剂量方面的不同是由于在活动内容物方面的不同。
AKD I:C16/C18(50:50)烷基烯酮二聚物(在式I和式II中:R1和R2分别为C14烷基和C16烷基)用下述物质分散的水性分散体:3重量%的非离子、低粘度淀粉(GmbH的Amylex 15;氮含量<0.10重量%;布氏粘度为16.5mPas)和1重量%的萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物的钠盐(Tamol NN 7718;可商购自BASF SE)。平均粒径为约2000nm。总的固含量为约35%;AKD为约31%。
AKD II:C16/C18(50:50)烷基烯酮二聚物(在式I和式II中:R1和R2分别为C14烷基和C16烷基)用下述物质分散的水性分散体:1.5重量%的低阳离子降解淀粉和1重量%的萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物的钠盐(Tamol NN 7718;可商购自BASF SE)。平均粒径为约2000nm。总的固含量为约35%;AKD为约33%。
AKD III:C16/C18(50:50)烷基烯酮二聚物(在式I和式II中:R1和R2分别为C14烷基和C16烷基)用下述物质分散的水性分散体:2.6重量%的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和1重量%的萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物的钠盐(Tamol NN 7718;购自BASF SE)。平均粒径为约2000nm。总的固含量为约35%;AKD为约31.4%。
表2:通过“Karsten”测定的吸水率[cm3/cm2]
结果示出,在顶部添加基于总质量计的~1.5%AKD引起了混凝土混合物的块体疏水化,即吸水率显著降低。此外,如图1至3中所证明的,块体疏水化的效果随测试天龄的增加而更明显。
实施例2
对于在混凝土材料上的表面疏水化,测试两种不同类型的AKD分散体(如上定义的AKD I和III)。这些AKD用水以1:4和1:99的方式稀释。将混合物用刷子涂覆在干的混凝土板上(Antoniazzi板)。干燥(24h)后,将水滴置于经涂覆的表面上并观察防水性质。
表3:混合比和贮存稳定性
表4:疏水化性质
可以看出,可实现有效的表面疏水化。不期望的白化可通过稀释AKD分散体而避免。
实施例3:
1.提供以下额外的AKD分散体
AKD分散体IV(对比):
C16/C18(50:50)烷基烯酮二聚物(在式I和式II中:R1和R2分别为C14烷基和C16烷基)用下述物质分散的水性分散体:3重量%的高阳离子改性的、低粘度淀粉(可商购自BASF的Basoplast 88)和1重量%的萘磺酸缩合产物的钠盐(Tamol NN 7718;可商购自BASFSE)。平均粒径为约1000nm。分散体的电荷密度为约+77μeq/g。总的固含量为约24%。
AKD分散体V(根据本发明):
C16/C18(50:50)烷基烯酮二聚物(在式I和式II中:R1和R2分别为C14烷基和C16烷基)用下述物质分散的水性分散体:2重量%的高阳离子改性的、低粘度淀粉和2重量%的萘磺酸与甲醛的缩合产物的钠盐(Tamol NN 7718)。平均粒径为约1000nm。粘度为约10mPas(方法:布氏粘度计,RVDV-II+PX,转子01,6rpm,20℃)。分散体的电荷密度为约-80μeq/g。总的固含量为约20%。16重量%AKD,2重量%淀粉,2重量%缩合产物和80重量%水。
2.将AKD分散体与水泥浆按比例混合以制备如下表1中所示的测试样品:
表1
3.吸水率通过“Karsten”测定并在下表2中以[cm3/cm2]计给出。
表2
结果示出,使用两种分散体即AKD IV和AKD V分散体,吸水率显著降低。然而,与参照AKD I分散体相比,AKD V分散体(根据本发明)赋予了改善的疏水化。
4.制备三种混凝土混合物进行流动测量:一种参照混合物和两种用AKD乳液改性的混合物。将AKD乳液的固体内容物添加到顶部(与参照混合物相比)上。混合后,将混凝土浆料倒入放置在玻璃板上的渐变(graded)的维卡环(Vicat-ring)中。开始混合后两分钟,将维卡环提起,测定浆料的直径。在开始混合后15和30分钟后,进行相同的流动测试。
混合配比[g]在下表3中给出:
表3
流动特性的结果在下表4中给出:
表4
可以看出,与参照混合物A相比,两种AKD分散体均导致变稠。然而,与参照AKD IV分散体相比,AKD V分散体(根据本发明)显示较低程度的变稠。因此,改善了AKD分散体的可加工性。
Claims (15)
1.一种制备疏水化的混凝土或砂浆的方法,包括以下步骤:
(A)提供适合于混凝土或砂浆制备的水泥浆;
(B1)加入水性烷基烯酮二聚物分散体,并且使水泥浆硬化,所述水性烷基烯酮二聚物分散体包含:
(a)式(I)和/或式(II)的烷基烯酮二聚物,或者固体形式的烷基烯酮二聚物
其中,
R1和R2为包含10至24个碳原子的相同或不同的烃基团;
(b)至少一种氮含量≤1重量%的乳化剂,所述乳化剂选自淀粉、纤维素、淀粉衍生物或纤维素衍生物;
(c)苯酚磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物,萘磺酸和甲醛的缩合产物,或萘磺酸、苯酚、甲醛和脲的缩合产物,其中磺酸基团可任选地以质子化或去质子化的形式存在,或者部分以质子化且部分以去质子化的形式存在;
其中,分散体的电荷密度在-5至-150μeq/g的范围内;或者
(B2)使步骤(A)的水泥浆硬化,并且将所述水性烷基烯酮分散体施用到该硬化的水泥的表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述乳化剂选自淀粉、纤维素、改性淀粉和改性纤维素。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的分散体,其具有的电荷密度在-10至-120μeq/g的范围内,特别是在-20至-100μeq/g的范围内。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的分散体,其中所述至少一种乳化剂的氮含量在0.05至1重量%的范围内,特别是在0.2至0.8重量%的范围内。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中式I或式II中的烃基团选自支化和非支化的C12-C24-烷基或C12-C24-烯基。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述烷基烯酮二聚物分散体包含分散体的总重量的5至40重量%的烷基烯酮二聚物。
7.根据前述实施方案中任一项所述的方法,其中所述乳化剂在10%w/w水溶液中的布氏粘度(RVDV-II+PX,转子01,6rpm,20℃)在约3至约200mPas的范围内,特别是在约10至约200mPas或约10至约100mPas的范围内。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述水泥浆通过将水添加到适合于混凝土制备的水泥混合物中来提供。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中烷基烯酮二聚物的用量为水泥混合物的总重量的0.1至10重量%。
10.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其中除缩合产物(c)外,所述水泥浆基本上不含合成树脂。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法,其中所述烷基烯酮二聚物分散体还包含蜡或(甲基)丙烯酸酯分散体。
12.可根据权利要求1至11中任一项获得的疏水化的混凝土或砂浆。
13.如权利要求1至6中任一项或权利要求10中所定义的烷基烯酮分散体用于使混凝土或砂浆疏水化的用途。
14.根据权利要求13所述的用途,其中将所述烷基烯酮分散体用于混凝土或砂浆的块体疏水化。
15.根据权利要求13所述的用途,其中将所述烷基烯酮分散体用于混凝土的表面疏水化。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14190059.7 | 2014-10-23 | ||
EP14190059 | 2014-10-23 | ||
PCT/EP2015/074618 WO2016062866A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | A process for hydrophobization of concrete |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107074658A true CN107074658A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
CN107074658B CN107074658B (zh) | 2019-09-27 |
Family
ID=51786866
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201580057101.5A Active CN107074658B (zh) | 2014-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | 混凝土疏水化的方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10144671B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3209627B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6636022B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN107074658B (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2713003C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2016062866A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112020022237A2 (pt) | 2018-04-30 | 2021-02-02 | Gcp Applied Technologies Inc. | impermeabilização integral sem água |
WO2020073119A1 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-04-16 | Macrocement Industries Ltd. | Cement and process for producing self-protecting cement |
JP6906265B1 (ja) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-07-21 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | 水硬性組成物用添加剤及び水硬性組成物 |
CN114751769B (zh) * | 2022-05-24 | 2023-03-17 | 南京盛科道路新材料科技有限公司 | 一种抗车辙路面沥青混合料及其制备方法 |
CN118145911A (zh) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-06-07 | 四川圣吉鸿博建筑材料有限公司 | 一种高性能混凝土用减胶剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT391131B (de) * | 1986-11-04 | 1990-08-27 | Eternit Werke Hatschek L | Mischung zur herstellung von formkoerpern sowie deren verwendung und daraus gebildete formkoerper |
CN1473138A (zh) * | 2000-10-04 | 2004-02-04 | ղķ˹�������о�����˾ | 使用上浆的纤维素纤维的纤维水泥复合材料 |
CN101466896A (zh) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-06-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 烷基乙烯酮二聚物水分散体 |
Family Cites Families (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US355710A (en) | 1887-01-11 | Shingle-sawing machine | ||
US3307987A (en) * | 1959-08-12 | 1967-03-07 | Nat Gypsum Co | Process of making a gypsum wallboard having a decreased starch content in the gypsum core |
DE1223287B (de) | 1964-09-04 | 1966-08-18 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen von wasserabweisenden Formkoerpern und UEberzuegen aus anorganischen Massen |
US3935021A (en) | 1973-11-05 | 1976-01-27 | Georgia-Pacific Corporation | Water-resistant gypsum products |
JPS5665074A (en) * | 1979-11-02 | 1981-06-02 | Kindai Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Aqueous emulsion of higher fatty acid dimer and preparation thereof |
US4372814A (en) | 1981-05-13 | 1983-02-08 | United States Gypsum Company | Paper having mineral filler for use in the production of gypsum wallboard |
DE3540042A1 (de) | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-14 | Basf Ag | Waessrige distearyldiketen-emulsionen |
GB8920456D0 (en) | 1989-09-11 | 1989-10-25 | Albright & Wilson | Active sizing compositions |
JPH04100994A (ja) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-04-02 | Kindai Kagaku Kogyo Kk | 水性エマルジョンの製造方法 |
JP3007470B2 (ja) | 1992-03-24 | 2000-02-07 | 花王株式会社 | コンクリート用型枠剥離剤 |
US5366810A (en) | 1992-10-09 | 1994-11-22 | General Electric Company | Water-repellent wallboard |
CA2116483C (en) | 1994-02-25 | 1997-07-22 | Lionel Borenstein | Water-resistant gypsum compositions and emulsion for making same |
DE69424173T2 (de) * | 1994-11-24 | 2000-09-28 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Carbodiimide-Verbindungen und dauerhafte wasserabweisende Zusammensetzungen, die diese Verbindungen enthalten |
US5888290A (en) * | 1996-05-24 | 1999-03-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Composition and process for imparting durable repellency to substrates |
DE19540998A1 (de) | 1995-11-03 | 1997-05-07 | Basf Ag | Wäßrige Alkyldiketen-Dispersionen und ihre Verwendung als Leimungsmittel für Papier |
DE19610995C2 (de) | 1996-03-21 | 2002-12-19 | Betzdearborn Inc | Papierleimungsmittel und -verfahren |
US6165259A (en) | 1997-02-05 | 2000-12-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic material |
GB9800368D0 (en) | 1998-01-08 | 1998-03-04 | Mobil Oil Ltd | Gypsum product |
AUPP986099A0 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 1999-05-13 | Pca Hodgson Chemicals Pty Ltd | Water repellent compositions methods and applications therefor |
US6414055B1 (en) | 2000-04-25 | 2002-07-02 | Hercules Incorporated | Method for preparing aqueous size composition |
SE516625C2 (sv) * | 2000-06-20 | 2002-02-05 | Holmen Ab | Säkerhetspapper/kartong och förfarande för framställning därav |
WO2002012625A1 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-14 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sizing dispersion |
DE10158661A1 (de) | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkylketendimeren |
WO2004033581A1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-22 | Borden Chemical, Inc. | Additives for water-resistant gypsum products |
CN100335720C (zh) * | 2003-04-01 | 2007-09-05 | 阿克佐诺贝尔公司 | 分散体 |
JP4773954B2 (ja) | 2003-06-05 | 2011-09-14 | モーメンテイブ・スペシヤルテイ・ケミカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | 石膏製品およびその製造方法 |
JP2005281051A (ja) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Saiki Kensetsu Co Ltd | 断熱材 |
CA2655864A1 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-12-27 | Basf Se | Method for producing aqueous polymer dispersions containing at least one lipophilic active substance and the use thereof |
WO2010053494A1 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2010-05-14 | Henry Company | Wax emulsion for use in building products |
DE102009014957A1 (de) | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | J. Rettenmaier & Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Hydrophobe modifizierte Cellulosefasern für zementöse Selbstverlaufsmassen und Estriche |
US9404221B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2016-08-02 | Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc | Compositions that include hydrophobizing agents and stabilizers and methods for making and using same |
EP2796436A1 (de) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | BASF Construction Solutions GmbH | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Gips |
US20150119490A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-04-30 | Hercules Incorporated | Dry mortar and emulsion/dispersion based compositions |
RU2691239C2 (ru) * | 2014-10-23 | 2019-06-11 | Басф Се | Способ получения сборного строительного материала |
-
2015
- 2015-10-23 WO PCT/EP2015/074618 patent/WO2016062866A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-10-23 CN CN201580057101.5A patent/CN107074658B/zh active Active
- 2015-10-23 RU RU2017117607A patent/RU2713003C2/ru active
- 2015-10-23 US US15/519,865 patent/US10144671B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-23 JP JP2017522044A patent/JP6636022B2/ja active Active
- 2015-10-23 EP EP15784699.9A patent/EP3209627B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT391131B (de) * | 1986-11-04 | 1990-08-27 | Eternit Werke Hatschek L | Mischung zur herstellung von formkoerpern sowie deren verwendung und daraus gebildete formkoerper |
CN1473138A (zh) * | 2000-10-04 | 2004-02-04 | ղķ˹�������о�����˾ | 使用上浆的纤维素纤维的纤维水泥复合材料 |
CN101466896A (zh) * | 2006-06-09 | 2009-06-24 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 烷基乙烯酮二聚物水分散体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3209627B1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
JP2017537863A (ja) | 2017-12-21 |
RU2017117607A3 (zh) | 2019-05-24 |
US20170240468A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
US10144671B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 |
WO2016062866A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 |
CN107074658B (zh) | 2019-09-27 |
RU2713003C2 (ru) | 2020-02-03 |
JP6636022B2 (ja) | 2020-01-29 |
EP3209627A1 (en) | 2017-08-30 |
RU2017117607A (ru) | 2018-11-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107074658B (zh) | 混凝土疏水化的方法 | |
US10131580B2 (en) | Method for producing a prefabricated building material | |
JP6359083B2 (ja) | 石膏含有建材の製造方法及びそれによって疎水化剤としてケテンダイマーを用いて製造される建材 | |
JP2019525885A (ja) | 軽量発泡セメント、セメントボード、およびそれらの作製方法 | |
WO2010112197A1 (de) | Faserstoff als additiv für ein bauprodukt | |
DE102004057996A1 (de) | Hydrophobierendes Additiv | |
JP2017202973A (ja) | 水硬結合性セメント混合物における、収縮性を低減させるための添加剤としての、プロピルエトキシシランオリゴマーベースの水性エマルジョンの使用 | |
CN110342895B (zh) | 一种缓释型硅烷粉末、超疏水水泥基柔性防水涂料及其制备方法 | |
KR102182926B1 (ko) | 수경성 혼합물용 첨가제 | |
RU2291846C1 (ru) | Фиброцементный состав для получения композиционного материала | |
ITVA20100101A1 (it) | Composizione comprendente un legante idraulico | |
JP6456693B2 (ja) | 水中不分離性コンクリート組成物およびその硬化体、ならびに水中不分離性コンクリート組成物の製造方法 | |
KR101852296B1 (ko) | 방수용 실리콘 에멀젼, 방수 보드 및 그 제조방법 | |
CN117209245A (zh) | 一种防水自流平材料及其制备方法和应用 | |
WO2023193882A1 (de) | Mineralischer montageschaum | |
KR20170002762A (ko) | 방수용 실리콘 에멀젼, 방수 보드 및 그 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |