CN106884250B - 防晒抗菌纺织面料 - Google Patents
防晒抗菌纺织面料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106884250B CN106884250B CN201710105669.0A CN201710105669A CN106884250B CN 106884250 B CN106884250 B CN 106884250B CN 201710105669 A CN201710105669 A CN 201710105669A CN 106884250 B CN106884250 B CN 106884250B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- sun
- proof
- bacterial fibre
- proof anti
- mixed yarn
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZTFZSHLWORMEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-A pentaaluminum;[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O ZTFZSHLWORMEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及纺织面料制造技术领域。本发明公开了一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1~2组成,经线的直径为46.5~51.5微米,纬线的直径为43~44.5微米,经线密度为76~79根/cm,纬线密度为55~58根/cm。本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明提供了一种具有强度高、韧性好、吸湿性能极佳并且具有防晒防紫外线和抗菌等功能的聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维基的防晒抗菌面料,同时通过添加维纶纤维和亚麻纤维增强了面料的透气性能和舒适性,使其更适合于夏季天气较炎热环境下使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织面料制造技术领域,尤其是涉及一种防晒抗菌纺织面料。
背景技术
纺织面料是一种日常生活种常见的轻工业产品,从前由于生活水平较低,纺织面料只要满足耐用触感好等特点即可,现在随着生活水平的提高,人们对纺织面料的功能趋于多样化,对纺织面料的功能要求也越来越高,类似于抗菌功能这种有利于身心健康的功能也成为消费者的需求,另外随着消费者安全意识的提高,对于纺织面料的阻燃性能也有了要求。
聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维又称为维纶纤维,其相对密度1.26~1.30g/cc,软化点220~230℃,水中软化点110℃;棉型短纤维的纤度1.4旦;干湿强度分别为5.4克力/旦、4.3克力/旦,干湿伸度分别为16.5%、17.5%,杨氏模数550千克力/毫米,弹性恢复率(3%)70%;其特点是强度高、韧性好、吸湿性好、耐磨、耐酸碱、湿强度高、不怕霉蛀等;维纶纤维主要用来制作衣服,也可用于制造各种缆绳,帆布,农用防风、防寒纱布等。
由于维纶纤维具有极好的吸湿性能,因此常被用于制作夏季穿着的服装,但是夏季天气炎热,紫外线强度大,防晒也成为一件重要的事,由于维纶纤维的特点,其防晒防紫外线的能力较差,因此需要对其进行防晒防紫外线的功能改性,同时夏季温度适宜,服装表面容易滋生细菌等微生物,为了消费者的身心健康,服装的抗菌性能也变得异常重要。但是,维纶纤维也存在弹性较差,染色性能不够好等缺点,也真是这些缺点限制了其使用,如果仅仅以维纶纤维制成纱线制得面料使用,其上述缺点无法得到改变。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种具有较高弹性、韧性好、染色性能优、透气性佳、吸湿性能极佳、舒适性好并且具有防晒防紫外线和抗菌等功能的防晒抗菌纺织面料。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1~2组成,经线的直径为46.5~51.5微米,纬线的直径为43~44.5微米,经线密度为76~79根/cm,纬线密度为55~58根/cm。
添加亚麻纤维和维纶纤维作为纬线,与防晒抗菌纤维一同织得纺织面料,可以增强面料的舒适性和透气性,使其能够更适宜于夏季使用。
作为优选,防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为20~23wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为11~14wt%,余量为防晒抗菌纤维;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱。
天丝纤维兼具普通型粘胶纤维优良的吸湿性、柔滑飘逸性、舒适性等优点外,克服了普通粘胶纤维强力低,尤其是湿强低的缺陷,它的强力几乎与涤纶相近,同时可纺性好,强力高,所以它可以和棉、毛、丝、麻等天然纤维混纺,混纺后可以改善纱线的品质、质量既有合纤的强度,又有天然纤维的吸湿性、抗静电性,有丝绸般的手感和光泽,具有易于纺织、染整加工,穿着舒适等特点。棉纤维具有很好的吸湿性能,与肌肤接触无任何刺激,无负作用,久穿对人体有益无害,卫生性能良好。
聚丙烯腈纤维也称为腈纶,是由质量百分比大于85%的聚丙烯腈或丙烯腈的丙烯腈共聚物,经干法纺丝或湿法纺丝制成的合成纤维,聚丙烯腈纤维的弹性似羊毛,同时具有膨松、易染、柔软、色泽鲜艳、染色性好、不怕虫蛀等优点。
在混纺前,先将阻燃抗菌纤维分别与天丝纤维、腈纶纤维螺旋交捻,可以使防晒抗菌纤维最充分均匀的分布在制得的混纺纱中,可以更好的起到防晒和抗菌功效。
作为优选,防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂4~7份,抗菌添加剂6~9份,水625~715份,抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝30~40wt%,磷酸钙10~20wt%,余量为三聚磷酸铝;防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛93~96wt%,葡萄糖2~3wt%,余量为抗坏血酸。
作为优选,纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4000~4500rpm的转速高速球磨350~700分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在730~830℃下煅烧4~10小时,升温速率为1~3℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1000~1500rpm转速下中速球磨1~3小时,然后清洗5~7次,制得纤维状二氧化钛。
二氧化钛俗称钛白粉,是一种具有极高白度,是一种效果极佳的光反射材料,同时其还具有相当优良的吸收和反射紫外线的能力,加上其无毒无害等特点,是一种极佳的防晒抗紫外线材料;市场上常见的是粉末状的钛白粉,由于化纤材料多为有机高分子材料,与无机材料间的结合能力较差,为了改善钛白粉与聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维的结合能力,本发明中采用纤维状或棒状的钛白粉作为防晒添加剂的一部分原料;由于钛白粉,即二氧化钛是一种具有光催化性能的无机化合物,其在吸收紫外线后会发生光催化反应,会产生大量氢氧自由基,这些氢氧自由基具有极强的氧化性,若不去理会这些产生的氢氧自由基,则可能会对消费者身心健康产生加大的损害,因此需要添加适量的还原剂以消除产生的氢氧自由基,抑制这种氧化型效果,葡萄糖和抗坏血酸钠是两种具有相对较弱的还原性的物质,这两种物质对人身无害,不会产生不良影响,在合适添加范围内对聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维的影响也较小,通过控制添加量可以将对纤维的不良影响降低到最小;通过葡萄糖和抗坏血酸钠的复配,可以改善抑制氧化性程度的范围。纤维状二氧化钛通过熔盐法制得,采用偏钛酸作为原料,在熔盐的作用下使偏钛酸分解为二氧化钛,同时也在流动熔盐的作用下使得结晶生成的二氧化钛具有较大的长径比成为二氧化钛纤维;熔盐法中,随着熔盐比例的提高,制得的产物的长径比趋于增大;为了满足二氧化钛与聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维的结合能力,由能够控制成本,因此选用料盐比为1:10~15,使得长径比保持在20~30之间;最后加水球磨清洗,洗去其中的熔盐。
作为优选,防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在90~101℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为241~359分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在81~89℃下强力搅拌11~15分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝。
作为优选,步骤c中,纺丝原液B冷却至30~40℃后再加入防晒添加剂。
作为优选,步骤d中,喷丝头的孔径选用0.06~0.08毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为66~74℃,处理时间为10~40分钟。
本发明选用的抗菌添加剂都是具有耐高温的无机磷酸盐类,其可以抵御高温而不发生分解,因此,其可以在较高温度时添加,既能够保证其不被破坏,也能保证其更好的与有机溶剂及聚乙烯醇融合,不发生分离现象;但是防晒剂中的部分成分,如抗坏血酸钠和葡萄糖属于遇高温易分解的添加物,因此需要在溶液稍微冷却后再进行添加,需要选用一个既能够保证与有机成分良好融合,又要能够保证其添加后完整、不分解。
因此,本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明提供了一种具有强度高、韧性好、吸湿性能极佳并且具有防晒防紫外线和抗菌等功能的聚乙烯醇缩醛纤维基的防晒抗菌面料,同时通过添加维纶纤维和亚麻纤维增强了面料的透气性能和舒适性,使其更适合于夏季天气较炎热环境下使用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1组成,经线的直径为46.5微米,纬线的直径为43微米,经线密度为76根/cm,纬线密度为55根/cm;
其中,防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为20wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为11wt%,防晒抗菌纤维69wt%;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱;
同时,防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂4份,抗菌添加剂6份,水625份;抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝30wt%,磷酸钙10wt%,三聚磷酸铝60wt%;防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛93wt%,葡萄糖2wt%,抗坏血酸5wt%;纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4000rpm的转速高速球磨350分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在730℃下煅烧4小时,升温速率为1℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1000rpm转速下中速球磨1小时,然后清洗5次,制得纤维状二氧化钛;防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在90℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为241分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在81℃下强力搅拌11分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却至30℃后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝;喷丝头的孔径选用0.06毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为66℃,处理时间为10分钟。
实施例2
一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1.5组成,经线的直径为48.5微米,纬线的直径为43.5微米,经线密度为77根/cm,纬线密度为56根/cm;
其中,防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为21wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为12wt%,防晒抗菌纤维67wt%;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱;
同时,防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂57份,抗菌添加剂7份,水665份;抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝35wt%,磷酸钙15wt%,三聚磷酸铝50wt%;防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛94wt%,葡萄糖2.5wt%,抗坏血酸3.5wt%;纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4200rpm的转速高速球磨500分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在770℃下煅烧6小时,升温速率为2℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1200rpm转速下中速球磨2小时,然后清洗6次,制得纤维状二氧化钛;防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在94℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为280分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在84℃下强力搅拌12分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却至35℃后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝;喷丝头的孔径选用0.07毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为69℃,处理时间为20分钟。
实施例3
一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1.5组成,经线的直径为49.5微米,纬线的直径为44微米,经线密度为78根/cm,纬线密度为57根/cm;
其中,防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为22wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为13wt%,防晒抗菌纤维65wt%;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱;
同时,防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂6份,抗菌添加剂8份,水685份;抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝37wt%,磷酸钙15wt%,三聚磷酸铝48wt%;防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛95wt%,葡萄糖2.5wt%,抗坏血酸2.5wt%;纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4300rpm的转速高速球磨600分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在800℃下煅烧8小时,升温速率为2℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1400rpm转速下中速球磨2小时,然后清洗6次,制得纤维状二氧化钛;防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在97℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为320分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在86℃下强力搅拌14分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却至35℃后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝;喷丝头的孔径选用0.07毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为71℃,处理时间为30分钟。
实施例4
一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:2组成,经线的直径为51.5微米,纬线的直径为44.5微米,经线密度为79根/cm,纬线密度为58根/cm;
其中,防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为23wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为14wt%,防晒抗菌纤维63wt%;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱;
同时,防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂7份,抗菌添加剂9份,水715份;抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝40wt%,磷酸钙20wt%,三聚磷酸铝40wt%;防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛96wt%,葡萄糖3wt%,抗坏血酸1wt%;纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4500rpm的转速高速球磨700分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在830℃下煅烧10小时,升温速率为3℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1500rpm转速下中速球磨3小时,然后清洗7次,制得纤维状二氧化钛;防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在101℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为359分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在89℃下强力搅拌15分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却至40℃后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝;喷丝头的孔径选用0.08毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为74℃,处理时间为40分钟。
本发明中的防晒抗菌纺织面料的防晒指数UPF大于35,UVA的透过率小于4%,符合并优于我国相关规定的要求;采用振荡法(GB/T 20944.3-2008)测试上述实施例制得的阻燃抗菌纤维,对大肠杆菌的抗菌率为98%及以上,对金黄葡萄球菌的抗菌率为99%及以上。
应当理解的是,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其特征在于:其由经线和纬线相互垂直交织制得,经线为防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱,纬线由亚麻纤维和维纶纤维按重量比1:1~2组成,经线的直径为46.5~51.5微米,纬线的直径为43~44.5微米,经线密度为76~79根/cm,纬线密度为55~58根/cm;
所述的防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱由防晒抗菌纤维、天丝纤维和腈纶纤维混纺制得,其中天丝纤维的含量为20~23wt%,腈纶纤维的含量为11~14wt%,余量为防晒抗菌纤维;等重量的天丝纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第一混纺纱,等重量的腈纶纤维和防晒抗菌纤维呈螺旋状交捻制得第二混纺纱,将剩余的防晒抗菌纤维和第一混纺纱、第二混纺纱呈螺旋状交捻制得防晒抗菌纤维混纺纱;
所述的防晒抗菌纤维由以下重量份的原料制得:聚乙烯醇105份,防晒添加剂4~7份,抗菌添加剂6~9份,水625~715份,所述抗菌添加剂中含有,磷酸铝30~40wt%,磷酸钙10~20wt%,余量为三聚磷酸铝;所述防晒添加剂中含有,纤维状二氧化钛93~96wt%,葡萄糖2~3wt%,余量为抗坏血酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其特征在于所述的纤维状二氧化钛由以下步骤制得:先将偏钛酸粉末与熔盐混合后在乙醇中以4000~4500rpm的转速高速球磨350~700分钟,球磨后烘干,之后将烘干后的原料在730~830℃下煅烧4~10小时,升温速率为1~3℃/min,煅烧完成并冷却后在水中以1000~1500rpm转速下中速球磨1~3小时,然后清洗5~7次,制得纤维状二氧化钛。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其特征在于所述的防晒抗菌纤维由以下步骤制得:
a)将聚乙烯醇与水混合并溶解,并在90~101℃下强力搅拌溶解,搅拌时间为241~359分钟,制得纺丝原液A;
b)向纺丝原液A中加入抗菌剂添加剂,并在81~89℃下强力搅拌11~15分钟,制得纺丝原液B;
c)将纺丝原液B冷却后,向其中加入防晒添加剂并搅拌,等冷却后补足失去的水分,制得纺丝原液;
d)将纺丝原液输送到纺丝机,经喷丝头挤出后在饱和硫酸钠水溶液凝固液中成型,再经拉伸处理,然后在硫酸为催化剂下与甲醛进行缩醛化处理,之后经水洗,上油即得防晒抗菌纤维原丝。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其特征在于:所述步骤c中,纺丝原液B冷却至30~40℃后再加入防晒添加剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种防晒抗菌纺织面料,其特征在于:所述步骤d中,喷丝头的孔径选用0.06~0.08毫米的喷丝头,缩醛化处理的温度为66~74℃,处理时间为10~40分钟。
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