CN107031616A - 用于动力传递系统的控制设备 - Google Patents

用于动力传递系统的控制设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107031616A
CN107031616A CN201611122386.9A CN201611122386A CN107031616A CN 107031616 A CN107031616 A CN 107031616A CN 201611122386 A CN201611122386 A CN 201611122386A CN 107031616 A CN107031616 A CN 107031616A
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power
engine
motor
gear
speed
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CN201611122386.9A
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CN107031616B (zh
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小林宽英
吉川雅人
田中敬朗
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/46—Series type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于动力传递系统的控制设备。当电子式无级变速器中发生故障并且发动机的运转被停止时，使自动变速器升档。因此，当由于运转的停止而使发动机的旋转停止时，相比于判定电子式无级变速器发生故障之前，AT输入转速减小。因此，与不使自动变速器升档时相比，MG1转速的绝对值减小，因此防止了第一电动机的过转速。

Description

用于动力传递系统的控制设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于动力传递系统的控制设备，该动力传递系统包括彼此串联的电子式变速机构和机械式变速机构。
背景技术
公知一种用于动力传递系统的控制设备，所述动力传递系统包括电子式变速机构、第二电动机和机械式变速机构。电子式变速机构包括差动机构和第一电动机。发动机联接到差动机构使得动力被传递。第一电动机联接到差动机构使得动力被传递。通过控制第一电动机的运转状态来控制差动机构的差动状态。第二电动机联接到电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件使得动力被传递。机械式变速机构构成输出旋转构件和驱动轮之间的动力传递路径的一部分。例如，这是日本专利申请公开第2006-327583号(JP 2006-327583 A)中描述的一种用于车辆的驱动系统。JP 2006-327583A描述了使用已知的行星齿轮式自动变速器作为机械式变速机构，并且自动变速器根据预定的换档特性图来变速。
附带一提的是，当存在阻止第一电动机控制电子式变速机构的故障时，发动机可以通过切断燃料而被停止。在这种情况下，在电子式变速机构中，不能通过使用第一电动机来控制发动机转速，因此通过考虑到进行差动作用的差动机构中的旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系，基于旋转被停止的发动机的转速和机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速(其与电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件的转速同义)来确定第一电动机的转速。基于车速和机械式变速机构的齿数比来确定机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速。此时，机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的高转速可能会导致第一电动机的过转速。相反，为上述故障的发生做准备，可以想到使车辆在避开如下行驶范围的同时行驶：其高于或等于机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速并且在发动机的旋转停止时导致第一电动机的过转速，也就是，限制已知的换档特性图中高车速低齿数比侧的使用。然而，即使当驾驶员的加速要求大时，上述限制也限制车辆以低齿数比加速直到高车速，因此存在这样的可能性：在没有故障的正常状态下行驶的驾驶性能恶化。
发明内容
本发明提供一种控制设备，所述控制设备用于包括彼此串联的电子式变速机构和机械式变速机构的动力传递系统，并且能够在电子式变速机构的正常状态下行驶中不恶化驾驶性能，防止在电子式变速机构发生故障情况下第一电动机的过转速。
本发明的第一方案涉中涉及一种用于动力传递系统的控制设备。所述动力传递系统包括电子式变速机构，所述电子式变速机构包括发动机联接到其使得动力被传递的差动机构和联接到所述差动机构使得动力被传递的第一电动机。所述电子式变速机构被构造为使得通过控制所述第一电动机的运转状态来控制所述差动机构的差动状态。所述动力传递系统包括联接到所述电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件使得动力被传递的第二电动机。所述动力传递系统包括构成所述输出旋转部件和驱动轮之间的动力传递路径的一部分的机械式变速机构。所述控制设备包括：故障判定单元，其判定所述电子式变速机构中是否存在故障，所述故障使所述第一电动机的所述运转状态不能够被控制；发动机工作控制单元，其停止所述发动机的运转；以及变速控制单元，当判定所述电子式变速机构中存在所述故障并且所述发动机的所述运转被停止时，所述变速控制单元使所述机械式变速机构在所述发动机的旋转停止之前开始升档。
在本发明的第二方案中，所述控制设备可以进一步包括：过转速判定单元，其当判定所述电子式变速机构中存在所述故障并且所述发动机的所述运转停止时,计算出在所述发动机的所述旋转停止的状态下的所述第一电动机的估计转速，并且其判定所述第一电动机的所述估计转速是否落在预定过转速范围之内，并且当判定所述第一电动机的所述估计转速落在所述预定过转速范围之内时，所述变速控制单元可以使所述机械式变速机构开始升档。
在本发明的第三方案中，所述变速控制单元可以计算出在所述发动机的所述旋转停止的状态下所述第一电动机的所述转速落在所述预定过转速范围之外处的所述机械式变速机构的估计速度比，并且可以使所述机械式变速机构升档以便所述机械式变速机构的所述速度比被设定为所述估计速度比。
在本发明的第四方案中，所述机械式变速机构可以是通过由接合和释放接合装置引起的变速来选择性地建立多个档速位置的自动变速器，并且所述变速控制单元通过接合用于建立升档后的所述档速位置的所述接合装置使所述机械式变速机构进行升档。
在本发明的第五方案中，所述差动机构可以包括三个旋转元件，所述三个旋转元件就是所述发动机联接到其使得动力被传递的输入元件、所述第一电动机联接到其使得动力被传递的反作用力元件、以及联接到所述电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件的输出元件。
根据本发明的第一方案，当判定在电子式变速机构中存在故障并且发动机的运转被停止时，使得机械式变速机构在发动机的旋转停止之前开始升档。因此，当发动机的旋转由于发动机的运转的停止的结果而被停止时，与判定电子式变速机构中存在故障之前相比，电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件的转速减小。因此，基于差动机构的各旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系，第一电动机的转速在绝对值上比不使机械式变速机构升档的情况下的绝对值低，因此防止了第一电动机的过转速。这意味着，在电子式变速机构的正常状态下行驶时，车辆不需要在避开如下行驶范围的同时行驶：高于或等于机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速并且当发动机的旋转停止时导致第一电动机的过转速。因此，在包括彼此串联的电子式变速机构和机械式变速机构的动力传递系统中，能够在电子式变速机构发生故障情况下防止第一电动机的过转速，而在电子式变速机构的正常状态下行驶时不恶化驾驶性能。
根据本发明的第二方案，当在发动机的旋转停止的状态下第一电动机的估计转速落在预定过转速范围之内时，使机械式变速机构开始升档，因此可以在电子式变速机构发生故障的情况下适当地防止第一电动机的过转速。
根据本发明的第三方案，使机械式变速机构升档，使得速度比变为在发动机的旋转停止的状态下第一电动机的转速落在预定过转速范围之外处的机械式变速机构的估计速度比，从而能够可靠地防止在电子式变速机构发生故障的情况下第一电动机的过转速。
根据本发明的第四方案，机械式变速机构是自动变速器，其中通过接合和释放接合装置引起变速来选择性地建立多个档速位置，并且所述变速控制单元通过接合用于建立升档后的所述档速位置的所述接合装置使所述机械式变速机构进行升档。因此，能够迅速地减小电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件的转速，其结果是能够可靠地防止在电子式变速机构发生故障的情况下第一电动机的过转速。也就是说，在通过接合用于建立升档后的档速位置的接合装置来使机械式变速机构进行升档的变速控制的情况下，机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速随着用于升档的接合的进行而减小。因此，在机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速自然减小之后，与对于接合用于建立升档后的档速位置的接合装置的变速控制的情况相比，机械式变速机构的输入旋转构件的转速的减小速度增大，因此，能够可靠地防止在电子式变速机构发生故障的情况下第一电动机的过转速。
根据本发明的第五方案，基于差动机构的三个旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系，与机械式变速机构未被致使升档的情况相比，第一电动机的转速的绝对值减小，从而防止第一电动机的过转速。
附图说明
下面将参照附图对本发明的示范性实施例的特征、优点以及技术和工业意义进行描述，其中相同的标号表示相同的元件，且其中：
图1是示出设置在本发明应用于的车辆中的动力传递系统的示意性构造的视图，且是示出用于车辆中的各种控制的控制功能和控制系统的相关部分的视图；
图2是显示动力分配机构中的旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系的共线图，且是显示行驶中的例子的视图；
图3是示出自动变速器的例子的概要图；
图4是示出图3所示的自动变速器的变速工作与用于变速工作的被操作的接合装置的组合之间的关系的工作图；和
图5是示出电子控制单元的控制工作，也就是，用于在包括彼此串联的电子式无级变速器和自动变速器的动力传递系统中，在不使在电子式无级变速器的正常状态下行驶时的驾驶性能恶化的同时，在电子式无级变速器发生故障的情况下防止第一电动机的过转速的控制工作的相关部分的流程图。
具体实施例
下面，将参照附图对本发明的实施例进行详细地说明。
图1是示出设置在本发明应用于的车辆10中的动力传递系统12的示意性构造的视图，且是示出用于车辆10中的各种控制的控制系统的相关部分的视图。在图1中，车辆10是包括发动机14、第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2的混合动力车辆。动力传递系统12包括动力分配机构16和自动变速器(AT)20。动力分配机构16用作差动机构，其中发动机14、第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2中的每一个都联接到多个旋转元件(旋转构件)中的任一个，使得动力被传递。自动变速器(AT)20布置在动力分配机构16和驱动轮18之间。在动力传递系统12中，从发动机14或第二电动机MG2输出的动力(在没有特别区分时，动力与转矩和力同义)传递到自动变速器20，并且经由差动齿轮单元22等从自动变速器20传递到驱动轮18。
发动机14是车辆10的主动力源，并且是诸如汽油发动机和柴油发动机的已知的内燃机。发动机14的运转状态，诸如节气门开度θth、进气量、燃料供给量和点火正时由电子控制单元50(稍后描述)控制。因此，发动机转矩Te被控制。
第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2中的每一个都是具有电动机的功能和发电机的功能，并且作为电动机或发电机而选择性地工作的电动发电机。这些第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2经由逆变器24连接到电池26。逆变器24设置在动力传递系统12中。电池26设置在动力传递系统12中。当逆变器24由电子控制单元50(稍后描述)控制时，第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2的输出转矩(或再生转矩)MG1转矩Tg和MG2转矩Tm被控制。电池26是与第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2中的每一个交换电力的蓄电装置。
动力分配机构16由已知的单小齿轮行星齿轮系形成，并且起提供差动作用的差动机构的作用。单小齿轮行星齿轮系包括作为三个旋转元件的太阳轮S、内齿圈R和行星齿轮架CA。内齿圈R与太阳轮S同心地布置。行星齿轮架CA支撑小齿轮P，使得小齿轮P能够自转和公转。每个小齿轮P与太阳轮S和内齿圈R相啮合。在动力传递系统12中，发动机14经由减振器28联接到行星齿轮架CA使得动力被传递，第一电动机MG1联接到太阳轮S使得动力被传递，并且第二电动机MG2联接到内齿圈R使得动力被传递。在动力分配机构16中，行星齿轮架CA起输入元件作用，太阳轮S起反作用力元件作用，并且内齿圈R起输出元件作用。
动力分配机构16中的各旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系由图2中的共线图示出。在该共线图中，纵轴S(g轴)、纵轴CA(e轴)和纵轴R(m轴)分别表示太阳轮S的转速、行星齿轮架CA的转速和内齿圈R的转速，并且纵轴S、纵轴CA和纵轴R中的任意相邻的两者之间的间隔被设定为使得纵轴S与纵轴CA之间的间隔为1、纵轴CA与纵轴R之间的间隔为ρ(也就是，动力分配机构16的齿数比ρ＝太阳轮S的齿数Zs/内齿圈R的齿数Zr)。关于实线和交替的长双短点划线，自动变速器20的档速位置(档位)为低速档(例如，第一速档位)(参见实线)的状态与档速位置(档位)为高速档(例如，第二速档位)(参见交替的长双短点划线)的状态在相同的车速V以及相同的发动机转速Ne处进行相互比较。
图2中的实线和交替的长双短点划线均表示在允许车辆进行发动机行驶的混合动力驱动模式下的旋转元件的相对转速。在发动机行驶中，车辆通过至少使用发动机14作为驱动源而行驶。在该混合动力驱动模式中，在动力分配机构16中，当相对于输入到行星齿轮架CA的发动机转矩Te，作为由第一电动机MG1产生的负转矩的反作用力转矩被输入到正旋转中的太阳轮S中时，内齿圈R中出现作为正旋转中的正转矩的直接发动机转矩Td(＝Te/(1+ρ)＝-(1/ρ)×Tg)。响应于要求驱动力，直接发动机转矩Td和MG2转矩Tm的合成转矩经由自动变速器20传递到驱动轮18作为车辆前进方向上的驱动力。此时，第一电动机MG1起在正旋转中产生负转矩的发电机作用。由第一电动机MG1产生的电力Wg用于对电池26充电或被第二电动机MG2消耗。第二电动机MG2通过使用所产生的电力Wg的全部或一部分，或者除了所产生的电力Wg之外还使用来自电池26的电力来输出MG2转矩Tm。当由第二电动机MG2消耗的电力Wm是由消耗全部所产生的电力Wg而产生的电力且不包括由消耗从电池26获取的电力而产生的电力时，电池26的充放电电力收支是平的。
如图2中的虚线A、B所示，在允许车辆进行电动机行驶的电动机行驶模式的共线图中，在动力分配机构16中，行星齿轮架CA的旋转被设定为零，且作为正向旋转的正转矩的MG2转矩Tm被输入到内齿圈R。在电动机行驶中，在发动机14停止的同时，车辆通过使用第二电动机MG2作为驱动源而行驶。此时，联接到太阳轮S的第一电动机MG1置于无负荷状态，并且在使得以负向旋转空转。也就是，在电动机行驶模式下，发动机14不被驱动，发动机转速Ne被设定为零，且MG2转矩Tm(这里为正向旋转的动力运行转矩)经由自动变速器20作为车辆前进行驶方向上的驱动力被传递到驱动轮18。
在动力传递系统12中设置有电子式无级变速器30(参见图1)。电子式无级变速器30包括动力分配机构16，动力分配机构16包括三个旋转元件，也就是行星齿轮架CA、太阳轮S和内齿圈R。行星齿轮架CA用作发动机14联接到其使得动力被传递的第一旋转元件RE1。太阳轮S用作第二旋转元件RE2，其中用作差动电动机的第一电动机MG1联接到第二旋转元件RE2使得动力被传递。内齿圈R用作第三旋转元件RE3，其中用作驱动电动机的第二电动机MG2联接到第三旋转元件RE3使得动力被传递。电子式无级变速器30用作电子式变速机构(电子式差动机构)。在电子式变速机构(电子式差动机构)中，通过控制第一电动机MG1的运行状态来控制动力分配机构16的差动状态。也就是，电子式无级变速器30包括动力分配机构16和第一电动机MG1。发动机14联接到动力分配机构16使得动力被传递。第一电动机MG1联接到动力分配机构16使得动力被传递。通过控制第一电动机MG1的运行状态来控制动力分配机构16的差动状态。电子式无级变速器30作为改变变速比γ0(＝发动机转速Ne/MG2转速Nm)的电子式无级变速器来工作。
返回参照图1，自动变速器20是构成传递构件32与驱动轮18之间的动力传递路径的一部分的机械式变速机构。传递构件32是电子式无级变速器30的输出旋转构件。传递构件32一体地联接到内齿圈R，并且一体地联接到作为自动变速器20的输入旋转构件的变速器输入轴(AT输入轴)34。第二电动机MG2联接到传递构件32使得动力被传递。动力传递系统12包括彼此串联的电子式无级变速器30和自动变速器20。例如，自动变速器20包括多组行星齿轮系和多个接合装置，并且是实行所谓的离合器至离合器变速的已知的行星齿轮式自动变速器。在离合器至离合器变速中，通过改变多个接合装置中的任意两个接合装置的接合和释放状态来使自动变速器20变速。也就是说，自动变速器20是通过接合和释放接合装置来变速，并且选择性地建立具有不同速度比(齿数比)γat(＝AT输入转速Ni/AT输出转速No)的多个档速位置(档位)的机械式变速器机构。
多个接合装置中的每一个是在变速器输入轴34和变速器输出轴(AT输出轴)36之间传递旋转和转矩的液压摩擦接合装置。变速器输入轴34从发动机14或第二电动机MG2接收动力。变速器输出轴36是自动变速器20的输出旋转构件，并且将动力传递到驱动轮18。控制这些接合装置中的每一个的接合或释放状态，使得通过利用设置在自动变速器20中的液压控制回路38中电磁阀等来调节接合液压(离合器液压)从而改变相应的转矩容量(离合器转矩)。在本实施例中，为了方便起见，多个接合装置被称为离合器C；然而，离合器C除了离合器之外还包括已知的制动器等。
例如，每个离合器C的离合器转矩取决于离合器C的摩擦材料的摩擦系数和用于按压摩擦板的离合器液压。为了在不使每个离合器C打滑(也就是，在每个离合器C中不出现差动转速)的同时，在变速器输入轴34和变速器输出轴36之间传递转矩(例如，作为输入到变速器输入轴34的转矩的AT输入转矩Ti)，要求如下的离合器转矩：该离合器转矩供给对于该转矩需要分配给每个离合器C的离合器传递转矩(也就是，分配给各离合器C的转矩)。然而，在提供离合器传递转矩的离合器转矩中，即使当离合器转矩增加时，离合器传递转矩也不增加。也就是说，离合器转矩对应于每个离合器C能够传递的最大转矩，而离合器传递转矩对应于每个离合器C实际传递的转矩。例如，除了供给每个离合器C的压实所需的离合器液压的区域以外，离合器转矩(或离合器传递转矩)和离合器液压大体具有成比例的关系。
图3是示出自动变速器20的例子的概要图。自动变速器20相对于变速器输入轴34的轴线C大致对称，因此在图3中省略了轴线C下方的下半部分。在图3中，在自动变速器20中，第一行星齿轮系21a和第二行星齿轮系21b的旋转元件(太阳轮S1、S2、行星齿轮架CA1、CA2和内齿圈R1、R2)直接地或经由离合器C(例如离合器C1、C2和制动器B1、B2)或单向离合器F1间接地(或选择性地)，部分地彼此联接或联接到变速器输入轴34、用作非旋转构件的壳体40或变速器输出轴36。作为用于接合或释放每个离合器C的控制的结果，响应于驾驶员的加速器操作、车速V等，如图4的接合工作图表所示，建立前进四速档位。在图4中的“第一”到“第四”分别意指作为前进档位的第一速档位至第四速档位。图4的接合工作图表总结了每个档位与每个离合器C的工作状态之间的关系。圆圈标记表示接合状态，三角形标记表示发动机制动期间的接合状态，并且空白表示释放状态。因为单向离合器F1设置并联于建立第一速档位“第1”的制动器B2，所以在移动开始时(加速时)，不需要接合制动器B2。
返回参照图1，例如，车辆10包括电子控制单元50，所述电子控制单元50包括用于动力传递系统12的控制设备。图1是示出电子控制单元50的输入/输出线的视图，并且是示出由电子控制单元50实施的控制功能的相关部分的功能框图。电子控制单元50包括所谓的微型计算机。该微型计算机包括例如CPU、RAM、ROM、输入/输出接口等。CPU通过在利用RAM的暂时存储功能的同时，根据预先存储在ROM中的程序来执行信号处理，以便对车辆10执行各种控制。例如，电子控制单元50被配置为执行各种输出控制，包括对发动机14的输出控制和对第一电动机MG1以及第二电动机MG2的再生控制、对自动变速器20的变速控制等。必要时，电子控制单元50划分为用于控制发动机的电子控制单元、用于控制电动机的电子控制单元、用于控制液压(用于控制变速)的电子控制单元等。
基于由车辆10的各种传感器检测到的检测信号的各种实际值被供给到电子控制单元50。例如，各种传感器包括发动机转速传感器60、诸如分解器的电动机转速传感器62、64、车速传感器66、加速器操作量传感器68、节气门开度传感器70等。例如，各种实际值包括发动机转速Ne、MG1转速Ng、MG2转速Nm、AT输出转速No、加速器操作量θacc、节气门开度θth等。发动机转速Ne是发动机14的转速。MG1转速Ng是第一电动机MG1的转速。MG2转速Nm是第二电动机MG2的转速，且对应于为变速器输入轴34的转速的AT输入转速Ni。AT输出转速No为变速器输出轴36的转速，并且对应于车速V。加速器操作量θacc是作为驾驶员的加速要求量的加速踏板的操作量。节气门开度θth是电子节气门的开度。从电子控制单元50输出发动机输出控制命令信号Se、电动机控制命令信号Smg、液压控制命令信号Sp等。发动机输出控制命令信号Se用于控制发动机14的输出。电动机控制命令信号Smg用于操作控制第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2的逆变器24。液压控制命令信号Sp用于控制与自动变速器20的变速相关联的离合器C。例如，液压控制命令信号Sp是用于驱动调节分别供给离合器C的各个液压致动器的各个离合器液压的各个电磁阀的命令信号(液压命令值)，并且被输出到液压控制回路38。
电子控制单元50包括混合动力控制手段，也就是混合动力控制单元52；以及变速控制手段，也就是变速控制单元54。
混合动力控制单元52包括发动机工作控制工具，即发动机工作控制单元55的功能，以及电动机工作控制工具，即电动机工作控制单元56的功能。发动机工作控制单元55控制发动机14的操作。电动机工作控制单元56经由逆变器24控制第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2的工作。混合动力控制单元52利用那些控制功能通过使用发动机14、第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2来执行混合动力驱动控制等。具体地，混合动力控制单元52通过将加速器操作量θacc和车速V应用于根据经验获得的或者通过设计获得的并且预先存储(即，预定)的关系(例如，驱动力映射图表)来计算要求驱动力Fdem。混合动力控制单元52输出用于控制发动机14、第一电动机MG1和第二电动机MG2的命令信号(发动机输出控制命令信号Se和电动机控制命令信号Smg)，使得要求驱动力Fdem是考虑到发动机最佳燃料消耗点、传递损失、辅助负荷、自动变速器20的齿数比γat、电池26的能够充电电力Win和能够放电电力Wout等而获得的。作为该控制的结果，电子式无级变速器30的变速比γ0被控制。
变速控制单元54对自动变速器20执行变速控制，使得与通过混合动力控制单元52等对发动机14、第一电动机MG1、第二电动机MG2和电子式无级变速器30的变速比γ0的控制相协调地获得要求驱动力Fdem。具体地，当变速控制单元54判定使自动变速器20变速以便获得要求驱动力Fdem时，变速控制单元54将用于接合和/或释放与自动变速器20的变速相关联的离合器C的液压控制命令信号Sp输出到液压控制回路38，使得判定为满足要求驱动力Fdem的档位被建立。
附带一提的是，电子式无级变速器30中可能会存在故障，并且该故障可能会使得第一电动机MG1的运转状态不能够被控制。例如，电子式无级变速器30中的故障是关于第一电动机MG1的故障或关于发动机14的故障。当存在关于第一电动机MG1的故障时，不能控制第一电动机MG1的运转状态，因此使通过第一电动机MG1对电子式无级变速器30的控制不能进行。在关于第一电动机MG1的该故障中，第一电动机MG1不能提供对发动机转矩Te的反作用力，因此期望停止发动机14的运转。在关于发动机14的故障中，期望停止发动机14的运转以停止发动机14的旋转(也就是，将发动机转速Ne设定为零)。因此，在关于发动机14的该故障中，即使当第一电动机MG1没有发生故障并且第一电动机MG1能够被操作时，由于发动机14的旋转被停止(也就是，由于发动机转速Ne被限制为零)，因此也不允许自由地操作第一电动机MG1。电子式无级变速器30中的故障是要求发动机14的旋转停止的故障。
当发动机14的旋转由于在发动机行驶期间电子式无级变速器30中已经发生故障而被停止时，通过考虑到动力分配机构16的三个旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系，基于AT输入转速Ni(其与MG2转速Nm同义)和朝向零减小的发动机转速Ne来确定MG1转速Ng(参见图2)。此时，随着AT输入转速Ni增大，则更容易产生第一电动机MG1的过转速。随着车速V增加或随着自动变速器20的档位变为较低车速侧(下侧)档位，AT输入转速Ni更容易增加。因此，在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障时为了防止第一电动机MG1的过转速，可以想到通过在未发生故障的正常状态下的发动机行驶期间限制高车速侧和低齿数比侧区域的使用而为电子式无级变速器30中故障的出现做准备。然而，即使当驾驶员的加速要求大时，这种限制也限制车辆以低齿数比直到高车速的加速，因此仍然存在正常状态下发动机行驶中驾驶性能恶化的可能性。
从另一个角度来看，如果在发动机行驶期间在电子式无级变速器30中出现故障，则允许通过使用第二电动机MG2的电动机行驶来进行退避行驶。在AT输入转矩Ti低于发动机行驶中的AT输入转矩Ti的电动机行驶中，可以想到使自动变速器20降档以确保驱动力。但是，作为自动变速器20降档的结果，AT输入转速Ni进一步增加，因此更容易出现第一电动机MG1的过转速。
当在发动机行驶期间电子式无级变速器30中出现故障并且发动机14的旋转被停止时，电子控制单元50使自动变速器20升档。由于作为自动变速器20的升档的结果AT输入转速Ni减小，因此第一电动机MG1的过转速更难以发生。确保第一电动机MG1的耐久性被给予比确保电动机行驶中的驱动力更高的优先级。如果在发动机14的旋转停止之后使自动变速器20开始升档，则不可能防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。为此，电子控制单元50使自动变速器20在发动机14的旋转停止之前开始升档。优选地，电子控制单元50在发动机14的旋转停止之前完成自动变速器20的升档。
当在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下未发生第一电动机MG1的过转速时，不要求使自动变速器20升档。因此，在电子式无级变速器30出现故障时，电子控制单元50预测如果发动机14的旋转停止是否会发生第一电动机MG1的过转速，并且当其判定第一电动机MG1的过转速发生时，使自动变速器20开始升档。
当通过使自动变速器20升档成至少一档更高车速侧(更高侧)档位来减小AT输入转速Ni时，防止了第一电动机MG1的过转速。优选地，期望减小AT输入转速Ni，使得第一电动机MG1的过转速可靠地不会发生。因此，电子控制单元50使自动变速器20升档成高侧档位，该高侧档位具有的齿数比γat小于或等于在发动机14的旋转被停止的状态下不发生第一电动机MG1的过转速的自动变速器20的齿数比γat。
通常，在通过用于接合或释放离合器C的控制来建立档位的自动变速器20中，在被驱动状态下的升档时，实行松油门升档。在松油门升档中，等待AT输入转速Ni的减小，且在AT输入转速Ni已经减小至接近变速后的同步转速之后，用于建立升档后的档位的离合器C被接合。另一方面，在自动变速器20中，当在驱动状态下的升档时，实行踩油门升档。在踩油门升档中，通过接合用于建立升档后的档位的离合器C来强制减小AT输入转速Ni，以进行升档。在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下，从电子式无级变速器30不输出转矩，因此可以实行松油门升档。然而，松油门升档在AT输入转速Ni的减小速度上比踩油门升档在AT输入转速Ni的减小速度上更低。另外，在动力传递系统12中，第二电动机MG2联接到变速器输入轴34，因此由于第二电动机MG2的惯性使AT输入转速Ni的减小速度变得更低。其结果是，相比于踩油门升档，松油门升档更容易引起根据发动机转速Ne的减小速度的第一电动机MG1的过转速发生。因此，优选地，期望通过实行踩油门升档来增大AT输入转速Ni的减小速度，从而使第一电动机MG1的过转速难以发生。当在发动机行驶期间电子式无级变速器30出现故障并且发动机14的旋转被停止时，电子控制单元50使自动变速器20实行踩油门升档。
具体地，电子控制单元50进一步包括：故障判定工具，也就是故障判定单元58；以及过转速判定工具，也就是过转速判定单元59。
故障判定单元58判定在电子式无级变速器30中是否存在故障，所述故障使得第一电动机MG1的运转状态不能够被控制。例如，当第一电动机MG1中存在使逆变器24中的第一电动机MG1的电流传感器值对于电动机控制命令信号Smg为异常的故障时，当逆变器24中存在例如过电流、内部电路故障和短路等故障时，当存在诸如电子控制单元50中用于控制电动机的控制设备与第一电动机MG1或第二电动机MG2的通信异常的异常时，当在电池26中存在异常，诸如对电池26的可充电电力Win和可放电电力Wout的控制中的异常时，或者当发动机14中存在引起对于发动机输出控制命令信号Se的发动机输出异常或发动机起动异常的故障时，故障判定单元58判定电子式无级变速器30中存在故障。
发动机工作控制单元55停止发动机14的运转。优选地，在发动机行驶期间，当故障判定单元58判定在电子式无级变速器30中存在故障时，发动机工作控制单元55执行用于停止发动机14的运转的发动机停止处理。例如，发动机工作控制单元55通过切断给发动机14的燃料(F/C)来执行发动机停止处理。
在发动机行驶期间，当故障判定单元58判定在电子式无级变速器30中存在故障并且发动机工作控制单元55执行发动机停止处理时，过转速判定单元59计算在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下第一电动机MG1的估计转速(以下称为估计MG1转速Nge)。电子式无级变速器30被配置为使得当确定了动力分配机构16的三个旋转元件中的任意两个的转速时，也确定了剩下的一个旋转元件的转速。因此，过转速判定单元59通过将AT输入转速Ni应用于下述数学式(1)来计算估计MG1转速Nge，该数学表达式(1)是用于估计在发动机转速Ne被设定为零时的MG1转速Ng的数学表达式，并且基于动力分配机构16的三个旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系而被预先设定(参见图2的共线图中的虚线A、B的状态)。过转速判定单元59判定估计MG1转速Nge是否落在预定过转速范围之内。过转速判定单元59基于估计MG1转速Nge的绝对值是否高于或等于预定过转速Ngo(>0)来判定估计MG1转速Nge是否落在预定过转速范围之内。预定过转速范围是预先设定使得MG1转速Ng的绝对值变为高于或等于预定过转速Ngo的转速范围。例如，预定过转速Ngo是考虑到第一电动机MG1的耐久性为了判定第一电动机MG1的过速度而预先设定的MG1转速Ng(绝对值)的下限值。
Nge＝-(1/ρ)×Ni(1)
在发动机行驶期间，当故障判定单元58判定在电子式无级变速器30中存在故障，并且发动机工作控制单元55执行发动机停止处理时，变速控制单元54向液压控制电路38输出用于在发动机14的旋转停止之前使自动变速器20开始升档的液压控制命令信号Sp。优选地，当过转速判定单元59判定估计MG1转速Nge落在预定过转速范围之内时，变速控制单元54使自动变速器20开始升档。变速控制单元54通过踩油门升档来实行该升档。例如，变速控制单元54实行踩油门升档，以便在发动机14的旋转停止之前完成自动变速器20的升档。
变速控制单元54计算在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下MG1转速Ng落在预定过转速范围之外的自动变速器20的估计齿数比γate。过转速判定单元59通过将AT输出转速No应用于以下数学表达式(2)来计算升档后的齿数比γata，该数学表达式(2)是在发动机转速Ne为零且MG1转速Ng是预定过转速Ngo情况下的齿数比γ的理论数学表达式，其基于动力分配机构16的三个旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系而被预先设定(参见图2的共线图中虚线A、B的状态)。高侧齿数比，其是大于升档后的齿数比γata的齿数比γat，是MG1转速Ng落在预定过转速范围之外的自动变速器20的估计齿数比γate。变速控制单元54使自动变速器20升档，使得自动变速器20的齿数比γat被设定为估计齿数比γate。变速控制单元54使自动变速器20升档成自动变速器20的齿数比γat变为估计齿数比γate处的档位。当存在多个自动变速器20的档位，在该档位下齿数比γat变为估计齿数比γate时，例如，变速控制单元54使自动变速器20升档成其中齿数比γat变为估计齿数比γate所在各个档位中的最低档位。
γata＝ρ×Ngo/No(2)
图5是示出电子控制单元50的控制工作，即，在包括彼此串联的电子式无级变速器30和自动变速器20的动力传递系统12中的电子式无级变速器30的正常状态下不恶化驾驶性能，而在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下，用于防止第一电动机MG1的过转速的控制工作的相关部分的流程图。例如，该流程图在发动机行驶期间被反复执行。
在图5中，首先，在对应于故障判定单元58的功能的步骤(以下，省略步骤)S10中，判定在电子式无级变速器30中是否存在故障，该故障使第一电动机MG1的运转状态不能够被控制。当在S10中做出否定的判定时，例程结束。当在S10中做出肯定的判定时，在对应于发动机工作控制单元55的功能的S20中，通过切断给发动机14的燃料(F/C)来执行发动机停止处理(参见图2中的“F/C”)。接着，在对应于过转速判定单元59的功能的S30中，判定通过使用数学式(1)计算出的在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下的估计MG1转速Nge是否落在预定过转速范围之内(参见图2中的短虚线段A)。S30的判定不在发动机转速Ne变为零之后实行，而是该判定在S20之后立即被实行。当在S30中做出否定的判定时，例程结束。当在S30中做出肯定的判定时，在对应于变速控制单元54的功能的S40中，输出使自动变速器20升档的命令。也就是说，输出命令以使自动变速器20强制升档，这不同于在电子式无级变速器30的正常状态下实行的正常升档。例如，输出命令以使自动变速器20升档成如下自动变速器20的档位：在该档位下，齿数比γat变为在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下MG1转速Ng落在预定过转速范围之外的自动变速器20的估计齿数比γate(参见图2中的长虚线段B)。随后，在对应于变速控制单元54的功能的S50中，通过踩油门升档而使自动变速器20升档。
如上所述，根据本实施例，当判定在电子式无级变速器30中存在故障并且发动机14的运转被停止时，使自动变速器20在发动机14的旋转停止之前开始升档。因此，当由于运转的停止导致发动机14的旋转停止时，与判定电子式无级变速器30中存在故障之前相比，AT输入转速Ni减小。因此，基于动力分配机构16的各个旋转元件的转速之间的相对关系，MG1转速Ng在绝对值上低于在不使自动变速器20升档的情况下的绝对值，因此防止了第一电动机MG1的过转速。这意味着，在电子式无级变速器30的正常状态下行驶期间，不要求车辆在避开行驶范围的同时行驶，该行驶范围高于或等于发动机14的旋转被停止时导致第一电动机MG1的过转速的AT输入转速Ni。因此，在包括彼此串联的电子式无级变速器30和自动变速器20的动力传递系统12中，能够在电子式无级变速器30的正常状态下行驶中的驾驶性能不恶化的同时，在电子式无级变速器30发生故障的情况下防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。
本实施例具有的优点在于：与在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下通过将自动变速器20置于空档状态而使用第二电动机MG2来控制MG1转速Ng的技术相比，允许在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下通过使用MG2的电动机行驶来进行退避行驶。本实施例具有的优点在于：与用于通过将第一电动机MG1经由离合器联接到动力分配机构16并且在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下释放该离合器来防止第一电动机MG1的过转速的技术相比，不要求用于增加这种离合器的成本和空间。根据本实施方式，通过在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下防止第一电动机MG1的过转速，提高了耐久性，从而获得从暂时故障恢复到正常状态的机会。例如，作为在通过停止发动机14的运转而减小干扰的状态下的故障判定的结果，当判定为正常时，获得返回正常状态的机会。
根据本实施例，当在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下估计MG1转速Nge落在预定过转速范围之内时，使自动变速器20开始升档，从而可以在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障情况下适当地防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。
根据本实施例，使自动变速器20升档，使得齿数比γat被设定为在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下MG1转速Ng落在预定过转速范围之外的自动变速器20的估计齿数比γate，从而能够在电子式无级变速器30发生故障情况下可靠地防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。
根据本实施例，当用于建立升档之后的档位的离合器C被接合时进行升档，因此可以快速地减小AT输入转速Ni，其结果是可以在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下可靠地防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。也就是，在通过踩油门升档的变速控制的情况下，与通过松油门升档的变速控制的情况相比，AT输入转速Ni的减少速度增大，因此能够在电子式无级变速器30发生故障的情况下可靠地防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。
参照附图对本发明的实施例进行详细描述；然而，本发明也适用于其他实施例。
例如，在上述实施例中，示出了作为构成传递构件32和驱动轮18之间的动力传递路径的一部分的机械式变速机构的行星齿轮式自动变速器的自动变速器20；然而，本发明不限于该配置。例如，机械式变速机构可以是已知的同步啮合型平行双轴自动变速器，其在两个轴之间包括多对常啮合变速齿轮，并且其的档位是通过由致动器控制犬牙式离合器(也就是，啮合式离合器)的接合/释放状态而被自动改变；已知的双离合器变速器(DCT)，其是同步啮合型平行双轴自动变速器并且包括双线输入轴；已知的无级变速器(CVT)等。在CVT的情况下，在电子式无级变速器30中发生故障的情况下，例如，通过与正常状态相比增大变速比的变化速度，AT输入转速Ni迅速减小。
在上述实施例中，当在发动机14的旋转停止的状态下的估计MG1转速Nge落在预定过转速范围之内时，通过踩油门升档来使自动变速器20升档；然而，本发明不限于该配置。例如，当在发动机行驶期间在电子式无级变速器30中存在故障并且发动机14的旋转停止时，可以通过松油门升档来使自动变速器20升档。同样根据该配置，获得如下一定有益效果：也能够在电子式无级变速器30的正常状态下的行驶时不恶化驾驶性能的同时，在电子式无级变速器30发生故障的情况下防止第一电动机MG1的过转速。在这种情况下，不要求图5的流程图中的S30和S50。
在上述实施例中，动力分配机构16具有包括三个旋转元件的差动机构的结构；然而，本发明不限于该结构。例如，当动力分配机构16是通过将多个行星齿轮系彼此联接而具有四个或更多个旋转元件的差动机构时，可以应用本发明。动力分配机构16可以是双小齿轮行星齿轮系。动力分配机构16可以是其中小齿轮由发动机14驱动旋转的差动齿轮单元，并且与小齿轮啮合的一对锥齿轮分别操作地联接到第一电动机MG1和传递构件32。
上述实施例仅是说明性的，并且本发明可以基于本领域技术人员的知识在包括各种修改或改进的模式中实现。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于动力传递系统的控制设备，所述动力传递系统包括电子式变速机构，所述电子式变速机构包括发动机联接到其使得动力被传递的差动机构和联接到所述差动机构使得动力被传递的第一电动机，所述电子式变速机构被构造为使得通过控制所述第一电动机的运转状态来控制所述差动机构的差动状态，所述动力传递系统包括联接到所述电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件使得动力被传递的第二电动机，所述动力传递系统包括构成所述输出旋转部件和驱动轮之间的动力传递路径的一部分的机械式变速机构，所述控制设备的特征在于包括：
故障判定单元，其判定所述电子式变速机构中是否存在故障，所述故障使所述第一电动机的所述运转状态不能够被控制；
发动机工作控制单元，其停止所述发动机的运转；以及
变速控制单元，当判定所述电子式变速机构中存在所述故障并且所述发动机的所述运转被停止时，所述变速控制单元使所述机械式变速机构在所述发动机的旋转停止之前开始升档。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于动力传递系统的控制设备，其特征在于进一步包括：
过转速判定单元，其当判定所述电子式变速机构中存在所述故障并且所述发动机的所述运转停止时,计算出在所述发动机的所述旋转停止的状态下的所述第一电动机的估计转速，并且其判定所述第一电动机的所述估计转速是否落在预定过转速范围之内，其中
当判定所述第一电动机的所述估计转速落在所述预定过转速范围之内时，所述变速控制单元使所述机械式变速机构开始升档。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于动力传递系统的控制设备，其特征在于
所述变速控制单元计算出在所述发动机的所述旋转停止的状态下所述第一电动机的所述转速落在所述预定过转速范围之外处的所述机械式变速机构的估计速度比，并且使所述机械式变速机构升档以便所述机械式变速机构的速度比被设定为所述估计速度比。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的用于动力传递系统的控制设备，其特征在于
所述机械式变速机构是通过由接合和释放接合装置引起的变速来选择性地建立多个档速位置的自动变速器，并且
所述变速控制单元通过接合用于建立升档后的所述档速位置的所述接合装置使所述机械式变速机构进行升档。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的用于动力传递系统的控制设备，其特征在于
所述差动机构包括三个旋转元件，所述三个旋转元件就是所述发动机联接到其使得动力被传递的输入元件、所述第一电动机联接到其使得动力被传递的反作用力元件、以及联接到所述电子式变速机构的输出旋转构件的输出元件。
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US20170166202A1 (en) 2017-06-15
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