CN106973859B - Standardized breeding method of porcupines - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of porcupine breeding, and particularly relates to a standardized breeding method of porcupines, which comprises the following steps: selecting breeding places, building porcupine houses, selecting porcupines, managing in the juvenile period, managing in the growing period and managing in the mature period. The invention scientifically and reasonably standardizes various cautions in the porcupine breeding process, optimizes the operation process and the feed formula, not only ensures that the porcupine breeding is more scientific and standardized, and the breeding cost is low, but also ensures that the bred porcupine meat is delicious in quality and rich in nutrition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of porcupine breeding, and particularly relates to a standardized breeding method of porcupines.
Background
Porcupines are rare animals with high economic value. The luxurious pork is good in quality and delicious in taste, is deeply loved by people and is praised as mountain delicacy. The porcupine has high protein, low fat, no pollution, no public nuisance, no color loss, rich nutrients such as calcium and phosphorus minerals, and unique flavor, and is delicious and delicious. The research of modern medical experts finds that the porcupine meat, the stomach, the gallbladder, the thorn and the oil can be used as medicines, the meat can have the effects of relaxing bowel, nourishing yin, removing heat, invigorating stomach and benefiting lung, the gallbladder can improve eyesight, refresh brain, the oil can detoxify, expel pus, promote granulation and relieve pain, the stomach can clear heat, promote diuresis, invigorate stomach and regulate middle warmer, and is mainly used for treating stomach diseases, jaundice, edema, dermatophytosis and other symptoms, the thorn can move qi, and is mainly used for treating heart qi pain and skin allergy, and the porcupine is a herbivorous animal and is called green meat food. With the improvement of living standard of people and the rationality of nutrient components of food, wild vegetables, wild fruits and wild animals become a new trend for pursuing new products and new fashion. However, as wild porcupines are increasingly exhausted and face extinction, the China forestry department has listed porcupines as protective species and forbids hunting. Therefore, artificial breeding of porcupines is gradually promoted, and as the industry of the new breeding is just started in China, the breeding technology of porcupines is still in the grope summary stage, and a standardized and scientific breeding technology of porcupines is also lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a scientific and reasonable standardized porcupine breeding method which is simple to operate.
A standardized porcupine breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a breeding place: the porcupine breeding land is selected from the places with the elevation of 1100 + 1300 meters, low noise, ventilation, convenient water taking, flat terrain and large forest coverage rate around.
(2) Construction of the porcupine house: the layout of the pigsty is planned in advance, and then the breeding shed is constructed according to the layout of the pigsty, the breeding shed needs to be rain-proof and sun-proof, and the ventilation and lighting effects are good; each breeding shed is provided with 3-4 rows of porcupine houses, a passageway with the width of 1-1.2 meters is arranged between two adjacent rows of porcupine houses, each row of porcupine houses is provided with 8-10 porcupine houses, each porcupine house is 3-5 meters long and 3-5 meters wide, the lowest part of the enclosing wall of the porcupine house is not less than 1.3 meters, and the ground of the porcupine houses is poured by cement; before the porcupine house is built, a sewage discharge system is erected, a sewage discharge ditch is arranged below a passageway, the upper part of the sewage discharge ditch is tightly covered by a cover plate, and each porcupine house is provided with a sewage discharge outlet communicated with the sewage discharge ditch; each porcupine house is provided with a feeding groove, the length of the feeding groove is 1-2 meters, the feeding groove is arranged below the wall body close to one side of the passageway, the wall body is provided with a hole through which the feeding groove can just pass, and when feeding the feed, a feeder can feed the porcupine house only by pulling out the feeding groove on the passageway and pushing the feeding groove into the porcupine house.
(3) Selecting porcupines, namely selecting porcupine cubs with 1-3 months of age, good variety and strong body shape for breeding.
(4) Management in juvenile period: before porcupine cubs are placed in a porcupine house for breeding, the porcupine house is cleaned and disinfected and then placed in the porcupine house, 5-7 cubs are placed in each porcupine house, the porcupine house is fed with fine feed for 3-4 times every day in the first 1-2 months, when the feed is fed, at least two thirds of the breeding trough on a passageway but not all the breeding trough is pulled out, then the feed is put in the breeding trough, the suitable amount of the feed in each time is not too much or too little, but the feed is guaranteed to be paved at the bottom of the breeding trough; the porcupine house is cleaned regularly every day, because cubs are all living and afraid of noise, the movement cannot be too large during cleaning, so that porcupine is prevented from being disturbed, and the inside of the porcupine house is kept dry, cool and quick and has light peculiar smell; regularly putting clean water into the culture tank for 2-3 times every day, and cleaning residual feed or sundries in the culture tank before putting.
(5) And (3) management in a growing period: after the porcupines are raised for 1-2 months, the porcupines are slowly familiar with the smell of breeders, the activity of the porcupines is increased, the food intake is increased, the body growth is accelerated, and fighting is carried out to avoid food robbing; the number of porcupines in each porcupine house is reduced to 2-3; meanwhile, the feed is changed into a feeding mode taking coarse feed as a main part and green feed as an auxiliary part; in addition, during the period, the porcupine starts to grow and starts to grind teeth, so that a pine branch with green pine needles needs to be thrown into the porcupine house every day for the porcupine to bite the grinding teeth.
(6) Management of the mature period: after the porcupines are raised for 7 months, after the porcupines enter the maturity period, the porcupines grow into bodies and begin to estrate, male porcupines and female porcupines with strong physique are selected, the porcupines are singly raised and bred in a one-male-three-female mode, the rest porcupines are sold in sale, the bred porcupines are fed with high-protein feed in the period, and the porcupines are fed for 3-4 times a day; feeding other porcupines to be sold with common coarse fodder for 2-3 times a day; after the estrus period, separately and independently feeding pregnant female porcupines, mainly using coarse fodder and green fodder, and regularly feeding high-protein fodder; each female porcupine used for mating is pregnant 2 times every year, and the interval between every two times is 6-7 months; in order to prevent the inbreeding of the male porcupines and the female porcupines, the male porcupines and the female porcupines are changed every 3 to 5 years, and the newly selected porcupines for breeding are not the same fetus porcupines.
Furthermore, the feeding trough is provided with 3-6 slidable partition plates.
Further, the coarse feed is prepared from 20-25% of corn flour, 45-50% of rice chaff, 10-12% of potato, 5-8% of carrot, 5-10% of pumpkin and 2-3% of salt. The preferable formula is as follows: 23% of corn flour, 48% of rice chaff, 10% of potato, 8% of carrot, 9% of pumpkin and 2% of salt.
Furthermore, the fine feed is prepared from 50-55% of corn flour, 18-22% of sweet potatoes, 10-12% of potatoes, 5-8% of carrots, 5-10% of bean flour, 3-5% of fish meal and 1-2% of salt. The preferable formula is as follows: 52 percent of corn flour, 18 percent of sweet potato, 11 percent of potato, 7 percent of carrot, 8 percent of bean flour, 3 percent of fish meal and 1 percent of salt.
The invention scientifically and reasonably standardizes various cautions in the porcupine breeding process, optimizes the operation process and the feed formula, not only ensures that the porcupine breeding is more scientific and standardized, and the breeding cost is low, but also ensures that the bred porcupine meat is delicious in quality and rich in nutrition.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a scientific and reasonable standardized porcupine breeding method which is simple to operate. And is realized by the following scheme.
A standardized porcupine breeding method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a breeding place: the porcupine breeding land is selected from the places with the elevation of 1100 + 1300 meters, low noise, ventilation, convenient water taking, flat terrain and large forest coverage rate around.
(2) Construction of the porcupine house: the layout of the pigsty is planned in advance, and then the breeding shed is constructed according to the layout of the pigsty, the breeding shed needs to be rain-proof and sun-proof, and the ventilation and lighting effects are good; each breeding shed is provided with 3-4 rows of porcupine houses, a passageway with the width of 1-1.2 meters is arranged between two adjacent rows of porcupine houses, each row of porcupine houses is provided with 8-10 porcupine houses, each porcupine house is 3-5 meters long and 3-5 meters wide, the lowest part of the enclosing wall of the porcupine house is not less than 1.3 meters, and the ground of the porcupine houses is poured by cement; before the porcupine house is built, a sewage discharge system is erected, a sewage discharge ditch is arranged below a passageway, the upper part of the sewage discharge ditch is tightly covered by a cover plate, and each porcupine house is provided with a sewage discharge outlet communicated with the sewage discharge ditch; each porcupine house is provided with a feeding groove, the length of the feeding groove is 1-2 meters, the feeding groove is arranged below the wall body close to one side of the passageway, the wall body is provided with a hole through which the feeding groove can just pass, and when feeding the feed, a feeder can feed the porcupine house only by pulling out the feeding groove on the passageway and pushing the feeding groove into the porcupine house.
(3) Selecting porcupines, namely selecting porcupine cubs with 1-3 months of age, good variety and strong body shape for breeding.
(4) Management in juvenile period: before porcupine cubs are placed in a porcupine house for breeding, the porcupine house is cleaned and disinfected and then placed in the porcupine house, 5-7 cubs are placed in each porcupine house, the porcupine house is fed with fine feed for 3-4 times every day in the first 1-2 months, when the feed is fed, at least two thirds of the breeding trough on a passageway but not all the breeding trough is pulled out, then the feed is put in the breeding trough, the suitable amount of the feed in each time is not too much or too little, but the feed is guaranteed to be paved at the bottom of the breeding trough; the porcupine house is cleaned regularly every day, because cubs are all living and afraid of noise, the movement cannot be too large during cleaning, so that porcupine is prevented from being disturbed, and the inside of the porcupine house is kept dry, cool and quick and has light peculiar smell; regularly putting clean water into the culture tank for 2-3 times every day, and cleaning residual feed or sundries in the culture tank before putting.
(5) And (3) management in a growing period: after the porcupines are raised for 1-2 months, the porcupines are slowly familiar with the smell of breeders, the activity of the porcupines is increased, the food intake is increased, the body growth is accelerated, and fighting is carried out to avoid food robbing; the number of porcupines in each porcupine house is reduced to 2-3; meanwhile, the feed is changed into a feeding mode taking coarse feed as a main part and green feed as an auxiliary part; in addition, during the period, the porcupine starts to grow and starts to grind teeth, so that a pine branch with green pine needles needs to be thrown into the porcupine house every day for the porcupine to bite the grinding teeth.
(6) Management of the mature period: after the porcupines are raised for 7 months, after the porcupines enter the maturity period, the porcupines grow into bodies and begin to estrate, male porcupines and female porcupines with strong physique are selected, the porcupines are singly raised and bred in a one-male-three-female mode, the rest porcupines are sold in sale, the bred porcupines are fed with high-protein feed in the period, and the porcupines are fed for 3-4 times a day; feeding other porcupines to be sold with common coarse fodder for 2-3 times a day; after the estrus period, separately and independently feeding pregnant female porcupines, mainly using coarse fodder and green fodder, and regularly feeding high-protein fodder; each female porcupine used for mating is pregnant 2 times every year, and the interval between every two times is 6-7 months; in order to prevent the inbreeding of the male porcupines and the female porcupines, the male porcupines and the female porcupines are changed every 3 to 5 years, and the newly selected porcupines for breeding are not the same fetus porcupines.
Furthermore, the feeding trough is provided with 3-6 slidable partition plates. Therefore, the feeding groove can be divided into a plurality of sections, and the feed is placed in each section, so that the porcupines can be effectively prevented from snatching.
Further, the coarse feed is prepared from 20-25% of corn flour, 45-50% of rice chaff, 10-12% of potato, 5-8% of carrot, 5-10% of pumpkin and 2-3% of salt. The preferable formula is as follows: 23% of corn flour, 48% of rice chaff, 10% of potato, 8% of carrot, 9% of pumpkin and 2% of salt.
Furthermore, the fine feed is prepared from 50-55% of corn flour, 18-22% of sweet potatoes, 10-12% of potatoes, 5-8% of carrots, 5-10% of bean flour, 3-5% of fish meal and 1-2% of salt. The preferable formula is as follows: 52 percent of corn flour, 18 percent of sweet potato, 11 percent of potato, 7 percent of carrot, 8 percent of bean flour, 3 percent of fish meal and 1 percent of salt.
The invention scientifically and reasonably standardizes various cautions in the porcupine breeding process, optimizes the operation process and the feed formula, not only ensures that the porcupine breeding is more scientific and standardized, and the breeding cost is low, but also ensures that the bred porcupine meat is delicious in quality and rich in nutrition.
Claims (6)
1. The standardized porcupine breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a breeding place: selecting a place with the altitude of 1100 + 1300 m, low noise, ventilation, convenient water taking, flat terrain and large forest coverage rate around as a porcupine breeding place;
(2) construction of the porcupine house: the layout of the pigsty is planned in advance, and then the breeding shed is constructed according to the layout of the pigsty, the breeding shed needs to be rain-proof and sun-proof, and the ventilation and lighting effects are good; each breeding shed is provided with 3-4 rows of porcupine houses, a passageway with the width of 1-1.2 meters is arranged between two adjacent rows of porcupine houses, each row of porcupine houses is provided with 8-10 porcupine houses, each porcupine house is 3-5 meters long and 3-5 meters wide, the lowest part of the enclosing wall of the porcupine house is not less than 1.3 meters, and the ground of the porcupine houses is poured by cement; before the porcupine house is built, a sewage discharge system is erected, a sewage discharge ditch is arranged below a passageway, the upper part of the sewage discharge ditch is tightly covered by a cover plate, and each porcupine house is provided with a sewage discharge outlet communicated with the sewage discharge ditch; each porcupine house is provided with a feeding groove, the length of each feeding groove is 1-2 meters, the feeding grooves are arranged below the wall body close to one side of the passageway, the wall body is provided with a hole through which the feeding grooves can just pass, and when a feeder feeds the feed, the feeder can feed the porcupine house only by pulling out the feeding grooves on the passageway and pushing the feeding grooves into the porcupine house;
(3) selecting porcupines, namely selecting porcupine cubs with 1-3 months of age, good variety and strong body shape for breeding;
(4) management in juvenile period: before porcupine cubs are placed in a porcupine house for breeding, the porcupine house is cleaned and disinfected and then placed in the porcupine house, 5-7 cubs are placed in each porcupine house, the porcupine house is fed with fine feed for 3-4 times every day in the first 1-2 months, when the feed is fed, at least two thirds of the breeding trough on a passageway but not all the breeding trough is pulled out, then the feed is put in the breeding trough, the suitable amount of the feed in each time is not too much or too little, but the feed is guaranteed to be paved at the bottom of the breeding trough; the porcupine house is cleaned regularly every day, because cubs are all living and afraid of noise, the movement cannot be too large during cleaning, so that porcupine is prevented from being disturbed, and the inside of the porcupine house is kept dry, cool and quick and has light peculiar smell; regularly putting clean water into the culture tank for 2-3 times every day, and cleaning residual feed or sundries in the culture tank before putting;
(5) and (3) management in a growing period: after the porcupines are raised for 1-2 months, the porcupines are slowly familiar with the smell of breeders, the activity of the porcupines is increased, the food intake is increased, the body growth is accelerated, and fighting is carried out to avoid food robbing; the number of porcupines in each porcupine house is reduced to 2-3; meanwhile, the feed is changed into a feeding mode taking coarse feed as a main part and green feed as an auxiliary part; in addition, during the period, the porcupine teeth begin to grow and begin to grind teeth, so that a pine branch with green pine needles needs to be thrown into the porcupine house every day for the porcupine to bite and grind the teeth;
(6) management of the mature period: after the porcupines are raised for 7 months, after the porcupines enter the maturity period, the porcupines grow into bodies and begin to estrate, male porcupines and female porcupines with strong physique are selected, the porcupines are singly raised and bred in a one-male-three-female mode, the rest porcupines are sold in sale, the bred porcupines are fed with high-protein feed in the period, and the porcupines are fed for 3-4 times a day; feeding other porcupines to be sold with common coarse fodder for 2-3 times a day; after the estrus period, separately and independently feeding pregnant female porcupines, mainly using coarse fodder and green fodder, and regularly feeding high-protein fodder; each female porcupine used for mating is pregnant 2 times every year, and the interval between every two times is 6-7 months; in order to prevent the inbreeding of the male porcupines and the female porcupines, the male porcupines and the female porcupines are changed every 3 to 5 years, and the newly selected porcupines for breeding are not the same fetus porcupines.
2. The method for the standardized breeding of porcupines as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding trough is provided with 3-6 slidable partitions.
3. The standardized porcupine breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roughage is made of 20-25% of corn flour, 45-50% of rice chaff, 10-12% of potato, 5-8% of carrot, 5-10% of pumpkin and 2-3% of salt.
4. The standardized porcupine breeding method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the roughage is made of 23% of corn flour, 48% of rice chaff, 10% of potato, 8% of carrot, 9% of pumpkin and 2% of salt.
5. The standardized porcupine breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine feed is prepared from 50-55% of corn flour, 18-22% of sweet potato, 10-12% of potato, 5-8% of carrot, 5-10% of bean flour, 3-5% of fish meal and 1-2% of salt.
6. The standardized porcupine breeding method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fine feed is prepared from 52% of corn flour, 18% of sweet potato, 11% of potato, 7% of carrot, 8% of bean flour, 3% of fish meal and 1% of salt.
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| CN107821311A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-03-23 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of porcupine cultural method |
| CN107836416A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-27 | 童慧 | A kind of hog scale green high-yield cultivation method |
| CN108236048A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-03 | 普安县龙吟兴民种养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of perfume pig postpartum feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108541832A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-18 | 普安县龙吟兴民种养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of perfume pannage and preparation method thereof |
| CN108377970A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-10 | 普安县龙吟兴民种养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of perfume pig |
| CN108605886A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-10-02 | 普安县龙吟兴民种养殖开发有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of perfume pig |
| CN108575901A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-09-28 | 胡志海 | A kind of cultural method of porcupine |
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| CN105325717A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-02-17 | 梁建波 | Porcupine feeding food and feeding method thereof |
| CN104872064A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-02 | 湄潭县星光豪猪养殖有限公司 | Porcupine planting and breeding integrated recycling method |
| CN106614317A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-10 | 迪庆沃夫农林开发有限公司 | Method for artificially breeding porcupines |
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