CN106944626B - 一种用于汽车细密封涂覆pvc材料的复杂流管及制造方法 - Google Patents

一种用于汽车细密封涂覆pvc材料的复杂流管及制造方法 Download PDF

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CN106944626B
CN106944626B CN201710245318.XA CN201710245318A CN106944626B CN 106944626 B CN106944626 B CN 106944626B CN 201710245318 A CN201710245318 A CN 201710245318A CN 106944626 B CN106944626 B CN 106944626B
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王迪
王艺锰
杨永强
许振龙
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Guangzhou Leijia Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou Lei Jiazeng Material Science And Technology Co Ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管及制造方法；包括用于固定在机械臂上的底座、与底座连接的用于输送PVC密封胶的管道；所述底座与安装在机械臂上的PVC涂胶泵接口可拆卸式对接；PVC涂胶泵将PVC密封胶通过管道输送至汽车的待涂覆或者密封部位。本复杂流管克服了传统采用钛合金管材分段焊接加工所存在的焊接处易折断，且各段焊接处难处理以及因为钛合金管材较薄容易焊穿等缺点。并且管道的各连接处均为一体成型的圆弧过渡，大大降低了胶体的阻尼，增加了流动性，同时可以降低金属3D打印制造难度。本复杂流管通过与金属3D打印工艺结合，所制得的复杂流管具有使用方便、结构简单、强度高、不易断裂等优点。

Description

一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管及制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车涂胶构件，尤其涉及一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管及制造方法。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高，人们对于汽车不仅要求实用性、可靠性，而且还对美观性、舒适性提出更高的要求。为了使汽车车身具有较好的密封性、防锈性、耐久性，会在车身的门窗及前后盖涂覆密封材料，一般使用的材料为聚乙烯树脂加增塑剂等配置成无溶剂PVC涂料，能起到减震、隔音、密封的作用，提高了汽车的舒适性和安全性。
涂胶密封工艺分为粗密封和细密封两个工序。其中，车身外表可见的焊缝密封，因要求其有较好的外观效果，需精心涂布和修饰，成为细密封。细密封工序指车身外表面、门框、前后盖的密封，在车底喷涂后进行，要求完成车身喷胶后残胶以及对发动机盖周边板折边缝、顶盖淌水沟焊缝、后盖周边折边缝、四门边缝、四门窗框焊缝、A、B、C立柱外部焊缝、后盖流水槽进行挤塞PVC胶，其作用是增强车身的密封性能达到防水、隔音隔热和提高焊缝防腐性能，最终提高汽车的舒适度和延长使用寿命。挤出PVC胶要涂胶部位精确，不堵塞和妨碍安装孔，均匀适量、连续平稳、密实、胶体光滑无堆积断胶，涂胶厚度2-3mm
目前汽车涂胶工艺主要有人工涂胶和机器人涂胶两种方式，人工涂胶工作量相对较大，而机器人涂胶出胶稳定，力度精准平稳，具有较好的涂覆效果。但是限制于汽车结构的复杂性，需要定制涂覆时的流管，配合汽车前后盖的结构，进行快速涂覆，提高工作效率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点和不足，提供一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管及制造方法。具有结构简单、胶体流动顺畅、工作效率高等优点，尤其适用于汽车复杂部位的涂覆。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现：
一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管，包括用于固定在机械臂上的底座11、与底座11连接的用于输送PVC密封胶的管道12；所述底座11与安装在机械臂上的PVC涂胶泵接口可拆卸式对接；PVC涂胶泵将PVC密封胶通过管道12输送至汽车的待涂覆或者密封部位。
所述管道12按照PVC密封胶的流向依次分为进胶段121、过渡段122和出胶段123；
所述进胶段121为锥形渐缩道，即其内径顺着PVC密封胶的流向逐渐变小；
所述出胶段123整体呈“7”字形结构，其由直管段123-1和弯折段123-2构成；所述过渡段122的轴线与直管段123-1的轴线相交，夹角为35°～45°，所述直管段123-1与弯折段123-2的轴线彼此垂直。
所述进胶段121、过渡段122、直管段123-1、弯折段123-2之间连接处均采用圆角过渡，以减小PVC密封胶的流动阻力。
在弯折段123-2末端侧壁开设矩形出胶口123-3；矩形出胶口123-3的开口方向位于“7”字形结构的内侧
过渡段122和出胶段123的内径根据流量设计公式(D为管道内径，G为出胶总重量，π为圆周率，v为出胶速度，p为胶的密度值，t为出胶时间)，根据设计公式和实际涂覆时缝隙大小将过渡段122和出胶段123内径设计为1.50mm～1.60mm、壁厚均为0.10mm-0.25mm。
所述进胶段121、过渡段122、直管段123-1、弯折段123-2为一次成型结构。
本发明用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管的制备方法：
所述制备方法是将底座11和管道12分别采用金属3D打印；打印材料选用钛合金、不锈钢或者镍合金材料加工；
若选用钛合金3D打印时，成型参数为：激光功率：150W，扫描速度800mm/s，堆积层厚20微米，激光光斑50微米，扫描线间距60微米；激光扫描策略为：先针对管道12的外轮廓进行沟边扫描2次，再进行内部实体填充扫描，以保证管道12的外表面质量；
管道12在成型过程是竖直倒立摆放，管道12外表面任一位置与平面的夹角不能少于40°，以防止3D打印过程中添加支撑结构。
本发明相对于现有技术，具有如下的优点及效果：
本发明底座和管道分别采用金属3D打印一体成型结构，克服了传统采用钛合金管材分段焊接加工所存在的焊接处易折断，且各段焊接处难以准确配合处理以及因为钛合金管材较薄容易焊穿等缺点。
本发明管道的各连接处均为一体成型的圆弧过渡，大大降低了胶体的阻尼，增加了流动性，同时可以降低金属3D打印制造难度。
本发明根据流体动力原理，将进胶段采用锥形渐缩道设计，即其内径顺着PVC密封胶的流向逐渐变小，使胶体的压强增大，流速也随之变大，保证出胶时有足够的压力，提高了涂覆时的稳定性及平滑性。
本发明管道的曲线结构，尤其适用于汽车结构复杂部位的涂覆。
本发明通过与金属3D打印工艺结合，所制得的复杂流管，具有使用方便、结构简单、强度高、不易断裂等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管结构示意图。
图2为图1中A放大示意图。
图3为本发明装配前的结构示意图。
图4为本发明底座结构示意图。
图5为本发明管道结构示意图。
图6为图3装配后的结构示意图。
图7为本发明成型时摆放示意图。
图8为本发明使用示意图一。
图9为本发明使用示意图二。
图10为本发明使用示意图三。
图11为本发明PVC密封胶出胶时的流向示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步具体详细描述。
实施例
如图1至11所示。本发明公开了一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管，包括用于固定在机械臂上的底座11、与底座11连接的用于输送PVC密封胶的管道12；所述底座11与安装在机械臂上的PVC涂胶泵接口可拆卸式对接；PVC涂胶泵将PVC密封胶通过管道12输送至汽车的待涂覆或者密封部位。根据PVC密封胶的粘度和环境温度，调整PVC涂胶泵(喷涂机)的进气压力在4.9*105-6.9*105Pa范围，涂胶厚度一般可选2-3mm。
所述管道12按照PVC密封胶的流向依次分为进胶段121、过渡段122和出胶段123；
所述进胶段121为锥形渐缩道，即其内径顺着PVC密封胶的流向逐渐变小；
所述出胶段123整体呈“7”字形结构，其由直管段123-1和弯折段123-2构成；所述过渡段122的轴线与直管段123-1的轴线相交，夹角为35°～45°，所述直管段123-1与弯折段123-2的轴线彼此垂直。
所述进胶段121、过渡段122、直管段123-1、弯折段123-2之间连接处均采用圆角过渡，以减小PVC密封胶的流动阻力。
在弯折段123-2末端侧壁开设矩形出胶口123-3；矩形出胶口123-3的开口方向位于“7”字形结构的内侧。
过渡段122和出胶段123的内径根据流量设计公式(D为管道内径，G为出胶总重量，π为圆周率，v为出胶速度，p为胶的密度值，t为出胶时间)，根据设计公式和实际涂覆时缝隙大小将过渡段122和出胶段123内径设计为1.50mm～1.60mm、壁厚均为0.10mm-0.25mm。
所述进胶段121、过渡段122、直管段123-1、弯折段123-2为一次成型结构。
若对汽车后盖区域涂覆时，弯折段123-2与汽车后盖边缘保持平行的方向进入后盖与车身的缝隙中，再旋转一定角度，使矩形出胶口123-3对准需要涂胶的表面，如图8、图9所示。
本发明用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料的复杂流管的制备方法：
所述制备方法是将底座11和管道12分别采用金属3D打印；打印材料选用钛合金、不锈钢或者镍合金材料加工；
若选用钛合金3D打印时，成型参数为：激光功率：150W，扫描速度800mm/s，堆积层厚20微米，激光光斑50微米，扫描线间距60微米；激光扫描策略为：先针对管道12的外轮廓进行沟边扫描2次，再进行内部实体填充扫描，以保证管道12的外表面质量；
由于管道12结构复杂，内径小，管壁薄，成型时需要注意管道的摆放角度，即管道12在成型过程是竖直倒立摆放，管道12外表面任一位置与平面的夹角不能少于40°，以防止3D打印过程中添加支撑结构；如图7所示。
底座11和管道12打印完成后，需要表面打磨抛光处理，包括对矩形出胶口的清理，以保证出胶口的形状和尺寸精度，从而提高涂胶质量。
如上所述，便可较好地实现本发明。
本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料复杂流管的制备方法，其特征在于：
所述汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料复杂流管包括用于固定在机械臂上的底座(11)、与底座(11)连接的用于输送PVC密封胶的管道(12)；所述底座(11)与安装在机械臂上的PVC涂胶泵接口可拆卸式对接；PVC涂胶泵将PVC密封胶通过管道(12)输送至汽车的待涂覆或者密封部位；
所述管道(12)按照PVC密封胶的流向依次分为进胶段(121)、过渡段(122)和出胶段(123)；
所述进胶段(121)为锥形渐缩道，即其内径顺着PVC密封胶的流向逐渐变小；
所述出胶段(123)整体呈“7”字形结构，其由直管段(123-1)和弯折段(123-2)构成；所述过渡段(122)的轴线与直管段(123-1)的轴线相交，夹角为35°～45°，所述直管段(123-1)与弯折段(123-2)的轴线彼此垂直；
所述进胶段(121)、过渡段(122)、直管段(123-1)、弯折段(123-2)之间连接处均采用圆角过渡，以减小PVC密封胶的流动阻力；
所述汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料复杂流管的制备方法包括如下步骤：
将底座(11)和管道(12)分别采用金属3D打印；打印材料选用钛合金、不锈钢或者镍合金材料加工；
若选用钛合金3D打印时，成型参数为：激光功率：150W，扫描速度800mm/s，堆积层厚20微米，激光光斑50微米，扫描线间距60微米；激光扫描策略为：先针对管道(12)的外轮廓进行沟边扫描2次，再进行内部实体填充扫描，以保证管道(12)的外表面质量；
管道(12)在成型过程是竖直倒立摆放，管道(12)外表面任一位置与平面的夹角不能少于40°，以防止3D打印过程中添加支撑结构；
过渡段(122)和出胶段(123)的内径根据流量设计公式其中：D为管道内径，G为出胶总重量，π为圆周率，v为出胶速度，ρ为胶的密度值，t为出胶时间；根据公式和实际涂覆时缝隙大小，将过渡段(122)和出胶段(123)内径分别设定为1.50mm～1.60mm、壁厚均为0.10mm-0.25mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料复杂流管的制备方法，其特征在于：在弯折段(123-2)末端侧壁开设矩形出胶口(123-3)；矩形出胶口(123-3)的开口方向位于“7”字形结构的内侧。
3.根据权利要求2所述用于汽车细密封涂覆PVC材料复杂流管的制备方法，其特征在于：所述进胶段(121)、过渡段(122)、直管段(123-1)、弯折段(123-2)为一次成型结构。
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