CN107034698A - 一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂 - Google Patents
一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,涉及合成革功能助剂技术领域,由如下重量份数的原料制成:泊洛沙姆10‑15份、水解聚马来酸酐3‑5份、多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺3‑5份、海藻酸钠1‑2份、烯丙基缩水甘油醚1‑2份、蜡助剂0.5‑1份、氯化聚乙烯橡胶0.5‑1份、陶瓷微粉0.3‑0.5份、茶籽粉0.1‑0.3份、磷酸氢二钠0.1‑0.3份、二茂铁0.05‑0.1份、纳米氧化锌0.05‑0.1份、水100‑200份。本发明固色剂不仅能促进色浆的均匀分布,提高上色率和匀染性;还能增强色牢固度,防止合成革制品在使用过程中出现掉色、褪色现象。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及合成革功能助剂技术领域,具体涉及一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂。
背景技术:
合成革,模拟天然革的组成和结构并可作为其代用材料的塑料制品。通常以经浸渍的无纺布为网状层,微孔聚氨酯层作为粒面层制得。其正、反面都与皮革十分相似,并具有一定的透气性,比普通人造革更接近天然革,广泛用于制作鞋、靴、箱包和球类等。
湿法聚氨酯合成革是新一代天然皮革的最佳替代产品,它的生产方法是将聚氨酯树脂的DMF溶液添加各种助剂制成浆料,浸渍或涂覆于基布上,然后放入与DMF具有亲和性、而与聚氨酯树脂不亲和的水中,DMF被水置换,聚氨酯树脂逐渐凝固,从而形成多孔性的皮膜,即湿法聚氨酯半成品革。半成品革经整饰后,成为聚氨酯合成革成品。湿法聚氨酯合成革具有良好的透气、透湿性,滑爽丰满的手感,优良的机械强度,特别是从结构上近似天然皮革,产品用途与天然皮革相同。
固色剂属于合成革的重要功能助剂之一,添加于合成革制备浆料中能起到固色作用,促进色浆在皮膜上的均匀附着,并保证合成革制品在使用过程中具有优异的耐水洗性和耐候性,防止出现掉色、褪色现象。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种固色效果好且能显著改善合成革制品耐水洗性和耐候性防止其出现掉色、褪色现象的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现:
一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,由如下重量份数的原料制成:
泊洛沙姆10-15份、水解聚马来酸酐3-5份、多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺3-5份、海藻酸钠1-2份、烯丙基缩水甘油醚1-2份、蜡助剂0.5-1份、氯化聚乙烯橡胶0.5-1份、陶瓷微粉0.3-0.5份、茶籽粉0.1-0.3份、磷酸氢二钠0.1-0.3份、二茂铁0.05-0.1份、纳米氧化锌0.05-0.1份、水100-200份。
其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)向烯丙基缩水甘油醚中加入蜡助剂和氯化聚乙烯橡胶,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至120-125℃保温混合15-30min,再加入纳米氧化锌,继续在120-125℃保温混合15-30min,然后以10℃/min的降温速度降温至55-65℃保温静置,即得物料I;
(2)向水中加入水解聚马来酸酐和多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温混合15-30min,再加入磷酸氢二钠和二茂铁,继续回流保温混合5-10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料II中加入物料I、陶瓷微粉和茶籽粉,充分混合后自然冷却至室温,再加入泊洛沙姆和海藻酸钠,混合使其完全溶解后将所得混合溶液送入球磨机中研磨,最后过200-300目筛。
所述多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺是由多聚谷氨酸与阳离子聚丙烯酰胺经化学交联制得,其具体制备方法为:将多聚谷氨酸、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺加入水中,搅拌使其溶解完全后静置15-30min,再加入六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚和2-甲基咪唑,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温搅拌0.5-1h,然后加入双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮,继续回流保温搅拌15-30min,并以10℃/min的降温速度降温至0-10℃保温静置1-2h,最后将所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中,干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉,即得多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺。
所述多聚谷氨酸、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、水、六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚、2-甲基咪唑、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮的重量用量比为5-10:15-20:50-100:0.5-1:0.05-0.1:0.5-1:0.1-0.3。
所述蜡助剂由聚乙烯蜡经改性制成,其具体制备方法为:将聚乙烯蜡加热至完全熔融后加入C5石油树脂和纳米氧化锌,充分混合后利用微波处理器微波处理3-5min,10-15min后再次微波处理3-5min,再加入棕榈酸甲酯和环氧大豆油,混合均匀后继续微波处理3-5min,微波处理结束后立即将所得混合物转入-5-0℃环境中密封静置1-2h,最后经粉碎机制成粒径2-3mm颗粒,即得蜡助剂。
所述微波处理器的工作条件为:额定频率2450MHz、输入功率1300W、输出功率700W。
所述聚乙烯蜡、C5石油树脂、纳米氧化锌、棕榈酸甲酯和环氧大豆油的重量用量比为5-10:0.5-1:0.1-0.2:0.3-0.5:0.05-0.1。
上述蜡助剂的添加,不仅能促进固色剂制备原料的共混兼容,提高所制固色剂的性能稳定性;还能起到增强合成革制品柔软度的作用。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明以泊洛沙姆为主要原料,协以多种辅料和助剂制得水性湿法用固色剂,该固色剂使用安全性高,以水作为溶剂,避免使用有机挥发性溶剂存在的环境安全性问题;该固色剂不仅能促进色浆的均匀分布,提高上色率和匀染性;还能增强色牢固度,防止合成革制品在使用过程中出现掉色、褪色现象。
具体实施方式:
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)向2份烯丙基缩水甘油醚中加入0.5份蜡助剂和0.5份氯化聚乙烯橡胶,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至120-125℃保温混合30min,再加入0.05份纳米氧化锌,继续在120-125℃保温混合15min,然后以10℃/min的降温速度降温至55-65℃保温静置,即得物料I;
(2)向100份水中加入5份水解聚马来酸酐和3份多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温混合15min,再加入0.2份磷酸氢二钠和0.05份二茂铁,继续回流保温混合5min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料II中加入物料I、0.3份陶瓷微粉和0.1份茶籽粉,充分混合后自然冷却至室温,再加入10份泊洛沙姆和2份海藻酸钠,混合使其完全溶解后将所得混合溶液送入球磨机中研磨,最后过300目筛。
多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺的制备:将5份多聚谷氨酸、15份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺加入80份水中,搅拌使其溶解完全后静置30min,再加入0.5份六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚和0.05份2-甲基咪唑,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温搅拌30min,然后加入0.5份双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和0.3份N-甲基吡咯烷酮,继续回流保温搅拌15min,并以10℃/min的降温速度降温至0-10℃保温静置1.5h,最后将所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中,干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉,即得多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺。
蜡助剂的制备:将10份聚乙烯蜡加热至完全熔融后加入0.5份C5石油树脂和0.1份纳米氧化锌,充分混合后利用微波处理器微波处理5min,15min后再次微波处理5min,再加入0.3份棕榈酸甲酯和0.1份环氧大豆油,混合均匀后继续微波处理3min,微波处理结束后立即将所得混合物转入-5-0℃环境中密封静置1h,最后经粉碎机制成粒径2-3mm颗粒,即得蜡助剂。
其中,微波处理器的工作条件为:额定频率2450MHz、输入功率1300W、输出功率700W。
实施例2
(1)向1份烯丙基缩水甘油醚中加入1份蜡助剂和0.5份氯化聚乙烯橡胶,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至120-125℃保温混合30min,再加入0.1份纳米氧化锌,继续在120-125℃保温混合15min,然后以10℃/min的降温速度降温至55-65℃保温静置,即得物料I;
(2)向100份水中加入3份水解聚马来酸酐和5份多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温混合15min,再加入0.3份磷酸氢二钠和0.05份二茂铁,继续回流保温混合5min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料II中加入物料I、0.5份陶瓷微粉和0.1份茶籽粉,充分混合后自然冷却至室温,再加入15份泊洛沙姆和1份海藻酸钠,混合使其完全溶解后将所得混合溶液送入球磨机中研磨,最后过300目筛。
多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺的制备:将5份多聚谷氨酸、20份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺加入80份水中,搅拌使其溶解完全后静置30min,再加入0.5份六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚和0.1份2-甲基咪唑,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温搅拌30min,然后加入0.5份双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和0.15份N-甲基吡咯烷酮,继续回流保温搅拌15min,并以10℃/min的降温速度降温至0-10℃保温静置1.5h,最后将所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中,干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉,即得多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺。
蜡助剂的制备:将10份聚乙烯蜡加热至完全熔融后加入0.5份C5石油树脂和0.1份纳米氧化锌,充分混合后利用微波处理器微波处理5min,15min后再次微波处理5min,再加入0.5份棕榈酸甲酯和0.05份环氧大豆油,混合均匀后继续微波处理3min,微波处理结束后立即将所得混合物转入-5-0℃环境中密封静置1h,最后经粉碎机制成粒径2-3mm颗粒,即得蜡助剂。
其中,微波处理器的工作条件为:额定频率2450MHz、输入功率1300W、输出功率700W。
实施例3
(1)向1份烯丙基缩水甘油醚中加入1份聚乙烯蜡和0.5份氯化聚乙烯橡胶,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至120-125℃保温混合30min,再加入0.1份纳米氧化锌,继续在120-125℃保温混合15min,然后以10℃/min的降温速度降温至55-65℃保温静置,即得物料I;
(2)向100份水中加入3份水解聚马来酸酐和5份多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温混合15min,再加入0.3份磷酸氢二钠和0.05份二茂铁,继续回流保温混合5min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料II中加入物料I、0.5份陶瓷微粉和0.1份茶籽粉,充分混合后自然冷却至室温,再加入15份泊洛沙姆和1份海藻酸钠,混合使其完全溶解后将所得混合溶液送入球磨机中研磨,最后过300目筛。
多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺的制备:将5份多聚谷氨酸、20份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺加入80份水中,搅拌使其溶解完全后静置30min,再加入0.5份六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚和0.1份2-甲基咪唑,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温搅拌30min,然后加入0.5份双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和0.15份N-甲基吡咯烷酮,继续回流保温搅拌15min,并以10℃/min的降温速度降温至0-10℃保温静置1.5h,最后将所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中,干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉,即得多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺。
实施例4
分别将实施例1、实施例2和实施例3所制水性固色剂添加到如表1所示配比的水性聚氨酯浆料中,通过湿法制备聚氨酯合成革,并设置不添加水性固色剂的对照例,同时对所制合成革的固色效果进行测定,结果如表2所示。
表1合成革加工原料配比
原料 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对照例 |
水性聚氨酯乳液/kg | 55 | 55 | 55 | 55 |
填充剂/kg | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
增稠剂/kg | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
水性色浆/kg | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
柔软剂/kg | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
渗透剂/kg | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
流平剂/kg | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
水性固色剂/kg | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 |
表2本发明实施例所制水性固色剂的固色效果
项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对照例 |
上色率/% | 92.8 | 93.2 | 81.5 | 68.6 |
匀染性 | 优良 | 优良 | 一般 | 一般 |
水洗色牢度/级 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 4 |
干磨色牢度/级 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 4 |
湿磨色牢度/级 | 3-4 | 3-4 | 3 | 3 |
皂洗色牢度/级 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 |
光、汗复合色牢度/级 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4 | 3-4 |
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.一种适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于,由如下重量份数的原料制成:
泊洛沙姆10-15份、水解聚马来酸酐3-5份、多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺3-5份、海藻酸钠1-2份、烯丙基缩水甘油醚1-2份、蜡助剂0.5-1份、氯化聚乙烯橡胶0.5-1份、陶瓷微粉0.3-0.5份、茶籽粉0.1-0.3份、磷酸氢二钠0.1-0.3份、二茂铁0.05-0.1份、纳米氧化锌0.05-0.1份、水100-200份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)向烯丙基缩水甘油醚中加入蜡助剂和氯化聚乙烯橡胶,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至120-125℃保温混合15-30min,再加入纳米氧化锌,继续在120-125℃保温混合15-30min,然后以10℃/min的降温速度降温至55-65℃保温静置,即得物料I;
(2)向水中加入水解聚马来酸酐和多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺,并以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温混合15-30min,再加入磷酸氢二钠和二茂铁,继续回流保温混合5-10min,即得物料II;
(3)向物料II中加入物料I、陶瓷微粉和茶籽粉,充分混合后自然冷却至室温,再加入泊洛沙姆和海藻酸钠,混合使其完全溶解后将所得混合溶液送入球磨机中研磨,最后过200-300目筛。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:所述多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺是由多聚谷氨酸与阳离子聚丙烯酰胺经化学交联制得,其具体制备方法为:将多聚谷氨酸、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺加入水中,搅拌使其溶解完全后静置15-30min,再加入六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚和2-甲基咪唑,以5℃/min的升温速度升温至回流状态保温搅拌0.5-1h,然后加入双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮,继续回流保温搅拌15-30min,并以10℃/min的降温速度降温至0-10℃保温静置1-2h,最后将所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中,干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉,即得多聚谷氨酸交联聚丙烯酰胺。
4.根据权利要求3所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:所述多聚谷氨酸、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺、水、六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚、2-甲基咪唑、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺和N-甲基吡咯烷酮的重量用量比为5-10:15-20:50-100:0.5-1:0.05-0.1:0.5-1:0.1-0.3。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:所述蜡助剂由聚乙烯蜡经改性制成,其具体制备方法为:将聚乙烯蜡加热至完全熔融后加入C5石油树脂和纳米氧化锌,充分混合后利用微波处理器微波处理3-5min,10-15min后再次微波处理3-5min,再加入棕榈酸甲酯和环氧大豆油,混合均匀后继续微波处理3-5min,微波处理结束后立即将所得混合物转入-5-0℃环境中密封静置1-2h,最后经粉碎机制成粒径2-3mm颗粒,即得蜡助剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:所述微波处理器的工作条件为:额定频率2450MHz、输入功率1300W、输出功率700W。
7.根据权利要求5所述的适用于合成革的水性湿法用固色剂,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯蜡、C5石油树脂、纳米氧化锌、棕榈酸甲酯和环氧大豆油的重量用量比为5-10:0.5-1:0.1-0.2:0.3-0.5:0.05-0.1。
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