CN106835739B - 一种涤纶织物低温染色方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种涤纶织物低温染色方法，该方法首先采用低温等离子对涤纶织物进行预处理，增加纤维表面粗糙度，提高涤纶织物的亲水性；然后以2,6‑二羟基对苯二甲酸为载体，进行载体染色，在染色过程中，添加低温染色助剂，提高分散染料的溶解度，促进分散染料在织物表面的吸附；同时添加有机酯类化合物调节染浴pH值。所得染色织物色深度、染色牢度与传统高温高压染色织物相当。
Description
技术领域
本发明属纺织技术领域，特别是涉及一种涤纶织物低温染色方法。
背景技术
涤纶纤维大分子链紧密敛集，结晶度和取向度较高，极性较小，缺乏亲水基团，因此，常压下染色困难。目前，主要染色方法有：高温高压染色法、热熔染色法、载体染色法。高温高压染色能耗大，设备运行成本高。载体染色可降低染色温度，实现常压染色，但传统载体染色对环境污染严重。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种降低涤纶织物染色温度，方便、染色性能好的涤纶织物低温染色方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：首先采用低温等离子对涤纶织物进行预处理，然后以2,6-二羟基对苯二甲酸为载体，进行载体染色，在染色过程中，添加低温染色助剂，提高分散染料的溶解度，促进分散染料在织物表面的吸附；同时添加有机酯类化合物调节染浴pH值。
上述的低温染色助剂由非离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂复配而成，非离子表面活性剂为平平加O和异构醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种；阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠与脂肪醇醚硫酸钠中的一种；阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂质量之比为3-4:1。
上述的有机酯类化合物为乙二醇二乙酸酯。
上述技术方案的具体步骤为：
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20-60Pa时，辉光放电，放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5-2℃/min升温至100-105℃，保温45-60min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
步骤(1)中所述的辉光放电功率150-200W，放电时间5-10min。
步骤(2)中所述的还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8-10:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
(1)采用低温等离子对涤纶织物进行预处理，增加纤维表面粗糙度，提高涤纶织物的亲水性。
(2)选用绿色环保的2,6-二羟基对苯二甲酸为载体，避免普通载体染色时的异味和毒性。
(3)采用乙二醇二乙酸酯作为染浴pH调节剂，在染色过程中，乙二醇二乙酸酯缓慢水解，释放出醋酸，使染浴pH值始终维持在弱酸性。
附图说明
图1实施例1染色过程中染液pH变化曲线
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率150W，放电时间10min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至100℃，保温45min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
对比例1-1
将未经低温等离子体处理的涤纶织物，按照实施例1所述的染色处方和染色工艺过程进行染色。
对比例1-2
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率150W，放电时间10min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至100℃，保温45min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
对比例1-3
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率150W，放电时间10min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至100℃，保温45min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
对比例1-4
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率150W，放电时间10min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至100℃，保温45min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
对比例1-5(传统染色)
染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至130℃，保温45min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
实施例2
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为60Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率200W，放电时间5min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以2℃/min升温至105℃，保温60min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比10:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
实施例2-1(传统染色)
染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以2℃/min升温至130℃，保温60min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比10:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
实施例3
(1)将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为40Pa时，辉光放电，辉光放电功率180W，放电时间8min；放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
(2)将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至102℃，保温50min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比9:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
实施例3-1(传统染色)
染色处方：
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5℃/min升温至130℃，保温50min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比9:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
实施例4
颜色深度(K/S值)的测定：将染色织物折叠两次(四层)，采用Datacolor SF600X电脑测色配色仪在λmax处测定染色织物的K/S值，每个试样测四次取平均值。
染色牢度测试：耐摩擦色牢度按GB/T 3920-2008规定方法测定；耐洗色牢度按GB/T 3921-2008规定方法测定。
表1所得染色织物颜色深度(K/S值)及染色牢度
从表1可看出，本发明所得染色织物各项色牢度优异，染色织物的色深度高于传统染色。
Claims (4)
1.一种涤纶织物低温染色方法，其特征在于：所述方法的具体步骤为，
（1）将纺织品置于等离子体处理机腔体内的架子上，开启真空泵，当反应腔体内真空度为5Pa时，通入氧气，调节氧气流量至反应腔体内真空度为20-60Pa时，辉光放电，放电结束后，将织物取出，备用；
（2）将经低温等离子体处理过的织物进行载体染色，染色处方：
分散染料 1-3%（o.w.f）
2,6-二羟基对苯二甲酸 4-8%（o.w.f）
低温染色助剂 5%-10%（o.w.f）
乙二醇二乙酸酯 2-5g/L
碳酸钠调节 pH 6-7
浴比 8-10:1
染色过程：40℃入染，然后以1.5-2℃/min升温至100-105℃，保温45-60min，保温结束后以2℃/min速度降温至60℃，取出织物，然后还原清洗，水洗，烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物低温染色方法，其特征在于：所述的低温染色助剂由非离子表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂复配而成，非离子表面活性剂为平平加O和异构醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种；阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠与脂肪醇醚硫酸钠中的一种；阴离子表面活性剂与非离子表面活性剂质量之比为3-4:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物低温染色方法，其特征在于：步骤（1）中所述的辉光放电功率150-200W，放电时间5-10min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物低温染色方法，其特征在于：所述的还原清洗工艺参数为：保险粉2g/L，烧碱2g/L，浴比8-10:1，温度90℃，时间20min。
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