CN106818191A - A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga - Google Patents

A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106818191A
CN106818191A CN201710187649.2A CN201710187649A CN106818191A CN 106818191 A CN106818191 A CN 106818191A CN 201710187649 A CN201710187649 A CN 201710187649A CN 106818191 A CN106818191 A CN 106818191A
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content
reddish brown
kaempferia galamga
pale reddish
cuttage
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李冬梅
赵超艺
刘小飞
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Environmental Horticulture Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Environmental Horticulture Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00Fertilisers containing potassium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, including following aspect:(1) organic substrate is prepared:Selection import peat, leaf mould, red soil are according to volume ratio 1-2:1‐2:1-2 is mixed, and will mix organic fertilizer in the matrix of mixing;(2) the leaf cuttage with rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, the tender leaf of growth neat and consistent is taken, powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in rhizome end, then in cuttage basin;(3) slow-release fertilizer is applied:After cuttage terminates, a water was poured every 3 days, then pour water-soluble slow-release fertilizer;(4) environmental Kuznets Curves:Two-layer sunshade net is covered in plastic green house top layer, shading rate 70-75%, humidity 70-90% is controlled;The inventive method is simple to operate, and the growth and development to pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga promotes that substantially, the indexs such as breeding coefficient, fresh dry weight, SL A can be dramatically increased, and the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga for obtaining has ornamental value very high.

Description

A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of plant propagation, and in particular to a kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga.
Background technology
In general, Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) plant likes loose, fertile and well-drained soil, more several Class is impatient at soil ponding, and because ponding can cause rhizome to rot, only a small number of species are grown on wetland or marsh In, such as Blackfruit Galangal;The composite fertilizer of full effect is relatively adapted to, and for potted plant zingiberaceous plant, the composite fertilizer using slow release is preferable (《Zingiberaceae From China flowers》, river cloud high etc. writes, and 2006).Zingiberaceous plant field is typically born in that the soil is porous, fertile, draining is good Acid soil (Wu Delin etc., 2016).At present, in the market potted plant is import peat using more matrix, individually by it For potted plant zingiberaceous plant, one is cost too high, and hardly possible is promoted, and two is that zingiberaceous plant aerial part is heavier, can be caused top-heavy The phenomenon for easily lodging, therefore, be not suitable for individually being used as the matrix of potted plant zingiberaceous plant.And zingiberaceous plant is used as potted plant at present Ornamental plant is not yet subject to development and utilization, and what matrix is used for potted plant zingiberaceous plant, proper using what fertilizer, Not yet have been reported that at present.
Pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga (Kaempferia elegans), also known as U.S. kaempferia galamga, belong to Zingiber Kaempferia (Kaempferia) plant Thing, rhizome is crawled, and not in bulk, fibrous root is elongated, produce Sichuan, India to Malaysia, Philippine be also distributed (《Chinese Plants Will》, volume 16 the 2nd fascicle, 1981).Pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant is short, and intolerant to frost, winter aerial part is withered;Leaf is avette or ellipse Circle, blade face green, the dark pinniform lathe work of tool is very beautiful, with high ornamental value;Flower purple, the drastic crack of lip 2 to base Portion, in June at florescence-October, is adapted to the green plants and potted ornamental plant (Fang Jianping, 1998 of summer and autumn arrangement flower bed;Gao Jiang Cloud etc., 2006;Lu Guohui and Wang Yingqiang, 2011;Wu Delin etc., 2016).
The breeding of zingiberaceous plant, can using seed generative propagation, cutting Propagation of Rhizomes and cane cutting propagation (《Chinese ginger Section flowers》, river cloud high etc. writes, and 2006).During cutting rhizome plant division, should not get too small, typically should not be less than 3-4, very little Slow-growing or death can be caused, while needing with newborn stem tuber, freshly sepd stem tuber removes all stems, leaf, to reduce Moisture forfeiture (《Zingiberaceae From China flowers》, river cloud high etc. writes, and 2006).Cane cuttage is bred, such as Costus L, Raceme Globba Category, Hedychium Koenig, the Partial Species of ginger category, ripe cane is cut into the 3-4 stem section of section, uprightly inserts 2 sections in sandy soil, or Stem section keeps flat, and is somewhat covered with sandy soil, keep moistening and shade, a period of time after, its section on bud will sprout tillers form small plant Strain, it is slightly larger after separate cultivation (《Zingiberaceae From China flowers》, river cloud high etc. writes, and 2006).Because pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant is without the aerial stem of plant Bar, its rhizome is crawled, and not in bulk, fibrous root is elongated, also not result, so cane cutting propagation and generative propagation can not be carried out, Above-mentioned cutting Propagation of Rhizomes can only be used.Because female parent amount is not enough, cutting rhizome division propagation finite rate, and to maternal plant Damage also very big, a large amount of plant are cannot get in a short time.
In view of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga breeding and potted plant fertilizer practice on shortcoming, seriously hinder its it is potted plant view and admire aspect Using domestic not yet by its development and utilization at present, also have no carries out potted plant large-scale production and relevant report to it.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the shortcoming in pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga cutting Propagation of Rhizomes and potted plant fertilizer practice, originally The soil and modes of reproduction of suitable pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth are developed in invention, there is provided the purple that a kind of operation is easy, low cost, effect are good The potted plant cuttage breeding method of flower kaempferia galamga.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, including following aspect:
(1) organic substrate is prepared:Selection import peat, leaf mould, red soil are according to volume ratio 1-2:1‐2:1-2 is mixed, and Organic fertilizer will be mixed in the matrix of mixing, into organic substrate;The volume ratio of matrix and organic fertilizer is 5-9:1;
(2) the leaf cuttage with rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, life is taken Powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in the tender leaf of neat and consistent long, rhizome end, then in cuttage basin;During cuttage, per basin cuttage 1, first Add the matrix of 1/5-2/5 in basin, then the leaf with rhizome is put into, be subsequently adding matrix covering, the compacting of 1/5-2/5, show up Part accounts for 1/5-2/5, and cuttage pours permeable after terminating;
(3) slow-release fertilizer is applied:After cuttage terminates, a water was poured every 3 days, the leaf cutting survival with rhizome in 10 days;So 500-1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer is poured afterwards, and base portion is poured once within 7-10 days;
(4) environmental Kuznets Curves:Two-layer sunshade net is covered in plastic green house top layer, shading rate 70-75%, humidity 70- is controlled 90%, 20-30 DEG C of temperature;1-2 clear water is drenched weekly;To prevent basin mesostroma overdrying.
Further to realize the object of the invention, it is preferable that on the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga it is potted plant Cuttage breeding method also includes the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:The preventing and treating of disease be monthly spray respectively 50% carbendazol wettable powder 800-1000 times 1-2 times, 800-1000 times of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 1-2 times;The preventing and treating of insect pest is by 40% 800-1000 times of omethoate emulsifiable solution and 80% 800-1000 times of DDVP alternately spray, preventing and treating diamond-back moth, aphid, cabbage caterpillar And snail, monthly spray 1-2 times.
Preferably, on the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, step (3) water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer refers to N-P-K10-20-30, N-P- K20-20-20 or N-P-K12-11-18, single administration;Or N-P-K10-20-30 and N-P-K20-20-20 is administered in combination;Or N- P-K10-20-30 and N-P-K12-11-18 is administered in combination;Amount of application is each 100-200 milliliters per basin;
Wherein, water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 10%th, content of tatal phosphorus 20%, full potassium content 30%, content of magnesium 2%, sulfur content 2%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.050%th, iron content 0.050%, copper content 0.019%, Zn content 0.020%, Boron contents 0.011%, chlorinity 0.17%, Sodium content 0.21%, molybdenum content 0.001%;Nitrogen content 10% includes nitrate nitrogen content 7.4% and ammonium nitrogen content 2.6%;Entirely Phosphorus content is with P2O is counted;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted;
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K12-11-18 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:It is total nitrogen content 12%, complete Phosphorus content 11%, full potassium content 18%, calcium content 2.62%, content of magnesium 1.27%, manganese content 0.005%, iron content 0.097%th, copper content 0.002%, Zn content 0.011%, Boron contents 0.009%, chlorinity 0.42%, sodium content 0.31%, Molybdenum content 0.001%;The total nitrogen content 12% includes nitrate nitrogen content 4.70%, ammonium nitrogen content 7.24%, amidonitrogen Content 0.06%;The content of tatal phosphorus is with P2O5Meter;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted;
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K20-20-20 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:It is total nitrogen content 20%, complete Phosphorus content 20%, full potassium content 20%, sulfur content 0.8%, content of magnesium 0.5%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.010%, Iron content 0.050%, copper content 0.04%, Zn content 0.038%, Boron contents 0.013%, chlorinity 0.07%, sodium content 0.15%th, molybdenum content 0.003%;Total nitrogen content 20% includes nitrate nitrogen content 4.76%, ammonium nitrogen content 3.94%, acid amides state Nitrogen content 11.3%;Content of tatal phosphorus is with P2O5Meter;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted.
Preferably, on the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, described 500-1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer is gram to be weight Unit, with milliliter as volume unit, after 100 grams of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer are dissolved in water, constant volume is in 50-100 liters;On time of application is Noon.
Preferably, on the basis of above-mentioned technical proposal, the organic fertilizer contains the nutrient of following mass percent:Entirely Nitrogen content 1.60%, full phosphorus P2O5Content 2.04%, full potassium K2O content 2.69%, calcium content 4.46%, content of magnesium 1.19%, iron Content 3.30%, manganese content 0.076%, copper content 0.010%, Zn content 0.026%, Boron contents 0.002%, chlorinity 0.53%, sodium content 0.29%, molybdenum content 0.002%;Wherein total nitrogen content 1.60% includes nitrate nitrogen content 0.032%, ammonium State nitrogen content 0.0088% and with organic nitrogen content 1.5592%.
Preferably, import peat of the present invention is the production of Jie Fei global groups of Holland, place of production Estonia, model 705, particle diameter 0-10mm, pH are 5.8 ± 0.2, are the brown color peat of well-formed.
Preferably, leaf mould is also known as fertile soil, be plant leaf in soil by being formed after microorganism decomposing and fermenting Nutrition Soil.
Preferably, red soil is to develop in the soil under Perenniporia martius rain woods ﹑ monsoon rainforests or evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation, its Principal character is a lack of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions and is rich in iron ﹑ aluminum oxides, in acid red.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps 4, if temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, lowered the temperature with blower fan and cascade.
One skilled in the art that red soil is acid soil, with it is airtight, easily lump the features such as;People in the art Member will not be with red soil come potted plant zingiberaceous plant.The present invention is born in that the soil is porous, fertile, well-drained according to zingiberaceous plant field Acid soil feature, and import peat high cost, more fertile is combined, leaf mould is more loose, and red soil is airtight, easy caking acidity Native the characteristics of, initiative is by import peat, leaf mould, red soil according to volume ratio 1-2:1‐2:1-2 is mixed, and the matrix that will be mixed In 5-9 by volume:1 mixes organic fertilizer turns into organic substrate;Make the nutrient soil for being especially suitable for pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga breeding;Phase To entirely using import peat, low cost, and with preferable support strength, avoid plant to lodge well.
The cutting Propagation of Rhizomes and cane cuttage breeding method of zingiberaceous plant are different from, the present invention develops pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga band The potted plant breeding of leaf cuttage of rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, growth is taken neat Powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in consistent tender leaf, rhizome end, then cuttage basin.The present invention uses leaf skewer of the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga with rhizome Insert, with general plant cuttage, such as stem cutting method (cuttage, green wood cutting, epicormic branch cuttage), leaf inserts method (entire leaf cutting and piece leaf Insert), root insert (making the cottage method of cuttings with root), bud-leaf insert (deformation of stem cutting, in cuttings only have the bud of a leaf one, carried under bud The stem section of one shield stem piece or 1-2cm), the material components of cuttage are different.The present invention uses leaf of the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga with rhizome, And the leaf of general plant inserts method and uses full leaf and piece leaf, and it is only have the bud of a leaf one in cuttings that bud-leaf is inserted, and a shield is carried under bud The stem section of property stem piece or 1-2cm.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention carries out the research of Technique on Cuttage Propagation with leaf of the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga with rhizome, is that pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga is finally made For the application of potted ornamental plant provides scientific basis and technical support.
(2) present invention can accumulate female parent by the leaf cutting propagation with rhizome of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, so as to largely be expanded numerous, The technology is easily mastered, low cost, and effect is good.
(3) present invention is administered in combination using organic fertilizer and water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer, and this method can make the pale reddish brown of potted plant cuttage The full potassium content of kaempferia galamga plant leaf is extremely significantly raised, and promotes it to grow, and its breeding coefficient is extremely significantly increased, and leaf is dark green can Love, plant type is beautiful, and ornamental value is high, and low cost, can be applicable in the potted plant production of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the growth potential figure of the clear water to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of reference examples 1.
Fig. 2 is the growth potential figures of the N-P-K 12-11-18 to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of reference examples 2.
Fig. 3 is the growth potential figures of the N-P-K 10-20-30 to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of reference examples 3.
Fig. 4 is the growth potential figure of N-P-K 12-11-18 and organic fertilizer to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the growth potential figure of N-P-K10-20-30 and organic fertilizer to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is N-P-K10-20-30, N-P-K 12-11-18 and organic fertilizer of embodiment 3 to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage Growth potential figure.
Fig. 7 is the growth potential figure of the organic fertilizer to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage of reference examples 4.
Specific embodiment
For clear explanation the inventive method, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated, but Embodiments of the present invention are not limited so.
Fertilizer is as follows:
Organic fertilizer, the nutrient containing following mass percent:(the wherein nitrate nitrogen content of total nitrogen content 1.60% 0.032%, ammonium nitrogen content 0.0088% and organic nitrogen content 1.5592%), content of tatal phosphorus (P2O5) 2.04%, full potassium contains Amount (K2O) 2.69%, calcium content 4.46%, content of magnesium 1.19%, iron content 3.30%, manganese content 0.076%, copper content 0.010%th, Zn content 0.026%, Boron contents 0.002%, chlorinity 0.53%, sodium content 0.29%, molybdenum content 0.002%.
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30, the nutrient containing following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 10% (wherein nitrate nitrogen content 7.4%, ammonium nitrogen content 2.6%), content of tatal phosphorus (P2O5) 20%, full potassium content (K2O) 30%, magnesium Content 2%, sulfur content 2%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.050%, iron content 0.050%, copper content 0.019%, zinc Content 0.020%, Boron contents 0.011%, chlorinity 0.17%, sodium content 0.21%, molybdenum content 0.001%.
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K12-11-18, the nutrient containing following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 12% (wherein nitrate nitrogen content 4.70%, ammonium nitrogen content 7.24%, amidonitrogen content 0.06%), content of tatal phosphorus (P2O5) 11%, Full potassium content (K2O) 18%, calcium content 2.62%, content of magnesium 1.27%, manganese content 0.005%, iron content 0.097%, copper contain Amount 0.002%, Zn content 0.011%, Boron contents 0.009%, chlorinity 0.42%, sodium content 0.31%, molybdenum content 0.001%.
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K20-20-20, the nutrient containing following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 20% (wherein nitrate nitrogen content 4.76%, ammonium nitrogen content 3.94%, amidonitrogen content 11.3%), content of tatal phosphorus (P2O5) 20%, Full potassium content (K2O) 20%, sulfur content 0.8%, content of magnesium 0.5%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.010%, iron content 0.050%th, copper content 0.04%, Zn content 0.038%, Boron contents 0.013%, chlorinity 0.07%, sodium content 0.15%, molybdenum Content 0.003%.
Import peat is produced for Jie Fei global groups of Holland, place of production Estonia, model 705, and particle diameter 0-10mm, pH are 5.8 ± 0.2, it is the brown color peat of well-formed.
Leaf mould also known as fertile soil, be plant leaf in soil by the Nutrition Soil formed after microorganism decomposing and fermenting, Place of production Northeast Area of China.
Red soil is to develop in the soil under Perenniporia martius rain woods ﹑ monsoon rainforests or evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation, its main spy Levy and be a lack of alkali and alkaline earth metal ions and be rich in iron ﹑ aluminum oxides, in acid red, place of production Guangdong Province is from change.
Embodiment 1-3
A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, concrete operation step is as follows:
1. substrate preparation:By import peat, leaf mould, red soil, by volume 1:1:1 ratio is puddled uniform as base Matter, and the matrix of mixing is divided into two parts, it is a that the matrix for mixing and organic fertilizer are pressed 5 again:1 volume ratio mixes even, as having Machine matrix, another does not mix organic fertilizer.
2. the leaf cuttage with rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, growth is taken Powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in the tender leaf of neat and consistent, rhizome end, then in cuttage basin.During cuttage, per basin cuttage 1, in basin Then plus the covering of 2/5 matrix, compacting the matrix for first plus 2/5, then be put into the leaf with rhizome is endways, part of showing up accounts for 1/5, skewer Insert and pour permeable after terminating.
3. slow-release fertilizer is applied:After cuttage, a water was poured every 3 days, per 100 milliliters every time of basin, the leaf with rhizome in 10 days Cutting survival.Then using 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K12-11-18 and N-P-K10-20-30 of liquid, single administration, Or two kinds of combined administration (mass ratioes 1:1), 100 milliliters of every basins every time, are poured once for 10 days, 30 plants of composition full-page proofs of every kind for the treatment of This, 3 repetitions are often repeatedly 10 plants, specific as follows:
Reference examples 1:The matrix of organic fertilizer, clear water are not mixed.
Reference examples 2:The matrix of organic fertilizer, 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K 12-11-18 of liquid are not mixed.
Reference examples 3:The matrix of organic fertilizer, 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K 10-20-30 of liquid are not mixed.
Embodiment 1:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K12-11-18 of liquid.
Embodiment 2:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 of liquid.
Embodiment 3:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 500 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 and N-P- of liquid K12‐11‐18。
Reference examples 4:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, clear water.
4. environmental Kuznets Curves:With plastic green house as test facilities, greenhouse top layer covering two-layer sunshade net, shading rate 70-75%; Humidity 70-90%;20-30 DEG C of temperature.2 clear water are drenched weekly per basin, 100 milliliters every time, to prevent basin mesostroma overdrying.
5. the preventing and treating of disease, the monthly carbendazol wettable powder 800 times of sprinkling 50% 1 time, 70% methyl support respectively 800 times of cloth Tianjin wettable powder 1 time.The preventing and treating of insect pest, 1000 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution and 80% 800 times of DDVP Alternating sprays preventing and treating diamond-back moth, aphid, cabbage caterpillar and snail etc., monthly 1 time.
After through 90 days potted plant administration fertilizer, start to measure the various indexs of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, the results are shown in Table 1, table 2, table 3 and table 4。
(1) different fertilizer is administered in combination and sees Fig. 1-7 to the growthform influence of the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant of cuttage:Reference examples 1 and 4 Plant it is short, close to basin growth, and blade is partially yellow;The plant of reference examples 2 and 3 is high by one compared with the plant plant height of reference examples 1 and 4 A bit, tiller bud number is also more, but has macula lutea leaf;Plant plant height of the plant of embodiment 1,2 and 3 compared with reference examples 1,2,3 and 4 is bright Aobvious, tiller bud number is more, and whole basin plant strain growth is vigorous, and without macula lutea leaf, leaf color is beautiful.Summary, different fertilizer is administered in combination to skewer The growing way for inserting pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant is followed successively by the ﹥ embodiments 2 of embodiment 3>Embodiment 1>Reference examples 3>Reference examples 2>Reference examples 4>It is right As usual 1, the growing way of embodiment 1-3 is better than reference examples 1,2,3 and 4, and the plant leaf color of embodiment 1-3 is beautiful, and plant type is compact, nothing Yellow leaf, ornamental quality is good.
(2) pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth related data takes the average value of 6 plants of each treatment, is repeated 3 times.Result of study is shown in Table 1 He Table 2.The as shown by data of table 1, the fresh weight and dry weight of plant are followed successively by:The ﹥ embodiments 2 of embodiment 3>Embodiment 1>Reference examples 2>Reference examples 3>Reference examples 4>Reference examples 1;SL A is followed successively by:The ﹥ embodiments 1 of embodiment 3>Embodiment 2>Reference examples 3>Reference examples 2>Control Example 4>Reference examples 1;Root/shoot ratio is followed successively by:The ﹤ of 2 ﹤ reference examples of embodiment 2 ﹤ embodiments, 1 ﹤ embodiments, 3 ﹤ reference examples, 4 ﹤ reference examples 3 is compareed Example 1.After being processed using embodiment 1-3, the fresh weight of plant, dry weight and SL A extremely significantly rise compared with reference examples 1,2,3 and 4 Height, otherwise and root/shoot ratio.Compared with reference examples 1, the root/shoot ratio of embodiment 3 declines 54%, the fresh weight of plant, dry weight and single leaf Area raises 161%, 102% and 68% respectively.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 1 treatment to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth of cuttage
(3) data such as the related plant height of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth and development, secondary strain, main bud base stem and tiller bud number take everywhere respectively The average value of 10 plants of reason.The as shown by data of table 2, embodiment 1, the plant height of embodiment 2 and the plant of embodiment 3, strain pair, main bud base Stem, tiller bud number and number of blooming are all remarkably higher than plant height, strain pair, main bud base stem, tiller bud number and the number of blooming of reference examples 1,2,3 and 4; The average breeding coefficient per bud of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 treatment is between 12.33-16.10.With the phase of reference examples 1 Than, after being processed using embodiments of the invention 3, plant height increase about 71%, strain is secondary to increase about 32%, and main bud base stem increases slightly about 43%, tiller bud number increase about 143%, number of blooming increases about 126%.
The treatment of the different fertilizer of table 2 is to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant strain growth form of cuttage and the influence bloomed
(4) the related chloroplast pigment of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth takes the average value of 4 plants of each treatment, is repeated 3 times, result of study It is shown in Table 3.The as shown by data of table 3, embodiment 1, the chlorophyll a of embodiment 2 and the plant leaf of embodiment 3, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b And carotenoid content is all remarkably higher than chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b and the carotenoids of control 1,2,3 and 4 Cellulose content.Compared with reference examples 1, the Chlorophyll-a Content increase about 56% of the plant leaf of embodiment 3, content of chlorophyll b increase is about The content increase about 64% of 83%, chlorophyll a+b, the content increase about 51% of carotenoid.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 3 treatment to the cuttage green body colour cellulose content of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga Plant Leaf
(5) in pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga blade a great number of elements content, take each treatment 3 plants 70 DEG C drying cured leaf pieces it is average Value, is repeated 3 times, and result of study is shown in Table 4.The as shown by data of table 4, embodiment 1, the full nitrogen of embodiment 2 and the plant leaf of embodiment 3 and Content of tatal phosphorus is higher than reference examples 1,2,3 and the full nitrogen and content of tatal phosphorus of 4 plant leafs.The data of table 4 also indicate that, embodiment 1, implement The full potassium content pole of example 2 and the plant leaf of embodiment 3 is significantly higher than the complete of reference examples 1, reference examples 2 and the plant leaf of reference examples 3 Potassium content, and also above reference examples 4, show that slow-release fertilizer and organic fertilizer comprehensive function promote the absorption of blade potassium, so as to promote Plant strain growth.Compared with reference examples 1, the total nitrogen content increase about 51% of the plant leaf of embodiment 3, content of tatal phosphorus increase is about 109%, full potassium content increase about 127%.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 4 treatment to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant leaf a great number of elements content of cuttage
Embodiment 4-6
A kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, concrete operation step is as follows:
1. substrate preparation:By import peat, leaf mould, red soil, by volume 1:2:2 ratio is puddled uniform as base Matter, and the matrix of mixing is divided into two parts, it is a that the matrix for mixing and organic fertilizer are pressed 9 again:1 volume ratio mixes even rear turning into be had Machine matrix, another does not mix organic fertilizer.
2. the leaf cuttage with rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, growth is taken Powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in the tender leaf of neat and consistent, rhizome end, then in cuttage basin.During cuttage, per basin cuttage 1, in basin Then plus the covering of 2/5 matrix, compacting the matrix for first plus 1/5, then be put into the leaf with rhizome is endways, part of showing up accounts for 2/5, skewer Insert and pour permeable after terminating.
3. slow-release fertilizer is applied:After cuttage, a water was poured every 3 days, per 100 milliliters every time of basin, the leaf with rhizome in 10 days Cutting survival.Then with 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K 20-20-20 and N-P-K10-20-30 of liquid, single administration, Or two kinds of combined administration (mass ratioes 1:1), 200 milliliters of every basins every time, are poured once for 7 days, 30 plants of composition large samples of every kind for the treatment of, 3 repetitions, it is often repeatedly 10 plants, specific as follows:
Reference examples 5:The matrix of organic fertilizer, clear water are not mixed.
Reference examples 6:The matrix of organic fertilizer, 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K 20-20-20 of liquid are not mixed.
Reference examples 7:The matrix of organic fertilizer, 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K 10-20-30 of liquid are not mixed.
Embodiment 4:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K20-20-20 of liquid.
Embodiment 5:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 of liquid.
Embodiment 6:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, 1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 and N- of liquid P‐K20‐20‐20。
Reference examples 8:Mix the organic substrate of organic fertilizer, clear water.
4. environmental Kuznets Curves:With plastic green house as test facilities, greenhouse top layer covering two-layer sunshade net, shading rate 70-75%; Humidity 70-90%;20-30 DEG C of temperature.1 clear water is drenched weekly, per 200 milliliters every time of basin, to prevent basin mesostroma overdrying.
5. the preventing and treating of disease, the monthly carbendazol wettable powder 1000 times of sprinkling 50% 2 times, 70% methyl support respectively 1000 times of cloth Tianjin wettable powder 2 times.The preventing and treating of insect pest, 800 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution and 80% DDVP 1000 Preventing and treating diamond-back moth, aphid, cabbage caterpillar and snail etc., monthly 2 times are alternately sprayed again.
By after 90 days potted plant administration fertilizer, starting to measure the various indexs of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, 5, table 6, the and of table 7 are the results are shown in Table Table 8.
(1) pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth related data takes the average value of 6 plants of each treatment, is repeated 3 times.Result of study is shown in Table 5 Hes Table 6.The as shown by data of table 5, after being processed using embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6, the fresh weight of plant, dry weight and SL A Significantly raised with reference examples 8 compared with reference examples 5-7, on the contrary and root/shoot ratio.Compared with reference examples 5, under the root/shoot ratio of embodiment 6 Drop 46%, the fresh weight of plant, dry weight and SL A raise 100%, 72% and 49% respectively.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 5 treatment to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth of cuttage
(2) data such as the related plant height of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth and development, secondary strain, main bud base stem and tiller bud number take everywhere respectively The average value of 10 plants of reason.The as shown by data of table 6, embodiment 4, the plant height of embodiment 5 and the plant of embodiment 6, strain pair, main bud base Stem, tiller bud number and number of blooming are all remarkably higher than the plant height of reference examples 5-7 and reference examples 8, strain pair, main bud base stem, tiller bud number and open Spend number;The average breeding coefficient per bud of embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 treatment is between 11.77-14.00.With compare Example 5 is compared, after being processed using embodiments of the invention 6, plant height increase about 56%, and strain is secondary to increase about 20%, and main bud base stem increases thick About 30%, tiller bud number increase about 112%, number of blooming increases about 62%.
The treatment of the different fertilizer of table 6 is to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant strain growth form of cuttage and the influence bloomed
(3) the related chloroplast pigment of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga growth takes the average value of 4 plants of each treatment, is repeated 3 times, result of study It is shown in Table 7.The as shown by data of table 7, embodiment 4, the chlorophyll a of embodiment 5 and the plant leaf of embodiment 6, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b And carotenoid content be all remarkably higher than the chlorophyll a of reference examples 5-7 and reference examples 8, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a+b and Carotenoid content.Compared with reference examples 5, the Chlorophyll-a Content increase about 46% of the plant leaf of embodiment 6, chlorophyll b contains Amount increases by about 72%, the content increase about 54% of chlorophyll a+b, the content increase about 34% of carotenoid.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 7 treatment to the cuttage green body colour cellulose content of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga Plant Leaf
(4) in pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga blade a great number of elements content, take each treatment 3 plants 70 DEG C drying cured leaf pieces it is average Value, is repeated 3 times, and result of study is shown in Table 8.The as shown by data of table 8, embodiment 4, the full nitrogen of embodiment 5 and the plant leaf of embodiment 6 and Content of tatal phosphorus is higher than reference examples 5-7 and the full nitrogen and content of tatal phosphorus of the plant leaf of reference examples 8.The data of table 8 also indicate that, embodiment 4, The full potassium content pole of embodiment 5 and the plant leaf of embodiment 6 is significantly higher than the full potassium content of reference examples 5-7 plant leafs, and Also above reference examples 8, show that slow-release fertilizer and organic fertilizer comprehensive function promote the absorption of blade potassium, so as to promote plant strain growth.With Reference examples 5 are compared, the total nitrogen content increase about 47% of the plant leaf of embodiment 6, content of tatal phosphorus increase about 76%, and full potassium content increases Plus about 101%.
Influence of the different fertilizer of table 8 treatment to the pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga plant leaf a great number of elements content of cuttage
Comparative example 1
The modes of reproduction of this comparative example is:Cutting rhizome plant division, should not get too small, typically should not be individual less than 3-4, while Need with newborn stem tuber, freshly sepd stem tuber removes all leaves, to reduce the forfeiture of moisture.Other steps of this comparative example Operating procedure with reference examples 3 is all identical.It has been observed that 10 buds of band in the basin of maternal plant 1 before cutting rhizome, plant division into 3 basins, per basin After 3-4 rhizome, treatment 3 months, the total bud number per basin between 8-10, the tiller bud number per basin 3-4 rhizome between 5-7, The breeding coefficient of average each rhizome is between 1.2-2.3.
Comparative example 2
The modes of reproduction of this comparative example is:Cutting rhizome plant division, should not get too small, typically should not be individual less than 3-4, while Need with newborn stem tuber, freshly sepd stem tuber removes all leaves.Other steps of this comparative example are walked with the operation of embodiment 2 It is rapid all identical.It has been observed that with 10 buds in the basin of maternal plant 1 before cutting rhizome, plant division, per 3-4 rhizome of basin, processes 3 into 3 basins After month, between 12-16, per the tiller bud number of 3-4 rhizome of basin between 8-12, averagely each rhizome is numerous for the total bud number per basin Grow coefficient between 2.0-4.0.
The embodiment of the present invention is as follows with the advantage of comparative example:Due to modes of reproduction and the difference using fertilizer, the present invention is real Example is applied using the leaf cuttage with rhizome, then slow-release fertilizer and organic fertilizer are administered in combination, the tiller bud number of the leaf of single rhizome can be made to exist Between 11.7-16.1, the breeding coefficient of average each leaf with rhizome is between 11.7-16.1.Embodiments of the invention are very big The breeding coefficient of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga is improve in degree, female parent can be accumulated, the technology is easily mastered, low cost, effect is good.
Embodiment described above is not intended to limit the invention, it is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made Any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga, it is characterised in that including following aspect:
(1) organic substrate is prepared:Selection import peat, leaf mould, red soil are according to volume ratio 1-2:1‐2:1-2 is mixed, and will be mixed Organic fertilizer is mixed in even matrix, into organic substrate;The volume ratio of matrix and organic fertilizer is 5-9:1;
(2) the leaf cuttage with rhizome:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga maternal plant for putting forth new leaves is poured out into basin mesostroma, fibrous root is cut, growth is taken whole Powder of carbendazim sterilization is dipped in the tender leaf that homogeneous is caused, rhizome end, then in cuttage basin;During cuttage, per basin cuttage 1, first in basin In plus 1/5-2/5 matrix, then the leaf with rhizome is put into, be subsequently adding matrix covering, the compacting, part of showing up of 1/5-2/5 1/5-2/5 is accounted for, cuttage pours permeable after terminating;
(3) slow-release fertilizer is applied:After cuttage terminates, a water was poured every 3 days, the leaf cutting survival with rhizome in 10 days;Then pour 500-1000 times of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer is filled, base portion is poured once within 7-10 days;
(4) environmental Kuznets Curves:Two-layer sunshade net is covered in plastic green house top layer, shading rate 70-75%, humidity 70-90%, temperature is controlled 20-30 DEG C of degree;1-2 clear water is drenched weekly;To prevent basin mesostroma overdrying.
2. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga Potted plant cuttage breeding method also includes the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:The preventing and treating of disease be monthly spray respectively 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800-1000 times of agent 1-2 times, 70% 800-1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder 1-2 times;The preventing and treating of insect pest be by 800-1000 times of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution and 80% 800-1000 times of DDVP are alternately sprayed, preventing and treating diamond-back moth, aphid, dish Blue or green worm and snail, monthly spray 1-2 times.
3. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step (3) is water-soluble Slow-release fertilizer refers to N-P-K10-20-30, N-P-K20-20-20 or N-P-K12-11-18, single administration;Or N-P-K10-20-30 It is administered in combination with N-P-K20-20-20;Or N-P-K10-20-30 and N-P-K12-11-18 is administered in combination;Amount of application is each per basin 100-200 milliliters;
Wherein, water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K10-20-30 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 10%, Content of tatal phosphorus 20%, full potassium content 30%, content of magnesium 2%, sulfur content 2%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.050%, iron Content 0.050%, copper content 0.019%, Zn content 0.020%, Boron contents 0.011%, chlorinity 0.17%, sodium content 0.21%th, molybdenum content 0.001%;Nitrogen content 10% includes nitrate nitrogen content 7.4% and ammonium nitrogen content 2.6%;Content of tatal phosphorus It is with P2O5Meter;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted;
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K12-11-18 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 12%, full phosphorus contain Amount 11%, full potassium content 18%, calcium content 2.62%, content of magnesium 1.27%, manganese content 0.005%, iron content 0.097%, copper Content 0.002%, Zn content 0.011%, Boron contents 0.009%, chlorinity 0.42%, sodium content 0.31%, molybdenum content 0.001%;The total nitrogen content 12% includes nitrate nitrogen content 4.70%, ammonium nitrogen content 7.24%, amidonitrogen content 0.06%;The content of tatal phosphorus is with P2O5Meter;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted;
Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer N-P-K20-20-20 contains the nutrient of following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 20%, full phosphorus contain Amount 20%, full potassium content 20%, sulfur content 0.8%, content of magnesium 0.5%, calcium content 0.0005%, manganese content 0.010%, iron contain Amount 0.050%, copper content 0.04%, Zn content 0.038%, Boron contents 0.013%, chlorinity 0.07%, sodium content 0.15%, Molybdenum content 0.003%;Total nitrogen content 20% includes nitrate nitrogen content 4.76%, ammonium nitrogen content 3.94%, amidonitrogen content 11.3%;Content of tatal phosphorus is with P2O5Meter;Full potassium content is with K2O is counted.
4. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Described 500-1000 times Water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer be gram to be unit of weight, with milliliter as volume unit, after 100 grams of water-soluble slow-releasing fertilizer are dissolved in water, Constant volume is in 50-100 liters;Time of application is the morning.
5. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The organic fertilizer contains The nutrient of following mass percent:Total nitrogen content 1.60%, full phosphorus P2O5Content 2.04%, full potassium K2O content 2.69%, Calcium content 4.46%, content of magnesium 1.19%, iron content 3.30%, manganese content 0.076%, copper content 0.010%, Zn content 0.026%, Boron contents 0.002%, chlorinity 0.53%, sodium content 0.29%, molybdenum content 0.002%;Wherein total nitrogen content 1.60% includes nitrate nitrogen content 0.032%, ammonium nitrogen content 0.0088% and organic nitrogen content 1.5592%.
6. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The leaf mould plant Nutrition Soil of the branches and leaves in soil by being formed after microorganism decomposing and fermenting.
7. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The red soil is development Soil under Perenniporia martius rain woods ﹑ monsoon rainforests or evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation, lacks alkali and alkaline earth metal ions and is rich in Iron ﹑ aluminum oxides, in acid red.
8. the potted plant cuttage breeding method of pale reddish brown kaempferia galamga according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In the step 4, such as Fruit temperature is higher than 30 DEG C, is lowered the temperature with blower fan and cascade.
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Application publication date: 20170613