CN106832243B - 一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法 - Google Patents

一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法 Download PDF

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CN106832243B
CN106832243B CN201710081303.4A CN201710081303A CN106832243B CN 106832243 B CN106832243 B CN 106832243B CN 201710081303 A CN201710081303 A CN 201710081303A CN 106832243 B CN106832243 B CN 106832243B
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polycaprolactone
initiator
acid
monomer
catalyst
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CN106832243A (zh
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王结祥
纪红兵
周晓武
周贤太
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Shandong Shangzheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Huizhou Research Institute of Sun Yat Sen University
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    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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    • C08G63/82Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/06Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
    • C08G63/08Lactones or lactides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/78Preparation processes
    • C08G63/82Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used
    • C08G63/823Preparation processes characterised by the catalyst used for the preparation of polylactones or polylactides

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法,该方法是以ε‑己内酯为单体,有机羧酸为催化剂,加入引发剂,在反应温度为20~150℃的条件下采用本体聚合方法制得聚己内酯,所得聚己内酯的分子量在10000~100000之间。本发明具有催化活性高、条件温和、工艺简单等优点。

Description

一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法
技术领域
本发明涉一种聚己内酯的制备方法,具体地说,是涉及一种无金属催化己内酯本体聚合制备聚己内酯的方法。
背景技术
聚己内酯作为生物可降解的绿色环保高分子材料,正日益受到人们的广泛关注和重视,被广泛应用于生物医用材料、药物以及环保等领域,例如手术缝合线、组织工程支架、骨修复材料、药物控释载体以及生物降解塑料等。
目前,聚(ε-己内酯)的合成主要是通过金属配合物催化剂,比如锡、铝、稀土金属以及一些过渡金属等,在本体或溶液条件下催化己内酯开环聚合反应来实现。然而,此类催化剂的制备过程较为复杂,成本高,所需反应条件苛刻,反应中不可避免地会有金属残留,无法完全去除,导致聚合物的使用及其性能受到限制。
中国专利201210246621.9采用金属锡有机配合物为催化剂,环氧化物作引发剂,反应温度高达190℃。Nicholas等(J.Poly.Sci.A:Poly.Chem.,2014,52,2139–2145)报道了采用无机酸催化制备聚己内酯的工艺,聚己内酯的分子量<6000,PDI>1.6。Jesus等(Adv.Synth.Catal.2004,346,1087-1089)采用直链烷基羧酸催化己内酯聚合,所得聚合物的分子量较小。Xu等人(J.Poly.Sci.A:Poly.Chem.,2014,52:1185-1192.)利用水杨酸催化制备聚己内酯,但该反应体系所需的时间长,且引发剂受限,仅限于苯甲醇等醇类化合物,所制得的聚合物分子量较小。
因此,目前催化己内酯开环聚合的工艺均存在的不足之处,开发一种条件温和、效率高、产品性能高、且无需金属催化的聚己内酯制备工艺具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法,包括如下步骤:以ε-己内酯为单体,有机羧酸为催化剂,加入引发剂,在反应温度为20~150℃的条件下采用本体聚合的方法制得聚己内酯,经溶解、洗涤、沉淀和真空干燥得到聚己内酯,其中:单体与引发剂的摩尔配比为200~2000:1,引发剂与催化剂的摩尔比为1~5:1,聚合时间为2~12小时。
在上述的聚己内酯制备方法中,所述的催化剂优选为对氯苯甲酸、对甲基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、异烟酸、柠嗪酸、脯氨酸中的一种。
在上述的聚己内酯制备方法中,所述的引发剂优选为苯甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、异丙醇、1-丁醇、苯乙醇、环氧丙烷、环氧氯丙烷、1,2-环氧环己烷中的一种。
在上述的聚己内酯制备方法中,优选的反应温度为60~120℃,单体与引发剂的摩尔比为500~1000:1,引发剂与催化剂的摩尔比为1~3:1。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明的催化剂中不含有金属,对后续聚合物性能影响小。
(2)本发明采用本体聚合,反应条件温和,无需溶剂,容易分离,工艺简单。
(3)本发明采用有机羧酸催化,单体转化率高,聚合物的性能优异,分子量高,分散度小。
具体实施方式
本发明用以下实施例进行说明,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于实施例表示的范围。
实施例1~8
以己内酯为单体,加入有机羧酸催化剂,醇类化合物为引发剂,单体、引发剂和催化剂按照一定的摩尔配比,在温和条件下采用本体聚合方法,合成聚己内酯粗产物。经经溶解、洗涤、沉淀,并40℃下真空干燥至衡重,即得聚己内酯产品。产物经凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定重均分子量(Mw)和分散度(PDI)。
在不同条件下制备的聚己内酯,其相关数据汇总如表1:
表1
实施例9~14
以己内酯为单体,加入有机羧酸催化剂,环氧化物为引发剂,单体、引发剂和催化剂按照一定的摩尔配比,在温和条件下采用本体聚合方法,合成聚己内酯粗产物。经经溶解、洗涤、沉淀,并40℃下真空干燥至衡重,即得聚己内酯产品。产物经凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)测定重均分子量(Mw)和分散度(PDI)。
在不同条件下制备的聚己内酯,其相关数据汇总如表2:
表2

Claims (1)

1.一种无金属催化制备聚己内酯的方法,其特征在于以ε-己内酯为单体,有机羧酸为催化剂,加入引发剂,在反应温度为20~150℃的条件下采用本体聚合的方法制得聚己内酯,经溶解、洗涤、沉淀和真空干燥得到聚己内酯;其中:单体与引发剂的摩尔比为200~2000:1,引发剂与催化剂的摩尔比为1~5:1,聚合时间为2~12小时;所述的有机羧酸为对氯苯甲酸、异烟酸、柠嗪酸中的一种;所述的引发剂为环氧丙烷、环氧氯丙烷、1,2-环氧环己烷中的一种。
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