CN106798891A - 一种治疗输尿管结石的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗输尿管结石的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106798891A
CN106798891A CN201710126806.9A CN201710126806A CN106798891A CN 106798891 A CN106798891 A CN 106798891A CN 201710126806 A CN201710126806 A CN 201710126806A CN 106798891 A CN106798891 A CN 106798891A
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董新芳
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗输尿管结石的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由石韦、木通、冬葵子、海金沙、车前子、金钱草、墨旱莲、何首乌、枸杞子、知母、黄芪、威灵仙、乳香、连翘、五灵脂、甘草、川牛膝、郁金按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有利水通淋,清肺泄热,消肿解毒,渗湿利水,散结的功能,用于治疗输尿管结石见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗输尿管结石的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗输尿管结石的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
输尿管结石又称为上尿路结石,多发生于中壮年,男、女比例为3~9∶1,左右侧发病相似,双侧结石占10%。输尿管结石的主要症状是绞痛和血尿,常见并发症是梗阻和感染。通过病史、体检、必要的X线和化验检查,多数病例可确诊。输尿管结石治疗目的不仅是解除病痛,保护肾脏功能,而且应尽可能找到并解除病因,防止结石复发。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗输尿管结石的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗输尿管结石的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗输尿管结石的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择石韦、木通、冬葵子、海金沙、车前子、金钱草、墨旱莲、何首乌、枸杞子、知母、黄芪、威灵仙、乳香、连翘、五灵脂、甘草、川牛膝、郁金、泽泻、鸡内金、茯苓、大黄、栀子、枳实进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗输尿管结石。其中选用石韦是因为其性味苦甘,凉,入肺、膀胱经,有利水通淋,清肺泄热的功能,治淋痛,尿血,尿路结石,崩漏,痢疾,肺热咳嗽,慢性气管炎,金疮,痈疽。选用木通是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、小肠、膀胱经,有泻火行水,通利血脉的功能,治小便赤涩,淋浊,水肿,胸中烦热,喉痹咽痛,遍身拘痛,妇女经闭,乳汁不通。选用冬葵子是因为其性味甘,寒。入大小肠、膀胱经。利水,滑肠,下乳。治二便不通,淋病,水肿,妇女乳汁不行,乳房肿痛。选用海金沙是因为其性味甘淡,寒,入小肠、膀胱经,有清热解毒,利水通淋的功能,治尿路感染,尿路结石,白浊,白带,肝炎,肾炎水肿,咽喉肿痛,痄腮,肠炎,痢疾,皮肤湿疹,带状疱疹。选用车前子是因为其性味甘,寒,入肾、膀胱经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,暑湿泻痢,咳嗽多痰,湿痹,目赤障翳。选用金钱草是因为其性味苦辛,凉,有清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒的功能,治黄疸,水肿,膀胱结石,疟疾,肺痈,咳嗽,吐血,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,小儿疳积,惊癎,痈肿,疮癣,湿疹。选用墨旱莲是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、肾经,有凉血,止血,补肾,益阴的功能,治吐血,咳血,衄血,尿血,便血,血痢,刀伤出血,须发早白,白喉,淋浊,滞下,阴部湿痒。选用何首乌是因为其性味苦甘涩,微温,入肝、肾经,有补肝,益肾,养血,祛风的功能,治肝肾阴亏,发须早白,血虚头晕,腰膝软弱,筋骨酸痛,遗精,崩带,久疟,久痢,慢性肝炎,痈肿,瘰疬,肠风,痔疾。选用枸杞子是因为其性味甘,平,有滋肾,润肺,补肝,明目的功能,治肝肾阴亏,腰膝酸软,头晕目眩,目昏多泪,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精。选用知母是因为其性味苦,寒,入肺、胃、肾经,有滋阴降火,润燥滑肠的功能,治烦热消渴,骨蒸劳热,肺热咳嗽,大便燥结,小便不利。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用威灵仙是因为其性味辛咸,温,有毒,入膀胱经,有祛风湿,通经络,消痰涎,散癖积的功能,治痛风、顽痹、腰膝冷痛,脚气,疟疾,癥瘕积聚,破伤风,扁桃体炎,诸骨鲠咽。选用乳香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入心、肝、脾经,有调气活血,定痛,追毒的功能,治气血凝滞,心腹疼痛,痈疮肿毒,跌打损伤,痛经,产后瘀血刺痛。选用连翘是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、肝、胆经,有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能,治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。选用五灵脂是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、脾经,生用有行血止痛的功能,治心腹血气诸痛,妇女经闭,产后瘀血作痛;外治蛇、蝎、蜈蚣咬伤,炒用止血,治妇女血崩,经水过多,赤带不绝。选用甘草是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用,治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊癎;生用,治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用川牛膝是因为其性味平,味苦微苦,无毒,入肝、肾二经,有祛风,利湿,通经,活血的功能,治风湿腰膝疼痛,脚痿筋挛,血淋,尿血,妇女经闭,癥瘕。选用郁金是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肺、肝经,有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能,治胸腹胁肋诸痛,失心癫狂,热病神昏,吐血,衄血,尿血,血淋,妇女倒经,黄疸。选用泽泻是因为其性味甘,寒,入膀胱经,有利水,渗湿,泄热的功能,治小便不利,水肿肛满,呕吐,泻痢,痰饮,脚气,淋病,尿血。选用鸡内金是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃经,有治积滞,健脾胃的功能,治食积胀满,呕吐反胃,泻痢,疳积,消渴,遗溺,喉痹乳蛾,牙疳口疮。选用茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入心、脾、肺经,有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能,治小便不利水肿胀痛,痰饮咳逆,呕哕,泄泻,遗精,淋浊,惊悸,健忘。选用大黄是因为其性味苦、寒,入胃、大肠、肝径,有泻热毒,破积滞,行瘀血的功能,治实热便秘,谵语发狂,食积痞满,痢疾初起,里急后重,瘀停经闭,癥瘕积聚,时行热疫,暴眼赤痛,吐血,衄血,阳黄,水肿,淋浊,溲赤,痈疡肿毒,疔疮,汤火伤。选用栀子是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、肺、胃经,有清热,泻火,凉血的功能,治热病虚烦不眠,黄疸,淋病,消渴,目赤,咽痛,吐血,衄血,血痢,尿血,热毒疮疡,扭伤肿痛。选用枳实是因为其性味苦,寒,入脾、胃经,有破气,散痞,泻痰,消积的功能,治胸腹胀痛,胸痹,痞痛,痰癖,水肿,食积,便秘,胃下垂,子宫下垂,脱肛。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
石韦10-20克,木通10-20克,冬葵子10-20克,海金沙10-20克,车前子10-20克,金钱草40-50克,墨旱莲40-50克,何首乌15-25克,枸杞子15-25克,知母15-25克,黄芪15-25克,威灵仙25-35克,乳香10-14克,连翘10-20克,五灵脂10-20克,甘草5-15克,川牛膝5-15克,郁金5-15克,泽泻5-15克,鸡内金5-15克,茯苓5-15克,大黄1-3克, 栀子10-20克,枳实5-15克。
优选为:
石韦15克,木通15克,冬葵子15克,海金沙15克,车前子15克,金钱草45克,墨旱莲45克,何首乌20克,枸杞子20克,知母20克,黄芪20克,威灵仙30克,乳香12克,连翘15克,五灵脂15克,甘草10克,川牛膝10克,郁金10克,泽泻10克,鸡内金10克,茯苓10克,大黄2克, 栀子15克,枳实10克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、石韦:拣净杂质,洗净泥沙,刷净茸毛,切段晒干;
2、木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晒干;
3、冬葵子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
4、海金沙:取原药材,过细筛,筛取孢子,除去杂质;
5、车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
6、金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
7、墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
8、何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
9、枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
10、知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
11、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡;
12、威灵仙:拣净杂质,除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切段,晒干;
13、乳香:拣去砂子杂质;
14、连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
15、五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
16、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
17、川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
18、郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
19、泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
20、鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
21、茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
22、大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
23、栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
24、枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的石韦、木通、冬葵子、海金沙、车前子、金钱草、墨旱莲、何首乌、枸杞子、知母、黄芪、威灵仙、乳香、连翘、五灵脂、甘草、川牛膝、郁金、泽泻、鸡内金、茯苓、大黄、栀子、枳实放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮25分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮25分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
组方中石韦有利水通淋,清肺泄热的功能为君药;车前子有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能;金钱草有清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥利水通淋,清肺泄热,消肿解毒的作用,治疗输尿管结石效力全面,且以利水通淋,消肿解毒为主可治本,连翘有清热,解毒,散结,消肿的功能为佐药,茯苓有渗湿利水,益脾和胃,宁心安神的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有利水通淋,清肺泄热,消肿解毒,渗湿利水,散结的功能,用于治疗输尿管结石,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治输尿管结石门诊患者共52例。
2、诊断标准
血尿是输尿管结石另一主要症状,疼痛时,往往伴发肉眼血尿或镜下血尿,以后者居多。大量肉眼血尿并不多见。体力劳动后血尿可加重。患者偶可因无痛血尿而就医。近年常规体检,经尿常规及B超发现无症状肾结石者明显增多。
输尿管结石的常见并发症是梗阻和感染,不少病例因尿路感染症状就医。梗阻则可引起肾积水,出现上腹部或腰部肿块。有时沿输尿管行程有压痛。双侧尿路结石因梗阻而引起无尿,即所谓结石梗阻性无尿。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、中、晚各服1次,10天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:输尿管结石症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:输尿管结石症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗输尿管结石患者52例,结果显效42例,显效率为80.8%,好转7例,好转率为13.4%,无效3例,总有效率为94.2%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗输尿管结石的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
石韦10-20克,木通10-20克,冬葵子10-20克,海金沙10-20克,车前子10-20克,金钱草40-50克,墨旱莲40-50克,何首乌15-25克,枸杞子15-25克,知母15-25克,黄芪15-25克,威灵仙25-35克,乳香10-14克,连翘10-20克,五灵脂10-20克,甘草5-15克,川牛膝5-15克,郁金5-15克,泽泻5-15克,鸡内金5-15克,茯苓5-15克,大黄1-3克, 栀子10-20克,枳实5-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
石韦15克,木通15克,冬葵子15克,海金沙15克,车前子15克,金钱草45克,墨旱莲45克,何首乌20克,枸杞子20克,知母20克,黄芪20克,威灵仙30克,乳香12克,连翘15克,五灵脂15克,甘草10克,川牛膝10克,郁金10克,泽泻10克,鸡内金10克,茯苓10克,大黄2克, 栀子15克,枳实10克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)石韦:拣净杂质,洗净泥沙,刷净茸毛,切段晒干;
(2)木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晒干;
(3)冬葵子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑;
(4)海金沙:取原药材,过细筛,筛取孢子,除去杂质;
(5)车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
(6)金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
(7)墨旱莲:拣净杂质,除去残根,洗净闷透,切段晒干;
(8)何首乌:拣去杂质,洗净,用水泡至八成透,捞出,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成方块,晒干;
(9)枸杞子:簸净杂质,摘去残留的梗和蒂;
(10)知母:拣净杂质,用水撞洗,捞出,润软,切片晒干;
(11)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡;
(12)威灵仙:拣净杂质,除去残茎,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切段,晒干;
(13)乳香:拣去砂子杂质;
(14)连翘:拣净杂质,搓开,除去枝梗;
(15)五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
(16)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(17)川牛膝:拣去杂质,晾干;
(18)郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
(19)泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(20)鸡内金:拣去杂质,漂净晒干;
(21)茯苓:用水浸泡,洗净捞出,闷透后,切片,晒干;
(22)大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
(23)栀子:筛去灰屑,拣去杂质,碾碎过筛或剪去两端;
(24)枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的石韦、木通、冬葵子、海金沙、车前子、金钱草、墨旱莲、何首乌、枸杞子、知母、黄芪、威灵仙、乳香、连翘、五灵脂、甘草、川牛膝、郁金、泽泻、鸡内金、茯苓、大黄、栀子、枳实放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮25分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮25分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为3剂服用。
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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1554413A (zh) * 2003-12-26 2004-12-15 喻建平 治疗尿石症中药及其制备方法
CN102988634A (zh) * 2012-12-03 2013-03-27 韩乃巍 治疗湿热蕴积所致尿路结石的中药
CN103417804A (zh) * 2012-05-22 2013-12-04 周明 自拟滋阴补肾根石汤治疗尿路结石

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1554413A (zh) * 2003-12-26 2004-12-15 喻建平 治疗尿石症中药及其制备方法
CN103417804A (zh) * 2012-05-22 2013-12-04 周明 自拟滋阴补肾根石汤治疗尿路结石
CN102988634A (zh) * 2012-12-03 2013-03-27 韩乃巍 治疗湿热蕴积所致尿路结石的中药

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