CN107227638A - 由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺 - Google Patents

由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN107227638A
CN107227638A CN201710358796.1A CN201710358796A CN107227638A CN 107227638 A CN107227638 A CN 107227638A CN 201710358796 A CN201710358796 A CN 201710358796A CN 107227638 A CN107227638 A CN 107227638A
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fabric
cotton fiber
polyester fibers
hydrophilic polyester
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马晓飞
张丽
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ANHUI SANBAO COTTON KNITTING INVESTMENT Co Ltd
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ANHUI SANBAO COTTON KNITTING INVESTMENT Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，涉及纺织染色技术领域，包括如下步骤：(1)除湿，(2)染色液配制，(3)染色，(4)固色，(5)水洗，(6)脱水，(7)干燥。本发明所述染色工艺对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维加工所制纺织物具有优异的染色效果，上染率达到90％以上，匀染性达到5级，透染性好，洗涤牢度、汗浸牢度、日晒牢度、熨烫牢度、升华牢度、摩擦牢度均能达到5级，从而保证染色纺织物的使用质量。

Description

由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺
技术领域：
本发明涉及纺织染色技术领域，具体涉及一种由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺。
背景技术：
由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维加工所制纺织物因其具有优异的吸湿透湿性、力学性能和使用手感等特性，而成为热湿舒适性纺织品的高档面料。在纺织物加工过程中，需要对纺织物通过染色而赋予其感官色彩。
对不同材质的纺织物需要选择适合的染色剂进行染色，否则不能保证染色质量，经染色的纺织物可能出现褪色、掉色和染色不均匀的问题，从而影响纺织物的外观色彩和使用寿命。
由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维加工制得的混纺织物属于新型纺织物面料，目前还没有专用于这种面料的染色，而使用其他面料染色剂对其染色又不能保证上色率和色牢度。针对这一问题，本公司开发出一种专用于由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，利用所述染色剂和所述染色工艺提高上色率、色牢度和匀染性等。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种上色率高、色牢度强和匀染性好的由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比15-25:10-15:5-10:50-100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以0.5-1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡10-15min，静置30-60min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡10-15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比100-150:5-10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以1-2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15-20min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3-5h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
所述颜料选自无机颜料、有机颜料中的一种或两种混合物。
所述匀染剂由如下重量份数的原料制成：泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物3-5份、多聚谷氨酸1-2份、交联聚维酮1-2份、水解聚马来酸酐0.5-1份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5-1份、烯丙基缩水甘油醚0.3-0.5份、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：向交联聚维酮中加入水解聚马来酸酐和烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入多聚谷氨酸和双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
所述泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物由泊洛沙姆与壳寡糖在复合助剂作用下复合而成，其制备方法为：向泊洛沙姆中加入双丙酮丙烯酰胺和氢化棕榈油，升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入壳寡糖和六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
所述泊洛沙姆、双丙酮丙烯酰胺、氢化棕榈油、壳寡糖和六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚质量比为3:0.05-0.1:0.01-0.03:2:0.01-0.03。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)通过对织物进行除湿来控制织物含湿量，以保证染色液的染料浓度；
(2)通过分阶升温染色法，来避免长时间沸染造成的染色液因水分蒸发而导致染色液浓度骤变的问题；
(3)通过在固色工艺中加入匀染剂来提高匀染性和色牢度；
(4)经测试，本发明所述染色工艺对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维加工所制纺织物具有优异的染色效果，上染率达到90％以上，匀染性达到5级，透染性好，洗涤牢度、汗浸牢度、日晒牢度、熨烫牢度、升华牢度、摩擦牢度均能达到5级，从而保证染色纺织物的使用质量。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比20:15:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡10min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比150:10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色20min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
匀染剂的制备：向2kg交联聚维酮中加入0.5kg水解聚马来酸酐和0.5kg烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入1kg多聚谷氨酸和0.1kg双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入5kg泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和0.5kg乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物的制备：向3kg泊洛沙姆中加入0.05kg双丙酮丙烯酰胺和0.01kg氢化棕榈油，升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入2kg壳寡糖和0.02kg六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
实施例2
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比25:15:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡15min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比150:10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
匀染剂的制备：向1kg交联聚维酮中加入0.5kg水解聚马来酸酐和0.3kg烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入2kg多聚谷氨酸和0.1kg双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入3kg泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和0.5kg乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物的制备：向3kg泊洛沙姆中加入0.1kg双丙酮丙烯酰胺和0.02kg氢化棕榈油，升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入2kg壳寡糖和0.03kg六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
对照例1
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比25:15:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡15min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比150:10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
匀染剂的制备：向1kg交联聚维酮中加入0.5kg水解聚马来酸酐和0.3kg烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入2kg多聚谷氨酸和0.1kg双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入3kg泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和0.5kg乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物的制备：将3kg泊洛沙姆升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入2kg壳寡糖，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
对照例2
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比25:15:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡15min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比150:10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
匀染剂的制备：向1kg交联聚维酮中加入0.5kg水解聚马来酸酐和0.3kg烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入2kg多聚谷氨酸和0.1kg双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入0.5kg乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
对照例3
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比25:15:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡15min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比150:10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
其中，匀染剂参照专利CN 102418287中，由亚甲基双萘磺酸盐15％、木质素磺酸盐20％、羧甲基纤维素5％、尿素3％，余量为水。
对照例4
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比25:25:10:100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡15min，静置30min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：以2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
匀染剂的制备：向1kg交联聚维酮中加入0.5kg水解聚马来酸酐和0.3kg烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入2kg多聚谷氨酸和0.1kg双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入3kg泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和0.5kg乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物的制备：向3kg泊洛沙姆中加入0.1kg双丙酮丙烯酰胺和0.02kg氢化棕榈油，升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入2kg壳寡糖和0.03kg六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
实施例3
分别利用实施例1、实施例2、对照例1、对照例2、对照例3和对照例4所制染色工艺对同批由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行染色，对染色效果进行测定，结果如表1所示。
表1本发明染色工艺的染色效果
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (5)

1.由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)除湿：利用40-45℃热风对由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物进行除湿，使织物含湿量降低至0.5％以下；
(2)染色液配制：将颜料、匀染剂、渗透剂和水以质量比15-25:10-15:5-10:50-100的比例混合，搅拌使固形物完全溶解，再利用无机碱溶液调节pH值至7.5-8，即得染色液；
(3)染色：将经除湿后的织物浸泡到染色液中，以0.5-1℃/min的升温速度升温至50-55℃保温浸泡10-15min，静置30-60min，继续以此升温速度升温至沸腾状态保温浸泡10-15min，并自然冷却；
(4)固色：向经自然冷却至35-40℃染色液中按质量比100-150:5-10的比例加入匀染剂，充分混合，然后以1-2℃/min的升温速度升温至65-70℃对染色织物固色15-20min；
(5)水洗：利用15-20℃冷水水洗染色后的织物，再利用35-40℃温水水洗；
(6)脱水：对水洗后的织物压榨脱水，控制脱水后的织物含水量在45-50％；
(7)干燥：将脱水后的织物先于55-60℃下干燥3-5h，再于75-80℃下烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，其特征在于：所述颜料选自无机颜料、有机颜料中的一种或两种混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述匀染剂由如下重量份数的原料制成：泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物3-5份、多聚谷氨酸1-2份、交联聚维酮1-2份、水解聚马来酸酐0.5-1份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.5-1份、烯丙基缩水甘油醚0.3-0.5份、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺0.1-0.3份，其制备方法为：向交联聚维酮中加入水解聚马来酸酐和烯丙基缩水甘油醚，充分混合后于微波频率2450MHz、输出功率700W下微波处理5min，静置30min后再加入多聚谷氨酸和双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺，混合均匀后继续微波处理5min，然后加入泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物和乙二胺四乙酸二钠，并在搅拌下向所得混合物中加入沸水，直至混合物完全溶解，所得混合液于搅拌下自然冷却至室温，最后送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得匀染剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，其特征在于：所述泊洛沙姆/壳寡糖复合物由泊洛沙姆与壳寡糖在复合助剂作用下复合而成，其制备方法为：向泊洛沙姆中加入双丙酮丙烯酰胺和氢化棕榈油，升温至115-120℃保温研磨15min，再加入壳寡糖和六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚，继续在115-120℃保温研磨30min，并以5℃/min的降温速度降温至0-5℃保温静置2h，然后在搅拌下加入沸水，加完后自然冷却至室温，所得混合液送入喷雾干燥机中，干燥所得颗粒经超微粉碎机制成微粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的由亲水性聚酯纤维/羧基棉纤维所制混纺织物的染色工艺，其特征在于：所述泊洛沙姆、双丙酮丙烯酰胺、氢化棕榈油、壳寡糖和六羟甲基三聚氰胺六甲醚质量比为3:0.05-0.1:0.01-0.03:2:0.01-0.03。
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