CN106822854A - 一种治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由茵陈蒿、乌梅、槟榔、金钱草、苦楝皮、木香、黄连、花椒、黄芩、郁金、延胡索、白芍、山楂、枳实、厚朴、使君子、干姜、龙胆、大腹皮、山药、车前子、柴胡按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有安蛔驱虫,泻肝实火,健脾消食,除下焦湿热,温中逐寒,回阳通脉的功能,用于治疗胆道蛔虫病见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
胆道蛔虫病肠道蛔虫病中最严重的一种并发症。多见于6~8岁学龄儿童、农民和晚期孕妇。是由各种原因引起的肠道蛔虫运动活跃,并钻入胆道而出现的急性上腹痛或胆道感染。中医则认为胆道蛔虫病与外邪侵袭,肝胆气滞,寒热错杂,肠结不通有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗胆道蛔虫病的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗胆道蛔虫病的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择茵陈蒿、乌梅、槟榔、金钱草、苦楝皮、木香、黄连、花椒、黄芩、郁金、延胡索、白芍、山楂、枳实、厚朴、使君子、干姜、龙胆、大腹皮、山药、车前子、柴胡、金银花、吴茱萸、甘草进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗胆道蛔虫病。其中选用茵陈蒿是因为其性味苦辛,凉,入肝、脾、膀胱经,有清热利湿的功能,治湿热黄疸,小便不利,风痒疮疥。选用乌梅是因为其性味酸,温,入肝,脾,肺,大肠经,有收敛生津,安蛔驱虫的功能,治久咳,虚热烦渴,久疟,痢疾,便血,尿血,血崩,蛔厥腹痛,呕吐,钩虫病,牛皮癣,胬肉。选用槟榔是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有杀虫,破积,下气,行水的功能,治虫积、食滞,脘腹胀痛,泻痢后重,疟疾,水肿,脚气,痰癖,癥结。选用金钱草是因为其性味苦辛,凉,有清热,利尿,镇咳,消肿,解毒的功能,治黄疸,水肿,膀胱结石,疟疾,肺痈,咳嗽,吐血,淋浊,带下,风湿痹痛,小儿疳积,惊癎,痈肿,疮癣,湿疹。选用苦楝皮是因为其性味苦,寒,有毒,有清热,燥湿,杀虫的功能,治蛔虫,蛲虫,风疹,疥癣。选用木香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肺、肝、脾经,有行气止痛,温中和胃的功能,治中寒气滞,胸腹胀痛,呕吐,泄泻,下痢里急后重,寒疝。选用黄连是因为其性味苦,寒,入心、肝、胃、大肠经,有泻火,燥湿,解毒,杀虫的功能,治时行热毒、伤寒,热盛心烦,痞满呕逆,菌痢,热泻腹痛,肺结核,吐、衄、下血,消渴,疳积,蛔虫病,百日咳,咽喉肿痛,火眼,口疮,痈疽疮毒,湿疹,汤火烫伤。选用花椒是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、肺、肾经,有温中散寒,除湿,止痛,杀虫,解鱼腥毒,治积食停饮,心腹冷痛,呕吐,噫呃,咳嗽气逆,风寒湿痹,泄泻,痢疾,疝痛,齿痛,蛔虫病,蛲虫病,阴痒,疮疥。选用黄芩是因为其性味苦寒,入心肺、胆、大肠经,有泻实火,除湿热,止血安胎的功能,治壮热烦渴,肺热咳嗽。选用郁金是因为其性味辛苦,凉,入心、肺、肝经,有行气解随,凉血破瘀的功能,治胸腹胁肋诸痛,失心癫狂,热病神昏,吐血,衄血,尿血,血淋,妇女倒经,黄疸。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肝、胃经,有活血,散瘀,理气,止痛的功能,治心腹腰膝诸痛,月经不调,癥瘕,崩中,产后血晕,恶露不尽,跌打损伤。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用枳实是因为其性味苦,寒,入脾、胃经,有破气,散痞,泻痰,消积的功能,治胸腹胀痛,胸痹,痞痛,痰癖,水肿,食积,便秘,胃下垂,子宫下垂,脱肛。选用厚朴是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有温中,下气,燥湿,消痰的功能,治胸腹痞满胀痛,反胃、呕吐,宿食不消,痰饮喘咳,寒湿泻痢。选用使君子是因为其性味甘,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有杀虫,消积,健脾的功能,治蛔虫腹痛,小儿疳积,乳食停滞,腹胀,泻痢。选用干姜是因为其性味辛,热,入脾、胃、肺经,有温中逐寒,回阳通脉的功能,治心腹冷痛,吐泻,肢冷脉微,寒饮喘咳,风寒湿痹,阳虚吐、衄、下血。选用龙胆是因为其性味苦,寒,入肝、胆经,有泻肝实火,除下焦湿热的功能,治肝经热盛,惊癎狂躁,乙型脑炎,头痛,目赤,咽痛,黄疸,热痢,痈肿疮疡,阴囊肿痛,阴部湿痒。选用大腹皮是因为其性味辛,微温,入脾、胃、大小肠经,有下气宽中,行水的功能,治脘腹痞胀,脚气,水肿。选用山药是因为其性味甘,平,入肺、脾、肾经,有健脾,补肺,固肾,益精的功能,治脾虚泄泻,久痢,虚劳咳嗽,消渴,遗精、带下,小便频数。选用车前子是因为其性味甘,寒,入肾、膀胱经,有利水,清热,明目,祛痰的功能,治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,暑湿泻痢,咳嗽多痰,湿痹,目赤障翳。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用吴茱萸是因为其性味辛苦,温,有毒,入肝、胃经,有温中,止痛,理气,燥湿的功能,治呕逆吞酸,厥阴头痛,脏寒吐泻,脘腹胀痛,脚气,疝气,口疮溃疡,齿痛,湿疹,黄水疮。选用甘草是因为其性味甘,平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用,治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊癎;生用,治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
茵陈蒿15-25克,乌梅10-15克,槟榔10-20克,金钱草10-20克,苦楝皮15-20克,木香5-15克,黄连10-20克,花椒10-20克,黄芩10-15克,郁金10-20克,延胡索5-10克,白芍5-15克,山楂10-15克,枳实10-20克,厚朴10-15克,使君子10-20克,干姜5-15克,龙胆5-10克,大腹皮5-15克,山药10-20克,车前子5-15克,柴胡5-15克,金银花10-20克,吴茱萸5-10克,甘草10-15克。
优选为:
茵陈蒿20克,乌梅12克,槟榔15克,金钱草15克,苦楝皮18克,木香10克,黄连15克,花椒15克,黄芩12克,郁金15克,延胡索8克,白芍10克,山楂12克,枳实15克,厚朴12克,使君子15克,干姜10克,龙胆8克,大腹皮10克,山药15克,车前子10克,柴胡10克,金银花15克,吴茱萸8克,甘草12克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、茵陈蒿:过筛,拣去杂质,除去残根,碾碎,再过箩去净泥屑;
2、乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
3、槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
4、金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
5、苦楝皮:洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切丝,晒干;
6、木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
7、黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
8、花椒:除去果柄及种子(椒目),置锅内炒至发响、油出,取出,放凉;
9、黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
10、郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
11、延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
12、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
13、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
14、枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
15、厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
16、使君子:除去外壳,取净仁;
17、干姜:拣净杂质,用水浸泡3—6小时,捞出,闷润后切片或切成小方块,晒干;
18、龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
19、大腹皮:拣净杂质,碾轧使软,敲打,筛去泥屑;
20、山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为度,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
21、车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
22、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
23、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
24、吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
25、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的茵陈蒿、乌梅、槟榔、金钱草、苦楝皮、木香、黄连、花椒、黄芩、郁金、延胡索、白芍、山楂、枳实、厚朴、使君子、干姜、龙胆、大腹皮、山药、车前子、柴胡、金银花、吴茱萸、甘草放入煎药容器内,第一次加水6倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
组方中乌梅有收敛生津,安蛔驱虫的功能为君药;龙胆泻肝实火,除下焦湿热;山楂有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥安蛔驱虫,泻肝实火,消食积,除下焦湿热,散瘀血,收敛生津的作用,治疗胆道蛔虫病效力全面,且以安蛔驱虫,泻肝实火,消食积,除下焦湿热为主可治本,使君子有杀虫,消积,健脾的功能为佐药,干姜有温中逐寒,回阳通脉的功能为使药,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有安蛔驱虫,泻肝实火,健脾消食,除下焦湿热,温中逐寒,回阳通脉的功能,用于治疗胆道蛔虫病,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治胆道蛔虫病儿童门诊患者共39例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为腹痛,恶心,呕吐,寒战发热,黄疸等。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用2个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:胆道蛔虫病症状消失,痊愈;
好转:患者腹痛,恶心,呕吐,寒战发热,黄疸的现象减轻,胆道蛔虫病症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗胆道蛔虫病患者39例,结果显效35例,显效率为98.74%,好转4例,好转率为10.26%,无效0例,总有效率为100%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗胆道蛔虫病的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
茵陈蒿15-25克,乌梅10-15克,槟榔10-20克,金钱草10-20克,苦楝皮15-20克,木香5-15克,黄连10-20克,花椒10-20克,黄芩10-15克,郁金10-20克,延胡索5-10克,白芍5-15克,山楂10-15克,枳实10-20克,厚朴10-15克,使君子10-20克,干姜5-15克,龙胆5-10克,大腹皮5-15克,山药10-20克,车前子5-15克,柴胡5-15克,金银花10-20克,吴茱萸5-10克,甘草10-15克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
茵陈蒿20克,乌梅12克,槟榔15克,金钱草15克,苦楝皮18克,木香10克,黄连15克,花椒15克,黄芩12克,郁金15克,延胡索8克,白芍10克,山楂12克,枳实15克,厚朴12克,使君子15克,干姜10克,龙胆8克,大腹皮10克,山药15克,车前子10克,柴胡10克,金银花15克,吴茱萸8克,甘草12克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)茵陈蒿:过筛,拣去杂质,除去残根,碾碎,再过箩去净泥屑;
(2)乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
(3)槟榔:拣去杂质,以清水浸泡,按气温情况换水,至泡透为止,捞起,切片,晾干;
(4)金钱草:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,晒干;
(5)苦楝皮:洗净,稍浸泡,润透,切丝,晒干;
(6)木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
(7)黄连:拣去杂质,洗净泥砂,润透,切片,阴干;
(8)花椒:除去果柄及种子(椒目),置锅内炒至发响、油出,取出,放凉;
(9)黄芩:拣去杂质,除去残茎,用凉水浸润或置开水中稍浸捞出,切片,晒干;
(10)郁金:用水浸泡,洗净,捞出晒晾,润透,切片,晒干;
(11)延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
(12)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(13)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(14)枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
(15)厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
(16)使君子:除去外壳,取净仁;
(17)干姜:拣净杂质,用水浸泡3—6小时,捞出,闷润后切片或切成小方块,晒干;
(18)龙胆:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净,润透后切段,晒干;
(19)大腹皮:拣净杂质,碾轧使软,敲打,筛去泥屑;
(20)山药:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至山药中心部软化为度,捞出稍晾,切片晒干或烘干;
(21)车前子:拣去杂质,筛去泥屑,空粒;
(22)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,随即晒干;
(23)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(24)吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
(25)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透切片,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的茵陈蒿、乌梅、槟榔、金钱草、苦楝皮、木香、黄连、花椒、黄芩、郁金、延胡索、白芍、山楂、枳实、厚朴、使君子、干姜、龙胆、大腹皮、山药、车前子、柴胡、金银花、吴茱萸、甘草放入煎药容器内,加水6倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水4倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为6剂服用。
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