CN106750133B - 低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106750133B
CN106750133B CN201611260955.6A CN201611260955A CN106750133B CN 106750133 B CN106750133 B CN 106750133B CN 201611260955 A CN201611260955 A CN 201611260955A CN 106750133 B CN106750133 B CN 106750133B
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陈海良
刘兆阳
张宾
董良
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法,以重量份数计,原料组成如下:聚酯多元醇77.6‑85份;固化剂3‑4.6份;填料0‑1份;甲苯二异氰酸酯11.9‑17.8份。本发明操作方便,胶辊次品率低,易于工业化生产。固化剂体系中不使用催化剂,催化剂残留,不采用加入增塑剂的方式降低硬度,环保型好,使用寿命长。并且能够选用生物基乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇作为制备聚酯多元醇的原料,降低碳残留,保护环境,所得胶辊耐磨性好,使用寿命长。

Description

低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机高分子材料技术领域,涉及一种低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯弹性体是一种应用广泛的高分子材料,涉及军工航天、轻工纺织、建筑机械、冶金矿山、交通运输、医疗器械、粮食加工、印刷涂覆等行业。随着我国制造业的迅猛发展,胶辊在印刷、纺织、粮食加工等行业的应用日益增多。现多采用丁腈橡胶作为胶辊的原料,存在制造工艺复杂、污染大且产品耐磨、耐油性能差、使用寿命短等缺点。因此,聚氨酯凭借其优异的性能已经被人们应用于胶辊的制造当中。但是,现如今低硬度聚氨酯胶辊大多采用加入增塑剂(DOP、BBP等)的方式来降低硬度,长时间使用之后会析出,导致胶辊表面出花,质量下降,耐磨性变差,寿命减短并且存在环境污染问题。所采用的预聚体粘度较大,固化剂比例较少,容易出现料比不准确、气泡等问题,导致胶辊次品率较高,并且在固化剂中往往加入催化剂,导致催化剂残留。因此以上问题限制了聚氨酯胶辊的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料及其制备方法,操作方便,胶辊次品率低,易于工业化生产。固化剂体系中不使用催化剂,无催化剂残留,不采用加入增塑剂的方式降低硬度,环保型好,使用寿命长。并且能够选用生物基乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇作为制备聚酯多元醇的原料,降低碳残留,保护环境,所得胶辊耐磨性好,使用寿命长。
本发明所述的一种低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料,以重量份数计,原料组成如下:
聚酯多元醇为己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,2‐丙二醇、己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,3‐丙二醇或己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,4‐丁二醇中的一种。
聚酯多元醇的羟值范围为45‐79mgKOH/g,分子量为1500‐2500,水分低于0.05%。
所述聚酯多元醇用的己二酸Fe离子含量极低,Fe离子含量低于0.1mg/kg。乙二醇、1,3‐丙二醇根据使用行业不同可选用生物基产品。
固化剂为三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷、1,4‐丁二醇的两种及两种以上的复配固化剂。
三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷作为复配催化剂。
三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷的质量比为:三异丙醇胺:二异丙醇胺:三羟甲基丙烷=1:1:1。
填料为气相白炭黑或者纳米级碳酸钙。
所述的低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料的制备方法,将聚酯多元醇、固化剂和填料加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀并于100‐110℃温度下脱水1‐2h,然后降温至50‐70℃,加入11.9‐17.8份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在15‐30min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于‐0.1-‐0.09MPa真空下脱至无泡,100‐120℃熟化24‐48h。
本发明采用低Fe离子含量的己二酸以及乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇为原料制备聚酯多元醇,合适的固化剂体系制备低硬度的聚氨酯胶辊,固化剂体系中不使用催化剂,无催化剂残留,不采用加入增塑剂的方式降低硬度,使用于碾米胶辊及贴身纺织衣物的胶辊中。
其中所述聚酯多元醇羟值范围为45‐79mgKOH/g,优选酸值范围0.6‐2.0mgKOH/g,优选分子量为1500‐2500,水分低于0.05%。
本发明为一种使用聚酯多元醇制备聚氨酯胶辊料方法。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明操作方便,胶辊次品率低,易于工业化生产。固化剂体系中不使用催化剂,无催化剂残留,不采用加入增塑剂的方式降低硬度,环保型好,使用寿命长。并且能够选用生物基乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇作为制备聚酯多元醇的原料,降低碳残留,保护环境,所得胶辊耐磨性好,使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
以下实施例未作特别说明,各份数指的是质量份数。
实施例1
将85份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,4‐丁二醇体系、羟值为45mg KOH/g,酸值0.6mgKOH/g,分子量为2500)、3.1份固化剂(三异丙醇胺:1,4‐丁二醇=6:4)加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀,并于100℃温度下脱水2h,至水分低于0.05%。然后降温至70℃,加入11.9份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在30min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于真空下‐0.09MPa脱至无泡,注入提前处理好的模具中,110℃熟化48h。
所得弹性体硬度为45A。
实施例2
将82.5份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,2‐丙二醇体系、羟值为56mg KOH/g,酸值0.9mgKOH/g,分子量为2000)、3.0份固化剂(三羟甲基丙烷:1,4‐丁二醇=6:4)、1份气相白炭黑加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀,并于100℃温度下脱水2h,至水分低于0.05%。然后降温至65℃,加入14.5份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在20min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于真空下‐0.1MPa脱至无泡,注入提前处理好的模具中,100℃熟化48h。所得弹性体硬度为50A。
实施例3
将80份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,2‐丙二醇体系、羟值为62mg KOH/g,酸值1.1mgKOH/g,分子量为1800)、4.0份固化剂(三异丙醇胺:二异丙醇胺:三羟甲基丙烷=1:1:1)加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀,并于110℃温度下脱水1h,至水分低于0.05%。然后降温至60℃,加入16份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在15min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于真空下‐0.1MPa脱至无泡,注入提前处理好的模具中,120℃熟化24h。所得弹性体硬度为55A。
实施例4
将77.6份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,3‐丙二醇体系、羟值为79mg KOH/g,酸值1.3mgKOH/g,分子量为1500)、4.6份固化剂(三异丙醇胺:二异丙醇胺:三羟甲基丙烷=2:5:3)加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀,并于110℃温度下脱水2h,至水分低于0.05%。然后降温至50℃,加入17.8份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在15min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于真空下‐0.09MPa脱至无泡,注入提前处理好的模具中,110℃熟化24h。所得弹性体硬度为65A。
实施例5
将80份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐生物基乙二醇‐生物基1,3‐丙二醇体系、羟值为63mgKOH/g,酸值1.5mgKOH/g,分子量为1800)、4.0份固化剂(三异丙醇胺:二异丙醇胺:三羟甲基丙烷=1:1:1)加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀,并于100℃温度下脱水2h,至水分低于0.05%。然后降温至60℃,加入16份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在15min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于真空下‐0.01MPa脱至无泡,注入提前处理好的模具中,100℃熟化48h。所得弹性体硬度为55A。
对比例1
将85份聚酯多元醇(己二酸‐乙二醇‐1,2‐丙二醇体系、羟值为56mg KOH/g,酸值0.3mgKOH/g,分子量为2000)、15份甲苯二异氰酸酯在75‐85℃保温3h,得到NCO含量为3.6的预聚体。将3.7份三羟甲基丙烷与20份增塑剂混合均匀,然后加入到预聚体中,搅拌,脱气至无泡,浇注提前处理好的模具中,120℃熟化48h。所得弹性体硬度为55A。

Claims (5)

1.一种低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料,其特征在于,以重量份数计,原料组成如下:
聚酯多元醇为己二酸-乙二醇-1,2-丙二醇、己二酸-乙二醇-1,3-丙二醇或己二酸-乙二醇-1,4-丁二醇中的一种;
聚酯多元醇的羟值范围为45-79mgKOH/g,分子量为1500-2500,水分低于0.05%。所述聚酯多元醇用的己二酸Fe离子含量极低,Fe离子含量低于0.1mg/kg;
固化剂为三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷、1,4-丁二醇的两种及两种以上的复配固化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料,其特征在于,三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷作为复配催化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料,其特征在于,三异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、三羟甲基丙烷的质量比为:三异丙醇胺:二异丙醇胺:三羟甲基丙烷=1:1:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料,其特征在于,填料为气相白炭黑或者纳米级碳酸钙。
5.一种权利要求1所述的低硬度聚氨酯胶辊料的制备方法,其特征在于,将聚酯多元醇、固化剂和填料加入到带有真空脱气装置的反应器中,搅拌均匀并于100-110℃温度下脱水1-2h,然后降温至50-70℃,加入11.9-17.8份甲苯二异氰酸酯,在15-30min时间内快速搅拌均匀,并于-0.1--0.09MPa真空下脱至无泡,100-120℃熟化24-48h。
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