CN106982622B - The cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube - Google Patents
The cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982622B CN106982622B CN201710139187.7A CN201710139187A CN106982622B CN 106982622 B CN106982622 B CN 106982622B CN 201710139187 A CN201710139187 A CN 201710139187A CN 106982622 B CN106982622 B CN 106982622B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube, by seedbed selects, handles and disinfection, nutrient bag preparation, cuttings acquisition and processing, cuttage, heat preservation, moisturizing and shading treatment, seedling management.Cuttage survival rate can be made to reach peak, while guaranteeing that seedling growth is good, seedling growth amount also reaches peak, expands rattan jujube population quantity to reach.Cuttage survival rate can be effectively ensured in the present invention, form rattan jujube seedling, it is numerous to achieve the purpose that population is expanded.Numerous process is expanded in the cuttage that cuttage multiplication technique provided by the present invention is also applied for other species with similar biological characteristics, has at low cost, and easy to operate, method is easy to grasp and the features such as high survival rate.This method expands numerous process especially suitable for rattan jujube cuttage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cuttage expanding propagation methods of rattan jujube, belong to technical field of plant propagation.
Background technique
Rattan Zao as Menispermaceae single platymiscium, distributional region interruption and it is narrow, with important systematics and fauna
Pharmacological research value.However, rattan jujube Wild population quantity is extremely rare, rattan Zao is classified as pole danger object by " Chinese species Red List "
When kind, known only 1 plant of Zao of rattan is recorded.And passing through a wide range of field study of scientific research personnel, the rattan jujube that can be seen at present reliably counts
For amount also about only 50 plants or so, population extinction risk is extremely serious.Therefore, rattan jujube is listed in the I grades of focused protections of country, China
" the Chinese species red name that wild plant (State Administration of Forestry and the Ministry of Agriculture, 1999), World Conservation Union (IUCN) assess
Record " in pole danger (CR-D) kind and 112 kinds of Yunnan Province be badly in need of one of minimum population conservation species of protection.It is based on rattan
The critically endangered status of jujube and its extinction risk, population multiplication technique are extremely urgent.However, since rattan date fruit extremely difficulty is shown in,
Seed not easily collecting, it is extremely low by seminal propagation feasibility.
Currently, both at home and abroad the research in relation to rattan jujube extremely lack, focus primarily upon POLLEN MORPHOLOGY (Ferguson, 1975),
Leaf Anatomic (Cutler, 1975;Wang Fengchun, 1984；Big vast Asia equality, 2001), Species structure and population situation (Hou Zhaoqiang
Deng 2015)；Its related vegetative propagation methods have not been reported.
Since rattan jujube is there are hollow medulla phenomenon, cuttage expansion is numerous to be extremely not easy to survive, and therefore, it is numerous to explore rattan jujube trophosome
Plantation technology such as cuttage expand it is numerous become current rattan jujube population expand numerous urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
Lack population multiplication technique problem for rattan jujube, the present invention provides a kind of cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube, improves rattan
Jujube cuttage survival rate and Growth of seedling, to avoid rattan jujube population extinction, expand existing rattan jujube population during the protection of rattan jujube
Quantity.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal: a kind of cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube, by following each step:
(1) it selects to seedbed, handle and disinfection: selection seedbed, it by seedbed goes after cutting weeds and being smooth, spreads on the ground
If one layer of common brick, seedbed is made to be above the ground level 6cm(common brick thickness), to guarantee good water penetration；In seedbed, surrounding is inlayed with plank
Seedbed out；It is disinfected after being formed in seedbed；
(2) nutrient bag prepares: soil, which is taken, deep-cuts the following raw-soil of earth's surface 2m, to guarantee the aseptic of soil；Soil is fetched
It is put into the nutrient bag that diameter is 10cm respectively afterwards, soil dress is real in nutrient bag, highly for subject to lower than nutrient bag 1cm；Nutrition
It is packed it is good after be sequentially placed in seedbed, one group of every 3 behavior stays 30cm wide as pavement between every two groups；
(3) heat preservation, moisturizing, shading facility prepare: every group of nutrient bag set-down location sets up keel on seedbed, and keel swell most
Eminence is higher than seedbed at least 50cm or more；
(4) cuttings acquisition and processing: select that robust growth, bud point be more, diameter is greater than the branch of 0.3cm as cuttings；
Cuttings acquisition time is later rest (the beginning of spring before and after), this is because rattan jujube blade synthesize in previous Growing season it is organic feeding
Point it is accumulated in root, in dry and branch, contained reserve substance is more in cuttings, is on the other hand also due in the period plant
The contained content of material for inhibiting plant germination, taking root is minimum, meanwhile, the cuttings of dormant state is also advantageous for keeping cuttings internal water
Average weighing apparatus is conducive to foliation after first taking root；It after branch clip, is sprayed immediately with water, then utilizes preservative film by branch packet
Wrap and carry out moisturizing, alcohol spraying disinfection treated secateurs when cuttings cuts processed using concentration 95% since branch bottom,
Clip 10~12cm of length branch uses vertical cut using beveling, top notch as cuttings, cuttings bottom end notch, and notch is away from most bottom
Bud point distance is held to be no less than 5cm, each cuttings at least contains a bud point；Stayed blade scissors subtracts along blade outer rim in cuttings
Fall 3/4 blade；
(5) cuttage: cuttings obtained by step (2) is subjected to spraying disinfection with the alcohol of concentration 95%, then soaks cuttings bottom end
It steeps 10 in the ABT6 rooting powder solution (rooting powder solution is prepared to carry out according to root-inducing powder operation instruction) that concentration is 500ppm
It is inserted into the soil in nutrient bag after second, underground length is 4~6cm；Cuttings top notch smear paraffin, prevent loss of water and
Bacterium infection；With water spray nutrient bag to drenched after cuttage；
(6) heat preservation, moisturizing and shading treatment: in keel plus covering mulch, surrounding soil pressure is tight, is kept the temperature, moisturizing
Processing；Shade is set up above seedbed, and 70% sunshade net covering shading is no less than with shade density；
(7) seedling management: cuttage first week to 10 days, the moisturizing in seedbed is increased, guarantees there is water in the seedbed of covering with ground sheeting
Gas, for humidity 60~80%, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, 15~20 DEG C of night daytime；To 3 months after cuttage 10 days, depending on seedbed
It depending on the humidity of soil, periodically waters, but unsuitable too many, irrigation amount control is stayed in the half of drenched amount in seedbed one end
There is osculum ventilation；Period observes the germination of cuttage seeding, and when there is germination, then stronger ventilation amount, pays attention to moisturizing；To cuttage
When seedling germinates to 0.5cm or more, mulch is gradually raised, gradually stronger ventilation and illuminance, while paying attention to moisturizing.
The step (1) be with selecting seedbed select it is smooth, dry, convenient for draining shady place as seedbed.
The disinfection treatment of the step (1) is that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.5wt% with concentration carries out disinfection processing.
The present invention is to provide rattan jujube cuttage multiplication technique, including nursery prepares, cuttings acquisition and processing, cuttage process and
Seedbed management.It is carried out after processing hard according to rattan jujube year Growth trends rule in annual later rest (before and after the beginning of spring) acquisition cuttings
Branch cuttage.It selects, handle and sterilizes with carrying out seedbed before cuttage, nutrient bag prepares, and heat preservation, moisturizing, shading facility prepare.Cuttage
Using hardwood cutting, the branch for selecting robust growth, bud point more acquires as cuttings and takes back nursery after carrying out moisturizing processing
Ground carries out cuttage after picking root-inducing powder.Carry out covering mulch after cuttage and shading net kept the temperature, moisturizing and shading treatment, with
Promote it to take root to survive.The measures such as corresponding seedling management is carried out, including waters, breathe freely after the completion of cuttage.
The present invention has following advantages and effect: using the above scheme, cuttage survival rate can be made to reach peak
(81.1%), while guaranteeing that seedling growth is good, seedling growth amount also reaches peak, expands rattan jujube population quantity to reach.
National I grade of protection rattan of plant jujube is since population quantity is extremely rare, and fruit is not easy to acquire, and the seedling and propagating that grows directly from seeds is restricted.Therefore,
Nursery, which is carried out, by its trophosome expands numerous optimal path as population.Since rattan jujube is perennial bejuco, and stem
Dry center is there are the hollow phenomenon of medulla, and there are certain difficulty for cutting propagation.By whether picking rooting powder solution and not to cuttings
Same notch (bottom vertical cut and beveling) experimental study discovery, it can be significantly improved by taking bottom end to chamfer and picking rooting powder solution
Success rate.Therefore, using above-mentioned cuttage scheme, cuttage survival rate can be effectively ensured, form rattan jujube seedling, it is numerous to reach population expansion
Purpose.The cuttage that cuttage multiplication technique provided by the present invention is also applied for other species with similar biological characteristics is expanded
Numerous process, has at low cost, and easy to operate, method is easy to grasp and the features such as high survival rate.This method is especially suitable for rattan jujube
Numerous process is expanded in platymiscium cuttage.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) select to seedbed, handle with disinfection: select it is smooth, dry, convenient for draining shady place as seedbed, general
Go to seedbed after cutting weeds and being smooth, be laid with one layer of common brick on the ground, seedbed is made to be above the ground level 6cm(common brick thickness), to guarantee
Good water penetration；In seedbed, surrounding inlays out seedbed, plank thickness 2cm with plank, and height at least 20cm is embedded in subterranean depth
Not less than 5cm；Seedbed is carried out disinfection processing after being formed with the liquor potassic permanganate that concentration is 0.5wt%；
(2) nutrient bag prepares: soil, which is taken, deep-cuts the following raw-soil of earth's surface 2m, to guarantee the aseptic of soil；Soil is fetched
It is put into the nutrient bag that diameter is 10cm respectively afterwards, soil dress is real in nutrient bag, highly for subject to lower than nutrient bag 1cm；Nutrition
It is packed it is good after be sequentially placed in seedbed, a line places 10 bags, one group of every 3 behavior, stays 30cm wide to be used as people's row between every two groups
Pavement；
(3) heat preservation, moisturizing, shading facility prepare: every group of nutrient bag set-down location sets up keel on seedbed, and keel swell most
Eminence is higher than seedbed at least 50cm or more；
(4) cuttings acquisition and processing: select that robust growth, bud point be more, diameter is greater than the branch of 0.3cm as cuttings；
Cuttings acquisition time is later rest (the beginning of spring before and after), this is because rattan jujube blade synthesize in previous Growing season it is organic feeding
Point it is accumulated in root, in dry and branch, contained reserve substance is more in cuttings, is on the other hand also due in the period plant
The contained content of material for inhibiting plant germination, taking root is minimum, meanwhile, the cuttings of dormant state is also advantageous for keeping cuttings internal water
Average weighing apparatus is conducive to foliation after first taking root；It after branch clip, is sprayed immediately with clean water (tap water), then utilizes guarantor
Branch is wrapped up carry out moisturizing by fresh film, when cuttings cuts processed using the alcohol spraying disinfection of concentration 95% treated secateurs from
Branch bottom starts, and clip 10~12cm of length branch is as cuttings, and cuttings bottom end notch is using beveling, and top notch is using straight
It cuts, notch is no less than 5cm away from lowermost end bud point distance, and each cuttings at least contains a bud point；Stayed blade is with cutting in cuttings
Knife cuts 3/4 blade along blade outer rim；
(5) cuttage: cuttings obtained by step (2) is subjected to spraying disinfection with the alcohol of concentration 95%, then soaks cuttings bottom end
It steeps 10 in the ABT6 rooting powder solution (rooting powder solution is prepared to carry out according to root-inducing powder operation instruction) that concentration is 500ppm
It is inserted into the soil in nutrient bag after second, underground length is 4~6cm；Cuttings top notch smear paraffin, prevent loss of water and
Bacterium infection；With clean water spray nutrient bag to drenched after cuttage；
(6) heat preservation, moisturizing and shading treatment: in keel plus covering mulch, surrounding soil pressure is tight, is kept the temperature, moisturizing
Processing；Shade is set up above seedbed, and 70% sunshade net covering shading is no less than with shade density；
(7) seedling management: cuttage first week to 10 days, the moisturizing in seedbed is increased, guarantees there is water in the seedbed of covering with ground sheeting
Gas, for humidity 60~80%, temperature is maintained at 25~30 DEG C, 15~20 DEG C of night daytime；To 3 months after cuttage 10 days, depending on seedbed
It depending on the humidity of soil, periodically waters, but unsuitable too many, irrigation amount control is stayed in the half of drenched amount in seedbed one end
There is osculum ventilation；Period observes the germination of cuttage seeding, and when there is germination, then stronger ventilation amount, pays attention to moisturizing；To cuttage
When seedling germinates to 0.5cm or more, mulch is gradually raised, gradually stronger ventilation and illuminance, while paying attention to moisturizing.
The present invention is summarized on the basis of test, and the following are experimental design, key data and results:
To explore rattan jujube Technique on Cuttage Propagation, different cuttings processing modes is arranged in this test, to find out rattan jujube cuttage
It is numerous to realize that rattan jujube population is expanded to reach rattan jujube cuttage survival rate and Growth of seedling highest for the best mode of breeding.Specific examination
It is as follows to test design:
Test site: Yunnan Province, sun river, Puer City Provincial Nature Reserve.Rattan jujube Cutting test place is located at Yunnan too
The Provincial Nature Reserve Yang He fish pond is managed and protected in station, away from Pu'er urban district 35km, height above sea level 1340m, weather conditions and Pu'er
City Simao District is close, 17.7 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, 11.4 DEG C of monthly mean temperature most cold, and 21.7 DEG C of highest monthly mean temperature, year drops
Water is more than 1500mm, concentrates on for 5~October, and sunshine time is about 2200 hours, total solar radiation amount be 130333 card/
㎝2.Weather is south subtropics plateau monsoon weather, and dry and wet season is obvious, and dry season (11~April) temperature is lower, rainy season (5~10
Month) temperature is higher.
Test material: rattan jujube branch
Experimental design: to explore the factor for influencing cuttage survival rate and Growth of seedling, this test selects cuttage depth, hides
4 kinds of factors such as negative degree, type of incision, exogenous hormone (root-inducing powder), are respectively set different gradients and compare test.Every kind of test
Handling sample number is 30, is repeated 3 times.Seedling height and ground diameter are measured after Growing season.
Key data and conclusion:
Situation is survived after giving Different treatments rattan jujube cuttage in table 1.It is overall relatively on, pick cuttage after root-inducing powder
High survival rate in not picking root-inducing powder, meanwhile, chamfer mode high survival rate in vertical cut mode.At the same time, cuttage survival rate with
The increase of cuttage depth and shade density there are the form of unimodal curve, peak be distributed in depth be 4~6cm, shade density 70
Between~75%.In all processing modes, chamfer, pick root-inducing powder, cuttage depth be 5~6cm and beveling, pick root-inducing powder,
More than 80%, peak 81.11% appears in beveling, picks root-inducing powder, skewer cuttage survival rate under the conditions of shade density is 70~75%
Depth is inserted as under the conditions of 5cm.1 data of consolidated statement as it can be seen that chamfer, pick root-inducing powder, cuttage depth is 4~6cm, shade density is
Under the conditions of 70~75%, cuttage survival rate is higher.
On cuttage seedling height growth, single Growing season Seedling height is between 6.4~19cm, average out to 12.6cm.It is average raw
Long amount peak appears in beveling, picks root-inducing powder, under the conditions of shade density is 70%, and minimum then appears in vertical cut, picks life
Root powder, shade density are under the conditions of 90% (table 2).There are unimodal in the presence of the increase with cuttage depth and shade density for seedling height growth amount
Or the form of bimodal curve.
On cuttage seedling Collar diameter growth, single Growing season Collar diameter growth is between 0.22~1.14cm, average out to 0.56cm.
Average height growth peak appears in beveling, picks root-inducing powder, under the conditions of shade density is 75%, and minimum then appears in
Vertical cut, pick root-inducing powder, shade density be 90% under the conditions of (table 3).Seedling height growth exists with cuttage depth and shade density
There are unimodal or bimodal curve forms for increase.
The above analysis as can be seen that type of incision, whether pick root-inducing powder, cuttage depth and shade density influence rattan jujube skewer
It is inserted into motility rate and its growth of seedling.It influences to find in comprehensive analysis in 4 kinds of factor pair rattan jujube cuttage survival rates and its growth of seedling,
Under the conditions of chamferring, picking root-inducing powder, cuttage depth is 4~6cm, shade density is 70~75%, cuttage survival rate and growth of seedling
Measure higher, seedling stalwartness.Therefore, select bottom end beveling, pick root-inducing powder, cuttage depth for 4~6cm and shade density be 70~
75% processing mode can significantly improve rattan jujube cuttage survival rate and Growth of seedling, i.e. this kind of cuttage processing technique is rattan jujube
Cuttage best-of-breed technology mode.
1 Different treatments rattan jujube cuttage survival rate (%) of table
2 Different treatments rattan jujube cuttage seedling height growth amount (cm) of table
3 Different treatments rattan jujube cuttage seedling base Diameter growth amount (cm) of table
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube, it is characterised in that pass through following each step:
(1) it selects to seedbed, handle and disinfection: selection seedbed, it by seedbed goes after cutting weeds and being smooth, is laid with one on the ground
Layer common brick, makes seedbed be above the ground level；In seedbed, surrounding inlays out seedbed with plank；It is disinfected after being formed in seedbed；
(2) nutrient bag prepares: soil, which is taken, deep-cuts the following raw-soil of earth's surface 2m；Soil puts into the battalion that diameter is 10cm respectively after fetching
It supports in bag；Nutrient bag is sequentially placed in seedbed after installing, one group of every 3 behavior, stays 30cm wide as walking between every two groups
Road；
(3) heat preservation, moisturizing, shading facility prepare: every group of nutrient bag set-down location sets up keel on seedbed, and keel swell highest point
Higher than seedbed at least 50cm or more；
(4) cuttings acquisition and processing: select that robust growth, bud point be more, diameter is greater than the branch of 0.3cm as cuttings；Cuttings
Acquisition time is later rest；After branch clip, sprayed immediately with water, then using preservative film by branch wrap up into
Row moisturizing, alcohol spraying disinfection treated secateurs when cuttings cuts processed using concentration 95% is since branch bottom, clip length
10~12cm branch is as cuttings, and for cuttings bottom end notch using beveling, top notch uses vertical cut, notch away from lowermost end bud point away from
From no less than 5cm, each cuttings at least contains a bud point；Stayed blade cuts 3/4 leaf along blade outer rim with scissors in cuttings
Piece；
(5) cuttage: cuttage uses hardwood cutting, cuttings obtained by step (2) is carried out spraying disinfection with the alcohol of concentration 95%, so
Cuttings bottom end is immersed in the ABT6 rooting powder solution that concentration is 500ppm afterwards and is inserted into the soil in nutrient bag after 10 seconds,
Underground length is 4~6cm；Cuttings top notch smears paraffin；With water spray nutrient bag to drenched after cuttage；
(6) heat preservation, moisturizing and shading treatment: in keel plus covering mulch, surrounding soil pressure is tight, is kept the temperature, moisturizing processing；
Shade is set up above seedbed, and 70% sunshade net covering shading is no less than with shade density；
(7) seedling management: cuttage first week to 10 days, for humidity 60~80%, temperature was maintained at 25~30 DEG C daytime, night 15
~20 DEG C；It to 3 months after cuttage 10 days, depending on the humidity of nursery soil, periodically waters, irrigation amount control is in drenched amount
Half, in seedbed one end, there are osculum ventilations；Period observes the germination of cuttage seeding, when there is germination, then increases logical
Air quantity pays attention to moisturizing；When germination to cuttage seeding to 0.5cm or more, mulch is gradually raised, gradually stronger ventilation and illumination
Degree, while paying attention to moisturizing.
2. the cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the selection seedbed of the step (1)
Ground be select it is smooth, dry, convenient for draining shady place as seedbed.
3. the cuttage expanding propagation method of rattan jujube according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: at the disinfection of the step (1)
Reason is that the liquor potassic permanganate for being 0.5wt% with concentration carries out disinfection processing.
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| CN109076805A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-25 | 姚光亮 | Long jujube inserts skewer fringe bar cutting method |
| CN109076804A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-25 | 姚光亮 | Long jujube inserts skewer method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699956A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-05-05 | 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院 | Method for tender branch cutting propagation of Linze jujube |
| CN101790951A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-08-04 | 张兆欣 | Jujube tree hardwood cutting seedling raising method |
| CN104521660A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Root cutting cultivation method of jujube tree |
| CN104620828A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-05-20 | 周琪 | Method of cultivating landscaping trees by wild-to-artificial cultivation of Choerospondias axillaris |
| CN105766244A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-20 | 赵雪霞 | Jujube tree cutting and seedling method |
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2017
- 2017-03-09 CN CN201710139187.7A patent/CN106982622B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699956A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-05-05 | 甘肃省祁连山水源涵养林研究院 | Method for tender branch cutting propagation of Linze jujube |
| CN101790951A (en) * | 2010-01-26 | 2010-08-04 | 张兆欣 | Jujube tree hardwood cutting seedling raising method |
| CN104521660A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 苏州市新巷农艺科技园 | Root cutting cultivation method of jujube tree |
| CN105766244A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-07-20 | 赵雪霞 | Jujube tree cutting and seedling method |
| CN104620828A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-05-20 | 周琪 | Method of cultivating landscaping trees by wild-to-artificial cultivation of Choerospondias axillaris |
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