CN106995334A - A kind of medicine fertilizer composition prevents and treats the method and purposes of potato scab - Google Patents
A kind of medicine fertilizer composition prevents and treats the method and purposes of potato scab Download PDFInfo
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- CN106995334A CN106995334A CN201610049770.4A CN201610049770A CN106995334A CN 106995334 A CN106995334 A CN 106995334A CN 201610049770 A CN201610049770 A CN 201610049770A CN 106995334 A CN106995334 A CN 106995334A
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- Prior art keywords
- potato
- modified form
- medicine fertilizer
- growth regulator
- plant growth
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses the method and purposes that a kind of medicine fertilizer composition prevents and treats potato scab, the medicine fertilizer composition includes modified form partile cyanamid and plant growth regulator, and the plant growth regulator is made up of the composition below according to mass percent：Cyanamide 50 53%, dicyandiamide 2.5 3.5%, sodium phosphate 2.1 2.9%, surplus are water, and pH is 4.5 4.8；The modified form partile cyanamid includes silicon 0.47 1.4%, oxygen 7.17 11.41%, carbon 18.3 24.33%, aluminium 0.53 1.59%, calcium 39.34 50.26%, iron 0.14 0.7%, magnesium 0.18 0.6%, nitrogen 18.46 23.01% according to the composition of mass percent.During site preparation, 200 1000 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer or barnyard manure after rotary tillage, ridging, modified form partile cyanamid is by 5 60kg/ mus of ditch spread；Then soaked seed 0.8 1.2 hours with plant growth regulator dilution.The present invention breaks potato seed dormancy, promotes to do sth. in advance rudiment, promotes plant strain growth healthy and strong and chlorophyll formation, and output increased, cost is low, and the effect for preventing and treating potato scab substantially, is not polluted, suitable for popularization and application to environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, specifically a kind of medicine fertilizer composition prevents and treats the method and purposes of potato scab.
Background technology
Potato scab harm horse bell administration stem tuber, there is subcircular to the unsetting filbert disease of suberification scab shape in stem tuber surface
Spot or patch, it is coarse that hand touches texture, is generally divided into two kinds of disease symptoms, is that reticulate pattern scab and breach shape scab (hold respectively
Easily it is mistaken as powdery scab of potato).Although usual scab is only limitted to cortex, but killed potato wedge quality and yield can still be reduced,
Not storage tolerance, and sick potato outward appearance is indecency, commodity grade greatly declines, and causes certain economic loss.In world potato master
Producing region generally occurs, and there is the pathogenetic report on the ground such as North America, Europe, Asia, is once considered as the in potato production
Four major diseases.Potato scab is gradually aggravated in the generation of China in recent years, and nearly all there is generation each potato major production areas,
Gradually upgrade to Major Diseases, continuous cropping, arid neutrality and meta-alkali and cultivation management improperly in the case of fall ill
Degree is even more serious.The use of chemical bactericide is at present the Main Means for preventing and treating potato scab, but frequently using chemistry
Bactericide makes phytopathogen generate the resistance to the action of a drug, can not only efficiently control disease, also add environmental pollution.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of raising yield, simple and easy to apply, cost be low, medicine fertilizer that is not polluted to environment
The method and purposes of composition for preventing and controlling potato scab, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of medicine fertilizer composition is preparing the purposes in preventing and treating the fertilizer of potato scab, and the medicine fertilizer composition is including improveing
Type partile cyanamid and plant growth regulator, the plant growth regulator is by below according to mass percent into packet
Into：Cyanamide 50-53%, dicyandiamide 2.5-3.5%, sodium phosphate 2.1-2.9%, surplus are water, and pH is 4.5-4.8；It is described
Modified form partile cyanamid includes silicon 0.47-1.4%, oxygen 7.17-11.41%, carbon according to the composition of mass percent
18.3-24.33%, aluminium 0.53-1.59%, calcium 39.34-50.26%, iron 0.14-0.7%, magnesium 0.18-0.6%, nitrogen 18.46-23.01%.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：The plant growth regulator is made up of the composition below according to mass percent：
Cyanamide 51.63%, dicyandiamide 2.9%, sodium phosphate 2.59%, surplus are water, and pH is 4.67.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：The modified form partile cyanamid includes silicon according to the composition of mass percent
0.83%th, oxygen 9.26%, carbon 21.46%, aluminium 0.92%, Ca45 .68%, iron 0.31%, magnesium 0.46%, nitrogen 21.08%.
The method that described medicine fertilizer composition prevents and treats potato scab, the planting process of potato includes site preparation, soaks seed, applies
Fertilizer, weeding, harvesting, during site preparation, 200-1000 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer or barnyard manure, modified form after rotary tillage, ridging
Grain lime nitrogen is by 5-60kg/ mus of ditch spreads；Then soaked seed 0.8-1.2 hours with plant growth regulator dilution, passed examination
Earthing afterwards；Pour water dropper, overlay film firming are laid after 6-8 days.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：The potato quantity of plant growth regulator dilution seed soaking is every mu
6500-7000 buds.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：During site preparation, 240-260 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer or barnyard manure after rotary tillage, ridging,
Modified form partile cyanamid is by 5-15kg/ mus of ditch spreads.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：Modified form partile cyanamid is by 5-10kg/ mus of ditch spreads.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：Plant growth regulator dilution is soaked seed 1 hour.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：Plant growth regulator dilution is 800 times of dilutions.
It is used as further scheme of the invention：Organic fertilizer is the stalk of wheat, rice, corn or sorghum, and barnyard manure uses chicken manure, pig
Excrement, sheep manure or cow dung.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention breaks potato seed dormancy, promotes to do sth. in advance rudiment.Budding period about shifts to an earlier date more than 7 days, and contributes to that seedling is neat, Miao Zhuan.
The present invention promotes the formation of potato plant robust growth and chlorophyll, and robust plant, vane thickness increase, leaf color is dark green.
Output increased, commodity rate improves 1.6%-2.0%, and big stem potato is more, and potato appearance light does not find scab symptom.
Plant growth regulator seed soaking of the present invention is simple and easy to apply, and cost is low, and economic benefit is more notable.Prevent and treat the effect of potato scab
Fruit substantially, does not pollute to environment, is consequently adapted to popularization and application.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, shown
So, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Modified form partile cyanamid Test Summary is soaked seed and applied to southern winter potato plants growth regulator
For understand in depth plant growth regulator (50% cyanamide), modified form partile cyanamid (modified calcium cyanamide) south,
The preventing and treating (potato blight, shot hole) of sterilization, vernalization, soil-borne disease insect pest on winter potato and effect of increasing production,
In November, 2011 in Guangxi Wuming County Shuan Qiao towns Ba Qiao villages Po Chongtun Guangxi Ge Lin developments in agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd potato
Planting base has carried out plant growth regulator seed soaking and using the experiment on modified form partile cyanamid in the winter time potato.
First, trial crops：Dutch 15 potatos
2nd, test process：Two mu of testing ground area, is divided into six rows, and 1.1 meters of line width, 0.2 meter of experiment of spacing in the rows sets five
Processing, three repetitions.Every mu of 6500-7000 bud of sowing.
1st, Routine control (CK)；The smart Bravo decamethyl thiophanate mixed liquor (%) of root+first is tieed up to soak seed one minute；
2nd, one is handled：Plant growth regulator dilution (PPM) seed soaking 5kg/ mus of ditch spreads of one hour+modified form partile cyanamid；
3rd, two are handled：Plant growth regulator dilution (PPM) seed soaking one hour+modified form partile cyanamid, 10kg/ mus of ditches
Apply；
4th, three are handled：Plant growth regulator dilution (PPM) seed soaking 15kg/ mus of ditch spreads of one hour+modified form partile cyanamid；
5th, four are handled：Plant growth regulator dilution (PPM) is soaked seed one hour
Morning rotary tillage on November 18 in 2011, ridging Hou Ge areas mu apply 250 kilograms of chicken manure, handle one, two, three modified forms
Partile cyanamid is by different metering ditch spreads in the lump.Afternoon on November 18th, 2011 presses processing requirement：Routine control area (CK)
The implantation dimension root+smart Bravo of first+thiophanate-methyl mixed liquor (%) seed soaking；Processing one, two, three, four is implanted into plant growth and adjusted
Save dilution agent liquid (PPM) seed soaking, earthing after inspection.Cloth is poured water dropper, overlay film firming before and after 25 days.Later stage cultivation management is arranged
Apply all identical.The plant growth regulator is made up of the composition below according to mass percent：Cyanamide 51.63%, double cyanogen
Amine 2.9%, sodium phosphate 2.59%, surplus are water, and pH is 4.67.The modified form partile cyanamid is according to mass percent
Composition include silicon 0.83%, oxygen 9.26%, carbon 21.46%, aluminium 0.92%, Ca45 .68%, iron 0.31%, magnesium 0.46%,
Nitrogen 21.08%.
3rd, result of the test
Investigate for the first time：It is 80% to handle an emergence rate on December 19；Processing two, four emergence rates of processing are 5.1%；Place
It is 3.4% to manage three emergence rates；Check plot emergence rate 0.5%.
Processing one, two, three, four has the part seedling core of three leaf one, high 5 to 10 centimetres, and control has only just emitted bud point.
Second of investigation：On January 12nd, 2012 is investigated, and plant height, stolon data are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Scheme | Seedling number (strain) | Emergence rate % | Plant height (centimetre) | Stolon (bar/strain) |
| Processing one | 5863 | 83.8 | 20.7 | 2.1 |
| Processing two | 5912 | 84.5 | 21.0 | 1.75 |
| Processing three | 5912 | 84.5 | 14.5 | 1.1 |
| Processing four | 6156 | 87.9 | 18.3 | 1.56 |
| Check plot | 4690 | 67.0 | 12.6 | 0.68 |
Third time is investigated：On 2 2nd, 2012 stochastical samplings；Processing one, processing two are average -4 pieces/plants into bulb block；Place
Three are managed into average 4.5 pieces/plant of bulb block；Processing four is with check plot into piece/plant of bulb block average out to 3.5, and each area plant has
Stolon in development.
On March 30th, 2012, agricultural technology extension master station of autonomous region organized relevant expert to use plant growth regulating to potato
Agent, the experiment of modified form partile cyanamid, demonstration area carry out actual survey production and checked and accepted.Examination group is with reference to " national grain high yield is created
Survey production examination method " (tentative), each test and take rectangle cell, area is about 50 square metres, the row of line number 6, by sample
The whole plant of point are harvested, and point commodity potato and noncommodity potato are weighed respectively.Wherein noncommodity potato refers to weight less than 50 grams
Small potato and the potato wedge such as sick potato, rotten potato and shagreen potato.Deduct harvest potato wedge gross weight 2% is measured as impurity, containing soil.Calculate
Per mu yield and commodity rate.
Meanwhile, same method carries out surveying production examination on the spot to conventional fertilizer application check plot, and check and acceptance result is as follows：
1. the processing of 800 times of plant growth regulator immersion kind 1 hour：2043.73 kilograms of per mu yield potato, per mu yield commodity potato
1937.88 kilogram, commodity rate 94.8%；
2. 800 times of plant growth regulator immersion kind 1 hour plus modified form partile cyanamid 15kg/667m2Ditch spread is handled：Mu
Produce 2124.75 kilograms of potato, 2009.75 kilograms of per mu yield commodity potato, commodity rate 94.6%；
3. 800 times of plant growth regulator immersion kind 1 hour plus modified form partile cyanamid l0kg/667m2Ditch spread is handled：Mu
Produce 2136.51 kilograms of potato, 2026.74 kilograms of per mu yield commodity potato, commodity rate 94.9%；
4. 800 times of plant growth regulator immersion kind 1 hour plus modified form partile cyanamid 5kg/667m2Ditch spread is handled：Mu
Produce 2148.27 kilograms of potato, 2039.81 kilograms of per mu yield commodity potato, commodity rate 95.0%；
5. 1886.92 kilograms of potato, 1754.94 kilograms of per mu yield commodity potato, commodity rate 93.0% are produced in conventional fertilizer application check plot.
10 plants of demonstration area yield is respectively 9.4 kilograms, 9.0 kilograms, 9.2 kilograms, 9.8 kilograms；Check plot is 8.4
Kilogram；Demonstration area individual plant average product is 0.935 kilogram；Check plot individual plant average product is 0.84 kilogram；Demonstration area is single
Strain yield is higher than gram/plant of check plot 95.
Respectively processing is arrived than control mu 156.81 kilograms of potato of volume increase respectively for plant growth regulator, modified form partile cyanamid
261.35 kilograms, commodity rate improves individual 1.6 to 2 percentage points.
4th, conclusions and recommendations
Conclusion
In terms of investigation and the result checked and accepted, plant growth regulator, two products of modified form partile cyanamid are to southern autumn and winter horse
Bell potato following points are acted on：
1st, break potato seed dormancy, promote to do sth. in advance rudiment.Budding period about shifts to an earlier date more than 7 days, and contributes to that seedling is neat, Miao Zhuan；
2nd, the formation of potato plant robust growth and chlorophyll is promoted, variable rate technology is that plant is more healthy and stronger than control, and blade is thick
Degree increase, leaf color is dark green；
3rd, 14.4%, 15.48%, 16.23% and 10.42%, commodity improve in experiment, demonstration area commodity potato yield increased area
Rate improves 1.6%-2.0%, and big stem potato is more.
4th, the potato appearance light of improved type partile cyanamid, plant growth regulator treatment, scab symptom is not found.
5th, plant growth regulator seed soaking application technology is than routine disinfection seed soaking (CK) dimension root+smart Bravo+thiophanate-methyl of first
Mixed liquor seed soaking is simple and easy to apply, and cost is low, and economic benefit is more notable.
It is recommended that
1st, plant growth regulator, which has been soaked seed, sterilizes vernalization effect, and this experiment has only done 800 times and released immersion kind 1 hour
A processing, it is proposed that can carry out seed soaking concentration in experiment, Demonstration And Extension and continue to test on the time, grope optimal
Concentration and seed soaking time.
2nd, due to plant growth regulator, modified form partile cyanamid processing robust plant and stolon is more, from now on
Demonstration And Extension in advise appropriate thin planting.
3rd, modified form partile cyanamid is that nitrogenous fertilizer is phosphorous, potassium, it is proposed that appropriate increase phosphorus potash fertilizer in Demonstration And Extension from now on
Usage amount.The seed soaking sterilization of suggestion plant growth regulator combines modified form partile cyanamid ditch spread in large-scale demonstration popularization,
The consumption of modified form partile cyanamid is that the sterilization of full garden spreads fertilizer over the fields 20-25 kgs/acre, and ditch spread is 5-10 kgs/acre.
In the present invention 800 times of dilutions refer to 1g plant growth regulator add water 800g dilution.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, and do not carrying on the back
In the case of spirit or essential attributes from the present invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter from
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit is required rather than described above is limited, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment is only included
One independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that for clarity, those skilled in the art should be by
Specification is as an entirety, and the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, and forming those skilled in the art can
With the other embodiment of understanding.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of medicine fertilizer composition is preparing the purposes in preventing and treating the fertilizer of potato scab, it is characterised in that the medicine fertilizer
Composition includes modified form partile cyanamid and plant growth regulator, and the plant growth regulator is by below according to quality hundred
Divide the composition composition of ratio：Cyanamide 50-53%, dicyandiamide 2.5-3.5%, sodium phosphate 2.1-2.9%, surplus is water, and pH is
4.5-4.8；The modified form partile cyanamid according to mass percent composition include silicon 0.47-1.4%, oxygen 7.17-11.41%,
Carbon 18.3-24.33%, aluminium 0.53-1.59%, calcium 39.34-50.26%, iron 0.14-0.7%, magnesium 0.18-0.6%, nitrogen
18.46-23.01%.
2. medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 1 is preparing the purposes in preventing and treating the fertilizer of potato scab, it is special
Levy and be, the plant growth regulator is made up of the composition below according to mass percent：Cyanamide 51.63%, dicyandiamide
2.9%th, sodium phosphate 2.59%, surplus is water, and pH is 4.67.
3. medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 1 is preparing the purposes in preventing and treating the fertilizer of potato scab, it is special
Levy and be, the modified form partile cyanamid according to mass percent composition include silicon 0.83%, oxygen 9.26%, carbon 21.46%,
Aluminium 0.92%, Ca45 .68%, iron 0.31%, magnesium 0.46%, nitrogen 21.08%.
4. the method that potato scab is prevented and treated according to any described medicine fertilizer compositions of claim 1-3, the plantation of potato
Process includes site preparation, seed soaking, fertilising, weeding, harvesting, it is characterised in that during site preparation, applied for every mu after rotary tillage, ridging
200-1000 kilograms of machine fertilizer or barnyard manure, modified form partile cyanamid is by 5-60kg/ mus of ditch spreads；Then plant growth regulator is used
Dilution is soaked seed 0.8-1.2 hours, earthing after passed examination；Pour water dropper, overlay film firming are laid after 6-8 days.
5. the method that medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 4 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that plant gives birth to
The potato quantity of long conditioning agent dilution seed soaking is every mu of 6500-7000 bud.
6. the method that medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 4 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that during site preparation,
240-260 kilograms of every mu of organic fertilizer or barnyard manure after rotary tillage, ridging, modified form partile cyanamid is by 5-15kg/ mus of ditch spreads.
7. the method that medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 6 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that modified form
Partile cyanamid is by 5-10kg/ mus of ditch spreads.
8. the method that medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 4 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that plant gives birth to
Long conditioning agent dilution is soaked seed 1 hour.
9. the method that medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 4 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that plant gives birth to
Long conditioning agent dilution is 800 times of dilutions.
10. the method that the medicine fertilizer composition according to claim 4 or 6 prevents and treats potato scab, it is characterised in that have
Machine fertilizer is the stalk of wheat, rice, corn or sorghum, and barnyard manure uses chicken manure, pig manure, sheep manure or cow dung.
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