CN106750568A - 利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,将大豆脱皮后粉碎,然后调节水分进行挤压膨化处理得膨化产物,将膨化物料与水混合得到混合液,向混合液中加入碱性蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解后离心分离得到游离油、乳状液、水解液和残渣,将残渣洗涤、离心后冻干,并溶解于去离子水中,配成的混合溶液,向其中加入柠檬酸溶液后进行均质,均质后的溶液加入甘油、β‑环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,持续搅拌,即得成膜溶液,倾倒在玻璃板中烘干,制成可食性包装膜;本发明将水酶法废弃物—残渣得以应用,并且制得的包装膜富含膳食纤维,可食用,有助于人类肠道健康。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,属于食品制造技术领域。
背景技术
塑料是现阶段食品包装工业中主要采用的材料,但由于塑料不能进行生物降解,会导致许多环境问题。近年来研究发现,可食性薄膜能够显著的延长食品保质期。因此,开发可食性薄膜用以代替传统塑料包装,不仅能够提高食品质量,而且有益于减轻环境污染问题。
水酶法是利用含有生物酶的水相作为提取介质,对油料中油脂进行提取的一种新兴方式。与传统溶剂法相比,水酶法提取油脂的方式更加环保,且无溶剂残留,有利于人体健康。因此,水酶法作为一种绿色环保的油脂提取方式,得到了广泛的关注。在水酶法提取油脂过程中,会产生游离油、乳状液、水解液以及残渣四个部分。残渣作为水酶法的副产物,其中含有丰富的膳食纤维,但现阶段对其研究较少,商业化程度也较低。因此,通过对水酶法残渣进行柠檬酸交联改性处理,开发出具有良好功能特性的可食性包装膜,对实现残渣再利用及提高水酶法经济效益具有重大意义。
发明内容
本发明提供一种利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,将水酶法提取大豆油脂过程中产生的废弃物残渣得以应用,制得的可食用包装膜富含膳食纤维,有助于人类肠道健康。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现:
利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:(1)将大豆脱皮后粉碎,然后调节水分进行挤压膨化处理得膨化产物,将膨化物料与水混合得到混合液,向混合液中加入碱性蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解后离心分离得到游离油、乳状液、水解液和残渣,将残渣分离备用;(2)向步骤(1)所得残渣中加入去离子水洗涤后离心30分钟,重复洗涤离心操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣,将去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣冻干,得到冻干水酶法残渣;(3)将步骤(2)得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解于去离子水中,配成质量浓度为4~6%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸溶液后进行均质,均质后的溶液加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅拌7小时,即得成膜溶液;(4)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性包装膜。
所述的可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%,甘油26%,β-环状糊精22%,柠檬酸7%,明胶4%,二氧化硅1%。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明具体实施例进行详细描述。
利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:(1)将大豆脱皮后粉碎,然后调节水分进行挤压膨化处理得膨化产物,将膨化物料与水混合得到混合液,向混合液中加入碱性蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解后离心分离得到游离油、乳状液、水解液和残渣,将残渣分离备用;(2)向步骤(1)所得残渣中加入去离子水洗涤后离心30分钟,重复洗涤离心操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣,将去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣冻干,得到冻干水酶法残渣;(3)将步骤(2)得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解于去离子水中,配成质量浓度为4~6%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸溶液后进行均质,均质后的溶液加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅拌7小时,即得成膜溶液;(4)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性包装膜。
所述的可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%,甘油26%,β-环状糊精22%,柠檬酸7%,明胶4%,二氧化硅1%。
实施例1
可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%、甘油26%、β-环状糊精22%、柠檬酸7%、明胶4%、二氧化硅1%。进一步地,所述的水酶法残渣可食性包装膜的制作方法为:
1)挑选干净的大豆,利用水酶法对其进行油脂和蛋白的提取后,获得水酶法残渣;
2)向步骤1)中所得水酶法残渣加入三倍体积去离子水后离心30分钟,重复上述操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣;
3)将步骤2)中所得去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣预冻24h后,在冻干机中低温冷冻10-12小时,得到冻干水酶法残渣;
4)将步骤3)中得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解或分散于去离子水中,得到浓度为4%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸后溶液进行均质;
5)向步骤4)中均质后的溶液中加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅7-小时,即得成膜溶液;
6)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性膜。
成膜效果见表1。
实施例2
可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%、甘油26%、β-环状糊精22%、柠檬酸7%、明胶4%、二氧化硅1%。进一步地,所述的水酶法残渣可食性包装膜的制作方法为:
1)挑选干净的大豆,利用水酶法对其进行油脂和蛋白的提取后,获得水酶法残渣;
2)向步骤1)中所得水酶法残渣加入三倍体积去离子水后离心30分钟,重复上述操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣;
3)将步骤2)中所得去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣预冻24h后,在冻干机中低温冷冻10-12小时,得到冻干水酶法残渣;
4)将步骤3)中得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解或分散于去离子水中,得到浓度为5%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸后溶液进行均质;
5)向步骤4)中均质后的溶液中加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅7-小时,即得成膜溶液;
6)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性膜。
成膜效果见表1。
实施例3
可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%、甘油26%、β-环状糊精22%、柠檬酸7%、明胶4%、二氧化硅1%。进一步地,所述的水酶法残渣可食性包装膜的制作方法为:
1)挑选干净的大豆,利用水酶法对其进行油脂和蛋白的提取后,获得水酶法残渣;
2)向步骤1)中所得水酶法残渣加入三倍体积去离子水后离心30分钟,重复上述操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣;
3)将步骤2)中所得去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣预冻24h后,在冻干机中低温冷冻10-12小时,得到冻干水酶法残渣;
4)将步骤3)中得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解或分散于去离子水中,得到浓度为6%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸后溶液进行均质;
5)向步骤4)中均质后的溶液中加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅7-小时,即得成膜溶液;
6)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性膜。
成膜效果见表1。
表1不同组实施例可食性膜的理化指标
Claims (2)
1.利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:(1)将大豆脱皮后粉碎,然后调节水分进行挤压膨化处理得膨化产物,将膨化物料与水混合得到混合液,向混合液中加入碱性蛋白酶进行酶解,酶解后离心分离得到游离油、乳状液、水解液和残渣,将残渣分离备用;(2)向步骤(1)所得残渣中加入去离子水洗涤后离心30分钟,重复洗涤离心操作三次,得到去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣,将去除水溶性杂质的水酶法残渣冻干,得到冻干水酶法残渣;(3)将步骤(2)得到的冻干水酶法残渣溶解于去离子水中,配成质量浓度为4~6%的混合溶液,向其中加入浓度为30%的柠檬酸溶液后进行均质,均质后的溶液加入甘油、β-环状糊精、明胶、二氧化硅,以1500r/min的速度,持续搅拌7小时,即得成膜溶液;(4)将上述成膜溶液倾倒在20cm×20cm的玻璃板中,在40-50℃条件下,烘干4-5小时,制成可食性包装膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用水酶法残渣制备可食性包装膜的方法,其特征在于,所述的可食性包装膜,按质量百分比计由下列组分制成:水酶法残渣40%,甘油26%,β-环状糊精22%,柠檬酸7%,明胶4%,二氧化硅1%。
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