CN106822730A - 一种治疗麻疹的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗麻疹的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106822730A
CN106822730A CN201710215558.5A CN201710215558A CN106822730A CN 106822730 A CN106822730 A CN 106822730A CN 201710215558 A CN201710215558 A CN 201710215558A CN 106822730 A CN106822730 A CN 106822730A
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蒋玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗麻疹的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由金银花、大青叶、蒲公英、葛根、款冬花、薄荷、黄芩、生地黄、升麻、荆芥、黄芪、钩藤、紫草、石斛、柴胡、白茅根、浮萍、百部、僵蚕、牛蒡子、忍冬藤、车前草按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有清热解毒,清热凉血,养阴生津,益卫固表,补中益,疏散风热的功能,用于治疗麻疹见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗麻疹的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗麻疹的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
麻疹是儿童最常见的急性呼吸道传染病之一,其传染性很强,在人口密集而未普种疫苗的地区易发生流行,2~3年一次大流行。麻疹病毒属副黏液病毒,通过呼吸道分泌物飞沫传播。中医则认为麻疹与气虚血热,湿热毒蕴,心脾两虚有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗麻疹的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗麻疹的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗麻疹的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择金银花、大青叶、蒲公英、葛根、款冬花、薄荷、黄芩、生地黄、升麻、荆芥、黄芪、钩藤、紫草、石斛、柴胡、白茅根、浮萍、百部、僵蚕、牛蒡子、忍冬藤、车前草、紫花地丁、白芍、橘红进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗麻疹。其中选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用大青叶是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、心、胃经,有清热,解毒,凉血,止血的功能,治温病热盛烦渴,流行性感冒,急性传染性肝炎,菌痢,急性胃肠炎,急性肺炎,丹毒,吐血,衄血,黄疸,痢疾,喉痹,口疮,痈疽肿毒。选用蒲公英是因为其性味苦甘,寒,入肝、胃经,有清热解毒,利尿散结的功能,治急性乳腺炎,淋巴腺炎,瘰疬,疔毒疮肿,急性结膜炎,感冒发热,急性扁桃体炎,急性支气管炎,胃炎,肝炎,胆囊炎,尿路感染。选用葛根是因为其性味甘辛,平,入脾、胃经,有升阳解肌,透疹止泻,除烦止喝的功能,治伤寒,治伤寒,温热头痛项强,烦热消渴,泄泻,痢疾,癍疹不透,高血压,心绞痛,耳聋。选用款冬花是因为其性味辛,温,入肺经,有润肺下气,化痰止嗽的功能,治咳逆喘息,喉痹。选用薄荷是因为其性味辛,凉,入肺、肝经,有疏风,散热,辟秽,解毒的功能,治外感风热,头痛,目赤,咽喉肿痛,食滞气胀,口疮,牙痛,疮疥,瘾疹。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒,入心肺、胆、大肠经,有泻实火,除湿热,止血安胎的功能,治壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽。选用生地黄是因为其性味甘,寒,归心、肝、肾经,有清热凉血,养阴,生津的功能,治热病烦渴,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,内热消渴,吐血,衄血,发斑发疹。选用升麻是因为其性味甘辛微苦,凉,入肺、脾、胃经,有升阳,发表,透疹,解毒的功能,治时气疫劳,头痛寒热,喉痛,口疮疤,斑疹不透,中气下陷,久泻久痢,脱肛,妇女崩带,子宫下坠,痈肿疮毒。选用荆芥是因为其性味辛,温,入肺、肝经,有发表,祛风,理血的功能,炒炭止血,治感冒发热,头痛,咽喉肿痛,中风口噤,吐血,衄血,便血,崩漏,产后血晕,痈肿,疮疥,瘰疬。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用钩藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、心经,有清热平肝,熄风定惊的功能,治小儿惊癎瘈瘲,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子癎。选用紫草是因为其性味苦苦,寒,入心包络、肝经,有凉血,活血,清热解毒的功能,治温热斑疹,湿热黄疸,紫癜,吐、衄、尿血,淋浊,血痢,热结便秘,烧伤,湿疹,丹毒,痈疡。选用石斛是因为其性味甘淡微咸,寒,入有、肺、肾经,有生津益胃,清热养阴的功能,治热病伤津,口干烦喝,病后虚热,阴伤目暗。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。选用白茅根是因为其性味甘、寒,入肺、胃、小肠经,有凉血,止血,清热,利尿的功能,治热病烦渴,吐血,衄血,肺热喘急,胃热哕逆,淋病,小便不利,水肿,黄疸。选用浮萍是因为其性味辛,寒,入肺经,有发汗,祛风,行水,清热,解毒的功能,治时行热病,斑疹不透,风热瘾疹,皮肤瘙痒,水肿,癃闭,疮癣,丹毒,烫伤。选用百部是因为其性味甘苦,微温,入肺经,有温润肺气,止咳,杀虫的功能,治风寒咳嗽,百日咳,肺结核,老年咳喘、蛔虫、蛲虫病,皮肤疥癣、湿疹。选用僵蚕是因为其性味辛、咸,平,归肝,肺经。祛风解痉,化痰散结。用于中风口眼歪斜,惊痫抽搐,头赐,喉痹,瘰疠结核,风疹丹毒。选用牛蒡子是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入肺、胃经,有疏散风热,宣肺透疹,消肿解毒的功能,治风热咳嗽,咽喉肿痛,斑疹不透,风疹作痒,痈肿疮毒。选用忍冬藤是因为其性味甘,寒,入心、肺经,有清热,解毒,通络的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,传染性肝炎,痈肿疮毒,筋骨疼痛。选用车前草是因为其性味甘,寒,入肝、脾二经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,黄疸,水肿,热痢,泄泻,鼻衄,目赤肿痛,喉痹乳蛾,咳嗽,皮肤溃疡。选用紫花地丁是因为其性味苦、辛、寒,归心、肝经,有清热解毒,凉血消肿的功能,治疔疮肿毒,痈疽发背,丹毒,毒蛇咬伤。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用橘红是因为其性味辛苦,温,入手足太阳、太阳、阳明经,有消痰,利气,宽中,散结的功能,治风寒痰嗽,恶心,吐水,胸痛胀闷。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
金银花10-15克,大青叶10-20克,蒲公英10-15克,葛根5-15克,款冬花5-15克,薄荷5-10克,黄芩10-15克,生地黄5-15克,升麻5-15克,荆芥5-15克,黄芪10-20克,钩藤10-20克,紫草10-15克,石斛10-20克,柴胡10-15克,白茅根5-15克,浮萍10-20克,百部10-15克,僵蚕5-10克,牛蒡子10-20克,忍冬藤10-20克,车前草5-15克,紫花地丁5-15克,白芍10-20克,橘红5-10克。
优选为:
金银花12克,大青叶15克,蒲公英12克,葛根10克,款冬花10克,薄荷8克,黄芩12克,生地黄10克,升麻10克,荆芥10克,黄芪15克,钩藤15克,紫草12克,石斛15克,柴胡12克,白茅根10克,浮萍15克,百部12克,僵蚕8克,牛蒡子15克,忍冬藤15克,车前草10克,紫花地丁10克,白芍15克,橘红8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
2、大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
3、蒲公英:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,切段,晒干;
4、葛根:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,及时切片,晒干;
5、款冬花:取拣净的款冬花同炼蜜加适量开水,拌匀,稍闷,放锅内用文火炒至深黄色,不粘手为止,取出放凉,每款冬花10斤用炼蜜25斤;
6、薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
7、黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
8、生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
9、升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
10、荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
11、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡;
12、钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
13、紫草:洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
14、石斛:取干燥的石斛,用水泡约至八成透,闷润,除去残根及黑枝,切段,撞去薄膜,晒干;
15、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
16、白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
17、浮萍:6-9月间捞取,晒干;
18、百部:拣净杂质,除去须根,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
19、僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
20、牛蒡子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
21、忍冬藤:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
22、车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
23、紫花地丁:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥;
24白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
25、橘红:拣去杂质,刷净,用时折碎。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的金银花、大青叶、蒲公英、葛根、款冬花、薄荷、黄芩、生地黄、升麻、荆芥、黄芪、钩藤、紫草、石斛、柴胡、白茅根、浮萍、百部、僵蚕、牛蒡子、忍冬藤、车前草、紫花地丁、白芍、橘红放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
组方中大青叶有清热,解毒,凉血,止血的功能为君药;石斛生津益胃,清热养阴;黄芪有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌,补中益的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥清热解毒,凉血止血,生津益胃,清热养阴,益卫固表,补中益,托毒生肌的作用,治疗麻疹效力全面,且以清热解毒,凉血止血,生津益胃,清热养阴,益卫固表,补中益为主可治本,生地黄有清热凉血,养阴,生津的功能为佐药,牛蒡子有疏散风热,宣肺透疹,消肿解毒的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有清热解毒,清热凉血,养阴生津,益卫固表,补中益,疏散风热的功能,用于治疗麻疹,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治麻疹门诊患者共17例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为持续性发热,咽痛,畏光,流泪,眼结膜红肿等。在口腔颊黏膜处见到麻疹黏膜斑。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:麻疹症状消失,痊愈;
好转:患者持续性发热,咽痛,畏光,流泪,眼结膜红肿的现象减轻,麻疹症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗麻疹患者17例,结果显效13例,显效率为76.47%,好转4例,好转率为23.53%,总有效率为100%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗麻疹的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
金银花10-15克,大青叶10-20克,蒲公英10-15克,葛根5-15克,款冬花5-15克,薄荷5-10克,黄芩10-15克,生地黄5-15克,升麻5-15克,荆芥5-15克,黄芪10-20克,钩藤10-20克,紫草10-15克,石斛10-20克,柴胡10-15克,白茅根5-15克,浮萍10-20克,百部10-15克,僵蚕5-10克,牛蒡子10-20克,忍冬藤10-20克,车前草5-15克,紫花地丁5-15克,白芍10-20克,橘红5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
金银花12克,大青叶15克,蒲公英12克,葛根10克,款冬花10克,薄荷8克,黄芩12克,生地黄10克,升麻10克,荆芥10克,黄芪15克,钩藤15克,紫草12克,石斛15克,柴胡12克,白茅根10克,浮萍15克,百部12克,僵蚕8克,牛蒡子15克,忍冬藤15克,车前草10克,紫花地丁10克,白芍15克,橘红8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(2)大青叶:拣去杂质及枯叶,洗净,稍润,切段,晒干;
(3)蒲公英:拣去杂质,洗净泥土,切段,晒干;
(4)葛根:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,及时切片,晒干;
(5)款冬花:取拣净的款冬花同炼蜜加适量开水,拌匀,稍闷,放锅内用文火炒至深黄色,不粘手为止,取出放凉,每款冬花10斤用炼蜜25斤;
(6)薄荷:拣净杂质,除去残根,先将叶抖下另放,然后将茎喷洒清水,润透后切段,晒干,再与叶和匀;
(7)黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
(8)生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(9)升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(10)荆芥:拣净杂质,用水略泡,捞出切段,晒干;
(11)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡;
(12)钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
(13)紫草:洗净,润透,切片,晒干;
(14)石斛:取干燥的石斛,用水泡约至八成透,闷润,除去残根及黑枝,切段,撞去薄膜,晒干;
(15)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
(16)白茅根:拣净杂质,洗净,微润,切段,晒干,簸净碎屑;
(17)浮萍:6-9月间捞取,晒干;
(18)百部:拣净杂质,除去须根,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
(19)僵蚕:取原药材,除去残丝,杂质;
(20)牛蒡子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
(21)忍冬藤:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,润透,切片,晒干;
(22)车前草:去尽泥土,晒干;
(23)紫花地丁:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍晾,切段,干燥;
(24)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(25)橘红:拣去杂质,刷净,用时折碎;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的金银花、大青叶、蒲公英、葛根、款冬花、薄荷、黄芩、生地黄、升麻、荆芥、黄芪、钩藤、紫草、石斛、柴胡、白茅根、浮萍、百部、僵蚕、牛蒡子、忍冬藤、车前草、紫花地丁、白芍、橘红放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
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